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Design and Implementation of Smart Vehicle Theft Detection using Raspberry PI

And IOT for Real Time Applications

Article · June 2018

DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2018.6111

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 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887
Volume 6 Issue VI, June 2018- Available at www.ijraset.com

Design and Implementation of Smart Vehicle Theft

Detection Using Raspberry Pi and Iot for Real
Time Applications
Raunak Agrawal1, Rahul Dugar2, Saurabh Surana3, Sunil Mp4, Hamsa S5
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jain University

Abstract: The crime related to vehicle theft has been a tremendous rise with burglar’s becoming smarter every day. This
generates an crucial need for an effective vehicle theft diagnosis system. In this paper, a compact, cheap and efficient system is
studied, designed and explored using Raspberry Pi as the core processing unit of the whole system. Sensors data of Passive
Infra-Red (PIR) motion sensor, pressure sensor, gas sensor, including Global Positioning System (GPS), Pi camera, buzzer and
a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display are collected by embedded Linux system. The device functions in two modes: User mode
and Theft mode. The gadget has ability of detecting intrusion and on detection will ring an alarm and send coordinates to the
user’s assigned E-mail. The device will send the latitude and longitudinal details to the user’s e-mail along with the captured
image using remote sensing whenever there is an intrusion or if the device is displaced after a certain threshold as in the case of
bike theft wherein the complete vehicle can be effortlessly displaced without starting the engine or deactivating physical locks. It
is easy to locate the vehicle and get accurate position on Google Maps using this design. This paper explores the possibility of a
compact, versatile, viable, cheap and efficient vehicle theft detection system.
Keywords: Raspberry pi, GPS module, IOT, Pi camera, PIR sensor, Tracking, Embedded

I. INTRODUCTION
With the rise in the number of vehicles, the theft related to it has also risen exponentially. Every year more than 10 million vehicles
are stolen around the world and majority remain untraced. Criminals are becoming smarter day by day and have reached the stage of
consummation against the existing vehicle safety systems. Stolen cars and bikes are frequently used in serious crimes that result in
property damage, physical injuries and loss of life after an accident. This calls in for a need of an efficient theft detection system.
The vehicle tracking hardware is fitted on to the vehicle. It is fitted in such a manner that it is not visible to anyone who is outside
the vehicle. Internet of Things (IOT) is the smart technology which helps devices to stay connected in the current generation. All
devices can be coupled jointly and used to exchange data with remote login users to make life simpler as shown in fig-1. Security
plays an salient role in today’s emerging technology. Vehicle security has accomplished numerous fast changes yet the security
designs cost are very high and not tolerable for all owners. An anti-theft system is a hardware or mechanism used to avoid the
unapproved access of someone’s vehicle. In this paper we are proposing a system which alerts and notifies the owner in case of any
intrusion or theft of the vehicle and also sends the updated location of the device at regular intervals, which will be an addition to the
already existing handle and wheel locks. Owner will be alerted regarding theft attempt and will be provided with the co-ordinates of
the vehicle using GPS module through an E-mail. Piezoelectric sensor is used to detect any unnecessary vibrations caused due to
physical tampering, gas sensor to detect any fire warnings and a PIR motion sensor is used to detect intrusion .Wi-Fi dongle is used
for accessing the internet. Python scripting is used for programming the board as it is compatible with Pi. After the vehicle has been
parked, it will be switched to ‘theft’ mode and if an intruder tries to displace the vehicle above certain threshold, the alarm starts
ringing and an image with the respective GPS co-ordinate is sent to the user. The GPS co-ordinates, date and time can be explicitly
stored in a database and further user can retrieve the data using webpage. We are tending towards Raspberry pi because it’s cheap,
compact, powerful and the availability of tools for better maintenance. This gives an edge over other pieces of technology for the
same purpose.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
Mechanical devices have the disadvantage of being destroyed comfortably using other mechanical tools. We have studied the recent
alternate systems on theft detection using image processing technology which captures the image of the driver and compares with
the saved image of owner to detect an intrusion but have a significant amount of drawbacks and flaws, and fingerprint detection
which seems inconvenient and very expensive to implement on two-wheelers. The existing systems also occupy more area which is

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved 712

 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887
Volume 6 Issue VI, June 2018- Available at www.ijraset.com

one of the major constraints for two-wheelers. Thieves and criminals have devised techniques to counter the existing systems. The
demand is to design a system taking size, cost and power as constraints. In [1], the paper exhibits objective of fleet monitoring and
management. The system has two units: the main is the security unit consisting of a GSM, GPS, relay, current sensor and
microcontroller. The current sensor will transmit an analog signal to the controller whenever the car is moving and confirmation is
done by sending SMS to the owner. In [2], the framework acknowledges the message and through CAN Bus broadcasts the message
to the whole vehicle network. The exact location will be send to the owner within very less time. The GSM modem interfaced to the
microcontroller gets the message, the yield of which enacts a component that cripples the ignition of the vehicle by using flow
sensor which results in stopping of the vehicle. In [3], the author depicted a system to alert the user if the unauthorized person tries
to take away the vehicle and stop the ignition and deactivate the gadget. In [4], author proposed a car security system involved with
a GPS and a GSM module. The user connects through this substructure with vehicles and decides their present areas and status
using Google Earth and the position of alerted vehicles can be followed by client. In [5], motors of vehicles are controlled using
GSM and microcontroller. The secret word which has been declared needs to be sorted out for the vehicle to start. At the point when
the secret word coordinates then and at exactly that point ignition of the vehicle will begin. Every time secret key neglects to match
up to the three trials then framework will starts the siren and it will send the message to the owner through GSM system.

III. WORKING AND OPERATION

The Raspberry Pi is a 32-bit credit card sized single-board computer using Broadcom BCM 2837 System on Chip (SoC), containing
a quad core ARM cortex-A53 running at 1.2GHz and a videocore4 GPU as shown in fig-2. It does not come with a real-time clock
(RTC), so an OS must use a network time server. However, a RTC with battery powered can be added via the I²C interface. The
power supply is from the USB hub which outputs 5v, 2A dc. The Ethernet cable is connected to the Pi and the Laptop to provide the
host server. The OS used is Raspbian Squeeze and the program is written in Python IDE. Also, a 16 GB bootable SD card with
Linux is mounted to the Pi Board for storage. There is also a built in Wi-Fi for the board but for external applications, though an
external USB Wi-Fi dongle can be integrated for the internet connectivity.

Fig.2 Raspberry Pi 3 model B v2.2

The camera module v2 connects to CSI-2 camera port and consumes 250mA of power from the board using a short ribbon cable.
The camera data is processed and ultimately converted to an image on the SD card. The camera is of 5 megapixels and we have used
720p resolution so that it consumes less amount of storage. The images are stored in .jpeg format.A Neo-6m GPS module is satellite
navigation system that provides position and time information in all weather conditions. The GPS receiver gives output in NMEA
format (-157dBm). The recorded location data can be saved within the tracking unit and can be sent to registered email upon
detection of theft. There are three sensors integrated with the design. The PIR gets a HIGH signal whenever motion is detected by
the PIR module. Along with PIR, other sensors such as pressure sensor to detect the vibration above certain threshold and MQ-2 gas
sensor for alarming if fire turns up around the vehicle. A buzzer is also interfaced for alarm purposes.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved 713

 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887
Volume 6 Issue VI, June 2018- Available at www.ijraset.com

A. Proposed System

Fig.3 Proposed block diagram.

B. Algorithm
1) Initially the system will be working on user mode.
2) After the vehicle is parked, theft mode can be turned on using a switch.
3) PIR, pressure and gas sensors will continuously monitor any burglaries.
4) If output on those pins is HIGH, the camera module captures the image instantaneously.
5) GPS module tracks latitude, longitude, and date and time co-ordinates of the system.
6) If the vehicle is displaced by 120metres, then also the GPS module saves the revised co-ordinates of the system.
7) Camera image along with a link to respective spot are sent to the user via registered E-mail.
8) The authorized user can view the image and open the Google Maps to track the vehicle.
9) Once the user reaches to the vehicle, user mode can again be turned on.

C. Testing and Simulation

The components such as Pi camera, GPS module, PIR motion sensor, Gas sensor, and buzzer were interfaced with Raspberry Pi 3
board using USB cable and Ethernet LAN cable as shown in fig.4.

Fig.4 System Implementaion

After the successful execution of the above idea, whenever there is an intrusion with the vehicle or fire around the vehicle, the
buzzer started beeping and the co-ordinates were seen at pi terminal along with theft detected message. In addition to it, a mail was
sent to the user with the image and a link to Google Maps to track the position. Furthermore, if the vehicle was displaced from its
original position, then correspondingly the modified link will also be accessible to the user as shown in fig-5. This results in
efficient vehicle theft detection device with low cost and improved features.

Fig.5 Simulation and Results

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved 714

 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887
Volume 6 Issue VI, June 2018- Available at www.ijraset.com

The basic goal is to create a compact mobile device with the connections mentioned below. Initially, the engine will be ON by the
power supply of the micro-controller, which means that the engine is running in user mode and doesn’t need any protection. After
the user has parked the vehicle, the theft mode can be instantiated. If an intruder tries to start the vehicle i.e. if any unwanted
vibration greater than a threshold value is detected or the vehicle is dislocated to a radius greater than the desired value ,a buzzer
starts to ring by sensing activity using a piezoelectric sensor and an email is sent to the owner stating that a break-in has occurred.
The user can then take instant action by either informing the nearby police station or using some control functions like immobilising
the vehicle from remote distance.

IV. CONCLUSIONS
We got to learn a lot about system implementation, component interfacing on the board and efficient, compact programming.
Vehicle theft detection device is the need of the hour and a compact, efficient and cheap device can be made using Raspberry pi. A
powerful product can eventually be made out of this system. We can improve the accuracy by increasing the cost of the components.
We can add ambulance contact numbers and police station contact number so that they can reach out very fast to that location. The
application can be made capable of generating the voice based alert to the user. Also, the features to block the ignition unit by
sending some instructions to the microcontroller can be added make the vehicle impossible to start for improved security. The entire
system can be integrated with an android app and the relevant data can be stored in a database so that it might more easily be
accessible to the user.

REFERENCES
[1] Montaser N. Ramadan, Mohammad A. Al-Khedher, Sharaf A. Al-Kheder, “Intelligent Anti-Theft and Tracking System for Automobiles” IJMLC, Vol. 2,
No. 1, February 2012
[2] Karan Siyal and G. Gugapriya,” Anti-Theft Vehicle Locking System using CAN” IJST, Vol.9, December 2016
[3] Pengfei Zhou, Yuanqing Zheng, Mo Li, “How Long to Wait? Predicting Bus Arrival Time with Mobile Phone Based Participatory Sensing,” Mobile
Computing, IEEE Transactions on, vol.13, no.6, pp.1228, 1241, June 2014
[4] D. Jiang, V. Taliwal, A. Meier, and W. Holfelder, “Design of 5.9 GHz DSRC-Based Vehicular Safety Communication,” IEEE Wireless Communications
Magazine, October 2006
[5] B.G. Nagaraja, Ravi Rayappa, M. Mahesh, Chandrasekhar M. Patil, Dr. T.C. Manjunath, “Design & Development of a GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control
System” 978-0-7695- 3516-6/08©2008 IEEE, DOI 10.1109/ICACC.2009.154, pp.148-152
[6] Hui Song, et.al, “ SVATS: A sensor-network-based Vehicle Anti-Theft System”, IEEE INFOCOM 2008 proceedings, IEEE INFOCOM 2008
Proceedings, pp 171-175, 2008
[7] Liu Anqi Zhang, Shaojun Li, “Vehicle anti-theft tracking system based on Internet of things,” Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES), July 2013
[8] J. Zhao and G. Cao, “VADD: Vehicle-Assisted Data Delivery in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks,” IEEE INFOCOM, April 2006
[9] Le-Tien and Thuong, “Routing and tracking system for mobile vehicles in large area”, Electronic Design, Test and Application, 2010, DELTA ’10, Fifth IEEE
International Symposium, pp. 297 – 300

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