Reference Name: NIA-TIC-101-4/24 Insulation Materials Specification Chart from NIA

This chart provides the reader with material properties as typically specified in ASTM material specifications and is a guide to performance characteristics but may not be sufficient for writing specifications. Consult the manufacturer for
specific
Physical Elastomeric Tube Elastomeric Tube and Sheet – Elastomeric Tube and Sheet Cellular Glass Cellular Glass Pipe
Polystyrene Board (XPS)
Polystyrene Pipe
Polyisocyanurate
Physical properties.
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and Sheet High Temp – Halogen Free Block (XPS) Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7

Type of Material Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Type of Material
C534 C534 C534 C552 C552 C578 C578
ASTM Standard C591 Grade 2 ASTM Standard
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 6, Type I Grade 6, Type II Types VI, V, VI, VII, X, XII, XIII Type XIII
Temp (°F) - Max. 220 350 250 800 800 165 165 300 Temp (°F) - Max.

Temp (°F) - Min. –297 –297 –297 –450 –450 –65 –320 –297 Temp (°F) - Min.
6 Apparent 6 Apparent
Thermal Thermal
Conductivity Max. (Btu-in/h (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or Conductivity Max. (Btu-
(C335)
ft2 F) at Mean C177) C177) C177) C177) C177) C177) C177) in/h ft2 F) at Mean
Temperatures of: Temperatures of:
3
–100°F 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.23 N/A 0.181 0.17 – 0.19 –100°F
0.21
6 Apparent Thermal 6 Apparent Thermal
Conductivity Max. (Btu- 6 Apparent Conductivity Max. (Btu-
Thermal Conductivity Max. (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean Temperatures of:
in/h ft2 F) at Mean in/h ft2 F) at Mean
Temperatures of: Temperatures of:
3
0°F 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.29 N/A 0.221 0.19 – 0.22 0°F

75°F 0.28 0.30 0.28 0.31 0.34 0.20 – 0.256 0.256 0.19 – 0.22 75°F
3 3 3
200°F N/R 3 0.38 N/R 0.40 0.43 N/A N/A 0.26 – 0.30 200°F
3 3 3 3 3 3
400 °F N/A N/A N/A 0.58 0.63 N/A N/A N/A 400 °F
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
600°F N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 600°F

Compressive Resistance 3 3 3 3 Compressive Resistance

N/S N/S N/S 60 N/R 15 – 100 20 20 – 125
(psi) (C165/C1621) – Min. (psi) (C165/C1621) - Min.

Corrosion of Carbon Steel 3 3 3 3 3 3 Corrosion of Carbon Steel

N/R N/R N/R ≤ D.I. Water ≤ D.I. Water N/S N/S N/S
(ASTM C1617) (ASTM C1617)
3 3 3
Density (lbs/ft3) N/R N/R N/R 6.12 min 6.12 min 1.2 – 3.0 1.6 1.8 – 6.0 Density (lbs/ft3)

Linear Change Linear Change

7% 7% 7% 3 3 2% max 2% max 2% max
at Max Temp N/S N/S at Max Temp
(C 356) (C 356) (C 356) (D 2126) (D 2126) (D 2126)
(C356 / D2126) (C356 / D2126)
Min. Flexural Strength (psi) 3 3 3 3 Min. Flexural Strength (psi)
N/S N/S N/S 41 41 40 – 100 45 N/S
Min. (C203) Min. (C203)
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
pH N/S N/S N/S N/R N/R N/S N/S N/S pH

Behavior in a Vertical Tube 3 3 3 3 3 3 Behavior in a Vertical

N/S N/S N/S Pass Pass N/S N/S N/S
Furnace (ASTM E136) Tube Furnace (ASTM E136)
Surface Burning Surface Burning
Characteristics Max (E84) 9 3 3 3 3 3 3 Characteristics Max (E84) 9
N/R N/R N/R 5/0 5/0 N/R N/R N/R
Flame Spread/Smoke Flame Spread/Smoke
Developed Developed
Water Vapor Permeability Water Vapor Permeability
0.10 0.30 0.30 0.005 0.005 1.1 – 2.0 2.0 2.0 – 4.0
(Perm in) Max (E96) (Perm in) Max (E96)
A A A B B A A A
Procedure A or B Procedure A or B

Physical Elastomeric Tube Elastomeric Tube and Sheet – Elastomeric Tube and Sheet Cellular Glass Polystyrene Pipe Physical
Cellular Glass Pipe Polystyrene Board (XPS) Polyisocyanurate Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and Sheet High Temp – Halogen Free Block (XPS)

Reference Name: NIA-TIC-101-4/24. Copyright 2024. National Insulation Association 1

 Physical Melamine Polyolefin Sheet and Polyimide Polyimide Polyimide Rigid Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber Physical
Phenolic Foam Unfaced
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 Foam Tube Foam Foam Cellular Pipe Pipe Pipe Blanket Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7

Type of Material Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Fibrous Fibrous Fibrous Fibrous Type of Material
C1594 C547
C1126 C1482 C1482 C547 C547 C553
ASTM Standard Specification C1410 C1427 Type II, Grade 3, 12 Type II – III & 12 12 ASTM Standard
Type III Type I Type VI Type I 12 Type IV Type I & II
Class I V
1200 or
Temp (°F) - Max. 257 350 200 400 572 600 850 1000 450 Temp (°F) - Max.
1400(V)
Temp (°F) - Min. –290 –40 –150 –328 –328 -423 0 0 0 0 Temp (°F) - Min.
6 Apparent
Apparent Thermal Conductivity Test Thermal Conductivity Max.
(C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or
Method in the Stated Standard (C518) (C518 & C177) (C518) (C518) (C335) (C335) (C335) (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean
C177) C177) C177)
Specification Temperatures of:
6 Apparent 6 Apparent
Thermal Conductivity Thermal Conductivity Max.
Max. (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean 6 Apparent Thermal Conductivity Max. (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean Temperatures of: (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean Temperatures
Temperatures of: of:
3 3 3 3 3
–100°F 0.18 – 0.24 N/A 0.29 0.21 0.21 0.066 N/A N/A N/A N/A –100°F
3 3 3 3 3
0°F 0.18 – 0.24 N/A 0.33 0.27 0.28 0.138 N/A N/A N/A N/A 0°F
0.36 (I)
75°F 0.18 – 0.24 0.27 0.35 0.32 0.34 0.246 0.24 0.24 0.24 75°F
0.31 (II)
3 0.55 (I)
200°F 0.25 – 0.31 0.41 N/A 0.51 0.50 0.396 0.31 0.31 0.31 200°F
0.44 (II)
3 3 3 3
400 °F N/A N/A N/A 0.82 0.82 0.648 0.51 0.45 0.45 N/R 400 °F
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
600°F N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/R 0.65 0.65 N/A 600°F
Compressive Resistance (psi) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Compressive Resistance (psi)
18 N/S N/S 0.5 @ 25% 0.5 @ 25% N/R N/S N/S N/S N/S
(C165/C1621) - Min. (C165/C1621) - Min.

Corrosion of Carbon Steel (ASTM 3 3 3 3 3 3 Corrosion of Carbon Steel (ASTM

N/R N/R N/S N/R N/R N/R ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl-
C1617) C1617)
3 3 3
Density (lbs/ft3) 2 – 7.5 min 0.25 – 0.63 2.5 max 0.36 – 0.53 0.35 – 0.55 3.0 max N/R N/R N/R 6 (max)11 Density (lbs/ft3)

Linear Change Linear Change

2% max 5% max 7% max 3 3 3 2% max 2% max 2% max 3
at Max Temp N/S N/S N/S N/S at Max Temp
(D 2126) (C 356) (C 356) (C 356) (C 356) (C 356)
(C356 / D2126) (C356 / D2126)
Min. Flexural Strength (psi) Min. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S Min. Flexural Strength (psi) Min. (C203)
(C203)
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
pH N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S pH
Behavior in a Vertical Tube Furnace 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Behavior in a Vertical Tube Furnace
(ASTM E136) N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S (ASTM E136)
Surface Burning Characteristics Max
2 2 3 2 2 2 Surface Burning Characteristics Max
(E84) 9 Flame Spread/Smoke 25/50 25/50 N/R 10/15 10/15 10/15 25/50 25/50 25/50 25/50
(E84) 9 Flame Spread/Smoke Developed
Developed
Water Vapor Permeability Water Vapor Permeability
5.0 3
0.05 3 3
8 3 3 3 3
(Perm in) Max (E96) N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S (Perm in) Max (E96)
A A B
Procedure A or B Procedure A or B

Physical Melamine Polyolefin Sheet and Polyimide Polyimide Polyimide Rigid Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber
Phenolic Foam Unfaced Physical
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 Foam Tube Foam Foam Cellular Pipe Pipe Pipe Blanket
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7

Reference Name: NIA-TIC-101-4/24. Copyright 2024. National Insulation Association 2

 Physical Mineral Fiber Metal Mesh Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber Physical
Mineral Fiber Blanket Mineral Fiber Blanket Mineral Fiber Blanket Mineral Fiber Board
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 Blanket Board Board Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7

Type of Material Fibrous Fibrous Fibrous Fibrous Fibrous Fibrous Fibrous Type of Material
C553 C553 C553 C592 C612 C612 C612
ASTM Standard Specification 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 ASTM Standard Specification
Type IV Type V & VI Type VII Type I & II Type 1A – III Type IV A&B Type V
Temp (°F) - Max. 850 1000 1200 850 (I) 1200 (II) 450 – 1000 1200 1800 Temp (°F) - Max.
Temp (°F) - Min. 0 0 0 0 0 0 80 Temp (°F) - Min.
Apparent Thermal Conductivity Apparent Thermal Conductivity Test
(C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or (C518 &/or
Test Method in the Stated Standard Method in the Stated Standard
C177) C177) C177) C177) C177) C177) C177)
Specification Specification
6 6
Apparent Thermal Conductivity Apparent Thermal Conductivity Max.
Max. (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean 6 Apparent Thermal Conductivity Max. (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean Temperatures of: (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean Temperatures
Temperatures of: of:
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
–100°F N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A –100°F
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
0°F N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0°F
0.31 (V)
75°F 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 –0.26 0.24 – 0.25 0.45 75°F
0.26(VI)
0.44 (V)
200°F 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 –0.36 0.30 – 0.34 0.47 200°F
0.36(VI)
3 0.89 (V) 0.55 (I)
400 °F N/R 0.55 0.55 0.42 – 0.55 0.52 400 °F
0.60(VI) 0.53 (II)
3 1.50 (V) N/R (I)
600°F N/R 0.89 0.90 0.63 –0.85 0.59 600°F
1.05(VI) 0.75 (II)
Compressive Resistance (psi) 3 3 3 3 Compressive Resistance (psi)
N/S N/S N/S N/S 0.083 – 0.174 @10% 0.347 @ 10% 6.94 @ 10%
(C165/C1621) - Min. (C165/C1621) - Min.
Corrosion of Carbon Steel (ASTM Corrosion of Carbon Steel (ASTM
≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl- ≤5 ppm Cl-
C1617) C1617)
10 (Type I)
Density (lbs/ft3) 8 (max)11 10 (max)11 12 (max)11 8-10 (max)11 12 20 Density (lbs/ft3)
12 (Type II) max
Linear Change Linear Change
3 3 3 4% max 2% max 2% max 4% max
at Max Temp N/S N/S N/S at Max Temp
(C 356) (C 356) (C 356) (C 356)
(C356 / D2126) (C356 / D2126)
Min. Flexural Strength (psi) Min. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Min. Flexural Strength (psi) Min.
(C203) N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S (C203)
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
pH N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S pH
Behavior in a Vertical Tube Furnace 3 3 3 3 3 3 Behavior in a Vertical Tube Furnace
N/S N/S N/S Pass N/S N/S N/S
(ASTM E136) (ASTM E136)
Surface Burning Characteristics Surface Burning Characteristics Max
Max (E84) 9 Flame Spread/Smoke 25/50 25/50 25/50 25/50 25/50 25/50 25/50 (E84) 9 Flame Spread/Smoke
Developed Developed
Water Vapor Permeability Water Vapor Permeability
(Perm in) Max (E96) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 (Perm in) Max (E96)
N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S
Procedure A or B Procedure A or B
Physical Mineral Fiber Metal Mesh Mineral Fiber Mineral Fiber Physical
Mineral Fiber Blanket Mineral Fiber Blanket Mineral Fiber Blanket Mineral Fiber Board Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 Blanket Board Board

Reference Name: NIA-TIC-101-4/24. Copyright 2024. National Insulation Association 3

 Physical Calcium Silicate Pipe and Expanded Perlite Pipe & Flexible Aerogel Flexible Aerogel High Flexible Aerogel Flexible Aerogel Dual Physical
Micro-porous Micro-porous Flexible Aerogel
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 Block Block Low Temp Temp Pipe Temp Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7

Type of Material Granular Granular Granular Granular Granular Granular Granular Granular Granular Type of Material
C1676 Type II, C1676 Type II, C1728 C1728 C1728 C1728 C1728
ASTM Standard C533 ASTM Standard
C610 Grade 2A Grade 2B Type I, Type III, Type III, Type IV, Type V,
Specification Type I Specification
Nonhydrophobic Hydrophobic Grade1B Grade1A Grade 2 Grade 1A Grade 1
Temp (°F) - Max. 1200 1200 1832 1832 257 1200 1200 482 1200 Temp (°F) - Max.
Temp (°F) - Min. 80 80 176 176 -321 75 75 -321 75 Temp (°F) - Min.
Apparent Thermal Apparent Thermal
Conductivity Test Method (C518 &/or (C518, (C518, Conductivity Test Method
(C335) C177 C177 C335 C177 C177
in the Stated Standard C177) C177 &/or C201) C177 &/or C201) in the Stated Standard
Specification Specification
6 Apparent 6 Apparent
Thermal Thermal
Conductivity Max. (Btu- 6 Apparent Conductivity Max. (Btu-
Thermal Conductivity Max. (Btu-in/h ft2 F) at Mean Temperatures of:
in/h ft2 F) at Mean in/h ft2 F) at Mean
Temperatures of: Temperatures of:
3 3 3 3 3 3
–100°F N/A N/A N/S N/S 0.10 N/A N/A 0.12 N/A –100°F
3 3 3 3 3 3
0°F N/A N/A N/S N/S 0.11 N/A N/A 0.14 N/A 0°F
3 3 3 3
75°F N/A N/A N/S N/S 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.15 0.20 75°F
200°F 0.45 0.53 0.211 0.211 0.13 0.16 0.18 0.16 0.26 200°F
3
400 °F 0.55 0.64 0.242 0.242 N/A 0.20 0.24 0.20 0.34 400 °F
3 3
600°F 0.66 0.75 0.272 N/A N/A 0.25 0.33 N/S 0.44 600°F

Compressive Resistance Compressive Resistance

100 @ 5% 70 @ 5% 7.3 @ 10% 3.6 @ 10% 5 @ 10% 3 @ 10% 3 @ 10% 5 @ 10% 3 @ 10%
(psi) (C165/C1621) - Min. (psi) (C165/C1621) - Min.

Corrosion of Carbon Steel 3 3 Corrosion of Carbon Steel

< DI < DI N/R N/R < 5ppm CL < 5ppm CL < 5ppm CL < 5ppm CL < 5ppm CL
(ASTM C1617) (ASTM C1617)

Density (lbs/ft3) 15 (max) 15 (max) 11.9 – 18.7 11.9 – 18.7 5 – 11.2 10 – 15 10 – 15 10 – 15 7.5 – 11.2 Density (lbs/ft3)

Linear Change Linear Change

2% 2 – 8% max
at Max Temp 2 – 10% max 2 – 10% max <2% < 2% < 2% < 2% < 2% at Max Temp
(C 356) (C 356)
(C356 / D2126) (C356 / D2126)
Min. Flexural Strength (psi) 3 3 3 3 3 3 Min. Flexural Strength (psi)
50 45 N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S
Min. (C203) Min. (C203)
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
pH N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S pH
Behavior in a Vertical Tube 3 3 3 3 3 3 Behavior in a Vertical Tube
Pass Pass N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S
Furnace (ASTM E136) Furnace (ASTM E136)
Surface Burning Surface Burning
Characteristics Max (E84) 9 Characteristics Max (E84) 9
0/0 0/5 0/10 0/10 25/50 5/10 5/10 25/50 5/10
Flame Spread/Smoke Flame Spread/Smoke
Developed Developed
Water Vapor Permeability Water Vapor Permeability
(Perm in) Max (E96) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 (Perm in) Max (E96)
N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S N/S
Procedure A or B Procedure A or B
Micro-porous
Physical Calcium Silicate Pipe and Expanded Perlite Pipe & Flexible Aerogel Flexible Aerogel High Flexible Aerogel Flexible Aerogel Dual Physical
Micro-porous Flexible Aerogel
Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 Block Block Low Temp Temp Pipe Temp Properties 1, 4, 5, 6, 7

Reference Name: NIA-TIC-101-4/24. Copyright 2024. National Insulation Association 4

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This April 2024 revision is the current version of the NIA-TIC-101-4/24. It is reviewed quarterly by the NIA TIC. Copyright 2024 NIA. Available at www.insulation.org.
This document was created by NIA for use by NIA in its training programs and for its members.

Notes:
1. All properties are for the generic material type and will vary by grade and by manufacturer. All properties should be verified with individual manufacturers. Properties that are not stated may or may
not be an indication that a material is not appropriate for applications depending on that property.
This should be verified with the specific manufacturer.
2. Surface burning characteristics may vary with thickness and/or formulation. See the manufacturer’s data sheets.
3. The following are the definitions used in this chart for special situations:
N/A = Not applicable—The mean temperature for thermal conductivity is outside the scope of the ASTM standard for this material classification.
N/S = Not stated—The ASTM standard makes no mention of this property.
N/R = Not required—The ASTM Standard for this material classification does NOT have a required performance for this property but the ASTM standard does discuss this property or another
material classification within the standard has a requirement for this property.
4. All properties listed above are for the core insulation material only and may not be indicative of the performance of an insulation system including vapor retarders, adhesives and sealants.
5. Many materials can be used for applications outside of the ranges listed above but additional precautions must be followed. The specific manufacturer should be consulted for detailed
recommendations.
6. Some values such as specific thermal conductivities at various mean temperatures may be interpolated or extrapolated by a small amount.
7. This chart has been established for products with current ASTM standards.
8. Data found in this chart is generally derived from ASTM Standards. Some exceptions were made to provide more complete information on materials for better comparison purposes. In those cases,
the information was derived by consensus of manufacturers and the NIA TIC Committee approval. This table does not contain all ASTM data points.
9. For guidance on Surface Burning Characteristics testing of products used in Canada, refer to the appropriate ASTM product specification for requirements or use CAN/ULC-S102, Standard Method of
Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies.
10. In ASTM E96, Procedure A is the dry cup method and Procedure B is the wet cup method.
11. These values are for design purposes only.
12. Mineral fibers are fibrous inorganic substances made primarily from rock, slag, or glass. These fibers are classified into two general groups: fiberglass (glass wool) and mineral wool (rock wool and
slag wool). Note that many mechanical fiberglass products are typically lighter with maximum use temperatures of up to 1000°F while mineral wool mechanical products are generally heavier with a
maximum use temperature of 1200°F. There are exceptions and manufacturers data must be consulted to ensure the maximum use temperature of the product is appropriate for its intended
application.

Reference Name: NIA-TIC-101-4/24. Copyright 2024. National Insulation Association 5