Practice 000 215 1224

Publication Date13Mar00
Page 1 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

PURPOSE
This practice establishes guidelines and recommended procedures for the design of
foundations for cylindrical and rectangular heaters.

SCOPE
This practice includes the following major sections:

CYLINDRICAL HEATERS
SUPPLIER INFORMATION
DISTRIBUTION OF LOADS
ESTIMATING PIER AND FOOTING DIMENSIONS
MINIMUM FOOTING THICKNESS
FOUNDATION DESIGN
RECTANGULAR HEATER GUIDELINES
REFERENCES
ATTACHMENTS

APPLICATION
This practice is to be used for the design of heater foundations and as a guideline for the
design of similar combined mats.

CYLINDRICAL
HEATERS
The analysis and design of a cylindrical heater foundation with a solid octagonal base on
soil or on piles presents a complex problem. Some simplifying assumptions must be
made in order to produce an adequate design within a reasonable length of time. For
unusually large heaters, another type of base such as annular may be considered more
economical than a solid base. The following is the recommended approach to the
foundation design.

SUPPLIER
INFORMATION
The following information must be provided by the heater supplier. When reviewing
supplier drawings for approval, ensure that all of this information has been provided.

Total empty and operating weight.

Load taken by center column, if center column provided.

Total overturning moment and lateral load from wind and seismic at bottom of heater
or bottom of baseplate.

Size or length of perimeter columns.

Baseplate, anchor bolt sizes, and diameter of bolt holes.

Structural Engineering
 Practice 000 215 1224
Publication Date13Mar00
Page 2 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

It is good engineering practice to make a rough check of the overturning moment and
lateral load from wind and seismic as provided by the supplier.

It is important to determine if piping flange forces (vertical, horizontal, or both) have

been included in the information listed above. Discuss with the Mechanical Engineer and
Piping Stress Engineer.

DISTRIBUTION
OF LOADS

Vertical Loads
Vertical loads from dead weight are assumed equally distributed to each outer column
except where interior columns support a portion of the heater floor.

Vertical loads due to overturning moments are assumed to be distributed to each column
in proportion to its distance from the neutral axis of the column group.

Horizontal Loads
Horizontal loads will be distributed to the outer heater columns in the direction of the
horizontal force and in proportion to their relative flexural rigidities.

Heater columns are assumed fixed at their base and pinned at the bottom of the floor
beams when the columns stop at the floor beams. Columns are assumed pinned at their
base and fixed at the bottom of the floor beams when the columns continue up the outside
of the heater shell.

ESTIMATING PIER
AND FOOTING
DIMENSIONS
It is necessary to assume a trial design for the purpose of analysis. Pier sizes can be
determined from column baseplate dimensions and minimum edge distances for anchor
bolts. Footing size can be accurately estimated by use of the Octagon Bases Sizing Chart
for footings on soil. Refer to Structural Engineering Practice 000.215.1220: Vertical
Vessel Foundations. Footings on piles are sized according to heater and pile
configuration and spacing limitations. The minimum octagon size equals pier circle plus
pier width plus edge distance.

Structural Engineering
 Practice 000 215 1224
Publication Date13Mar00
Page 3 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

MINIMUM
FOOTING
THICKNESS

Footings On Soil
The footing thickness should be adequate to ensure sufficient rigidity for distributing soil
bearing pressures in a uniform manner. To ensure sufficient rigidity for the footing, the
footing thickness may be determined from the following criteria, using the largest of the
conditions:

t= 1 −0

D ∗
t= 12

X−b
t= 3

* Based on information from K. Terzaghi, Evaluation of Coefficients of Subgrade,

Reaction, Geotechnique (London), V.5, December, 1955.

where

t = Footing thickness in feet

D = Diameter of pier circle in feet

X = Maximum projected distance between adjacent pier centerlines in feet

b = Width of concrete pier parallel with X in feet

Footings On Piles
The minimum pile cap thickness above bottom reinforcement will be 1'- 0", according to
ACI (American Concrete Institute) 318-99, Section 15.7, with incremental increases of 2
inches.

FOUNDATION
DESIGN

Pier Design
Piers will be designed as columns according to ACI-318. Minimize the column width
perpendicular to the pier diameter in order to maximize access to the burner floor for
piping and personnel.

Anchor Bolts
Although the anchor bolts are usually specified by the heater manufacturer, their size and
capacity must be checked against the structural specification for the project. The supplier
may specify a material other than A307.

Structural Engineering
 Practice 000 215 1224
Publication Date13Mar00
Page 4 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

For design of anchor bolt embedment, edge distance, and special reinforcement, refer to
Structural Engineering Practice 000.215.1207: Anchor Bolt Design Criteria.

Footing Size
The minimum stability ratio (ratio of dead load resisting moment to overturning moment)
will be according to job specifications, with a minimum of 1.5 for empty or operating
condition combined with wind loads (refer to Structural Engineering Practice
000.215.1215) and 1.0 for seismic loading using 90 percent of the dead loads (refer to
Structural Engineering Practice 000.215.1216). This shall be checked in the direction of
the flat side of the octagon. For footings on piles, pile uplift capacities will be checked.

Soil bearing pressure shall be checked against maximum allowable soil bearing on the
diagonal of the octagon (at the post of the octagon, rather than the flat). It is acceptable
for concrete design of the footing to use soil bearing pressure computed on the flat of the
octagon.

When total footing area is not in compression, the soil bearing pressure will be computed
using the chart for Octagonal Bases Foundation Pressures, which takes into account the
increased soil pressure due to uplift. Refer to Structural Engineering Practice
000.215.1220.

Foundations on piles should be analyzed according to Structural Engineering Practice

000.215.1232: Driven Pile Foundations.

Footing Shear
And Moment

Operating
Loads Only
The following formulae are to be used only for foundations on soil. Three formulas are
identical to those used for a circular plate, uniformly loaded, with or without a cantilever.
Refer to ACI Journal Proceedings, "Strength and Deflection of Circular Uniformly
Loaded Slab." Poissons' ratio µ is taken as 0.20 for concrete.

For maximum moment at the piers, MUp, causing bottom tension, use:

  
 2   D  0.025  
M Up =  qD  −0.075 log   + 0.025 +   1.4
  D  D   
2

  D  

For maximum moment at the center of the footing, MUc, causing top tension, use:

  
 2   D  0.025  
M Uc =  qD  −0.075 log   + 0.025 − 2  1.4
  D  D   
   D  

Structural Engineering
 Practice 000 215 1224
Publication Date13Mar00
Page 5 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

This formula for MUc is applicable for the range:

1.0 < D < 1.6

D

The moment reverses, producing tension at the bottom when:

D > 1.6
D

For values of positive and negative shearing forces, use:

 qD 
V U1 =  −  1.4
 4 

 −qD  D 
V U2 =  − D   1.4
 4 D D 

where

D = Diameter of octagon in feet

D = Diameter of pier circle in feet

q = Net soil bearing, kip/ft2

VU1 = Shearing force per unit length, inside the pier circle

VU2 = Shearing force per unit length, outside the pier circle

Note!!! The above formulae are derived for the case where there is no center pier.
However, they may be used for the case when a center pier is required because
the values of shearing force and moment are on the conservative side.

Empty And
Operating Loads In
Combination With
Lateral Loads
For foundations supported on soil or piles, the procedure described here is used to
compute the shearing force and moment values.

The footing analysis for empty or operating conditions in combination with lateral forces
is performed by transferring all pier loads and moments to the center 1'- 0" wide strip.
When making this approximation, the resulting free-body will not be exactly in balance
because of the octagonal shape of the footing. This condition is corrected by the
adjustment of vertical unit loads.

Find a fictitious soil bearing or the fictitious pile reactions for the entire footing using
factored loads.

Structural Engineering
 Practice 000 215 1224
Publication Date13Mar00
Page 6 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

Divide each load and moment by the width of the footing at that point to get unit
loads and moments.

Using these unit loads and the total soil bearing value or pile reactions, make a free
body of the 1 foot wide center strip of the footing.

Balance this free body by modifying the vertical unit loads thus:

Vertical Unit Load Modification = P ± Mc

N I

where

P = Unbalanced vertical load, kips

N = Number of vertical load lines on free body

M = Unbalanced moment about centerline of free body, foot kips

I = Moment inertia of load lines about centerline = Σ c2

c = Distance from centerline to vertical unit loads

Beam Shear and peripheral (punching) shear are checked to determine whether the
footing thickness is adequate. Maximum value of the shearing force from all the loading
cases is used to check the beam shear. The shear stresses on the critical periphery
(punching shear) surrounding the pier must be investigated as stated in ACI 318-99,
Sections 11.12.2 and 11.12.6.

Footing Reinforcing
The maximum amount of reinforcement per foot determined for top steel and bottom
steel, respectively, will be placed uniformly over the entire footing area in 2
orthogonal directions.

Care must be taken to ensure that the bottom reinforcement can be developed
between the face of the pier and the edge of the footing.

Structural Engineering
 Practice 000 215 1224
Publication Date13Mar00
Page 7 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

RECTANGULAR
HEATER
GUIDELINES

Distribution Of
Vertical And
Horizontal Loads
The distribution of vertical and horizontal loads must be provided by the heater supplier.
This load distribution is dependent on the internal structure of the heater, which dictates
how vertical and horizontal loads pass through the structure to the concrete piers.
Vertical and horizontal loads and moments should be provided (usually in tabular form) at
each pier, for each load case. The engineer should verify the reasonableness of net
overturning and base shear as well as distribution of loads from the supplier.

Mat Foundation Vs
Individual Spread
Footings
Mat foundations are commonly used to support the many columns extending below a
rectangular heater. The following 2 issues should be considered when comparing a mat
foundation to individual spread footings for each pier:

Differential settlement

- If soil conditions are such that differential settlement may occur among the
various piers, and if this settlement would damage the heater, choose a mat
foundation.

Solidity ratio

- This is the product of the area of the mat divided by the total area of all
individual spread footings. The installed unit cost (dollars per cubic yard) of
concrete for individual spread footings is about 1.5 to 2 times that of a mat
foundation. Assuming equal footing, mat thickness, and excavation costs, if the
solidity ratio is greater than 2, individual spread footings would appear to be less
expensive. This is not, however, an absolute rule but rather an aid in the
decision process.

Location Of CG
(Center Of
Gravity) Of
Mat Foundation
Generally, it is not necessary to center the mat under the CG of the heater operating loads.
Operating load soil pressures under a large mat are usually very low and, therefore,
differential settlement is negligible.

Structural Engineering
 Practice 000 215 1224
Publication Date13Mar00
Page 8 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

HEATER FOUNDATIONS

REFERENCES
ACI (American Concrete Institute) 318-99

ACI Journal Proceedings. Strength and Deflection of Circular Uniformly Loaded Slab,
Supported Between Center and Periphery. Title Number 60-18. February, 1963.

Terzaghi, K. Evaluation of Coefficients of Subgrade Reaction. Geotechnique (London),

V.5. December, 1955.

Structural Engineering
Practice 000.215.1207: Anchor Bolt Design Criteria

Structural Engineering
Practice 000.215.1215: Wind Load Calculations

Structural Engineering
Practice 000.215.1216: Earthquake Engineering

Structural Engineering
Practice 000.215.1220: Vertical Vessel Foundations

Structural Engineering
Practice 000.215.1232: Driven Pile Foundations

ATTACHMENTS
Attachment 01: (13Mar00)
Sample Design 1: Cylindrical Heater Foundation

!!! Note: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to meet the
requirements of the latest references and design codes.

Attachment 02: (13Mar00)

Sample Design 2: Rectangular Heater Foundation

!!! Note: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to meet the
requirements of the latest references and design codes.

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 1 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 2 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION

DESIGN CONDITIONS
Soil bearing: 5000 PSF @ 4'-0" below grade
Stability Ratio: ≥1.5 , 1/3 Allowable increase for wind & seismic
γ soil = 100 PCF γ conc = 150 PCF
f'c = 4000 PSI fy = 60000 PSI
Anchor Bolt Material: A-307
Wind Pressure on Concrete Columns: 40 PSF
Concrete Code: ACI 318-89
HEATER DATA (From Vendor Drawings)
Columns Exterior: (8) - W10x49 on 18'-1 18 ” circle

Exterior: Distance from heater bottom to bottom of base plate = 2" (Assume pinned at top and fixed at bottom)
Base Plates and Anchor Bolts
Exterior Columns: 1'-10" x 1'-10" x 1 12 ” w/ (4) - 1 34 ”φ A.B.'s @ 16" c\c

Interior Columns: 8 12 ”x8 12 ”x 12 ” w/ 2 - 34 ”φ A.B.’s @ 6” c.c.

Vertical Loads
Empty Exterior Columns 62.3 K each
Interior Columns 9.2 K
Total Weight 507.6 K
Operating Exterior Columns 66.3 K
Interior Columns 9.5 K
Total Weight 539.9 K

Horizontal Loads @ Bottom of Floor Beams

Wind Shear Vw = 62.9 K

Wind Moment Mw = 4654.3 K-FT

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 3 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
SOLUTION:
Horizontal Load Distribution to Exterior Columns
W10x49 Ix = 272 in4 Iy = 93.4 in4

Iz = Ix sin2 ∞ + Iy sin2 ∞ (Reference AISC 9th ED. p 6-23)

∞ = Angle between horizontal force and x-x axis of column

Moments of Inertia
∞ 1, 5 = 90 I = Ix = 2 @ 272 in4 = 544.0 in4
∞ 2, 4, 6, 8 = 45 I = (272) sin2 (45) + (93.4) cos2 (45) = 136.0 + 46.7 = 182.7 in4
I = 182.7 in4 x 4 = 730.8 in4
∞ 3, 7 = 0 I = Iy = 2 @ 93.4 in4 = 186.8 in4
Σ I = 1461.6 in4

Column Shear Distribution Vcol = H  I 

ΣI
Columns 1 & 5
V1, 5 = 62.9 K (272 / 1461.6) = 11.7 K/col
Columns 2, 4, 6 & 8
V2, 4, 6 & 8 = 62.9 K (182.7 / 1461.6) = 7.9 K/col
Columns 3 & 7
V3, 7 = 62.9 K (93.4 / 1461.6) = 4.0 K/col

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 4 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
Vertical Load Distribution P = (W / n) + (Mc / I) I = nd2 / 8 = 8 (18.1)2 / 8 = 327.6 FT2
Empty
P1, 5 = 62.3 +/- 4654.3 K-FT (9.05') / 327.6 FT2 = 62.3 +/- 128.6 = 190 K (Comp) @ P1
66.3 K (Ten) @ P5
2
P2, 4, 6, 8 = 62.3 K +/- 4654.3 K-FT (6.40') / 327.6 FT = 62.3K +/- 90.9 K = 153.2 K (Comp) @ P2, 8
28.6 K (Ten) @ P4, 6
P3, 7 = 63.3 K +/- 0.00 = 62.3 K
Operating
P1, 5 = 66.3 +/- 128.7 = 195 K (Comp) @ P1
62.4 K (Ten) @ P5
P2, 4, 6, 8 = 66.3 K +/- 91.0 K = 157.3 K (Comp) @ P2, 8
24.7 K (Ten) @ P4, 6
P3, 7 = 66.3 K +/- 0.00 = 66.3 K
Tensile and Shear Capacity in Anchor Bolt Material (Check per Practice 000.215.1207 )
Tension (with factored loads)
P5U (empty) = 0.75 (-62.3 x 1.4 + 128.6 x 1.7) x 1.3 = 98.6 K
Mu = 2' (11.7 K) x 0.75 x 1.7 = 29.8 K-FT
Tu = Pu / 4 + Mu / 2 (L) = 98.6 K / 4 + 29.8 K-FT (12"/FT) / 2 (16")
Tu = 24.7 K + 11.2 K = 35.9 K
Note: "1.3" is the load factor for special inspection
Ps = 0.9 Ab f's
Ab = Tensile Stress Area per AISC = 1.90
f's = Ultimate Tensile Strength = 60.0 KSI for A307
Ps = 0.9 x 1.90 x 60.0 = 102.6 K
Shear
Vu/bolt = 11.7 K / 4 x 1.275 x 1.3 = 3.7 K (1 34 ”φ - A307)

Vs = 0.75 Ab f's = 0.75 x 1.90 x 60.0 = 85.5 K

2 2
 P u  +  V u  ≤ 1.0 =  35.9  2 +  3.7  2 = 0.12 + 0.002 = 0.122 < 1.0 O.K.
 Ps   Vs   102.6   85.5 

USE: 4 - 1 34 ”φ A307 Anchor Bolts

Note: For Brevity, anchor bolt design with respect to concrete anchorage not shown here. See Practice
000.215.1207, "Anchor Bolt Design Criteria", for details of anchor bolt design.

Minimum Pier Size (Size requirement per Practice 000.215.1207)

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 5 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
Exterior: Minimum size = 16" c.c. + 2 (4 x 1 34 ”φ Bolts) = 32"

TRY 32" x 32" exterior pier, 14'-6" high (assuming 2'-0" footing thickness)
Wt = 2.672 x 9 x 0.15 = 9.60 K
Interior: Minimum size = 6" c.c. + 2 (4" min edge) = 14"
TRY 14" x 14" interior pier, 8'-0" high
Ultimate Load & Moment with Eccentricity
1. Column #1 (Compression)
Load Condition: Operating + Wind
P (Operating + Wind) = (66.3 K + 9.6 K) D.L. + (128.6) K W.L.
M @ Column Base = 11' (11.7 K) + 2.67' (7') (0.04 KSF) (7' / 2 + 2')
= 128.7 K-FT + 4.1 K-FT = 132.8 K-FT
w/ load factors
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (75.9 K) + 1.7 (128.6 K)) = 243.7 K
Mu = 1.275 (132.8 K-FT) = 169.3 K-FT e = 0.69' (per ACI Equation 9-2)
Pu = 0.90 (75.9 K) + 1.3 (128.6 K) = 235.5 K
Mu = 1.3 (132.8 K-FT) = 172.6 K-FT e = 0.73' (per ACI Equation 9-3)
Load Condition: Empty + Wind
P (Empty + Wind) = (62.3 K + 9.6 K) D.L. + (128.6 K) W.L.
w/ load factors
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (71.9 K) + 1.7 (128.6 K)) = 239.5 K
Mu = 169.3 K-FT e = 0.71'
Pu = 0.90 (71.9 K) + 1.3 (128.6 K) = 231.89 K
Mu = 172.6 K-FT e = 0.74'
2. Column #5 (Uplift Side)
Load Condition: Operating + Wind
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (75.9 K) - 1.7 (128.6 K)) = -84.27 K
Mu = 169.3 K-FT e = 2.01'
Pu = 0.90 (75.9 K) - 1.3 (128.6 K) = -98.87 K
Mu = 172.6 K-FT e = 1.75'
Load Condition: Empty + Wind
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (71.9 K) - 1.7 (128.6 K)) = -88.47 K
Mu = 169.3 K-FT e = 1.91'
Pu = 0.90 (71.9 K) - 1.3 (128.6 K)) = -102.47 K

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 6 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
Mu = 172.6 K-FT e = 1.68'
Design Columns Subject to Biaxial Bending (Cols 2, 4, 6, 8)
Pempty = 71.9 K +/- 90.9 K Poperating = 75.9 K +/- 90.9 K
H = 7.9 K/col @ 45° to the x-x axis of the column
Hx = 0.707 (7.9 K/col) = 5.58 K Hy = 5.58 K
Mx = My = 11' (5.58 K) = 61.4 K-FT + Wind Moment
= 61.4 K-FT + 0.707 (2.67') (7') (0.04 KSF) (7' / 2 + 2') ( 2 ) = 65.5 K-FT
3. Columns 2, 8 (Compression Side)
Load Condition: Operating + Wind
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (75.9 K) + 1.7 (90.9 K)) = 195.60 K
Mux = Muy = 65.5 K-FT (1.275) = 83.5 K-FT e = 0.43'
Pu = 0.90 (75.9 K) + 1.3 (90.9 K) = 186.5 K
Mux = Muy = 65.5 K-FT (1.3) = 85.2 K-FT e = 0.46'
Load Condition: Empty + Wind
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (71.9 K) + 1.7 (90.9 K)) = 191.40 K
Mux = Muy = 65.5 K-FT (1.275) = 83.5 K-FT e = 0.44'
Pu = 0.90 (71.9 K) + 1.3 (90.9 K) = 182.8 K
Mux = Muy = 65.5 K-FT (1.3) = 85.2 K-FT e = 0.47'
4. Columns 4, 6 (Uplift Side)
Load Condition: Operating + Wind
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (75.9 K) - 1.7 (90.9 K)) = -36.2 K
Mux = Muy = 83.5 K-FT e = 2.30'
Pu = 0.90 (75.9 K) - 1.3 (90.9 K) = -49.9 K
Mux = Muy = 85.2 K-FT e = 1.71'
Load Condition: Empty + Wind
Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (71.9 K) - 1.7 (90.9 K)) = -40.4 K
Mux = Muy = 83.5 K-FT e = 2.07'
Pu = 0.90 (71.8 K) - 1.3 (90.9 K) = -53.5 K
Mux = Muy = 85.2 K-FT e = 1.54'

Column Design

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 7 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
Note: For brevity, concrete column design not shown here.

Footing Analysis and Design

Minimum octagon size is pier circle + pier width + edge distance = (18'-1 18 ” ) + 32" + 2 (6") = 21'-9 18 ”

TRY D = 22'-0"
Minimum Thickness Criteria
1. t ≥ 12"

2. t = P.C. / 12 = 18.09' / 12 = 1.51'

3. t = (x*-b) / 3 = (6.4' - 2.69') / 3 = 1.24' *

x = 18.09 / 2 sin (360 / 8) = 6.4'

4. t must be sufficient to develop column steel

For #9 bars:

Development of standard hooks in tension (ACI 318-89, Section 12.5)

1200d b 1200x(1.128 )
l hb = = = 21.4”
fc 4000

ldh = 0.7 x 21.4" = 15.0"

t = 15.0" + 2 (1") + 3" = 20.0"

5. t must be great enough to resist shear & torsion in footing

Therefore, TRY 22'-0" octagon 2'-0" thick (A = 401.0 FT2)

Check Soil Bearing

Octagon Size: 22'-0" (2'-0" Thick)
Wt. of exterior cols = 8 x (2.67')2 x 9.0' x 0.15 KCF = 77.0 K
Wt. of interior cols = 1 x (1.17')2 x 2.5' x 0.15 KCF = 0.51 K
Wt. of footing = 401.0 FT2 x 2' x 0.15 KCF = 120.3 K
Wt. of soil above footing = 2.0 (401.0 - 8 (2.67')2 - 1 (1.17')2) x 0.10 KSF
= 2.0 (401.0 - 57.0 - 1.4) x 0.10 KCF = 68.5 K
Total Weight = 266.3 K

Heater Weights Empty = 507.6 K Operating = 539.9 K

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 8 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
Pempty = 507.6 K + 266.3 K = 774.0 K
Poperating = 539.9 K + 266.3 K = 806.2 K
Moment @ ftg base = 4654.3 K-FT + 13.0' (62.9 K) = 5472.0 K-FT

Empty + Wind
e = M / P = 5472.0 K-FT / 774.0 K = 7.07' e / D = 7.07' / 22.0' = 0.32*
*
Refer to octagon chart in Practice 000.215.1220
L = 5.15 SB = LP / A = 5.15 (774.0 K) / 401.0 FT2 = 9.94 KSF > 5.0 KSF x 1.33 = 6.65 KSF

Check Soil Bearing for 27'-0" (2'-0" thick)

Wt. of columns = 77.5 K
Wt. of footing (603.9 FT2) (2') (0.15 KCF) = 181.2 K
Wt. of soil (603.9 - 58.4) (2') (0.10 KCF) = 109.1 K
Weight of foundation = 367.8 K
Pempty = 507.6 K + 367.8 K = 875.4 K
Poperating = 539.9 K + 367.8 K = 907.7 K
Moment @ ftg base = 5472.0 K-FT
Empty
e = M / Pemp = 5472.0 K-FT / 875.4 K = 6.25' e / D = 6.25' / 27.0' = 0.23
Ldiag = 3.05 SB = LPemp / A = 3.05 (875.4 K) / 603.9 FT2 = 4.42 KSF < 5.0 KSF x 1.33 = 6.65 KSF
Operating
e = M / Poper = 5472.0 K-FT / 907.7 K = 6.03' e / D = 6.03' / 27.0' = 0.22
Ldiag = 3.05 SB = LPoper / A = 3.05 (907.7 K) / 603.9 FT2 = 4.58 KSF < 5.0 KSF x 1.33 = 6.65 KSF
Stability Check (Empty + Wind)
SR = D / 2 (e) = 27.0' / 2 (6.25') = 2.16 > 1.5 O.K.
USE: 27'-0" Octagon
Check footing thickness for punching shear (Reference ACI 318-89, Sections 11.12.2 & 11.12.6)
From column analysis (operating + wind @ column 1):
Vu = Pu = 0.75 (1.4 (66.3 K + 9.6 K) + 1.7 (128.7 K)) = 243.8 K
M @ column base = 11' (11.7 K) + 2.67' (7') (0.04 KSF) (7' / 2 + 2')
= 128.7 K-FT + 4.1 K-FT = 132.8 K-FT
Mu = 1.275 (132.8 K-FT) = 169.3 K-FT
Pier circle, PC = 18.1' Octagon diameter, D = 27'-0"

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 9 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
l = distance from edge of mat to edge of column
l = (27.0' - 18.1') / 2 - (2.67' / 2)
l = 4.5' - 1.3' = 3.2' = 38.4"
d = 24" - 3" - 1" = 20"
Perimeter a-b-c-d = 4 (c1 + d) = 4 (32" + 20") = 208.0"

Moment transfer in slab-column connections

V u γ v M u c AB
vu = ± (ACI 318-89, Section 11.12.6.2)
Ac Jc
cAB = (c1 + d) / 2 = (32" + 20") / 2 = 26"
Ac = 208.0" (d) = 208.0" (20") = 4160.0 in2
d(c 1 + d) 3 (c 1 + d)d 3 d(c 2 + d)(c 1 + d) 2
Jc = + +
6 6 2
20(52) 3 52(20) 3 20(52) 3
= + +
6 6 2
= 468,693.3 + 69,333.3 + 1,406,080.0
Jc =1.94 x 106

γv = 1 − 1 where b 1 = b 2 → γ v = 0.40
 2
1 + 3
b1
b2

vu = 243.8k ± 0.40(169.3K − FT)(12”/FT)(52”/2)  1 

4160.0in 3 1.94x10 6 in 4  0.85 

v u = (0.0586 ± 0.0109)  1  = 0.082 ≤ (0.85)4 4000 = 0.215 O.K.

0.85

Design of footing reinforcement

Operating + Wind
P = 907.7 K M = 5472.0 K-FT
Required Strength, U
1. U = 1.05 D + 1.275 W (Reference ACI 318-89, Section 9-2)
Pu = 1.05 (907.7 K) = 953.1 K
Mu = 1.275 (5472.0 K-FT) = 6976.8 K-FT
e = Mu / Pu = 6976.8 K-FT / 953.1 K = 7.30'
e / D = 7.3' / 27.0' = 0.27
Lflat = 3.72 k = 0.415
SB = L Pu / A = (3.55)(953.1 K) / 603.9 FT2 = 5.60 KSF
kD = (0.415)(27.0') = 11.2'

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Attachment 01 Page 10 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION

2. U = 0.90 D + 1.3 W
Pu = 0.90 (907.7 K) = 816.9 K
Mu = 1.3 (5472.0 K-FT) = 7113.6 K-FT
e = Mu / Pu = 7113.6 K-FT / 816.9 K = 8.70'
e / D = 8.70' / 27.0' = 0.32
Lflat = 5.15 k = 0.548
SB = L Pu / A = (5.15)(816.9 K) / 603.9 FT2 = 6.97 KSF
kD = (0.548)(27.0') = 14.8'

Empty + Wind
P = 875.4 K M = 5472.0 K-FT
Required Strength, U
1. U = 1.05 D + 1.275 W (Reference ACI 318-89, Section 9-2)
Pu = 1.05 (875.4 K) = 919.2 K
Mu = 1.275 (5472.0 K-FT) = 6976.8 K-FT
e = Mu / Pu = 6976.8 K-FT / 919.2 K = 7.60'
e / D = 7.60' / 27.0' = 0.28
Lflat = 4.00 k = 0.445
SB = L Pu / A = (4.00)(919.2 K) / 603.9 FT2 = 6.09 KSF
kD = (0.445)(27.0') = 12.0'

2. U = 0.90 D + 1.3 W
Pu = 0.90 (875.4 K) = 787.9 K
Mu = 1.3 (5472.0 K-FT) = 7113.6 K-FT
e = Mu / Pu = 7113.6 K-FT / 787.9 K = 9.03'
e / D = 9.03' / 27.0' = 0.33
Lflat = 5.60 k = 0.573
SB = L Pu / A = (5.60)(787.9 K) / 603.9 FT2 = 7.30 KSF
kD = (0.573)(27.0') = 15.5
Consider Empty + Wind
Distributed load due to soil and footing
0.9 P / A = 0.9 (181.2 K + 109.1 K) / 603.9 FT2' = 0.43 KSF

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meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 11 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
Evaluation of unit loads
U = 0.9 D + 1.3 W
0.9(62.3K + 9.6K) + 1.3(128.7K) 64.7 + 167.3
P1 = = = 11.6K
20.0 20.0
2[0.9(71.9K) + 1.3(90.9K)] 2(64.71 + 118.17)
P2 = P7 = = = 14.1K
26.0 26.0
2(0.9)(71.9K) + 0.9(9.2K + 1.6K)
P 3,7 & Int Col= =
27.0

= 129.42 + 9.72 = 5.15K

27.0

2[0.9(71.9K) − 1.3(90.9K)] 129.42 − 118.17K

P 4,6 = = = 0.43K
26.0 26.0
0.9(71.9K) − 1.3(128.6K) 64.71 − 167.31
P5 = = = −5.13K
20.0 20.0
(1.3)(11.7K/col)(13.0 )
M1 = = 9.90K /ft
20.0
(1.3)(2)(7.9K)(13.0 )
M 2,8 = = 10.30K /ft
26.0
(1.3)(2)(4.0)(13.0 )
M 3,7 = = 5.01K /ft
27.0
M 4,6 = 10.30K /ft
M 5 = 9.90K /ft
Evaluation of unbalanced loads & moments
Σ P = S.B.(↑)−soil / ftg. load(↓)−col. loads(↓)+col. loads(↑)
Σ P = 12 (7.3)(27.0 − 15.5 ) − 0.43(27.0 ) − 11.6K − 14.1K − 5.15K + 0.43K + 5.13K
Σ P = 42.0K − 11.6K − 25.3K
Σ P = 5.10K
Take Σ M about centerline (clockwise = positive moment)

Σ M = 42.0K  27.0
2
− 11.5  − (11.6K + 5.13K)(9.05 ) −(14.1K + 0.43K)(6.40 ) − 2(9.9K ) − 2(10.3K ) − 5.01K
3
Σ M = 406.0 − 151.4 − 93.0 − 19.8 − 20.6 − 5.01
Σ M = 116.19K

Load Modification ( P ± Mc )
N I
P = Unbalanced vertical load
N = Number of load lines

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Attachment 01 Page 12 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
M = Unbalanced moment
I = Σ c2 c=Distance from N.A. to load line
I = Σ c 2 = 2(9.05 ) 2 + 2(6.4 ) 2 = 245.7
(116.19)(9.05)
@column line 1. = 5.1 + = 1.02 + 4.28 = 5.30K
5 245.7
(116.19)(6.4 )
2. = 1.02 + = 4.05K
245.7
3. = 1.02K
4. = 1.02 − 3.03 = −2.01K
5. = 1.02 − 4.28 = −3.26K
Unit load = 11.6 14.1 5.2 0.43 5.13
Modification = 5.3 4.05 1.02 2.01 3.26
Final load= 16.9 18.2 6.2 2.4 8.4

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Attachment 01 Page 13 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION

Check Σ Vertical Forces

42.0K - 0.43KLF(27.0') - 16.9 - 18.2 - 6.2 + 2.4 + 8.4 = 0.00 O.K.
Check Σ Moment @ centerline of mat (clockwise = positive)

42.0K  27.0
2
− 11.5 
3 
− 9.9K − 10.3K − 5.01K − 10.3K − 9.9K − 9.05(16.9 + 8.4) − 6.4(18.2 + 2.4)

Σ M = 406.0K − 45.4 − 228.97 − 131.84 ≈ 0.00 O.K.

Shear (Kips) Moment (Kip-FT) Point

Section
A-B (4.48 - 0.43) (4.45) = 18.02 x 4.45 x 1/2 = 40.10
(7.30-4.48) (4.45)(1/2) = 6.27 x 4.45 x 2/3 = 18.60
24.30 58.70
-16.90 -9.90 B
7.40 48.80
x 2.65 = 19.61

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meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 14 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
B-C (2.79 - 0.43)(2.65) = 6.30 x 2.65 x 1/2 = 8.30
(4.48-2.79)(2.65)(1/2) = 2.20 x 2.65 x 2/3 = 3.89
15.90 80.60
-18.20 -10.30 C
-2.30 70.30
x 4.40 = -10.12
C - D1 (-0.43)(4.40) = -1.89 x 4.40 x 1/2 = -4.16
(2.79)(4.40)(1/2) = 6.14 x 4.40 x 2/3 = 18.02
1.95 74.04
x 2.0 3.90
D1 - D (-0.43)(2) = -0.86 x 2.0 x 1/2 = -0.86
1.09 77.08
-6.20 -5.01 D
-5.11 72.07
x 6.4' = -32.70
D-E (-0.43)(6.4) = -2.75 x 6.4 x 1/2 = -8.80
-7.86 30.57
2.40 -10.30 E
-5.46 20.27
x 2.65' = -14.46
E-F (-0.43)(2.65) -1.14 x 2.65 x 1/2 = -1.51
-6.60 4.30
8.40 -9.90 F
1.80 -5.60
x 4.45 = 8.01
F-G (-0.43)(4.45) = -1.91 x 4.45 x 1/2 = -4.25
-0.11 ← Closure Error → -1.84

Maximum moments (top & bottom)

M @ "R" = 80.6 K-FT (Bottom tension)
M @ "T" = 77.1 K-FT (Bottom tension)
M @ "V" = -5.60 K-FT (Top tension)
Location of point "S"
-2.30 - (0.43)x + x [2.79 + (2.79 - 0.63x)] 1/2 = 0
-2.30 - 0.43x + 1.40x + 1.40x - 0.315x2 = 0
-2.30 + 2.37x - 0.315x2 = 0

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Attachment 01 Page 15 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
2.37 ± 5.62 − 2.90
x= = 2.37 ± 1.65 = 6.38 or 1.14 x = 1.14'
0.63 0.63
Find moment @ point "S"

M s = (2.07 − 0.43)(4.45 + 2.65 + 1.14) 2  12  +  12   23  (5.23KLF)(8.24 ) 2

−9.9K − 10.3K − 3.79 (16.9K) − 1.14 (18.2K)

M s = 55.7 + 118.4 − 20.2 − 64.1 − 20.7 = 69.1K − FT (Bottom tension)
Moments from Operating loads only
Maximum moment causing top tension in the center og footing is given by:
 2

M c = qD 2 −0.075Log  DD  + 0.025 − 0.025/  DD  D = 27.0' D' = 18.1'
 
D / D' = 27.0 / 18.1 = 1.50 < 1.60 Therefore, Formula is applicable
Calculation of q = net soil bearing
Operating heater weight = 8 x 66.3K + 9.5K = 539.9K
Net weight of foundationColumns above grade 8(7')(2.67')2(0.150) = 59.9K
(0.5')(1.167')2(0.150) = 0.10K
Columns below grade (2')(2.67')2(0.05)(8) = 5.70K
(2')(1.167')2(0.05) = 0.14K
(2')(603.9FT2)(0.05) = 60.4K
126.2K
Net soil pressure
q u = 1.4(539.9K + 126.2K)/603.9FT 2 = 1.54KSF
M uc = 1.54(27.0 )  −0.075Log(1.50) + 0.025 − 0.025/(1.50) 2  = 1122.7(−0.0132 + 0.025 − 0.011)

M uc = 0.90K − FT (Top tension @ center)

M up = 1122.7(−0.0132 + 0.025 − 0.011)
M up = 25.6K − FT (Bottom tension @ pier)
Critical design moments for sizing rebar:
Mu = 80.60 K-FT (Bottom tension)
Mu = 5.60 K-FT (Top tension)

Top reinforcement

Mu = 5.60 K-FT d ≈ 24" - 2" - 1.5" = 20.5"

Ku = Mu / F = 5.60 / 0.42 = 9.76 F = d2 / 1000 = 0.42

au = 4.45 → As = Mu / aud = 5.60 / (4.45)(20.5) = 0.061 in2/FT

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Attachment 01 Page 16 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
ρ min = 200 = 200 = 0.0033 Asmin = 0.068 in2/FT (minimum)
fy 60000

4/3 As = 4/3 (0.061) = 0.082 in2/FT ← Governs

Bottom reinforcement

Mu = 80.60 K-FT d ≈ 24" - 3" - 1.5" = 19.5"

Ku = Mu / F = 80.60 / 0.38 = 212.1 F = d2 / 1000 = 0.38

au = 4.33 → As = Mu / aud = 80.60 / (4.33)(19.5) = 0.95 in2/FT

Check unbalanced moment transferred to column (Reference ACI 318-89, Section 13.3.3.2)

γf = 1 b1 = b2 = 0.60
2 b1
1+ 3 b2

60% of the column moment is considered to be transferred by flexure and is resisted by flexural
reinforcement within a width of 32" + 2(1.5)(24") = 104"
Mu = 261.7 K-FT (From column analysis)
2 (104)(19.5) 2
F = bd = = 3.3
12000 12000 au = 4.45
M u (0.6)(261.7)
Ku = = = 47.6
F 3.30
Mu 157.0
As = = = 1.81in 2
a u d (4.45)(19.5)

1.81in 2  12”  = 0.21in 2 /FT

104”

4
A
3 s
= 1.33(0.21in 2 /FT) = 0.28in 2 /FT Governs

Footing steel summary

Bottom Rebar 0.95 in2/FT USE: #8 @ 10" o.c. As = 0.95 in2/FT
Top Rebar 0.082 in2/FT USE: #5 @ 12" o.c. As = 0.31 in2/FT

Check beam shear

Empty + Wind Vu = 24.3 K
Operating loads only case
qD (1.54)(18.1 )
Shear inside pier circle: V u1 = − =− = 7.0KLF
4 4
qD   D (1.54)(27.0)  18.1 27.0 
Shear outside pier circle: V u2 =  − − D  =−  27.0 − 18.1 
 4  D D  4
= -10.4 (0.67 - 1.50) = 8.60 KLF

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meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 01 Page 17 of 17

FLUOR DANIEL
SAMPLE DESIGN
1: CYLINDRICAL HEATER FOUNDATION
Vu 24.3K
vu = = = 0.122KSI ≤ 2 f c = 2 4000 = 0.126KSI
0.85bd 0.85(12)(19.5)
(Punching shear O.K. from previous analysis)

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Attachment 02 Page 1 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

SAMPLE DESIGN

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Attachment 02 Page 2 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

SAMPLE DESIGN


This is a partial sample computation to show only the mat analysis for shear and moment. Shown is the analysis in
the Longitudinal (x-y) direction. In actual practice, a similar analysis is required in the transverse (z-t) direction.
DESIGN DATA:
f'c = 4000 PSI fy = 60000 PSI (Deformed bars)
Net soil pressure = 4000 PSF (w/ 1/3 increase for wind or seismic)
Unit Wt. of soil = 100 PCF
Seismic = Zone 3 (Refer to 88 UBC)
Wind = 80 mph @ 30'-0" (Refer to 88 UBC)
Column loadings table (vertical & lateral) are per Vendor's "Fired Heater Loading Outline"

Given: Seismic governs over wind Sign Convention (+↓ −↑)

Column Gravity Loads Loads @ Top of piers due to seismic @ operating condition
No. Empty Wt. Oper. Wt.
X-Y Z-T @ 45°
V H V H V H
B1, F1 12K 38K +/- 23K 11K +/- 30K 10K +/- 32K 10K
A2, G2 18K 46K ----- 4K +/- 11K 9K +/- 6K 6K
A5, G5 18K 46K ----- 4K +/- 11K 9K +/- 6K 6K
B6, F6 12K 31K +/- 23K 10K +/- 30K 10K +/- 32K 10K
C1, C6 14K 48K +/- 13K 6K +/- 4K 3K +/- 7K 5K
C3, C4 3K 13K ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
D1, D6 33K 121K ----- 6K +/- 4K 3K +/- 7K 5K
D3, D4 4K 20K ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
E1, E6 24K 96K +/- 13K 6K +/- 4K 3K +/- 7K 5K
E3, E4 3K 13K ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Summation 141K x 2 472K x 2 47K x 2 47K x 2 47K x 2
= 282 K = 944 K = 94 K = 94 K = 94 K

Given (cont'd): All seismic forces resisted by exterior columns only

Operating load per wall = 119 K
Empty load per wall = 24 K
Total operating weight = 944 + 2 x 119 = 1182 K
Total empty weight = 282 + 2 x 24 = 330 K

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Attachment 02 Page 3 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

SAMPLE DESIGN

SOLUTION:
Pier and foundation dead loads
Exterior Piers: (22 / 12)2 x 7.83' x 0.150 KCF = 3.95 K x 0.10 = 39.5 K
Interior Piers: (14 / 12)2 x 7.83' x 0.150 KCF = 1.60 K x 2.0 = 3.20 K
2
Walls: (22.5 / 12) x 7.83' x 0.150 KCF = 2.20 KLF x 31.5 x 2 = 138.6 K
Mat: 34.0' x 50.0' x 2' x 0.150 KCF = 510.0 K
Soil: 2 x (1700 - 3.36 x 10 - 1.36 x 2 - (1.875 x 31.5 x 2)) x 0.10 = 309.1 K
1000.4 K
C.G. foundation relative to centerline (x-y direction)
69.3 x 13.0 = 900.9 K
2 x 3.95 x 11.5 = -90.9 K
2 x 1.60 x 11.5 = -36.8 K
773.2 K 773.2 / 1000.4 = 0.77'
C.G. heater (operating) relative to centerline (x-y direction)
(119 + (13 + 96) x 2) x 13 = 4381
(48 + 13) x 2 x 11.5 = -1403
2978 K 2978 / 1182 = 2.52'
Combined C.G. (operating) relative to centerline (x-y direction)
(773.2 + 2978) / (1000.4 + 1182) = 1.70' → (of centerline)

Mat analysis
Analyze strip @ column line "1" in x-y direction for operating + seismic condition
Strip width = 2.17' + 1/2 (9.646') = 7.00'
Calculate "ficticious" soil bearing (operating + dead) w/ load factors (U = 1.05 D + 1.4 E)
Operating + Dead = (1182 + 1000.4) x 1.05 = 2291.5 K = Σ P
Operating + Dead OTM = 2291.5 x 1.7 = 3895.6 K-FT
Seismic OTM = 23.0 x 4 x 22.58 = 2077.4
13 x 2 x 11.5 = 299.0
13 x 2 x 13.0 = 338.0
9.4 x 9.83 = 924.0
3638.4 x 1.4 = 5093.8 K-FT
8989.4 K-FT = Σ OTM
6(8989.4)
SB u = 2291.5 ± = 1.35 ± 0.63
(34 )(50 ) (34 )(50 ) 2

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Attachment 02 Page 4 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

SAMPLE DESIGN

SBu = 1.98 x 7.0' = 13.86 K / FT

SBu = 0.72 x 7.0' = 5.04 K / FT
Factored loads on 7' strip
Col Line Dead x Load Factor + Seismic x Load Factor= Pu
B (38 + 3.95) x 1.05 + (-23) x 1.4 = 11.8 K
C (48 + 3.95) x 1.05 + (-13) x 1.4 = 37.4 K
D (121 + 119/31.5 x 5.7 + 2.2 x 5.7) x 1.05 + (0) x 1.4 = 162.8 K
E (96 + 119/31.5 x 5.7 + 2.2 x 5.7) x 1.05 + (13) x 1.4 = 154.8 K
F (38 + 3.95) x 1.05 + (23) x 1.4 = 76.2 K
Summation = 443.0 K
@ B1 & F1 Mu = 11.0 x 9.83 x 1.4 = 151.4 K-FT
@ C1, D1 & E1 Mu = 6 x 9.83 x 1.4 = 82.6 K-FT

Mat = 510 + 309.1 (7.0 )(1.05) = 3.54 K / FT

(34)(50)
Evaluation of unbalanced loads & moments (7' strip)

P = (13.86 + 5.04) x 1/2 x 50 - 3.54 x 50 - 443.0 = -147.5 K ↓ (Unbalanced Load)

M= (76.2 - 11.8) x 22.58 = 1454.2 K-FT
154.8 x 13 = 2012.4 K-FT
-37.4 x 11.5 = -430.1 K-FT
151.4 x 2 + 82.6 x 3 = 550.6 K-FT
-(13.86 - 5.04) x 50 x 1/2 x 50 x 1/6 = -1837.5 K-FT
1749.6 K-FT (Unbalanced Moment)
2 2 2
I = 2 x 22.58 + 11.5 + 13 = 1321

Modification = P ↑ ± Mc M = 1749.6 = 1.325

N I I 1321
Col. Line P/N Mc / I Net
B -147.5 / 5 = -29.5 1.325 x 22.58 = 29.9 0.4
C -29.5 1.325 x 11.5 = 15.2 -14.3
D -29.5 -29.5
E -29.5 1.325 x (-13.0) = -17.2 -46.7
F -29.5 1.325 x (-22.58) = -29.9 -59.4

Check Σ moments @ right edge of mat

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Attachment 02 Page 5 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

SAMPLE DESIGN

Modified Pu
11.8 + 0.4 = 12.20 x 47.58 = 580.50
37.4 - 14.3 = 23.10 x 36.50 = 843.20
162.8 - 29.5 = 133.30 x 25.00 = 3332.50
154.8 - 46.7 = 108.10 x 12.00 = 1297.20
76.2 - 59.4 = 16.80 x 2.42 = 40.70
6094.1 K-FT

(5.04 - 3.54) x 50 x 50/2 = 1875.0 K-FT

(13.86 - 5.04) x 50/2 x 1/3 x 50 = 3675.0 K-FT
ΣM s = 550.6 K-FT

6100.6 K-FT ∆ = 6100.6 - 6094.1 = 6.5

(6.5 / 6094.6) x 100% = 0.10% << 5.0% O.K.

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 02 Page 6 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

SAMPLE DESIGN

Section Shear (Kips) Moment (Kip-FT) Point

Structural Engineering
NOTE: Calculations for this attachment have not been updated to Practice 000 215 1224
meet the requirements of the latest references and design codes. Publication Date 13Mar00
Attachment 02 Page 7 of 8

FLUOR DANIEL

SAMPLE DESIGN

B1 - B (5.04 - 3.54) (2.42) = 3.63 x 2.42 x 1/2 = 4.39

(5.47 - 5.04) (2.42)(1/2) = 0.52 x 2.42 x 1/3 = 0.42
4.15 4.81
-12.20 151.40 B
-8.05 156.21
x 11.08 = -89.19
B-C (5.47 - 3.54)(11.08) = 21.38 x 11.08 x 1/2 = 118.47
(7.42-5.47)(11.08)(1/2) = 10.80 x 11.08 x 1/3 = 39.90
24.13 225.39
-23.10 82.60 C
1.03 307.99
x 11.5 = 11.85
C-D (7.42 - 3.54) x 11.5 = 44.62 x 11.5 x 1/2 = 256.57
(9.45 - 7.42)(11.5)(1/2) = 11.67 x 11.5 x 1/3 = 44.74
57.32 621.15
-133.30 82.60 D
-75.98 703.75
x 13.0 = -987.74
D-E (9.45 - 3.54) x 13.0 = 76.83 x 13.0 x 1/2 = 499.40
(11.74 - 9.45)(13.0)(1/2)= 14.89 x 13.0 x 1/3 = 64.52
15.74 279.93
-108.10 82.60 E
-92.36 362.53
x 9.58 = -884.81
E-F (11.74 - 3.54) x 9.58 = 78.56 x 9.58 x 1/2 = 376.28
(13.43 - 11.74)(9.58)(1/2)= 8.10 x 9.58 x 1/3 = 25.87
-5.70 -120.13
-16.80 151.40 F
-22.50 31.27
x 2.42 = -54.45
F - F1 (13.43 - 3.54) x 2.42 = 23.93 x 2.42 x 1/2 = 28.96
(13.86 - 13.43)(2.42)(1/2)= 0.52 x 2.42 x 1/3 = 0.42
1.95 ← Closure Error → 6.20
For design in x-y direction +(Mu) max = 703.75 K-FT (For bottom reinforcement)
-(Mu) max = 120.60 K-FT (For top reinforcement)
(Vu) max = 92.36 K

Structural Engineering