ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

ELLIPSE
W.E-2 :The length of latusrectum of the ellipse
SYNOPSIS
9 x 2  25 y 2  18 x  100 y  116  0 is
Ellipse: Sol: Standard form of given ellipse
 A conic is said to be an ellipse if its eccentricity is 2 2
 x  1  y  2
less than 1  0  e  1  1
25 9
 A second degree non-homogeneous equation
a 2  25  a  5, b 2  9  b  3 , a  b
ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 represents an
ellipse if h 2  ab  0 and   0 2b 2 29 18
length of latusrectum=  
a 5 5
x2 y2
 Standard equation of the ellipse is   1 .If
Focal Distance :
a2 b2
 The distance of a point ‘P’ on the ellipse
ab
x2 y2
  1 from its focus ‘S’ is called the focal
a 2 b2
Z1 A1 A Z distance.
S 1 C S  Let ‘P’ be any point on the ellipse and S,S1 are
foci then SP + S1P = 2a(a>b). Where SP, S1P are
called focal distances of P.
i.e sum of the focal distances is equal to length of
W.E-1: If A, A1 are the vertices, S , S 1 are the foci the major axis.
and Z , Z 1 are the feet of the directrices of an
  x2 y 2
W.E-3: P   is a point on ellipse   1 and
x2 y 2 6   36 9
ellipse 2  2  1 a  b  with centre C then
a b S and S are the foci of the ellipse. Then
1

CS, CA, CZ are in

SP  S 1 P 
x2 y 2
Sol: ellipse   1 a  b  x2 y 2
a2 b2 Sol:  1
36 9
a
CS  ae, CA  a, CZ 
e a 2  36  a  6, b 2  9  b  3
2
 CA    CS  CZ   CS, CA, CZ are in G.P
 a  b  , SP  S 1P  2a  2  6   12
 Focal Chord : A chord passing through either of
 If P  x1 , y1  is a point on the ellipse
the foci of the ellipse is called focal chord.
 Double Ordinate : A chord passing through a x2 y2
  1,  a  b  then the focal distances
point ‘P’ on the ellipse perpendicular to the major a2 b2
axis (PrincipalAxis) of the ellipse is called the double
SP  a  ex1 , S 1P  a  ex1
ordinate of the point ‘P’.
Note: The focal distances of the ellipse
 Latusrectum: A focal chord of an ellipse
perpendicular to the major axis (Principal Axis) of x2 y2
  1  a  b  are b  ey1
the ellipse is called Latusrectum. a 2 b2

108 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

e (0,0)

ae

on ellipse

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 109

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

 If PSP1 is the focal chord of the ellipse and SL be W.E-8: If S and S1 are the foci of the ellipse
1 1 2 x2 y 2
the semi latusrectum then  1    1 and P is any point on it then the
SP S P SL 25 16
(The semilatusrectum is the hormonic mean of the
segments of the focal chord) range of SP  S 1 P is
W.E-4: Ratio of the greatest and least focal
Sol: Let P  5cos , 4sin   be any point on the ellipse
distances of a point on the ellipse
4 x 2  9 y 2  36 is Then SP  5  5e cos  and S 1 P  5  5e cos 
x2 y 2  SP  S 1 P  25  25e 2 cos 2   16  9 sin 2 
Sol: Ellipse   1  a  b
9 4  3
 e  
a 2  b2 94 5  5
a 2  9, b 2  4, e  2
 
a 9 3 16  9sin 2   f () (say)  16  f ()  25
5 5
Ratio = 1  e :1  e = 1  :1  x2 y2 x x1 y y1
3 3 Notation : S    1 ; S1  2
 1
a 2
b 2
a b2
= 3 5 :3 5
2 2
x 1 x2 y1 y 2 x1 y1
W.E-5 :The distances from the foci of the point S12    1 ; S11   1
a2 b2 a2 b2
x2 y2
P  x1 , y1  on the ellipse   1 are  Position of a point : Let P  x1 , y1  be a point
16 9
x2 y 2 and S = 0 is an ellipse. P lies on the ellipse iff S11  0
Sol: Given ellipse   1 , a2=16, b2=9
16 9 P lies inside the ellipse iff S11  0
2 2
a b 7 7
e 2
  a  b P lies outside the ellipse iff S11  0
a 16 4
 Eccentric Angle : Let P (x,y) be a point on the
the focal distances  a  ex1  4  7 x1 ellipse with centre C. let N be the foot of the
4
perpendicular of P on the major axis. Let NP meets
W.E-6: If PSQ is a focal chord of the ellipse
the auxiliary circle at P1. Then NCP1 is called
16 x 2  25 y 2  400 such that SP=8, then SQ=
eccentric angle of P. The point P1 is called
x2 y 2
Sol: Given ellipse   1,  a  b  corresponding point of P and its range is[0, 2 )
25 16
 If a circle cuts an ellipse in four distinct points then
1 1 2
  the sum of their eccentric angles is an even multiple
SP SQ SL
of  radians, i.e., 1   2   3   4  2n
1 1 2a 1 1 2(5)
  2    SQ = 2
SP SQ b 8 SQ 16   S, S1 are the foci of an ellipse, then the normal at
any point P on the ellipse is the internal angular
W.E-7 : If p,q are the segments of a focal chord of
bisector of S P S and tangent at P is external
an ellipse b 2 x 2  a 2 y 2  a 2b 2 , then condition
is angular bisector of S PS
Sol: If PSQ is a focal chord of ellipse then  At most four normals can be drawn from a point to
1 1 2 1 1 2a the ellipse and the sum of the eccentric angles of
     2
SP SQ SL p q b the feet of the normals to an ellipse through a point
p  q 2a is an odd mult iple of  radians, i.e.,
  2  b2  p  q   2a pq
pq b 1   2   3   4  (2n  1)

110 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

 Parametric Coordinates : W.E-10 : If the chord through the points whose

are called paramet ric
x  a cos  ; y  b sin  eccentric angles are  and  on the ellipse
equations of the ellipse S = 0. ‘  ’ is parameter x2 y 2
  1 passes through a focus, then the
and   [0, 2 ) 25 9
 Any point on the ellipse S = 0 is (a cos  , b sin  ) and  
value of tan   tan   is
it is called point  . 2  2
Sol: The equation of the line joining  and  is
Note: If centre is  h, k  then any point
x   y   
p =  h  a cos  , k  b sin  
cos    sin    cos  
5  2  3  2   2 
 Equation of the Chord : Equation of the chord If it passes through the point (4, 0), then
joining the points ‘  ’ and ‘  ’ on the ellipse S = 4   
cos    cos  
5  2   2 
x      y        
0 is cos    sin    cos  
a  2  b  2   2  cos 
4 
   2 
W.E-9: If the chord joining points P    and 5  
cos  
 2 
x2 y2
Q   on the ellipse 2  2  1 subtends a By componendo and dividendo
a b
right angle at the vertex A(a,0), then   
cos    cos  
45  2   2 
   
tan   tan   is 45   
2 2
cos    cos  
 2   2 
Sol: mAP  mQA  1  
9 2cos 2 cos 2   1
b sin  b sin   
   1 1 2sin  sin   tan 2 tan 2   9
a cos   a a cos   a 2 2
If it passes through the point (-4, 0),
  b 2
 tan tan  2  
2 2 a then tan tan  9
2 2
 If  ,  are the eccentric angles of the extremities
of a focal chord (through S(ae, 0)) of an ellipse S  Position of a line w.r.t an ellipse :
= 0 (a>b), then x2 y2
Consider the ellipse 2  2  1 ....(1)
        a b
 cos    e cos   and the line y  mx  c ....(2)
 2   2 
Eliminating y from (1) & (2) we get
  e 1 2
 Tan Tan
2

2 e 1
x 2  mx  c 
 1
a2 b2
 If the chord joining the points  and  on the
ellipse S = 0 cuts the major axis at a distance ‘d’  b 2 x 2  a 2  m 2 x 2  c 2  2mcx   a 2 b 2

  d a   a2 m2  b2  x2  2a 2 mcx  a 2  c2  b2   0
units from the centre then Tan Tan 
2 2 d a . ...(3)

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 111

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

Equation (3) is a quadratic equation in x. The roots  Two tangents can be drawn to an ellipse from an
(say x1 and x2 ) are real and distinct, coincident or external point.
imaginary according as the discriminant of equation x2 y2
(3) is positive, zero or negative respectively.  If y = mx + c is a tangent to the ellipse  1
a2 b2
Discriminent of (3) is
then the condition is c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2 and point of
  4a 4 m 2c 2  4  a 2 m 2  b 2  a 2  c 2  b 2 
 a 2m b2 
 4a b  a 2 m2  b 2  c 2 
2 2
contact is   c , c 
 
  0  c 2  a 2m2  b2 ; W.E-12 : The line 2 x  3 y  12 touches the ellipse
2 2 2 2
 0c  a m b
x2 y 2
  0  c2  a 2 m2  b2   2 at the point is
9 4
 The line y  mx  c
i) intersects the ellipse (1) if c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2 Sol: Given line 2 x  3 y  12
ii) touches the ellipse (1) if c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2 2 x 2
 y  4, m  ,c  4
iii) doesnot meet the ellipse (1) if c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2 3 3
x2 y 2
Given ellipse   1, a 2  18, b 2  8
18 8

 Tangent of an ellipse: Equation of the tangent  a2 m b2 

point of contact    ,    3, 2 
x x1 y y1  c c 
to the ellipse S = 0 at ( x1 , y1 ) is 2
 1
a b2 W.E-13: A variable tangent to the circle
(i.e. S1  0)
x2 y2
 Equation of any tangent to the ellipse S = 0 is x 2  y 2  1 intersects the ellipse  1
4 2
y  mx  a 2 m 2  b 2 , where m is slope of the at points P and Q. The locus of the point of
tangent. intersection of tangents to the ellipse P and Q
W.E-11 : The sum of the squares of the i s an ot h er el l i pse. I f e1 and e 2 are the
perpendiculars on any tangent to the ellipse eccentricities of the two ellipses then e1 e2 is
x2 y2 equal to
  1 from two points on the minor axis Sol: Equation of a tangent to the circle is
a 2 b2
x cos   y sin   1
each at a distance a 2  b 2 from the centre is
If (h, k) be a point in the locus, the equation of PQ
Sol: The points on the minor axis, at a distance of
is hx + 2ky = 4
a 2  b 2  ae from the centre are  0, ae  . As the two equations represent the same line
Lengths of the perpendiculars from  0, ae  to h  4 cos , k  2 sin 

the tangent y  mx  a 2 m 2  b 2 are x2 y2

Locus of (h, k) is  1
16 4
ae  a 2 m 2  b2 ae  a 2 m 2  b 2
and 42 16  4
2 2 e1  , e2 
1 m 1 m 4 16
Sum of their squares is
1 3 3
2 a2e2  a2m2  b2  2 a e  a m  a 1 e 
2 2 2 2 2 2
e1e2  . 
  2a 2 2 2 2 2
1 m2 1 m2

112 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

W.E-14: Minimum area of the triangle by any Distance of focus S1(-ae, 0) from this tangent is
x2 y2 1  e cos 
tangent to the ellipse   1 with the d2  d 1  e cos 
a2 b2 cos 2  sin 2   1 
 d 2 1  e cos 
coordinate axes is a2 b2
Sol: Equation of tangent at  a cos , b sin   is Now SP  a  ae cos  and S 1 P  a  ae cos 
x y SP 1  e cos   SP  d1
cos   sin   1  
a b S 1 P 1  e cos  S 1P d 2
 a   Equation of tangent to the ellipse
 Coordinates of P and Q are  cos  , 0  and
  2 2
 x   
 y    1 having slope ‘m’ is
 b  a2 b2
 0,  respectively..
 sin  
y    m  x     a 2 m2  b2
1 a b ab  Equation of the chord of contact of (x1, y1) to the
 Area of OPQ  2 cos   sin   sin 2
ellipse S=0 is S1 = 0
 Minimum area = ab W.E-16 : If the chords of contact of tangents from
 max .of sin 2  1 two points  x1 , y1  and  x2 , y2  to the ellipse
 If lx  my  n  0 is a tangent to the ellipse x2 y2 x1 x2
  1 are at right angles, then
x2 y2 a 2 b2 y1 y2 is
 1 then the condition is a 2 l 2  b 2 m 2  n 2
a2 b2 equal to

  a 2l b 2 m  xx1 yy1
Sol: Chords of contact are   1 and
and point of contact is  n , n  a 2 b2
 
xx2 yy2
 Equation of the tangent at  to the ellipse S = 0  2  1 ; Product of slopes = -1
a2 b
x y
is cos   sin   1
a b  x b 2  x b 2  xx a4
   12 .   22 .   1  1 2   4
W.E-15: Let d 1 and d2 be the lengths of the  a y1  a y2  y1 y2 b
perpendiculars drawn from foci S and S1 of
 The equation of the chord of the ellipse S=0 having
x2 y2
the ellipse 2  2  1 to the tangent at any  x1 , y1  as its mid point is S1  S11
a b
point P on the ellipse. Then SP : S1P =  The mid point of the chord lx  my  n  0 of the

Sol: Tangent at P  a cos , b sin   is x2 y2

ellipse   1 is
a 2 b2
x y
cos   sin   1
a b  a 2ln b 2 mn 
 22 , 2 2 
Distance of focus S(ae, 0) from this tangent is 2 2 2 2
 a l b m a l b m 
 The area of an ellipse S=0 is ab sq.units
e cos   1 1  e cos   The maximum area of a rectangle that can be
d1  
cos 2  sin 2  cos 2  sin 2  inscribed in the ellipse S=0 is 2ab sq.units and the
 
a2 b2 a2 b2 sides are a 2, b 2 .

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 113

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

 The product of the perpendiculars drawn from the W.E-19 : Tangents are drawn from the point P(3,
foci on any tangent of the ellipse
x2 y 2
x 2
y 2 4) to the ellipse   1 touching the
+ = 1 is b 2 (if a>b), is a 2 (if a<b) 9 4
a2 b2 ellipse at A and B. The equation of the locus
 The locus of the foot of the perpendicular drawn of the point whose distances from the point P
from the centre upon any tangent to the ellipse and the line AB are equal, is
x2 y2 Sol: AB being the chord of contact of the ellipse from
2
2
+ 2
= 1 is  x 2  y 2   a 2 x 2  b 2 y 2 P(3, 4) has its equation is S1  0
a b
 Pair of tangents and their chord of contact 3x 4 y
: If m1 & m2 are the slopes of tangents to the ellipse    1 x  3y  3
9 4
S = 0 drawn from (x1, y1) then m1 & m2 are If (h, k) is any point on the locus, then
satisfying the equation
( x1 2  a 2 )m 2  2 x1 y1 m  ( y1 2  b 2 )  0 and 2 2 h  3k  3
 h  3   k  4  
2 1 9
2 x1 y1 y1  b 2
 m1 + m2 = x 2  a 2 and m1 m2 = 2 2 2
1 x1  a  10  h 2  k 2  6h  8k  25    h  3k  3
2ab S11 Locus of (h, k) is
 m1 - m2 = 2 2
x1  a 9 x 2  y 2  6 xy  54 x  62 y  241  0
W.E-17: If m1 , m2 be the slopes of the two tangentss Director Circle & Auxiliary Circle
drawn from 1, 2  to the ellipse 2 x 2  3 y 2  6 , Director Circle : The locus of point of intersection
of perpendicular tangents to an ellipse is a circle
then m1  m2 
concentric with the ellipse. This circle is called
x2 y 2 director circle of the ellipse.
Sol: Ellipse   1 a  b  ,  x1 , y1   1, 2 
3 2  Equation of the Director circle of the ellipse
2x y S = 0 is x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2
m1  m2  2 1 12  2
x1  a
 If  is the acute angle between the tangents, drawn W.E-20: Number of points on the ellipse
from (x 1, y1) to the ellipse S = 0, then
2ab S11 x2 y 2
Tan    1 from which pair of perpendicular
x1 2  y1 2  a 2  b 2 50 20
 The equation of the pair of tangents to the ellipse x2 y2
tangents are drawn to the ellipse  1
S=0 from  x1 , y1  is S12  S .S11 16 9
W.E-18: The equation of the pair of tangents is
drawn from the point (1, 2) to the ellipse
x2 y 2
3x 2  2 y 2  5 is Sol: For the ellipse   1 , equation of director
Sol: The combined equation of the pair of tangents drawn 16 9
from (1, 2) to the ellipse 3x 2  2 y 2  5 is circle is x 2  y 2  25 . The director circle will cut
S12  S .S11
x2 y 2
2
  3x  4 y  5    3x  2 y  5  3  8  5 
2 2 the ellipse   1 at four points. Hence,
50 20
 9 x 2  4 y 2  24 xy  40 y  30 x  55  0 number of points is 4.

114 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

W.E-21 : The locus of point of intersection of the  The auxiliary circle of an ellipse is the circle on the
perpendicular tangents to the ellipse major axis of the ellipse as diameter.
 Normal : Equation of normal at (x1, y1) to the
x2 y2
  1 is
9 4 a 2 x b2 y
ellipse S= 0 is   a2  b2
Sol: The locus of point of intersection of the x1 y1
x2 y2  Equation of the normal at ‘ ’ to the ellipse S = 0 is
perpendicular tangents to the ellipse 2  2  1
a b ax by
is a director circle and whose equation is   a 2  b2
cos  sin 
x2  y 2  a 2  b2  If a line y  mx  c be a normal to an ellipse
 The required equation of director circle is
x2 y2
x 2  y 2  9  4  x 2  y 2  13  1, then the condit ion is
a 2 b2
2 2
 x    y   2
Note: For the ellipse 2
 2
 1, m2  a 2  b2 
a b c2 
2
the director circle is  x      y     a  b
2 2 2 a 2
 b2m2 
 Equation of the normal to the ellipse S = 0 having
W.E-22 : The locus of point of intersection of
orthogonal tangents to the ellipse m(a 2  b 2 )
slope m is y  mx  is called slope
2 2
 x  1   y  2   1 is a 2  b2m 2

16 9 form of the normal

Sol: locus is director circle,  The condition that the line lx + my + n = 0 may be
a normal t o the ellipse S = 0 is
 ,    1, 2  , a2  16, b2  9 2
a 2 b2  a  b 
2 2
Equation of director circle is
 
 x  
2 2
  y     a 2  b2 l 2 m2 n2
2 2
W.E-24 : No. of normals that can be drawn at the
  x  1   y  2   16  9
point  2,3 to the ellipse 3x 2  2 y 2  30 are
2 2
  x  1   y  2   25 Sol:
2 2
W.E-23: An ellipse is sliding along the coordinate S11  3  2   2  3  30
axes. If the foci of the ellipse are (1, 1) and (3,  12  18  30  0
3), then area of the director circle of the ellipse
(in sq. units) is  no. of normals = 1
Sol : Since x-axis and y-axis are perpendicular tangents W.E-25 :Number of normals that can be drawn
to the ellipse. (0, 0) lies on the director circle and
midpoint of foci (2, 2) is centre of the circle.
from the point  0, 0  to the ellipse

Hence, radius  2 2  the area is 8 units. 3x 2  2 y 2  30 are

 Auxiliary Circle : The locus of the feet of the Sol : Centre of ellipse =  0, 0 
perpendiculars drawn from foci to any tangent to Number of normals from centre = 2
the ellipse is a circle concentric with the ellipse.  The tangents at the ends of the focal chord meet
This circle is called auxiliary circle of the ellipse. on the corresponding directrix.
 Equation of the auxiliary circle of the ellipse
 If S  ax 2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c and S = 0
S = 0 is i) x 2  y 2  a 2  a  b  represents an ellipse then to find the centre of the
ii) x 2  y 2  b 2  a  b  s s
ellipse, solve the equations x  0; y  0
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 115
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

 If  ,  and  are three eccentric angles of three  

points on the ellipse, the normals at which are W.E-28: If the normals at P () and Q     to
2  
concurrent, then
sin      sin       sin       0 x2 y2
the ellipse 2  2  1 meet the major axis in
a b
W.E-26 : If the normal at P on the ellipse
G and g respectively, then PG 2  Qg 2 
x2 y2
  1 cuts the major and minor axes in ax by
a 2 b2 Sol: Normal at P ( ) is   a 2  b 2 ....(1)
Q and R respectively then PQ : PR = cos  sin 
Sol: Equation of the normal at P  x1 , y1  is  
Normal at P     is
2 
a 2 x b2 y
  a2  b2
x1 y1 ax by
  a2  b2
    (or)
 a 2  b2  cos     sin    
Normal cuts major axis at Q  x1 , 0  and  2   2 
2
 a 
ax by
2 2 2 2
   a 2  b2 ...(2)
 a  b   b a  sin  cos 
minor axis at R 0, 2
y1   R 0, 2 y1 
 b   b  Equation (1) and (2) meet the major axis at G

2   a2  b2  cos     a2  b2  sin  
 a 2  b2 2  2 b4 2 2  ,0 and g  
 ,0 
Now PQ   2
x1  x1   y1  4 x1  y1  a   a 
 a  a    

b 4 x12  a 4 y12   a2  b2  cos  

2

a4 Now PG 2
 Qg 2
   a cos  
 a 
2  
2 b2  a 2 
2 2 2 a
4
PR  x   y1  1 y1  x1  y1
 b2  b4   a 2  b 2  sin  
2

  0  b sin  
2   a sin  
4 2
b x  a y PQ b 4 2
PQ b 2 4 2  a 
 1
;  4 1  
4 2
b PR a PR a 2 2
  0  b cos  
W.E-27: If normal at any point P to the ellipse 2

x 2
y 2

a 2
 b2 
 b2  a2
2
 2  1, a  b meet the axes at M and N a 2
a b
PM 2   a 2  b2 2 
so that  , then value of eccentricity e 2 b2
PN 3 a  2  1
 a4 a 
is  
PM 2 b2 2
Sol:   2  ;   b 2  2 b2
2

PN 3 a 3  a   1  2   2  1
 a  a 
 
b2 2 1
e  1  1 
a 2
3 3  a 2  e4  2  e2 

116 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

x2 y2 Conjugate Diameters : Two diameters of an

W.E-29 : C is the centre of the ellipse 2  2  1 ellipse are said to be conjugate diameters if each
a b bisects the chords parallel to the other.
and L is an end of a latus rectum. If the normal  Two straight lines y  m1 x and y  m2 x are
at L meets the major axis in G, then CG =
x2 y2
 b2  conjugate diameters of the ellipse   1, if
Sol: Equation of normal at L  ae,  is a2 b2
 a 
b2
m1m2   2
ax a
 y  a2  b2
e Note: In an ellipse, the major axis bisects all the
Since it meets the major axis at G then chords parallel to the minor axis and vice - versa,
therefore major and minor axis of an ellipse are
e  conjugate diameters of the ellipse but they do not
G    a 2  b 2  , 0  G    ae3 ,0   CG  ae3
a  b2
W.E-30 : If the normal at P () on the ellipse satisfy the condition m1m2   . These are the
a2
only perpendicular conjguate diameters.
x2 y2
  1 with focus S, meets the major W.E-31: If 2y=x and 3y+4x=0 are the equation of
a2 b2 a pair of conjugate diameters of an ellipse,
axis in G, then SG= then the eccentricity of the ellipse is
Sol: Equation of the normal at P ( ) is
1
ax by Sol: Slope of 2y=x is m1  and slope of 3y+4x=0 is
  a 2e2 2
cos  sin  4
The point where it meet s the x-axis is m2 
3
G   ae 2 cos , 0  and focus S=(ae, 0) b2  1  4  b2 b2 2
m1m2   2         2  2 
 SG  ae  ae2 cos   ae 1  e cos   e.SP a  2  3  a a 3

 SG  e.SP b2 2 1
 e  1 2
 e  1 
 Diameter of an Ellipse : The locus of the mid a 3 3
point of a system of parallel chords of an ellipse is Properties :
called a diameter and passess through centre. 1) The eccentric angles of the ends of a pair of
 The equation of the diameter bisecting the chords conjugate diameters of an ellipse differ by a right
angle.
x2 y2
of slope m of the ellipse   1 is
a 2 b2 W.E-32 : If  and  are eccentric angles of ends
of pair of conjugate diameters of the ellipse
b2
y 2 x x2 y2
am   1 , then    is
a 2 b2
Proof: Let  x1 , y1  mid point of one of the parallel Sol: Let y  m1 x and y  m2 x be the pair of conjugate
chords. Then the equation of the chord is diamet ers of t he ellipse S=0 and let
2 2
xx yy x y P   a cos , b sin  and Q   a cos , b sin 
S1  S11  21  21  12  12
a b a b are the ends of these two diameters, then
b 2 x1 b2 b sin  0 b sin   0 b2
The slope of the chord is m  m   2 m1m2      
a y1 a2 a cos   0 a cos  0 a2
 sin  sin    cos  cos 
b2
 The locus of  x1 , y1  is y   x
 cos       0      

a 2m
2
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 117
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

2) The sum of the squares of the two conjugate semi Instead of taking the coordinate axes as axes of
diameters of an ellipse is constant and is equal to the ellipse, let us take the perpendicular lines.
the sum of the squares of the semi axes of the
L1  a1 x  b1 y  c1  0
ellipse.  i.e., a 2  b 2 
L2  b1 x  a1 y  c2  0 as axes of the ellipse
3) The product of the focal distances of a point on the
ellipse is equal to the square of the semi diameter Let a, b(a>b) be the lengths of semi Major Axis
which is conjugate to the diameter through the point. and semi Minor Axis respectively.
4) The tangents at the ends of a pair of conjugate Equation of Ellipse referred to these perpendicular
diameters of an ellipse form a parallelogram of
2 2
constant area equal to the product of the axes of
lines will be
 PN  
 PM  1
the ellipse (i.e., 4ab) a2 b2
 Area of the triangle formed by 3 points on an ellipse
whose eccentric angles are ,  , is 2 2
 a x  b y  c   b x  a y  c 
1 1 1 1 1 2
       2 2
  2 2

2ab sin .sin .sin  a  b   a  b 
2 2 2 i.e.  1
2
1   1
2
1
 1 ...(1)
a b
 Perpendicular from focus to any tangent and line
join of centre, point of contact intersect on Here this equation represents an ellipse for which
corrosponding directrix.
Major axis lies along b1 x  a1 y  c2  0 and Minor
 Tangents at the ends of any chord meet on the
diameter which bisects the chord. Axis lies along a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 . Centre of
 Two ellipses are similar if they have same Ellipse will be obtained by solving
eccentricity.
 Circle with focal length as diameter touches a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 and b1 x  a1 y  c2  0
auxiliary circle If a < b then equation (1) represents an ellipse for
 Equation of the ellipse referred to two
which Major axis lies along a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 and
perpendicular lines : Consider the ellipse
x2 y2 Minor axis lies along b1 x  a1 y  c2  0 .
  1 ; Let P(x, y) be any point on the ellipse
a 2 b2 If a > b, by solving
Draw perpendiculars PM and PN from P to
x-axis and y-axis respectively. a1 x  b1 y  c1  ae a12  b12  0 and

Here PM  y , PN  x b1 x  a1 y  c2  0 we get foci

x2 y2 If a < b, by solving
 1 can be considered as
a 2 b2 b1 x  a1 y  c2  be a12  b12  0 and
PN 2 PM 2
 2  1 i.e., a1 x  b1 y  c1  0 we get foci
a2 b
2 a 2
 perpendicular length from P to Minor Axis  
If a  b, a1 x  b1 y  c1  a1  b12  0 will be
2 e
 L. of semi Major Axis  the equation of directrix.
2
 perpendicular length from P to Major Axis  1
b 2
b1 x  a1 y  c2  a1  b12  0 will be t he
2
 L. of semi Minor Axis  e
equation of directrix.

118 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

W.E-33 : Find the major axis, minor axis, centre 3. If the major axis is “n” times the minor axis
and eccentricity to the ellipse of the ellipse, then eccentricity is
2 2
4  x  2 y  1  9  2 x  y  2   180
n- 1 n- 1 n2 - 1 n2 - 1
Sol: The given ellipse is 1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2
n n2 n2 n
4  x  2 y  1  9  2 x  y  2   180
4. If α and  are the eccentric angles of the
2 2
 x  2 y  1  2x  y  2 extremities of a focal chord of an ellipse, then
  1 the eccentricity of the ellipse is
45 20
2 2 cos   cos  sin   sin 
 x  2 y  1   2x  y  2  1) cos    2) sin   
       
1 4   4 1 
  1
32 22 cos   cos  sin   sin 
3) cos    4) sin   
X 2 Y2
   
 2  2 1 .......... (1) 5. The normals at a point P on the ellipse having
3 2
A,A1 as vertices and S, S1 as foci, bisects the
x  2y 1 2x  y  2 angle
where X  and Y 
5 5 1) A1PA 2. A1 PS 3. S 1 PS 4. S 1 PA
From (1) it is clear that a=3, b=2 and a > b 6. The distance between a focus and one end of
 It follows that minor axis of an ellipse is
i) Length of the major axis  2  3  6 1) Length of minor-axis 2) Length of major axis
ii) Length of the minor axis  2  2  4 3) distance between the foci
iii) Equation of the major axis is Y = 0 i.e., 4) Length of semi major axis
2x  y  2  0 7. A point moves so that sum of the squares of
iv) Equation of the minor axis is X = 0 i.e., its distanes from two intersecting straight lines
x  2 y 1  0 is constant, then the locus of p is
v) Centre of ellipse is the point of intersection of 1) a circle 2) a parabola
the lines 2 x  y  2  0, x  2 y  1  0 i.e., 3) an ellipse 4) a hyperbola
8. The orbit of the earth is an ellipse with
 1, 0  .
1
vi) The eccent ricit y e of the ellipse is eccentricity with the sun at one focus the
60
b2 4 5 5 major axis being approximately 186  106
e  1 2
 1  
a 9 9 3 miles in length. The longest distance of earth
CONCEPTUAL from the sun is
1) 9145  104 miles 2. 9145  106 miles
1. If A and B are two fixed points and if the point 3) 9455  104 miles 4. 9455  106 miles
P moves such that PA + PB = K(constant), 9. Let ‘P’ be a variable point on the ellipse
then the locus of P is (where K > AB)
1) a Circle 2) a Parabola x2 y2
  1 with foci F1 and F2. A is the area
3) an Ellipse 4) a Hyperbola a 2 b2
2. Let S , S1 be the foci of an ellipse. If of the triangle PF1F2, then the maximum value
of A is
ÐBSS1 = θ then its eccentricity is (where 2 2
1) b. a 2  b 2 2) b. a  b
' B ' is an end point of minor axis)
1) tan q 2) sin q 3) cosq 4) cot q 3) a. a 2  b 2 4) a. a 2  b 2

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 119

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

10. If the normal at one end of latusrectum of the 16. The tangent at any point P on the ellipse meets
ellipse with eccentricity ‘e’, passes through the tangents at the vertices A & A1 of the
one end of minor axis, then
x2 y2
1) e 4  2e 2  1  0
2) e 4  2e 2  1  0 ellipse 2  2  1 at L and M respectively..
a b
3) e 4  e 2  1  0 4) e 4  2e 2  2  0 1
Then AL .A M =
11. Tangents are drawn to the ellipse 1) a2 2) b2
3) a2+b2 4) ab
x2 y2 17. The maximum distance of any normal to the
  1 a  b  and the circle x 2  y 2  a 2
a 2 b2
x2 y2
at the points where a common ordinate cuts ellipse   1 from the centre is
them (on the same side of the x-axis). Then a2 b2
the greatest acute angle between these 1) a  b 2) a  b
tangents is given by 3) a 2  b 2 4) a 2  b 2
18. The number of normals to the ellipse which
1  a  b  1  a  b 
1) tan   2) tan   passing through a focus (except major axis)
 2 ab   2 ab  are
1) 1 2) 2 3)  4) 0
1  2ab  1  2ab 
3) tan   4) tan   x2 y2
 a b   ab  19. The points on the ellipse   1 such that
12. Given the base of a triangle and the product a 2 b2
of the tangents of half of base angles, then the tangent at each point makes equal angles
the locus of the vertex is with the axes are
1) A Parabola 2) An Ellipse  a2 b2 
3) A Hyperbola 4) A Circle 1.   ,  
2 2 2 2
 a b a b 
13. Let A and B two drawing pins, AB = 10 and let
a string whose ends at A, B and length is 16.  a2 b2 
The point of pencil move on paper and fixed 2.   ,  
ends always tight. We get a curve on paper its  a 2  b2 a2  b 2 
area is  a2 b2 
1) 36 2) 100 3.   2 2 ,  2 2

 a b a b 
3) 16 39 4) 8 39
14. Area of the greatest rectangle that can be  a3 b3 
4.   ,  
x2 y2  a 2  b2 a 2  b2 
inscribed in the ellipse 2  2  1 is 20. An ellipse slides between two lines at right
a b
angles to one another. The locus of its
a centre is
1) sq.unit 2) ab sq.unit
b 1) a parabola 2) an ellipse
3) ab sq.unit 4) 2ab sq.unit 3) a circle 4) Pair of straight lines
21. Two circles are given such that one is
15. The normal to the curve at P  x, y  meets the completely lying inside other without touching.
x-axis at G. If the distance of G from the origin The locus of the centre variable circle which
is twice the abscissa of P, then the curve is touches smaller circle from outside and bigger
1) ellipse 2) parabola circle from inside is
3) circle 4) hyperbola or ellipse 1) a circle 2) a parabola
3) an ellipse 4) a hyperbola

120 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

CONCEPTUAL - KEY a 2 y1
01) 3 02) 3 03) 4 04) 4 05) 3 06) 4 (1)   y1   x  x1  where
b 2 x1
07) 3 08) 3 09) 1 10) 3 11) 1 12) 2
13) 4 14) 4 15) 4 16) 2 17) 2 18) 4 b 2  a 2 1  e2   x  e 2 x1  CG  e2 x1 ,
19) 1 20) 3 21) 3 where C is centre
 SG  CS  CG  ae  e2 x1  e  a  ex1   eSP
CONCEPTUAL- HINTS
 SG  eSP ; Similarly S 1G  eS 1 P
1. Let A  a, 0  , B  a, 0  and P  x, y 
SG SP
Substitute these in PA+PB=K and simplify 1
 1  The normal at P drawn to the
SG SP
PA+PB=K represent s ellipse if K  2a
ellipse bisects the internal angle SPS 1
 K  AB
6. S  ae, 0  B  0, b 
B
SB  a 2e 2  b 2  a 2e 2  a 2  a 2e 2  a
2
  x y
2
2. S1 C S 7. L1  x  0, L2  x  y  0 , x    k
 2 
3 x 2  2 xy  y 2  2k  0 ; h 2  ab  2  0
1 /
ae 8. 2a  186  106 , e  60 SA  a  ae  a 1  e 
CS  ae, SB  a cos  
a
9. For maximum of A , P=B
a
3.  
2a  n 2b  n 
b
1 1
area A   SS  .CB   2ae  .b
/

2 2
a 2  b2 b2 1 n2  1 a2 x b2 y
e   1   1   10.   a 2  b 2 , one end of latus recetum
a2 a2 n2 n x1 y1
 b2 
4.
x  
cos 
 y   
  sin 
    
  cos    ae,    x1 , y 1  , put (0,b) in the normal
a    b        a 
passes through (ae, 0) equation
11. Slope of t he t angent to t he ellipse at
Y b
P  a cos  , b sin   is m1  cot  .
Normal at P a
P ( x1, y1 ) Slope of the tangent to the circle at
Q  a cos  , a sin   is m2   cot 
X
5. S1 C G S A m1  m2
angle between two tangents tan   1  m m
1 2

 b
cot   1  
Equation of normal to ellipse S=0 at P  x1 , y1  is   a a b
b 2

1  cot  a tan   bcot
a 2 y1 a
y  y1  2  x  x1  .....(1)
b x1
Putting y = 0 (x-axis) in normal, we get G
ab

2 ab
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 121
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

 a tan   b cot   b 1  cos     b 1  cos   

 AM  GM   ab
L   a,
 2  , M    a, 
 sin    sin  
 a tan   b cot   2 ab   AL. A1M  b 2
12. Let the triangle be ABC with base BC  a 17. Equation of normal to the ellipse S = 0 at ‘  ’ is
B  s  c  s  a  C  s  a  s  b  ax

by
 a 2  b2
tan  , tan 
2 s  s  b 2 s s  c , cos  sin 
Max. distance = perpendicular distance from C(0,0)
B C sa B C 2
tan .tan  If tan tan   , then a 2  b2
2 2 s 2 2 to normal 
2 2 a 2 sec 2   b 2 cosec 2 
s  a  2s  a 1  
 ,  or This is max. if denominater is min.
s 1 a 1  2
2
[min. value of a 2 sec 2   b 2 cosec 2  is  a  b  ]
 1 2 
b  c  a 2 
, constant
 1   a2  b2
 max. distance   a  b
Hence the locus of vertex is an ellipse whose foci a b
are B and C.
ax by
13. SS 1  AB  2ae  10  ae  5 18. Normal at ‘  ’   a 2  b2
cos  sin 
SP  S 1 P  2a  16  a  8 passes through (ae, 0)
b 2  a 2  a 2 e 2  64  25  39 a 2e 1
  a 2  b 2  cos   , e  1
Area of ellipse =  ab   8 39 cos  e
14. Let the vertices of a rectangle are  no normal passes through foci
  a cos , b sin   19. Let P be  a cos  , b sin   , then the equation of
area of rectangle  2a cos  2b sin  x y
 2ab sin 2 tangent at P is cos   sin   1
a b
Maximum area  2ab  sin 2  1
Y
15. Equation of the normal at (x, y) is
dx
Y y  X  x  which meets the x-axis at ( a cos, b sin )
dy
 dy  dy X
G  0, x  y  , then x  y  2 x
 dx  dx
dy
 x y  2 x  y dy  x dx  x 2  y 2  c
dx
or y dy  3 x dx  3 x 2  y 2  c  cos  b
Slope of tangent    tan 450  1
Thus the curve is either hyperbola or ellipse sin  a
16. A   a, 0  , A1   a, 0  a  cos    a
 cot   
x y b a2  b2
Tangent at ‘  ’ , cos   sin   1 meets
a b b
x   a at L and M and sin   
a2  b2

122 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

 Coordinates of the required points are 1

2 2
2. For an ellipse with eccentricity , the centre
 a b  2
 2 ,  is at the origin. If one directrix is x = 4, then
 a  b2 a 2  b2 
the equation of the ellipse is
20. Let the two given lines be taken as the co-ordinates
1) 3 x 2  4 y 2  1 2) 3 x 2  4 y 2  12
axes.Let C  ,   be the centre of the ellipse in
3) 4 x 2  3 y 2  1 4) 4 x 2  3 y 2  12
any position. Here the position of centre C changes
as the ellipse slides.Let a and b be the semi major 3. An ellipse with foci (-1,1) and (1,1) passes
and semi-minor axes of the ellipse. Equation of the through (0,0) then its equation is
director circle of the ellipse is 1) x 2  2 y 2  8 y  0 2) x 2  2 y 2  4 y  0

 x  
2 2
  y     a 2  b 2 ........(1) 3) x 2  2 y 2  8 y  0 4) x 2  2 y 2  4 y  0
Since OX and OY are mutually perpendicular then 4. Given two fixed points A and B and AB= 6.
(1) passes through (0, 0) Then simplest form of the equation to the locus
of P such that PA + PB = 8 is
(1)   2   2  a 2  b 2
2 2 x2 y2
Hence, locus of C  ,   is x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2 1) x  y  1 2)  1
16 7 16 9
21
x2 y2 x2 y2
3)  1 4)  1
9 16 12 21
5. Equation of the ellipse with centre(1,2), one
focus at (6,2) and passing through (4,6) is
C1 2 2
1)  x  1   y  2   1
. C2 45 20
2 2

2)
 x  1 
 y  2 1
C
35 15
In the figure , circle with hard line are given circles  x  1
2
 y  2
2

with centres C1 and C2 and rdius r1 and r2 3)  1

3 25
respectively.Let the circle with dotted line is a 2 2
variable circle which touches given two circles as
4)
 x  1 
 y  2
1
explained in the question which has centre C and 25 15
radius r.Now CC2  r  r2 and CC1  r1  r 6. The locus of point of intersection of the lines
Hence, CC1  CC2  r1  r2   constant  tx y x ty
  t  0,   1  0 is
a b a b
(t is a parameter)
LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-I 1) Parabola 2) Circle 3) Hyperbola 4) Ellipse
STANDARD FORM 7. The equation of the circle passing through the

x2 y2 x2 y2
 1 foci of the ellipse   1 and having
1. The equation 10  a 4  a represents an 16 9
ellipse if centre at  0,3 is (2013)
1) a<4 2) a>4
1) x 2  y 2  6 y  7  0 2) x 2  y 2  6 y  7  0
3) 4<a<10 4) a>10
3) x 2  y 2  6 y  5  0 4) x 2  y 2  6 y  5  0

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 123

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

8. Equation of the ellipse whose axes are the axes x2 y2

of coordinates and which passes through the 16. Eccentricity of ellipse 2  2  1 such that
a b
2 the line joining the foci subtends a right angle
point  3,1 and has eccentricity is (2011)
1)
5 only at two points on ellipse, is
1) 5 x 2  3 y 2  48  0 2) 3x 2  5 y 2  15  0 1 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 3 5
3) 5 x 2  3 y 2  32  0 4) 3 x 2  5 y 2  32  0
CENTRE, VERTICES, DIRECTRICES,
9. The equation of the ellipse whose foci are
MAJOR & MINORAXES
 2, 0  and eccentricity is 1/2, is 17. The centre of the ellipse
is
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 ( x  y  2)2 ( x  y ) 2
1)  1 2)  1  1
12 16 16 12 9 16
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 1) (0, 0) 2) (1, 1) 3) (1, 0) 4) (0, 1)
3)  1 4)  1
16 8 8 16 x2 y2
18. C is the centre of the Ellipse   1 and
ECCENTRICITY 25 16
10. The eccentricity of the ellipse 9x2+16y2=576 S is one focus. Then the ratio of CS to semi
is major axis is
1) 4:5 2) 2:3 3) 3:5 4) 2:5
7 5 7 19. An ellipse with centre at (0,0) cuts x axis at
1) 2) 3) 4) 7
2 4 12
4 1
11. If the length of the major axis of an ellipse is (3,0) and (-3,0). If its e  then the length of
2
three times the length of its minor axis, then
its eccentricity is the semi minor axis is

1 2 2 3 3
1)1/3 2) 1 3) 4) 1) 2 3 2) 5 3) 3 2 4)
2 3 2
3
12. The latus rectum subtends a right angle at the x2 y2
centre of the ellipse then its eccentricity is 20. The tangent at P to the ellipse   1 cuts
a2 b2
1) 2 sin180 2) 2 cos180 the major axis in T and PN is the perpendicular
3) 2sin 540 4) 2 cos 54 0 to x axis. If C is the centre of the ellipse then
13. The eccentricity of the conic represented by CT.CN =
2 2
1) a 2) b 3) b2 4) a2
 x  2  y2   x  2  y 2  8 is FOCUS & FOCAL DISTANCES
1) 1/3 2) 1/ 2 3) 1/ 4 4) 1/5 21. If x = 2 (Cost – Sint) ; y = 3 (Cost + Sint)
14. A circle is described with minor axis of the represents a Conic, its foci are
ellipse as diameter. If the foci lie on the circle,
then the eccentricity of the ellipse is 
1)  10, 0  2) ( 13 ,0)

1 1 1 1 3) (0, 13) 4) (0,  10 )

1) 2) 3) 4)
3 2 7 5 22. A conic passing through origin has its foci at
15. If the angle between the lines joining the foci (5, 12) and (24, 7). Then its eccentricity is
to an extremity of minor axis of an Ellipse is
386 386
900 its eccentricity is 1) 2)
38 39
1 3 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 386 386
2 2 3 2 3) 4)
47 51
124 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

VERTICES & DIRECTRIX PARAMETRIC CO-ORDINATES

23. The directrices of the Ellipse 30. The distance of a point on the ellipse
3 x 2  4 y 2  12 x  8 y  32  0 are x 2  3 y 2  6 from the centre is 2 units. Then
1) x = 6, x = -10 2) x = 5, x= -11 the eccentric angle of the point is
3) x = 4, x = 12 4) x = 3, x= 9 7 3 11 13
1) 2) 3) 4)
24. The foci of an ellipse are S  1, 1 , S1  0, 2 4 5 4 4
2 2
its e=1/2, then the equation of the directrix x y
31. If x  y  2 touches the ellipse 2  2  1
corresponding to the focus S is a b a b
1) x  y  3  0 2) x  y  7  0 then the eccentric angle  of the point of
contact is equal to
3) x  y  5  0 4) x  y  4  0 1) 00 2) 900 3) 450 4) 600
1
25. PSP is focal chord of the ellipse TANGENT & NORMAL
2 2
4 x  9 y  36 . If SP=4 then SP1 32. The point of intersection of the two tangents
to the ellipse 2x2 + 3y2 = 6 at the ends of latus
2 3 4 4
1) 2) 3) 4) rectum is
3 5 3 5 1) ( 3,0) 2) ( 7/2, 0) 3) ( 9/2, 0) 4) (4,0)
26. The distances from the foci to a points 33. The product of the perpendiculars from the two
x2 y2 x2 y2
P  x1 , y1  on the ellipse   1 are foci of the ellipse   1 on the tangent
9 25 9 25
2 4 at any point on the ellipse is
1) 4  y1 2) 5  y1 1) 8 2)16 3) 12 4) 9
3 5 34. The point in the first quadrant of the ellipse
4 2 x2 y2
3) 5  x1 4) 4  x1   1 at which the tangent makes equal
5 3
25 144
27. A focal chord perpendicular to major axis of angles with the axes is
the ellipse 9 x 2  5 y 2  45 cuts the curve at
 144   25 144 
Pand Q then length of PQ is 1)  2,  2)  , 
 3   13 13 
10 18
1) 2) 3) 6 4) 2 5  25 144   25 144 
3 5 3)  ,  4)   ,  
 13 13   13 13 
28. If F1 and F2 are the feet of perpendiculars
x2 y2
35. Equation of the tangent to 2  2  1 (a>b)
x2 y 2 a b
from foci S1 and S 2 of an ellipse  1
5 3 at the end of latusrectum in the first quadrant
on the tangent at any point P on the ellipse is
1) ax+ey-a=0 2) ex+y-a = 0
then  S1F1  S2 F2   3) x-ey+a = 0 4) ex-2y+a = 0
1) 8 2) 5 3) 3 4) 9 36. The angle between the pair of tangents drawn
LENGTH OF LATUS RECTUM from the point (1, 2) to the ellipse 3x 2  2 y 2  5
29. A point moves so that its distance from the is
point (2,0) is always 1/ 3 of its distance from  5
1  12  1
the line x – 18 = 0. If the locus of the point is 1) tan   2) tan  12 
a conic, its length of latusrectum is  5  
1) 16/ 3 2) 32/ 3
 1  12  1  5 
3) 8/3 4) 15/4 3) tan   4) tan  
 5   12 
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 125
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

37. Equation of the tangent of 3x2+4y2 = 12 parallel 44. A man running around a race course notes that
to x-2y+1 =0 is the sum of the distances of two flag posts from
1) x-2y+7=0 2) x-2y+4=0 him is 8 meters. The area of the path he
3) x-2y+5 =0 4) x-2y+9=0 encloses in square meters if the distance
2 2 between flag posts is 4 is
38. A tangent x  y  1 meets the axes at A
a2 b2 1) 15 3 2) 12 3 
and B. Then the locus of mid point of AB is 3) 18 3  4) 8 3
2 2 2 2
a b a b LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-I- KEY
1) 2
 2 2 2) 2
 2 4
x y x y 01) 1 02) 2 03) 4 04) 1 05) 1 06) 4
2 2 2 2 07) 1 08) 1,4 09) 2 10) 4 11) 4 12) 1
a b a b 1
3) 2
 2 1 4) 2  2  13) 2 14) 2 15) 4 16) 2 17) 2 18) 3
x y x y 2 19) 4 20) 4 21) 4 22) 1 23) 1 24) 1
39. Equation of the normal to the ellipse 25) 4 26) 2 27) 1 28) 3 29) 2 30) 1
x2+4y2 = 25 at the point whose ordinate is 2 is 31) 3 32) 1 33) 4 34) 2 35) 2 36) 1
1) 8x-3y-16=0 2) 3x-7y+15=0 37) 2 38) 2 39) 3 40) 1 41) 2 42) 4
3) 8x-3y-18=0 4) 3x-8y-17=0 43) 3 44) 4
AUXILIARY / DIRECTOR CIRCLE
40. The locus of point of Intersection of LEVEL-I: EXERCISE-I - HINTS
perpendicular tangents to the ellipse
1. 10 - a > 0, 4 - a > 0
2 2
( x  1) ( y  2) 2. e  1/ 2, a / e  4
  1 is
16 9
3. SS 1  2ae and SP  S 1 P  2a
2 2
1)  x  1   y  2   25
6 3 2
2 2 4. 2ae = 6; 2a = 8 ; e   ; b  16  9  7
2)  x  1   y  2   7 8 4
2 2
3)  x  1   y  2   25 x2 y2
 1
2 2
16 7
4)  x  1   y  2   7 5. Verify (4,6)
41. Equation of the auxiliary circle of the ellipse
x  y x  ty
2 2 6. t   1  1 
x y a  b a b
  1 is
12 18
1) x2+y2 = 9 2) x2+y2=18  x2  y2 x2 y2
2 2
t 2 1  t 2   1
3) x +y =12 4) x2+y2=30 a  b a2 b2
42. Tangents are drawn from any point on the
x2 y2 7.  
Foci    ae, 0    7, 0 ; radius = 4
circle x2+y2=41 to the Ellipse
 1
25 16 equation of circle having centre (0, 3) and radius 4
then the angle between the two tangents is 2
is x 2   y  3  16
    8. Verification, substitute (-3, 1) in options
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 3 6 2
1
43. If P is a point on the Ellipse of eccentricity e 9. ae  2, e   a  4  a 2  16
and A, A1 are the vertices and S,S1 are the 2
foci then SPS 1 : APA1 is x2 y2
b 2  a 2 1  e2   12 ellipse  1
1) e3 : 1 2) e2 : 1 3) e : 1 4) 2e : 1 16 12

126 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

 a  6, a 2  36  b  a 1  e   32
2 2 2
a 2  b2
10. e 
a2 2b2 32
11. AA1  3BB1 L.L.R  
a 3
0
12. Tan45 
LS 
30. C0,0 , let P 6 cos , 2 sin  and CP = 2 
CS
 3 7
6 cos 2   2sin 2   4    , , ...
1 4 4 4
13. S  2, 0 , S  2, 0 ,2a  8  a  4 , ae  2 , e 
2 x y
14. CB = CS 31. cos   sin   1  1
a b
0 CB
15. Tan45 
CS
x  y 2  2 2  2 1   2 
ae a 
0
16. tan 45   ae  b  a 2 e 2  b 2 32. Z =  , 0 
b e 
1 33. Product of perpendiculars = a 2 (a < b)
 a 2 e 2  a 2  a 2 e2 e
2 b2 x
34.   1
17. Point of intersection of x + y - 2 = 0; x - y = 0 a2 y
18. CS : a  e : 1
 b2 
1 2  1 35. Tangent at  ae, a  to the ellipse
19. a  3; e 
2
 
; b  a 2 1  e 2  91    
 4
2 x 1 y1 y12  b 2
36. m1  m 2  ; m1m2 
3 3 2
x1  a 2 x12  a 2
b
2
20. CT  a sec  , CN  a cos  m1  m2
Tan 
2 2
1  m1m2
x  y 37. m = 1/2  eqn. to the tangent is
21.       2 , foci   0, be 
2 3
y  mx  a 2 m 2  b 2
22. SP  S 1 P  2a ; 2ae  192  52
x y
23. x  h  a / e 38. x  y  2 touches the ellipse
1 1
24. verify distance a/e from centre
39. Let the point (x, 2) lies on ellipse
1 1 2a
25.  1 2 x 2  16  25  x  3 point on ellipse = (3, 2)
SP SP b and use verification
26. focal distances (a<b)= b  ey1 2 2
40.  x  h   y  k   a2  b2
2a 2 41. x 2  y 2  b 2 (a < b)
27. = L.L.R
b
42. x 2  y 2  41 is the director circle of the given
2 2
x y ellipse
28.   1 ;  S1F1  .  S2 F2   b 2  3
5 3 43. SPS 1 : APA1 SS 1b sin  : AA1b sin 
29. l  de ; L.L.R  2de (or) Conic is ellipse (e<1) 44. SP  S 1 P  8  2a 2ae  4
1 a area of ellipse   ab
SP = ePM ; ae  2, e  ,  18
3 e
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 127
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

7. In an ellipse the major and minor axes are in

LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-II the ratio 5 : 3. The eccentricity of the ellipse
is
STANDARD FORM
1. The curve with parametric equations 1 2 4
1) 3 2) 3) 4)
x  3(cos t  sin t ) and y  4(cos t  sin t ) is 5 3 5
5
1) An Ellipse 2) A Parabola 8. (-4,1),(6,1) are the vertices of an ellipse and
3) Hyperbola 4) Circle one of the foci lies on x  2 y  2 then the
2. The equation of the Ellipse with one of the foci eccentricity is
at (4, 0) and eccentricity 4/5 is
3 4 2 1
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 1) 2) 3) 4)
 1 5 5 5 5
1) 2)  1
25 9 9 25 9. S and T are the foci of an ellipse and B is an
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 end of the minor axis. If STB is an equilateral
3)  1 4)  1 triangle then e is
16 9 9 36 1) 1/4 2) 1/3 3) 1/2 4) 2/3
3. Equation of the ellipse with focus (3,–2),
10. In the ellipse distance between the foci is
3 equal to the distance between a focus and one
eccentricity and directrix 2x - y + 3 = 0 is
4 end of minor axis then its eccentricity is
1) 44x2 + 36xy + 71y2 - 374x - 528y + 756 = 0 1 1 1
1
2) 44x2 + 36xy + 71y2 - 588x + 374y + 959 = 0 1) 2) 3) 4)
3) 44x2 + 36xy + 71y2 - 125x - 274y + 659 = 0 2 4 3 5
4) 44x2 + 36xy + 71y2 - 135x - 47xy + 859 = 0 x2 y2
4. Equation to the locus of the point which moves 11. The ellipse   1 cuts x axis at A and y
a2 b2
such that the sum of the distances from the
axis at B and the line joining the focus S and
points (3,9) (3,1) is 10 is
3
( x  5) 2 ( y  3) 2 B makes an angle with x-axis. Then the
1)   1 4
9 25
eccentricity of the ellipse is
( x  3) 2 ( y  5 ) 2
2)  1 1 1 1
9 25 3
1) 2) 3) 4)
x2 y2 ( x  3) 2 ( y  5 ) 2
2 2 2 3
3)  1 4)  1 12. If the minor axis of an ellipse forms an
9 25 36 49
equilateral triangle with one vertex of the
5. Equation of the ellipse with foci (4 , 0) and
ellipse then e =
20
length of latusrectum is 1 2) 2 3 4
3 1) 3) 4)
2 3 4 5
x2 y2 x2 y2
1)  1 2)  1 13. In an ellipse , the distances between its foci is
20 36 20 4 6 and minor axis is 8. Then its eccentricity is
x2 y2 x2 y2 1 4 1 3
3)  1 4)  1 1) 2) 3) 4)
36 20 24 8 2 5 5 5
ECCENTRICITY CENTRE,VERTICES,DIRECTRICES,
6. The eccentricity of the ellipse
25x 2 + 9y2 – 150x - 90y + 225 = 0 is MAJOR&MINOR AXES
3 4 2 1 14. Centre of the Ellipse
1) 2) 3) 4) 5x2 – 6xy + 5y2 + 22x – 26y + 29 = 0 is
5 5 3 3
1) (1,-2) 2) (2,-1) 3) (1,-1) 4) (-1,2)

128 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

15. “e” is the eccentricity of the ellipse PARAMETRIC CO-ORDINATES

2 2
4 x  9 y  36 and C is the centre and S is 23. The points on the ellipse x 2 y 2 whose
the focus and A is the vertex then CS : SA=  1
25 9
1) 3  5 : 5 2) 5 :3 5 eccentric angles differ by a right angle are
3) 3  5 : 5 4) 5 : 3  5 1) (5 cos  ,3sin  ), (5sin  ,3cos  )
16. The vertices of the Ellipse 2) (5 cos  ,3sin  ), ( 5sin  , 3cos  )
2 2 3) (5 cos  , 3sin  ), (5sin  , 3cos  )
 x  1 
 y  3  1 are 4) (25cos  , 3sin  ),(5sin  ,3cos  )
25 16
1) (3,4), (-6,3) 2) (4,3), (-6,3) 24. If x  y 2  2 2 is a tangent to the ellipse
3) (5,3), (-7,3) 4) (6,3), (-8,3) x2+2y2 = 4 then the eccentric angle of the point
FOCUS & FOCAL DISTANCES of contact is
17. Foci of the Ellipse    
25x2 + 9y2 - 150x - 90y + 225 = 0 are 1) 2) 3) 4)
6 4 3 2
1) (3,9), (3,1) 2) (4,9), ( 4,1)
3) (5,7), (4,7) 4) (6,9), (5,1) TANGENT & NORMAL
18. Distance between the foci of the Ellipse 25. If the line y = x + c touches the Ellipse
25x2 + 16y2 + 100x - 64y - 236 = 0 is 2x2 + 3y2 = 1 then c =
1) 8 2) 12 3) 9 4) 6
5 3 2 6
VERTICES & DIRECTRIX 1)  2)  2 3)  4) 
19. The sum of the distances of any point on the 6 3 5
26. Equation to the pair of tangents drawn from
ellipse 3x 2  4 y 2  24 from its foci is (2,-1) to the ellipse x2 + 3y2 = 3 is
1) 8 2 2) 8 3) 16 2 4) 4 2 1) y2 + 4xy + 4x – 6y – 7 = 0
2) y2 – 4xy - 8x + 5y + 9 = 0
20. The distance of the point ‘  ’ on the ellipse
3) y2 - 4xy - 6x - 8y + 5 = 0
x2 y2 4) y2 + 4xy + 4x + 6y + 9 = 0
  1 from a focus is
a2 b2 27. l1 is the tangent to 2x2+3y2 = 35 at (4,-1) & l2
1) a  e  cos   2) a  e  cos   is the tangent to 4x2+y2 = 25 at (2,-3). The

3) a 1  e cos   4) a 1  2e cos   distance between l1 & l2 is

10 60 5
21. If P  x, y  , F1   3, 0  , F2   3,0  and 1) 2) 3) 0 4)
73 73 3 2
 PF1  PF2  28. Tangents are drawn through the point (4, 3)
16 x 2  25 y 2  400 then  
 2 
1) 4 2) 5 3) 8 4) 10 x2 y2
to the ellipse   1 , the points at which
LENGTH OF LATUS RECTUM 16 9
these tangents touch the ellipse are
3 1) (4, 0) 2) (0, 4) 3) (-4, 0) 4) (0, -4)
22. The eccentricity of an ellipse is , its length
2 29. The number of values of C such that the line
of latusrectum is x2
1) 1/2 (Length of major axis) y=4x+C touches the ellipse  y 2  1 is
4
2) 1/3 (Length of major axis)
1) 0 2) 2 3) 1 4) infinite
3) 1/4 ( length of major axis)
4) 2/3 (length of major axis)
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 129
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

36. A tangent to 3x2+4y2 = 12 is equally inclined

30. An ellipse passes through the point  4, 1
with the coordinate axes. Then the
and its axes are along the coordinates. If the perpendicular distance from the centre of the
line x  4 y  10  0 is a tangent to it then its ellipse to this tangent is
equation is
7 5 9 11
x2 y2 x2 y2 1) 2) 3) 4)
1)  1 2)  1 2 2 2 2
100 5 80 5 / 4 37. The length of the chord intercepted by the
x2 y 2 x2 ellipse 4x2 + 9y2 =1 on the line 9y = 1 is
3)  1 4)  y2  5
20 5 4 2 2
1) 2 2 2) 3) 2 4) 3 2
AUXILIARY / DIRECTOR CIRCLE 3
31. The radius of the director circle of the ellipse 38. The radius of the circle passing through the
9 x 2  25 y 2  18 x  100 y  116  0 is x2 y 2
foci of the ellipse   1 and having its
1) 34 2) 29 3) 5 4) 8 16 9
32. Tangents one to each of the ellipses centre at  0,3 is
2 2
x y x2 y2 7
 1 and  2 1 are 1) 4 unit 2) 3 unit 3) 12 unit 4) unit
a2 b2 2
a  b  2
drawn. If the tangents meet at right angles
then the locus of their point of intersection is LEVEL-I EXERCISE-II - KEY
2 2 2 01) 1 02) 1 03) 2 04) 2 05) 3 06) 2
1. x  y  a   2. x 2  y 2  b 2   07) 4 08) 1 09) 3 10) 1 11) 1 12) 2
3. x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2   13) 4 14) 4 15) 2 16) 2 17) 1 18) 4
2 2 2 2 19) 4 20) 3 21) 2 22) 3 23) 2 24) 2
4. x  y  a  b   25) 1 26) 1 27) 1 28) 1 29) 2 30) 2
33. A tangent to the ellipse 4 x 2  9 y 2  36 cut by 31) 1 32) 3 33) 1 34) 2 35) 2 36) 1
the tangent at the extremities of the major axis 37) 2 38) 1
at T and T / . The circle on TT / as diameter
passes through the point is LEVEL-I EXERCISE-II - HINTS
   
1.  5,0 2. 0,  5 3.  0, 0  4.  3, 2 
1.
x2 y 2
 2
9 16
34. An ellipse with foci (2, 2), (3, - 5) passes
2. ae  4, e  4 / 5
through (6,-1) then its semi-latusrectum is
3. SP 2  e 2 .PM 2
7 5 9 11
1) 2) 3) 4) 4. 2b  10 & 2be  8
2 2 2 2
35. If N is the foot of the perpendicular drawn 5. ae  4, L.L.R  20 / 3
from any point P on the ellipse
b2  a 2
2 2 6. e
x y b2
2
 2  1 a  b  to its major axis AA1 then
a b
a 5
PN 2 7. 2a : 2b  5 : 3 ;
b 3
 
 .; 25a 2 1  e 2  9a 2 .
=
AN . A1 N
9 4
a2 b2 2a 2 2b 2 e  1  
1) 2 2) 2 3) 4) 2 25 5
b a b2 a 8. 2a= 10, focus (1 + 5e, 1) lies on x - 2y = 2
130 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

b 27. 2(4x) - 3y = 35
9. Tan600  4(2x) - 3y = 25
ae
c1  c2
10. 2ae  a 2e 2  b2 d
a 2  b2
 b
11. Tan  28. Points lying on ellipse and S1  0
4 ae
29. Condition for tangency is C2=a2m2+b2
0 b
12. Tan30   C   65
a
13. 2ae = 6, 2b = 8 ; ae = 3, b = 4 30. Verification, substitute (4, -1) in options (or)
Verify condition c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2
a 2  b2 3
b 2  a 2 1  e 2   a 2  25 ; e   31. r  a 2  b 2
a2 5
32. y  mx  a 2 m 2  b 2
 hf  bg gh  af 
14.  2
, 2 
 ab  h ab  h  my  x  a 2
 
   b2   m2 
15. CS : SA = ae : (a - ae) squaring and adding.
16.  h  a, k  x y
33. Tangent at ‘  ’ is cos   sin   1 Put
17. 25 x  32  9 y  52  225 3 2
  1  
x  32   y  52  1; x  3 , T   3, 2 tan 2  , T   3, 2 cot 2 
9 25    
34. 2ae  1  49  5 2 ; SP  S 1 P  2a
 4
 0,  5     x  3, y  5 = (3,1) & (3,9)
 5 35. P   a cos  , b sin   ; PN  b sin 
18. distance = 2be AN  CA  CB  a  a cos 
19. SP  S 1 P  2a
A1 N  CA1  CN  a 1  cos  
20. a  ex1
b 2 sin 2  b2
21. P   x, y  , F1   3, 0  , F2   3, 0  
a 2 1  cos  1  cos   a 2
x2 y2 PF1  PF2 2a
  1 a  b  ;  a 5 36. m  1 ; y  mx  a 2 m 2  b 2
25 16 2 2
2 1
2b 2 2a 2 1  e 2  37. y  1/ 9  4 x  9 1
22. L.L.R   92
a a
1 8
 4 x2  1   ;
23.  and   9 9
2
2 2
x y x2  ; x
24. cos   sin   1  1 9 3
a b
2 2
x  y 2  2 2  2 1   2  length = x1  x2 
3
25. c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2
26. S12  S .S11

38. Foci    ae, 0    7, 0 ; 
radius  7  9  4
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 131
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

7. Locus of the point which divides double

LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-I
x2 y2
ECCENTRICITY ordinates of the ellipse   1 in the ratio
a2 b2
x2 y 2 1: 2 internally is
1. If the ellipse   1 b  a  and the
a2 b2 x2 9 y2 x2 9 y2 1
1)  1 2)  
parabola y 2  4ax cut at right angles, then a2 b2 a 2 b2 9
eccentricity of the ellipse is 9x2 9 y 2 x2 y2
3)  2 1 4)   a 2  b2
3 2 1 1 a2 b a 2 b2
1) 2) 3) 4)
5 3 2 2
x2 y 2
2. If maximum distance of any point on the 8. E1    1  0,  a  b  and
a 2 b2
ellipse x 2  2 y 2  2 xy  1 from its centre
x2 y 2
C  0, 0  . be r, then r is equal to E2    1  0,  k  b  E2 is inscribed in
k 2 b2
2 E1 .If E1 and E2 have same eccentricities then
1) 3  3 2) 2  2 3) 4) 2  2 length of minor axis of
3 5
3. An ellipse passing through the point E2  p  LLR of E1  then p=...

2 
13, 4 has its foci at (- 4, 1) and (4, 1).
1)
1
2) 1 3)
2
4)
3
2 3 4
Then its eccentricity is
FORMS OF ELLIPSE
2 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 9. Axes are coordinate axes, S and S1 are foci,
3 3 4 2
B and B 1 are the ends of minor axis,
4. The length of subtangent corresponding to
 4
 12  SBS 1  sin 1   . Area of SBS 1 B1 is 20 sq.
the point  3,  on the ellipse is 16/3. Then 5
 5
units., then the equation of the ellipse is
the eccentricity is
x2 y 2 x2 y 2
4 2 1 3 1)  1 2)  1
1) 2) 3) 4) 20 16 25 16
5 3 5 5
5. The tangent drawn to the ellipse at the x2 y 2 x2 y 2
3)  1 4)  1
parametric point  , where   tan 1 2 meets 25 9 25 20
the auxiliary circle at P and Q and PQ 10. An ellipse is drawn by taking a diameter of
substends a right angle at the centre of the 2
ellipse, then eccentricity is the circle  x  1  y 2  1 as its semiminor
axis and a diameter of the circle
1 1 2 5
1) 2) 3) 4) 2
x 2   y  2   4 as its semi major axs. If the
3 3 3 3
6. S1 , S2 are foci of an ellipse of major axis of centre of the ellipse is the origin and its axes
are the co-ordinate axes, then the equation of
length 10 units and P is any point on the ellipse
the ellipse is [AIEEE-2012]
such that perimeter of triangle PS1S2 is 15.
1) 4 x 2  y 2  4 2) 4 x 2  4 y 2  8
Then eccentricity of the ellipse is
1) 0.5 2) 0.25 3) 0.28 4) 0.75 3) 4 x 2  y 2  8 4) x 2  4 y 2  16

132 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

11. If the line containing a focal chord of the ellipse 16. If the tangent drawn at a point  t 2 , 2t  on the
x2 y2 parabola y 2  4 x is same as normal drawn at
  1 intersects the auxiliary circle in
a2 b2
x2 y 2
Q and Q1 then SQ . SQ1=  
5 cos  , 2sin  on the ellipse
5

4
 1,
1) a 2 2) b 2
then which of following is not true
3) a 4 4) b 4 1
12. A variable point P on the ellipse of eccentricity 1) t   2)    tan 1 2
5
is joined to the foci S and S ' . The eccentricity
3)   tan 1 2 4)   tan 1 4
of the locus of the in centre of the triangle
LOCUS
PSS 1 is
e  
2e e 1 e 17. P(  ), D    are two points on the ellipse
1) 2) 3) 4) 2 1  e   2
1 e 1 e 1 e
13. Each of the four inequalities given below x2 y2
  1 . Then the locus of mid point of
defines a region in the xy-plane. Let P be the a2 b2
chord PD is
property for any two points  x1 , y1  and
x2 y2 x2 y2
1)  2 2)  4
 x2 , y2  in the region, the point a2 b2 a2 b2
1 1  x2 y2 1 x2 y2 1
3)   4)  
  x1  x2  ,  y1  y2   is also in the region. a2 b2 4 a2 b2 2
2 2 
18. The sum of the eccentric angles of two points
Then which of them does not satisfy property
P: x2 y2
of the ellipse   1 is 2 (constant)
a2 b2
1) x 2  2 y 2  1 2) max  x , y   1 then the locus of point of intersection of the
two tangents at these points is
3) x 2  y 2  1 4) y 2  x  0
1) ay  bx tan  2) ax  by tan 
14. The ellipse x 2  4 y 2  4 is inscribed in a 3) ay  bx cot  4) ax  by cot 
rectangle aligned with the coordinate axes, PARAMETRIC
which is turn in inscribed in another ellipse that 19. The eccentric angles of the ends of latusrectum
passes through the point  4, 0  . Then, the x2 y2
of the ellipse 2  2  1 is
equation of the ellipse is a b
(2009) b  b 
1  1 
1) x 2  12 y 2  16 2) 4 x 2  48 y 2  48 1) tan    2) sin   
 ae   ae 
3) 4 x 2  64 y 2  48 4) x 2  16 y 2  16 1  b  1  b 
3) cos    4) sec   
TANGENTS & NORMALS  ae   ae 

x2 y2  16 
15. A line touches the ellipse   1 and the 20. If the tangent at the point  4cos, sin   to
a2 b2  11 
the ellipse 16 x 2  11 y 2  256 is also a tangent
circle x 2  y 2  r 2 . Then the slope m of the
2
to the circle x 2  y 2  2 x  15 , then the value
common tangent is given by m =
of  is
a2  r 2 r 2  b2 r 2  b2 r 2  2b 2    
1) 2 2 2) 2 2 3) 2 2 4) 2 1)  2)  3)  4) 
b r a r a r a  2r 2 2 4 3 6
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 133
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

21. P is a variable point on the ellipse 25. A bridge is in the shape of a semi ellipse. It is
400 mts long and has a maximum height 10mts
9 x 2  16 y 2  144 with foci S and S1. If K is
at the middle point. The height of the bridge
the area of the triangle SS1P then the maximum at a point distant 80 mts. From one end is
value of K is 1) 4mts 2) 2mts 3) 8mts 4) 6mts.
1) 7 3 2) 3 5 3) 7 5 4) 3 7 26. S is one focus of an ellipse and P is any point
22. A tangent having slope – 4/3 to the ellipse on the ellipse. If the maximum and minimum
values of SP are m and n respectively, then
x2 y2 the length of semi major axis is
  1 meets the major and minor axes
18 32 1) AM of m,n 2) G.M. of m,n
at A and B. If O is the centre of the ellipse 3) HM of m,n 4) AGP of m,n
then the area of OAB is 27. If F1 and F2 are the feet of the perpendiculars
1) 16 Sq units 2) 20 Sq. units from the foci S1 and S 2 of the ellipse
3) 24 Sq.Units 4) 22 Sq.Units
23. The points of intersection of the two ellipse x2 y 2
  1 on the tangent at any point P on
25 16
x 2  2 y 2  6 x  12 y  23  0
the ellipse then S1F1  S2 F2
4 x 2  2 y 2  20 x  12 y  35  0
1.  5 2.  16 3.  8 4.  8
8 
1) lie on a circle centered at  ,3  and LEVEL-II EXERCISE-I - KEY
3 
01) 3 02) 3 03) 4 04) 1 05) 4 06) 1
1 47 07) 1 08) 2 09) 4 10) 4 11) 2 12) 1
of radius 13) 3 14) 1 15) 2 16) 4 17) 4 18) 1
3 2
19) 1 20) 3 21) 4 22) 3 23) 1 24) 4
 8  25) 3 26) 1 27) 3
2) lie on a circle centered at  , 3 and
 3 
LEVEL-II EXERCISE-I - HINTS
1 47
of radius b2 x 2a
3 2 1.  .  1
a2 y y
3) lie on a circle centered at 8,9 and
2. Here centre of the ellipse is  0, 0 
1 47 Let P  r cos  , r sin   be any point on the given
of radius
3 3 ellipse then
4) are not concyclic
r 2 cos 2   2r 2 sin 2   2r 2 sin  cos   1
x2 y2 1
24. If the ellipse   1 is inscribed in a  r2 
a2 b2 cos   2sin 2   sin 2
2

rectangle whose length to breadth ratio is 2:1

1 2
then the area of the rectangle is  
2
sin  1  sin 2 1  cos 2  2  2sin 2
a2  b2 a2  b2
1) 4 2) 4 2
7 3 2  rmax 

3  cos 2  2 sin 2 3 5
a 2  b2 a2  b2
3) 12 4) 8
5 5

134 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

3. SS 1  2ae ; SP  S 1 P  2a S 1 P   a 1  e cos    ; SS 1  2ae

y
4. Length of subtangent is  16 / 3 Let  h, k  be the incentre of triangle PSS 1
m


1 Then by applying the formula
5. 1  sin  
2 2
ax1  bx2  cx3
h
6. S1P  S2 P  S1S 2  15  2a  2ae  15 abc
3 ay1  by2  cy3
 2a 1  e   15 ; 1  e  ; e  0.5 k and eliminating  will get
2 a bc

h2


1  e2 k 2then calculating eccentricity
a 2e2 b 2 e2
7. 2e
will get E 
1 e
13. Region (1) , (2) and (4) are respectively inside of
Let P  a cos , bsin  , Q  a cos  , b sin   ellipse, square and parabola and midpoint of any
PQ : RQ  1: 2 two points in each region also lies in the
region. But (3) represents hyperbola where
h midpoint of two points on this curve can be
There fore h  a cos   cos  
a outside curve also. So, (3) does not satisfy
b 3k property P.
and k  sin   sin  
3 b 2 x2 y 2
2
On squaring and adding Eqs. (i) and (ii) , we get 14. The given ellipse is x  4 y  4   1
4 1
x2 9 y2  the point A, the corner of the rectangle in 1st
 1 quadrant, is (2,1)
a2 b2
8. Minor axis of E2=L.L.R of E1 Again the ellipse circumscribing the rectangle
passes through the point (4,0), so its equation is
9. Verify area of SBS 1 B1  20
10. Semi minor axis b=2 ; Semi major axis a =4 x2 y 2
 1
x2 y2 16 b 2
Equation of ellipse is 2  2  1 A(2,1) lies on the above ellipse
a b
x2 y2 1 1 3 4
x y2 2   2  1 2  1    b2 
   1  x 2  4 y 2  16 16 b b 4 4 3
16 4
2 2 2
Thus the equation to the desired ellipse is
11. SQ.SQ1=b2 ; Auxiliary circle is x  y  a
x2 3 2
 y  1  x 2  12 y 2  16
Focus of ellipse S  ae,0  16 4
 SQ.SQ1  S11  x12  y12  a 2  a 2 e 2  0  a 2  b 2 15. Common tangent is y=mx+c
tangent to ellipse, c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2 ....(1)
x2 y 2 tangent to circle, c 2  r 2 1  m 2  ....(2)
12. Let ellipse be 2  2  1 Foci S  ae, 0  and
a b eliminate c2 from (1) and (2)
S 1   ae, 0  r 2  b2
2 2 2
a m b  r r m 2 2 2  m2 
Let P  a cos  , b sin   SP  a 1  e cos    a2  r 2

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 135

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

16. Equation of tangent to y 2  4 x at  t 2 , 2t  is  4cos 2   8cos   5  0

x  ty  t 2 .......(A) 1
  2 cos   1 2 cos   5   0  cos  
2
x2 y 2
Equation of normal to ellipse   1 at 
5 20   
3
 5 cos  , 2sin  is  21.
1 1
SS b sin  = abe
5 sec  x  2 y cos ec  1 .......  B  2
2
2 cos ec 1 4  4
Given (A) & (B)  5 sec    2 22. y   x  18     32
t t 3  3
 cos    5t 2 & sin   2t 23. If S1  0 and S 2  0 are the equations, Then
1  S1  S 2  0 is a second degree curve passing
 cos 2   sin 2   5t 4  4t 2  1  t 2 
5 through the points of intersection of S1  0 and
1 S2  0
t2 
5
17. Mid point of PD = (x,y)     4  x 2  2    1 y 2  2  3  10  x
18. Two points (a cos 1 , b sin 1 ) 12    1 y   23  35   0
and (a cos2 , b sin 2 )where 1  2  2 For it to be a circle, choose  such that the
a cos  b sin  coefficients of x 2 and y 2 are equal:    2
x ,y This gives the equaiton of the circle as
       
cos  1 2  cos  1 2 
 2   2  6  x 2  y 2   32 x  36 y  81  0 u sin g 1


19. Point  is ae,  b a   x2  y 2 
16
x 6y 
27
0
3 2
20. The equation of the tangent at
8 
 16  Its cent re is C  ,3  and radius is
 4 cos  , sin   to the ellipse 3 
 11 
16 x 2  11 y 2  256 is 64 27 1 47
r 9 
9 2 3 2
 16 
16 x  4cos    11 y  sin    256
 11  24. 2a  2  a  2b, area  2a  2b  4ab  8b 2
2b 1
 4 x cos    
11sin  y  16  4b 2  b 2  2
option (4)  8    8b
This touches the circle  x  1  y 2  42
2
 5 
25. b = 10, 2a = 400
r  d
x2 y2
4cos   16 (120,4) lies on the ellipse  1
4 2002 102
16cos2   11sin 2  26. Max focal distance = SA1 Min focal distance = SA
2 27. Now A.M  G.M .
  cos   4   16 cos 2   11sin 2 
S1 F1  S 2 F2
 15cos 2   11sin 2   8cos   16  0   S1 F1.S2 F2  S1F1  S2 F2  8
2
136 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-II x2 y 2
7. E1    1  0, C  0 is a greatest circle
25 9
ECCENTRICITY incribed in E1 and Greatest Ellipse E2 is
1. S(3,4) and S 1  9,12  are the foci of an incribed in C  0 . If the eccentricities of
ellipse and the foot of the perpendicular from E1 , E2 are equal then the minor axis of E2  0
S to a tangent to the ellipse is (1,-4). Then the is
eccentricity of the ellipse is 16 18
1) 4 2) 5 3) 4)
3 4 5 7 5 5
1) 2) 3) 4)
13 13 13 13 FORMS OF ELLIPSE
2. The length of subnormal at (4,2) to an ellipse 8. The tangents from which of the following points
is 3. Then its eccentricity is to the ellipse 5 x 2  4 y 2  20 are
1 1 2 1 perependicular
1) 2) 3) 4)
3 4 3 2
3. At some point P on the ellipse, the segment
1)  5, 2 2  2)  2 2,1
SS 1 subtends a right angle, then its 3) 
eccentricity is
5, 1 4)  5,1
9. Length of the chord intercepted by the ellipse
2 1
1) e  2) e  x 2  4 y 2  16 on the line y  x 2  2 is
2 2
16 5 16 6 12 3 14 3
1 3 1) 2) 3) 4)
3) e  4) 3 9 5 5
2 2
10. If ax 2  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0
4. An ellipse is inscribed in a rectangle and the
represents an ellipse, then:
angle between the diagonals of the rectangle
1) Its major axis is parallel to x-axis
1
 
is tan 2 2 then the eccentricity of the 2) Its major axis is parallel to y-axis
3) Its axes (i.e. major axis and minor axis)are neither
ellipse is parallel to x-axis nor parallel to y-axis
1) cot150 2) cos 450 3) cot 600 4) cot 750 4) Its axes are parallel to co-ordinate axes
5. If the eccentricity of the ellipse x2 y2
1 11. If ellipse   1 is rotated 900 about
x2 y2 a 2 b2
  1 is , then latus rectum of
a2 1 a2  2 6 origin, the equation of ellipse after rotation is:
ellipse is x2 y2
x2 y 2
1) 2  2  1 2) a a  b b a  b  1

5 10 8  b a    
1) 2) 3) 4)
6 6 6 2
x2 y2 x2 y2
6. If the focal distance of an end of the minor 3) 2  2  1 4) 2  2  1
a b a b
axis of an ellipse (referred to its axes as the
axes of x and y, respectively) is k and distance TANGENTS & NORMALS
between its foci is 2h, then its equation 12. Tangent s t o t he ellipse b 2x2 + a2y2= a2b2 makes
angles 1 and  2 with major axis such that
x2 y2 x2 y2
1)   1 2) 2  2 1 Cot 1 +Cot  2 = k. Then the locus of the point
k 2 k 2  h2 k k  h2
of intersection is
x2 y2 x2 y2 1) xy = 2k (y2 + b2) 2) 2xy = k (y2 - b2)
3) 2   1 4) 2  2 2
k  h2 k 2  h2 k k  h2 3) 4xy = k (y2 – b2) 4) 8xy = k (y2 - b2)

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 137

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

13. The locus of the foot of the perpendicular from 19. Tangents to the ellipse b2x2+a2y2=a2b2 make
the centre of the ellipse x 2  3 y 2  3 on any complimentary angles with the major axis.
tangent to it is (JEE-MAINS-2014) Then the locus of their point of intersection
2 is
1) x 2
 y 2   5 x2  7 y 2 1) x2 + y2 = a2 - b2 2) x2 - y2 = a2 + b2
2 3) x2 - y2 = a2 - b2 4) x2 + y2 = a2 + b2
2) x 2
 y 2   7 x2  5 y 2 20. The locus of extremities of the latus-rectum
2
3) x 2
 y 2   x2  3 y 2 of the family of ellipse b 2 x 2  a 2 y 2  a 2b 2 is

4) x 2 2
 y 2   3x 2  y 2
b  R
14. Slope of the common tangent to the ellipses 1) x 2  ay  a 3 2) x 2  ay  e 2
x2 y2 x2 y2 3) x 2  ay  a 2 4) x 2  ay  b 2
  1, 2  2  1 is
a2  b2 b2 a a  b2 21. The abscissae of the points on the ellipse
2a 2b a b 9 x2  25 y 2  18x  100 y  116  0 lie between
1) 2) 3) 4)
b a b a 1) 3, -5 2) -4,6
3) -5,7 4) 2,5
x2 y 2
15. If the normal at p   to   1 intersect 1
22. S and S are the foci of an ellipse whose
14 5
1
its again Q  2  then cos   eccentricity is . B and B1 are the ends of
2
2 2 3 3 minor axis then SBS 1 B1 is
1) 2)  3) 4) 
3 3 2 2 1) Parallelogram 2) Rhombus
x2 y2 3) Square 4) Rectangle
16. Tangents are drawn to the ellipse   1,
9 5 23. The arrangement of the ellipses in ascending
at ends of latusrecta. The area of quadrilateral order of their eccentricities when SBS 1 is
so formed is
given, Where S & S 1 are foci & B is one end
27 27 27 of the minor axis
1) 27 2) 3) 4)
2 4 55
2 2
A. SBS 1  200 B. SBS 1  600
17. The points on the ellipse 3x  y  37 , where
the normals to it are perpendicular to C. SBS 1  300 D. SBS 1  900
6 x  5 y  2  0 are 1) A,C,B,D 2) D,B,C,A
3) B,D,C,A 4) A,C,D,B
1)  3,5  ;  3, 5  2)  2,5  ;  2, 5
24. If P is a point on the circle x 2  y 2  9 . The
3)  5,3 ;  5, 3 4)  5,3 ;  5, 3 perpendicular PL to the major axis of the
LOCUS x2 y2
ellipse   1 meets the ellipse at M
18. Equation to the locus of the point which moves 9 4
such that the sum of its distances from (-4,3)
and (4,3) is 12 is ML
then 
2 2 PL
x 2  y  3 x 2  y  3
1)   1 2)  1 1 2
36 20 20 36 1) 2)
3 3
2 2 2

3)
 x  3 
y2
 1 4)
 x  1 
 y  3 1 1 3
36 20 36 20 3) 4)
2 2

138 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

25. If the mid point of chord of the ellipse  b  b2

4. tan  ; tan 2 
x2 y2 2 a 2 a2
  1 is  0,3 and length of the chord is
16 25 1  cos  b 2
 tan   2 2
4k
, then k is 1  cos  a 2
5 5. Here a 2  2  a 2  1
1) 2 2) 4 3) 8 4) 10
 a 2  1   a 2  11  e 2 
26. If S and S / are two foci of the ellipse
16 x 2  25 y 2  400 and PSQ is a focal chord 5
 a 2  1   a2  2  6a 2  6  5a 2  10
6
such that SP  16, then S / Q. 
 a 2  10  6  4  a  2
70 74 74
1. 20 2. 3. 4.
9 9 11 2  a 2  1 25 10
27. One focus and the corresponding directrix of Latus rectum   
a2  2 6 6
an ellipse are (1,2) and x  y  5 , its
eccentricity is 1/2 then centre is x2 y2
6. Let the equation of the ellipse be 2  2  1 , It
1)(3,0) 2) (0,3) 3) (3,-3) 4) (0,-3) a b
28. The major axis and minor axis of an ellipse is given that distance between foci is 2h
are respectively x  2 y  5  0 and  2ae  2h  ae  2h (i)
2 x  y  10  0 , one end of latusrectum is Focal distance of one end of minor axis is a  k
(3,4), then the foci are  b2  a 2  a 2e2  k 2  h2
1)  5, 0  ;  3, 4  2)  5, 0  ;  6, 4  x2 y2
So, the equation of the ellipse is 2  2  1.
3)  5, 0  ;  11, 8  4)  5, 0  ; 11, 4  k k  h2
7. Minor axis of E2 = legnth of latus rectum of E1
x 2 y2
29. Number of points on the ellipse  1
50 20  2b 2  18
 
from which pair of perpendicular tangents may  a  5
x 2 y2 8. Point lies on x 2  y 2  9 (director circle)
be drawn to the ellipse   1 is
16 9
1) 0 2) 2 3) 1 4) 4 2ab
9.
a m2  b2
2 a m
2 2
 b 2  m2 1  m 2  (or)
LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-II - KEY
01) 3 02) 4 03) 3 04) 2 05) 2 06) 1 Solve the line y  2 x  2 and ellipse x 2  4 y 2  16 ,
07) 4 08) 2 09) 2 10) 4 11) 1 12) 2
13) 4 14) 3 15) 2 16) 1 17) 2 18) 1  16 2 14 
we get A  0, 2 B 
  and  9 , 9 
19) 3 20) 3 21) 2 22) 3 23) 1 24) 2  
25) 3 26) 3 27) 2 28) 3 29) 4
16 6
length of chord, AB 
LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-II - HINTS 9
10. There is no xy term so we can make perfect squares
1. 2ae  36  64  10 ; C(6,8); P(1,-4)
in x and y from there it is clear it’s axes are parallel
a = CP = 25  144  13 to co-ordinate axes, but whether major axis is
parallel to x or parallel to y-axis depends on values
2. Length of sub normal is ym  3
of coefficients.
3. CB < CS
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 139
 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

11. Lenght of major axis becomes 2b and lenght of 25. Equation of the chord whose mid point is  0,3
x2 y 2 x2 y 2
minor axis 2a. So equation is 2  2  1 is y  3 intersects the ellipse   1 at
b a 16 25
2 x1 y1 y12  b 2 x2 9 16 16
12. m1  m2  2 ; m1m2  2  1  x
x1  a 2 x1  a 2 16 25 25 5
2 32
13. a 2 x 2  b 2 y 2   x 2  y 2   Length of the chord 
5
2
4k 32
14. a 2
 b2  m2  b2  a 2 m2  a 2  b2 thus  k  8
5 5
14 x 5y 1 1 2a
15. Normal at P ( ) is  9 26. We know that   2 Then for given
cos  sin  SP SQ b
This normal passes through
1 1 5 5 1 9
ellipse   2    Now
Q  2    14 cos 2, 5 sin 2  16 SQ 16 8 SQ 16

14 cos 2 5sin 2 16 74
  9 SQ  S Q  2a  10  S Q  10  
cos  sin  9 9
27. CS : SZ  e2 :1e2
  3cos   2  6 cos   7   0 28. Image of (5,0) with respect to 2x + y + 10 =0
2 7 2 x 2 y2
 cos    , cos    cos   29. For ellipse   1 equation of director circle
3 6 3 16 9
is x2 + y2 = 25. This director circle will cut the
 b2 
L  ae,  c2 x 2 y2
16. Tangent at  a  is ex  y  a area  4 2ab ellipse   1 at 4 points
50 50
17. Verification required points lies on ellipse. Hence number of points = 4
1 1
18. SP  S P  2a, SS  2ae
LEVEL-III
19. m1m2  1

b2 1. The radius of the circle passing through the

20. x   ae, y  
a x2 y2
points of intersection of ellipse  1
2 a2 b2
2 2  x2 
 y  a 1  e
2 2
 2
 a 1  2  and x 2  y 2  0 is
 a 
ab 2ab
21.  a  x  h  a ; ha  x  ha 1) 2 2 2)
a b a 2  b2
22. e  cos 450
a2  b2 a 2  b2
 1 3) 4)
23. e  sin , SBS   a 2  b2 a 2  b2
2
24. Take M  B (end point of minor-axis) x2 y2
2.   1 will represents the
ML b r 2  r  6 r 2  6r  5
 L  C and  ellipse, if r lies in the interval
PL a
1)  , 2    5,   2)  3,  
3)  2,3 4) 1,  

140 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

3. A ray of light along the line x  3 is reflected 10. If p is the length of the perpendicular from a
focus upon the tangent at any point P of the
x2 y 2
at the ellipse   1 . The slope of the
25 16 x2 y2
ellipse   1 and r is the distance of P
reflected ray is a 2 b2
4 8 15 15 2a b 2
1) 2) 3) 4)  2 is equal to
15 15 8 4 from the focus , then
r p
4. The maximum area of the triangle inscribed
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 0
x2 y2
in the ellipse   1 is x2 y 2
a2 b2 11. Given an ellipse   1 a  b  with foci
a2 b2
3 3 ab
1) ab 2) 3ab 3) ab 4) at S and S / and vertices at A and A/ . A
4 4
tangent is drawn at any point P on the ellipse
x2 y2
5. A point on the ellipse   1 at a and let R, R / , B, B / respectively be the feet of
16 9
distance equal to the mean of the lengths of the perpendiculars drawn from S .S / , A. A/ on
the semi major axis and semi minor axis from the tangent at P. Then the ratio of the areas of
the centre is
the quadrilaterals S / R / RS and A/ B / BA is
 2 91 3 105   2 91 3 105 
1) e : 2 2) e : 3
1)   7 ,  14  2)  
7
, 
7 
   3) e :1 4) a2  b2 : a
 2 105 3 91   2 105 3 91 
3)   7 ,  14  4)   ,  x2 y2
   14 14  12. If P is any point lying on the ellipse  1
a2 b2
6. A ray eminating from the point  3, 0  is whose foci are S and S / . Let PSS /   and
incident on the ellipse 16 x 2  25 y 2  400 at the PS / S   , then which of the following is not
point P with ordinate 4. Then the equation of true :
the reflected ray is
1. PS  PS /  2a, if a  b
1) 4 x  3 y  12  0 2) 4 x  3 y  12
3) 3 x  4 y  16 4) 3x  4 y  9  0 2. PS  PS /  2b, if a  b
7. If 4 x 2  y 2  1 , then the maximum value of   1 e
3. tan tan 
2 2 1 e
12 x 2  3 y 2  16 xy is
1) 1 2) 3 3) 5 4) 7   a 2  b2
x2 y 2
4. tan tan 
2 2 b 2 
a  a 2  b2 
8. If PQ is a focal chord of the ellipse  1
25 16 13. A series of concentric ellipses E1, E2, ….., En
Which passes through S   3, 0  and PS = 2 are drawn such that En touches the extremities
of the major axis of En–1 and the foci of En
then length of the chord PQ is equal to coincide with the extremities of minor axis of
1) 10 2) 5 3) 4 4) 2
En–1 . If the eccentricity of the ellipses is
9. Equation of the largest circle with centre 1, 0  independent of n, then the value of the
that can be inscribed in the ellipse eccentricity, is
x 2  4 y 2  16 is 5 5 1
1) 2)
1) 2 x 2  2 y 2  4 x  7  0 3 2
2) x 2  y 2  2 x  5  0 5 1 1
3) 4)
3) 3 x 2  3 y 2  6 x  8  0 4) x 2  y 2  2 x  0 2 5

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 141

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

14. If a quadrilateral formed by four tangents to 19. An ellipse is described by using an endless
staring which is passed over two pins. If the
the ellipse 3 x 2  4 y 2  12 is a square then
axes are 6 cm and 4 cm the necessary length
1) The vertices of the square lie on y  x of the string and the distance between the
2) The vertices of the square lie on x 2  y 2  7 points respectively in cms is
3) The area of such square is 7 1) 6, 2 5 2) 6, 5 3) 4, 2 5 4) 4, 5
4) Only two such squares are possible 20. An ellipse has the point (1, –1) and (2, –1) as
its foci and x + y = 5 as one of its tangent then
15. The set of positive values of m  m  0  for the coordinates of the point where this line
which a line with slope ‘m’ is a common touches the ellipse are
 34 11
  32 13 
x2 y2 1)  ,  2)  , 
tangent to an ellipse 2  2  1 and a  9 9   9 9
a b
 34 79   32 77 
parabola y 2  4ax is 3)   ,  4)   , 
 9 9   9 9 
1)  0,1 2)  3,5 3)  2,1 4)  2,3 21. For all real values of p   1,1 , the line
16. Let P  x1 , y1  and Q  x2 , y2  , y1  0, y2  0 be 2 px  y 1  p 2  1 touches a fixed ellipse. the
the ends of the latusrectum of the ellipse eccentricity of the ellipse.
x 2  4 y 2  4 . The equations of parabolas with 3
latusrectum PQ are 1) 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
2
1) x 2  2 3 y  3  3 22. The least distance between a point on
k
2) x 2  2 3 y  3  3 x 2  2 y 2  6 and x  y  7  0 is then
2
3) x 2  2 3 y  3  3 k
4) x 2  2 3 y  3  3 1)1 2) 4 3) 3 4) 2
23. Coordinates of the vertices B and C of a
17. Point P represents the complex number
triangle ABC are  2, 0  and  8,0 
1
z  x  iy and point Q complex number z  . respectively. The vertex A is varying in such
z
B C
If P moves on the circle z  2 , then Q moves a way that 4 tan tan  1 .then locus of A is
2 2
2
x2 y 2  x  5 y2
 2  1 , find k
on the ellipse   k , then k=
25 9 25 k
1) 1 2) 2 3)3 4)4
1 1
1) 2) 3)1 4)4 24. If d1 is the distance between the foci of
2 4
x2 y2
18. Let Pi and Pi ' be the feet of the perpendiculars   1 and d in the distance
a 2  p12 b 2  p12 2
drawn from foci S , S ' on a tangent Ti to an
x2 y2
ellipse whose length of semi-major axis is 20, between the foci of 2   1 then
10
a  p22 b 2  p22
if   SP  S P  2560 ,
i 1
i i then the value of d1

d2
eccentricity is
1 2 3 4 p12 p2 p1
1) 2) 3) 4) 1) 1 2) 2 3) p 4) p
5 5 5 5 p2 1 2

142 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

25. If a variable tangent to the circle x 2  y 2  1 x 2 y2

31. A tangent to the ellipse   1 at any point
intersects the ellipse x 2  2 y 2  4 at points P 25 16
and Q, then the locus of the point of P meet the line x = 0 at a point Q. Let R be the
intersection of tangents to the ellipse at P and image of Q in the line y = x, then circle whose
Q is a conic whose extremities of a diameter are Q and R passes
3 5 through a fixed point. The fixed point is
1) eccentricity is 2) eccentricity is 1) (3, 0) 2) (5, 0) 3) (0, 0) 4) (4, 0)
2 2
32. Consider the ellipse
3) latus-rectum is of length 2 units
x2 y2

4) foci are 2 5, 0    1 and f(x) is a
f  k 2  2k  5 f  k  11
26. If  ,  1 lies inside the ellipse
positive decreasing function, then
16 x 2  9 y 2  16 x  0 then  lies in the 1) The set of values of k, for which the major axis
 9  is x-axis is (-3, 2)
interval  , k  . Find k. 2) The set of values of k, for which the major axis
 25 
1)1 2) 2 3)3 4)4 is y-axis is  , 2 
27. x  2 y  4  0 is a common tangent to 3) The set of values of k, for which the major axis
x2 y2 is y-axis is  , 3   2,  
y 2  4ax &   1 . Then the value of b
4 b2 4) The set of values of k, for which the major axis
and the other common tangent are given by:
is y-axis is  3,  
1) b  3 2) x  2 y  4  0
3) b  3 4) x  2 y  4  0 2 y22
33. The line x  t meets the ellipse x  1
28. If the variable line y  kx  2h is tangent to 9
an ellipse 2 x 2  3 y 2  6 , then locus of in the real and distinct points if and only if

P  h, k  is a conic C whose eccentricity is e 1) t  2 2) t  1 3) t  1 4) t  2

then the value of 3e 2 is x2

34. If the ellipse  y 2  1 meets the ellipse
1) 7 2) 7 3)1 4)2 4
29. If a tangent of slope 2 of the ellipse
y2
x 2
y 2 x2   1 in four distinct points and
 2  1 is normal to the circle a2
2
a b
a  b 2  5b  7 , then b does not lie in
x  y 2  4 x  1  0 , then the maximum value
2

of ab is 1)  4,5 2)  , 2    3,  
1) 16 2) 8 3)4 4) 5 3)  , 0  4)  2,3
30. The eccentricity of the ellipse which meets the
35. If p, p' denote the lenghts of the
x y
straight line   1 on the axis of X and perpendiculars from the focus and the
7 2
centre of an ellipse with semi major axis of
x y lenght a respectively on a tangent to the
the straight line   1 on the axis of Y and
3 5 ellipse and r denote the focal distance of the
whose axis lie along the coordinate axes is point, then
3 2 2 3 3 2 6 1) rp  ap ' 2) ap '  rp  1
1) 2) 3) 4)
7 7 7 7 3) ap  rp ' 4) ap  rp ' 1

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 143

 ELLIPSE JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV

LEVEL - III - KEY 4. Consider the triangle PQR inscribed in the ellipse
01) 2 02) 1 03) 2 04) 3 05) 1 06) 2 with vertices having eccentric angles 1 ,  2 , 3
07) 3 08) 1 09) 3 10) 1 11) 3 12) 4 respectively.
13) 2 14) 2 15) 1 16) 2,3 17) 2 18) 3
a cos 1 b sin 1 1
19) 1 20) 1 21) 1 22) 2 23) 4 24) 1 1
25) 1,3 26) 1 27) 1,2 28) 1 29) 3 30) 4 PQR  a cos  2 b sin  2 1
2
31) 3 32) 1,3 33) 2 34) 4 35) 3 a cos 3 b sin 3 1

LEVEL - III HINTS cos 1 sin 1 1 cos 1 sin 1 1

1. Two curves are symmetrical about both axes and ab 1
 cos  2 sin  2 1 cos 2 sin  2 1
2 But 2
intersect in four points, so , the circle through their cos 3 sin  3 1 cos  3 sin 3 1
points of intersection will have centre at origin.
is the area of triangle inscribed in the circle
x2 y 2
Solving x  y  0 and 2  2  1,
2 2
x 2  y 2  1. Its area is maximum if it is equilateral
a b
2 2
of side 2sin 600  3
2 2 ab
we get x  y  3 3 3
a 2  b2 2
The maximum area is
4
 3 
4
2a 2b 2 2ab
 radius of circle  2 2
 3 3
a b a  b2
2
 The maximum area of PQR is ab
4
2. r 2  r  6  0 and r 2  6r  5  0 5. Lengths of semi-major axis and semi-minor axis of
  r  3 r  2   0 and  r  1  r  5   0 x2 y2
the ellipse   1 are 4 and 3 respectively..
16 9
  r  2 or r  3 and  r  1 or r  5 
7
 r  2 or r  5 So that the mean of these length is .
2
11 Let the coordinates of any point on the ellipse be
Also r 2  r  6  r 2  6r  5 r 
5 P  4 cos , 3sin   .If the distance of P from the
3. The foci are S1  3, 0  , S  3, 0  7
centre O  0, 0  of the ellipse is , then
The line x  3 intersects the ellipse 2

y2 9 16 16 49
 1  ,y 16 cos 2   9 sin 2   .
16 25 25 5 4

P 13 91
 28cos 2   13  cos    
28 14
S1 S 105
and sin    . So, the coordinates of the
14
 16 
The ray from S  3, 0  to P  3,  is reflected  4 91 3 105 
 5
required point are   14 ,  14 
 
at P and passes through S1  3, 0  .
 2 91 3 105 
16 1 8
PS1    i.e.   7 ,  14 
5  3  3 15  

144 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy

 JEE-MAIN SR-MATHS VOL-IV ELLIPSE

x2 y 2 3 e cos   1
6.   1 ; e  foci  3, 0  ; p
25 16 5 cos2  sin 2 
 2
S /  3, 0  S  3, 0  a2 b

x2 y 2 ab  e cos   1
P  h, 4  lies on   1  P  0, 4  
25 16 b 2 cos 2   a 2 1  cos 2  
Required line SP.
1 ab  e cos   1 1  e cos 
7. Put x  cos  y  sin    b
2 2 2 2
a  a e cos  2 1  e cos 
2 2
12 x  3 y  16 xy  3cos 2  4sin 2  5 b 2 1  e cos 
 2 
1 1 2 p 1  e cos 
8.   Find SQ, Hence PQ  SP  SQ
SP SQ l 2
Now r 2   ae  a cos    b 2 sin 2 
x2 y2 2
9. Given ellipse is  1 ....(i)  a 2  a  cos    1  e2  sin 2  
16 4  
Equation of a circle centered at 1, 0  can be  a 2 e 2 cos 2   2e cos   1
2
written as  x  1  y 2  r 2 .....(ii)  a 2 1  e cos  
2
 r  a 1  e cos  
The abscissae of the intersection points of the circle
and the ellipse is given by the equation 2a b 2 2 1  e cos 
Now  2  1
r p 1  e cos  1  e cos
2 16  x 2
 x  1   r2 11. Veificat ion : Draw a tangent at B Now
4
/ /
S / R / RS  2ae  b , A B BA  2ab ratio e : 1
i.e. 4  x  2 x  1  16  x  4r
2 2 2

12. SP  S 1P  2a  a  b  , SP  S 1P  2b  a  b 
i.e. 3 x  8 x  20  4r  0
2 2
 (1) is true, (2) is true
If the circle lies inside the ellipse, then the roots of
2S[perimeter] = SP+S1P+SS1 =2a+2ae =2a(1+e)
the above equation must be imaginary or equal i.e.
11
   S b S c  S  a S c
(3)  tan tan 
D  0 i.e. 64  12  4r  20   0  r 
2
2 2 S  S  c S  S  b
3

11 S  c 2S  2c 2a 1 e  2c
Hence, greatest value of r  and the equation   
3 S 2S 2a 1 e

2 2 11 2a  2ae  4ae 2a 1  e 
of required circle is  x  1  y   
3 2a 1  e  2a 1  e 
i.e. 3  x 2  y 2   6 x  8  0   1 e
 tan .tan  , (4) is false
10. The equation of the tangent at P  a cos  , b sin   2 2 1 e
13. The figure shows two ellipse En – 1 and En. The
x y Eccentricity is given to be independent of n implies
on the given ellipse is cos   sin   1 . Length
a b the ratio of minor axis to the major axis, is same for
all the ellipse. For ellipse En – 1, let
of perpendicular from the focus  ae, 0  is
Minor axis = b, major axis = a

Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 145