Orthopantomograph® OP200 & OP200 D

Orthoceph® OC200 & OC200 D

Troubleshooting Manual

D500211 (200214) rev 1

Copyright Code: D500211 (200214) rev 1 Date: 14 June 2006

Copyright © 06/2006 by PaloDEx Group Oy. All rights reserved.

Orthopantomograph® and Orthoceph® are registered trademarks of

Instrumentarium Dental. U.S. patents 4,641,336; 5,016,264; 5,425,065,
5,444,754, 6,731,717 and 6,829,326. German patent 4,344,745. Finnish
patents 112594 and 114383.

Orthopantomograph® and Orthoceph® are registered trademarks of

Instrumentarium Dental. U.S. patents 4,641,336; 5,016,264; 5,425,065,
5,444,754, 6,731,717 and 6,829,326. German patent 4,344,745. Finnish
patents 112594 and 114383. Windows® is trademark of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States of America and other countries. Pentium®
is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. Iomega® Jaz® is a
registered trademark of Iomega Corp.

Documentation, trademark and the software are copyrighted with all

rights reserved. Under the copyright laws the documentation may not be
copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic
medium or machine readable form in whole or part, without the prior
written permission of Instrumentarium Dental.

The original language of this manual is English.

Instrumentarium Dental reserves the right to make changes in

specification and features shown herein, or discontinue the product
described at any time without notice or obligation. Contact your
Instrumentarium Dental representative for the most current information.

Manufactured by Instrumentarium Dental

P.O. Box 20
FI-04301 Tuusula
FINLAND
Tel. +358 45 7882 2000
Fax. +358 45 7882 2506

For service, contact your local distributor.

Table of Contents
1 General trouble shooting........................................................................................ 1
1.1 OP200 Does not operate at all...................................................................................................................1
1.2 No exposure & no error message, but movements ok ..................................................................1
1.3 Exposure ok, but no movements..............................................................................................................2
1.4 OP200 Malfunctions, but no error message ......................................................................................2
1.5 Positioning lights do not operate ............................................................................................................2
1.6 Cephalostat programs cannot be selected.........................................................................................3
1.7 DAP reading in Ctrl panel is incorrect.....................................................................................................3
1.8 Ceph lateral program can’t be selected................................................................................................3
1.9 Problem with film image quality ...............................................................................................................4
1.10 Problems with digital image quality........................................................................................................5
1.10.1 Image is grainy or noisy............................................................................................................................... 6
1.10.2 Image is striped ............................................................................................................................................... 6
1.10.3 Image is too dark / light............................................................................................................................... 7
2 Electric trouble shooting ........................................................................................ 9
2.1 Microswitches and position indicators ..................................................................................................9
2.2 General, failure messages ...........................................................................................................................9
2.3 Film unit failure messages........................................................................................................................11
2.3.1 Ch 1 CAS ............................................................................................................................................................11
2.3.2 Ch 2 CAS (film unit) .......................................................................................................................................13
2.3.3 Ch 3 COL (film unit)....................................................................................................................................14
2.3.4 Ch 4 COL ........................................................................................................................................................16
2.3.5 Sy 25 AEC........................................................................................................................................................17
2.3.6 Sy 28 PoC........................................................................................................................................................18
2.3.6.1 Cassette movement, principle ......................................................................................................... 19
2.3.7 Sy 30 PoH .......................................................................................................................................................19
2.3.7.1 Rack movement, principle ................................................................................................................. 21
2.4 Digital unit failure messages ...................................................................................................................21
2.4.1 Ch 1 PC...............................................................................................................................................................21
2.4.1.1 Fiber test .................................................................................................................................................... 24
2.4.2 Ch 2 PAc (digital unit)...................................................................................................................................24
2.4.3 Ch 2 CEc (digital unit)...................................................................................................................................24
2.4.4 Ch 3 COL (digi) .............................................................................................................................................25
2.4.5 Ch 15 bPL..........................................................................................................................................................27
2.4.6 Sy 25 AEC (digital unit) ..............................................................................................................................27
2.4.7 Sy 28 CCd..........................................................................................................................................................28
2.4.7.1 AEC Frequency generation, block diagram ............................................................................... 31
2.4.8 Sy 30 PoC ..........................................................................................................................................................31
2.4.9 Sy 32 PoA ..........................................................................................................................................................33
2.5 Digital image chain trouble shooting ..................................................................................................35
2.6 Common errors..............................................................................................................................................37
2.6.1 Ch 5 *** ..........................................................................................................................................................37
2.6.2 Ch 6 POS ........................................................................................................................................................38
2.6.3 Ch 7 *** ..........................................................................................................................................................40
2.6.4 Ch 8 PSE .........................................................................................................................................................41
2.6.5 Ch 9 rEo..........................................................................................................................................................42
2.6.6 Ch 11 PAr ..........................................................................................................................................................43
2.6.7 Ch 12 dCC .........................................................................................................................................................44
2.6.8 Ch 16 StP...........................................................................................................................................................45
2.6.9 Sy 20 ***............................................................................................................................................................45

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental i

 2.6.10 Sy 21 HHo .........................................................................................................................................................46
2.6.11 Sy 22 Arc ...........................................................................................................................................................47
2.6.12 Sy 23 Inu............................................................................................................................................................48
2.6.13 Sy 24 FIL ............................................................................................................................................................49
2.6.14 Sy 26 EEP...........................................................................................................................................................50
2.6.15 Sy 27 Por ...........................................................................................................................................................50
2.6.15.1 Rotation movement, principle ........................................................................................................ 52
2.6.16 Sy 29 PoL...........................................................................................................................................................53
2.6.16.1 Linear movement, principle .............................................................................................................. 54
2.6.17 Sy 31 PoU..........................................................................................................................................................55
2.6.17.1 Carriage movement, principle ......................................................................................................... 56
2.6.18 Er 40 Core Module ........................................................................................................................................57
2.6.19 Er 41 Core Module ........................................................................................................................................57
2.6.20 Er 42 Core Module ........................................................................................................................................58
2.6.21 Er 43 ***.............................................................................................................................................................58
2.6.21.1 Filament Control Board self check principle ............................................................................. 60
2.6.22 Er 44 FIL .............................................................................................................................................................60
2.6.23 Er 45 InP ............................................................................................................................................................61
2.6.24 Er 46 PAy ...........................................................................................................................................................63
2.7 Indicators and test points .........................................................................................................................63
2.7.1 Led-indicators ................................................................................................................................................63
2.7.2 Test points ........................................................................................................................................................63

ii Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 1 General trouble shooting

1 General trouble shooting

Trouble shooting guides listed in this manual are for guidance and they
are not intended to be complete and thorough. Parts are identified in the
wiring diagram with letter(s) followed by number eg. cable or capasitor (C),
coil/inductor (L), fuse (F), lamp (LA), motor (M), switch (S), coiled cable (SC),
and connector (X).

1.1 OP200 DOES NOT OPERATE AT ALL

Possible causes: Check that:

No power or Site’s circuit breakers are ok

OP200 is not
receiving power. Mains cables are connected inside the
OP200 and the unit is properly connected to the
mains voltage.
Mains fuses are ok and have the correct rating.
Power switch The power on/off switch is at I position. Green
turned off. indicator under the carriage should be lit.
Wrong mains OP200 mains voltage setting on the Power
voltage setting. Supply Board matches the power line.
Problem with Fuses of secondary voltages are ok and that
secondary individual circuit boards are receiving the power
voltages. (green LED’s).
Emergency stop Make sure the problem, why the switch was
switch is pressed. pressed, is solved before releasing the switch
and turning the unit on.

1.2 NO EXPOSURE & NO ERROR MESSAGE, BUT

MOVEMENTS OK

Possible causes: Check

Remote exposure button Signal EXPSW switch and its wiring. Use
does not operate. Sr 74 IOC.
Panel exposure button Signal PNLEXPSW switch and its wiring.
does not operate. Use Sr 74 IOC.
Unit is used in Test mode. The exposure mode selection in the
control panel. Select A or M instead.
Installation. The I/O board jumper X11. Set X11
jumper to OFF or turn S2 to OFF.
Exhibition mode is set when exposure
lights are on but no buzzer is heard
during the exposure.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 1

1 General trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check

Problem with Core Module The generator and exposure signals.

signal PREHREL. Sometimes Replace boards if needed.
this error does not
generate an error message.
Problem with Inverter KVREF signal line broken or KVFB D10
Board signals KVREF or shorted. Replace Inverter Board.
KVFB. Sometimes this error
does not generate an error
message.

1.3 EXPOSURE OK, BUT NO MOVEMENTS

Possible causes: Remedy:

Unit is in the user programming Exit from the user programming

mode. mode to the normal operating
mode by pressing and holding OK
button for three seconds.
Unit is in the service Exit from the service
programming mode. programming mode to the
normal operating mode by
pressing and holding OK button
for three seconds.
Film unit is in cephalostat mode. Tests. Normal operation.

1.4 OP200 MALFUNCTIONS, BUT NO ERROR MESSAGE

Possible causes: Remedy:

Problem with Core Module Set Pr 53 nor to on. If this does

memory contents. not help, replace the Core Module.

1.5 POSITIONING LIGHTS DO NOT OPERATE

Possible causes: Remedy:

Collimator in CEPH or QA position. Select the PAN collimator.
No lights
Collimator in TOMO position. Only
TOMO laser lights operate.
Problem with lights and their Check the 12 VAC power line
wiring. wiring, Interface Board and X19
signals.

2 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 1 General trouble shooting

Possible causes: Remedy:

Problem with pos.panel Check the panel keys and wiring.
connectors or lights key(s). Check both side panels.
In CEPH mode check the
collimator position - if CEPH -
make sure that ear holders are in
lateral position.

NOTE!
Detailed patient positioning instructions can be found from OP200 User
Manual.

1.6 CEPHALOSTAT PROGRAMS CANNOT BE SELECTED

Possible causes: Remedy:

Collimator in wrong position. Check the position.

Cephalostat slot is not detected. Check the jumper position on I/O
board.

Note! If ceph side selection

jumper is not installed, the
collimator apertures in Sr 82 COL
service program are not able to
be determined (film unit).
Cephalostat collimator is not Check collimator position.
ready.

1.7 DAP READING IN CTRL PANEL IS INCORRECT

Possible causes: Remedy:

Either radiation rate constant is Check collimator aperture

not set or collimator aperture settings and radiation rate
settings undefined. constant in Sr 82 COL and Sr 78
THA service programs.

1.8 CEPH LATERAL PROGRAM CAN’T BE SELECTED

Possible causes: Remedy:

Core Module doesn’t sense LAT/ Check Ceph LAT-switch function.

PA switch changes. Check Ceph main cable in Digital
unit.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 3

1 General trouble shooting

Possible causes: Remedy:

Overexposed image at the end of Check that Ceph LAT-switch

CEPH LAT program. senses LAT position - if not - there
isn’t soft-tissue compensation in
Ceph LAT image.
Check that nasion potentiometer
frequency (caecfrq) is detected by
Core Module

1.9 PROBLEM WITH FILM IMAGE QUALITY

Possible causes: Remedy:

Problem with patient See OP200 User Manuals for details.
positioning
Technique factors not Check that image density is ok for AEC and
correct or not optimal for manual modes.
film-screen combination.
Check that constant contrast value (GCO)
is set optimum for film-screen used. Lower
value increases contrast.
Check the AEC offset for each program
and density settings.
Check that the preprogrammed exposure
values match to the needs and
preferences of the customer.
Check that a newly taken Quality
Assurance film compares to the
customer’s QA reference film.
Problem with beam Verify that OP200 panoramic beam
alignment alignment is ok.
Verify that OC200 cephalometric beam
alignment is ok.
Problem with cephalostat Check that OC200 cephalostat head
assembly is locked.
Verify that OC200 ear holder adjustment is
ok.
Soft tissue not clear in Check that the nasion support value
ceph image mathces with the soft tissue filter value.
Dark room Check that dark room is light tight.
Check that proper safelight (red color) and
bulb max. 15W are used.
Check that the green lights of OP200 are
not fogging the film being loaded, if OP200
and film processor are in the same room.

4 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 1 General trouble shooting

Possible causes: Remedy:

X-ray film Verify that film is processed immediately
after exposure.
Check that films are stored in a cool dry
dark place in vertical position. Opened film
packages are light tight. Film lot is not
expired. Older lot should be used first.
Film processor Check that processing chemicals strength
and temperature are ok.
Check that processor chemicals are
changed frequently.
Check that processor operation lights are
not fogging the film.
Check that processor is maintained
according to the manufacturer’s
recommendation.
Film Cassettes Check that cassettes are light tight and do
not have dents.
Verify that intensifying screens are clean
and without scratches.
Check that cassette has been mounted
with flat side towards the x-ray tube.
Check that panoramic cassette lid does
not have lead sheet inside it.
Verify that intensifying screens and film
used match to each other. Please consult
the dealer for details.

1.10 PROBLEMS WITH DIGITAL IMAGE QUALITY

High quality images with sharp contrast and good detail present optimum
diagnostic information. Images with less quality are usually the result of
one or more common problems, which are discussed here.

Possible causes: Remedy:

Sharp image layer is not correct See OP200 / OC200 User Manuals
for patient positioning details
Overexposed image at the end of Check that Ceph LAT-switch
CEPH LAT program senses LAT position - if not - there
isn’t soft-tissue compensation in
Ceph LAT image.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 5

1 General trouble shooting

1.10.1 Image is grainy or noisy

Possible causes: Remedy:

Not enough dose to achieve Verify that OP200 panoramic

diagnostic image i.e. x-ray beam beam alignment is ok.
not correctly positioned Verify that OC200 cephalometric
compared to the camera beam alignment is ok. Check AEC
frequency value.
Too low exposure values Increasing PCo / gCo and density
settings decreases image noise
Check the AEC offset and density
settings
Check that the preprogrammed
exposure values match to the
needs and preferences of the
customer. Check AEC frequency
value.
Broken main cable, Inverter Check that darkness of the
Board or Filament Control Board columns in a newly taken Quality
Assurance reference image
increases stepwise

1.10.2 Image is striped

Possible causes: Remedy:

Too high exposure values Check that your exposure settings
are reasonable - overexposure
makes image striped in the areas
where is little media on the beam.
Decreasing PCo / gCo and density
settings decreases the amount of
stripes in image.
Check the AEC offset and density
settings.
Check that the preprogrammed
exposure values match to the
needs and preferences of the
customer.

6 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 1 General trouble shooting

1.10.3 Image is too dark / light

Possible causes: Remedy:

Monitor settings are wrong See monitor and Cliniview user

manual for preferred settings
Verify that you are using min. 24-
bit colour. Less colours makes
gray scale changes quantized. For
detailed decription see Windows
and / or graphics board
installation manuals.
Cliniview settings are wrong See Cliniview user manual for
preferred and optimized settings

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 7

1 General trouble shooting

8 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

2 Electric trouble shooting

The OP200 has many safety functions and features assuring the safe
operation of the equipment. In the event of certain user failures or system
malfunction the unit will not produce x-rays and a failure code will be
displayed on the control panel.

2.1 MICROSWITCHES AND POSITION INDICATORS

There are 15 to 18 microswitches and opto sensors
in OP200 models to detect the position of the
various movements of the equipment. All switches
are wired to the I/O Board, and the microprocessor
reads the status of the switches every 20 ms. The
name of the switch is the same as the name of the
signal to the microprocessor. Open switch is 5 V,
and closed switch is 0 V signal level in I/O Board.
Their operation can be checked by using Service
Program Sr 74 IOC.

2.2 GENERAL, FAILURE MESSAGES

In case of malfunction, the unit displays a failure message. Various letters
and numbers will be displayed in the technique factors display positions
next to kV, mA and s. Failure code classification is displayed next to kV. A
special failure code number is displayed next to mA with alphanumeric
information in the s-display.

kV display

Letters in the kV-display indicate the nature of the failure, whether it is

caused by user (eg. wrong collimator selected), environment (eg. low line
voltage) or protection in the unit (eg. tubehead too hot), or whether there
is a serious defect in the unit, which disables the complete operation (eg.
program memory error):

Ch Check. A failure caused by the

user.
Sy Safety. Temporary malfunction or
protection in the unit, caused by
the unit or environment.
Operation is prohibited or
terminated to protect the
operator, patient and the unit
itself. (Eg. the temperature in the
tube head assembly is too high
due to intensive use). After the
corrective action or the wait time,
the unit can be used.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 9

2 Electric trouble shooting

Er Error. There is a serious defect in

the unit, and the operation is
therefore prohibited to protect
the operator, patient and the unit
itself. (Eg. Failure in the Core
Module).

WARNING!
If the unit is further used, FAIL failure may cause malfunction.

mA display

The mA-display shows the actual numeric failure code. Each failure code
has a unique number, to differ one malfunction from another:

kV MA
Ch 1 to 15
Sy 20 to 33
Er 40 to 46

s display

The exposure time display indicates the alphanumeric short form

explanation of the malfunction. This reminds the user or the serviceman
of what the actual numeric failure code means, or sometimes numeric
information of the malfunction, eg. PC for personal computer and COL for
collimator.

kV Time display

Ch-failure CAS, PC, PAc, CEc, COL, ooo, POS,

REL, PSE, rEo, EAr, PAr, dCC, StP,
bPL
Sy-failure HHo, Inu, ArC, FIL, AEC, EEP, Por,
PoC, CCd, PoL, PoH, PoU, PoA
Er-failure Core Module, RAM, ROM, ooo, FIL,
InP, Pay

Failure code resetting

Ch failure codes can be reset by correcting the reason for the failure code
(eg. changing collimator position).

Ch and Sy failures can be reset by pushing any key in the control panel
(up-down-right-left-OK) or in the patient positioning panel.

Er failures can not be reset. Switch the unit off and on, to test whether the
failure was only temporary.

10 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

2.3 FILM UNIT FAILURE MESSAGES

2.3.1 Ch 1 CAS

Problem: “ Ch 1 CAS “ error message is displayed.

Why? Cassette not ready for the exposure in QA and
panoramic programs.
How is it detected? At the beginning of the exposure the state of the
PANCASSW signal is read. The indicator for
panoramic film cassette, optical sensor (D1), is
located inside the cassette holder, behind the
cassette carriage. When the cassette is inserted
the actuator on the cassette carriage moves the
cam away from the optical fork, thus activating
the PANCASSW signal. Error occurs when the
exposure, other than cephalometric, is initiated
and 1) the signal is not active or 2) the signal has
not been inactive since the previous exposure.
The exposure is prevented.

To ensure maximal image quality the panoramic

cassette can not be placed in it’s holder while
aqcuiring cephalostatic image and vice versa.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Panoramic or Remove the cassette and Cassette
tomographic reinsert unexposed one.
cassette not
properly installed or - Error should clear.
not in place.
- If not check the
Panoramic or microswitch operation.
tomographic
cassette not
replaced since the
previous exposure.
Trying to aqcuire Remove pan cassette.
ceph image while
pan cassette
installed.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 11

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Signal PANCASSW Check the microswitch Cassette sensor
passive in the Core operation & adjustment: assembly
Module. Press the cassette against
the cassette tunnel.

- If the error message clears

then problem with the
cassette sensor alignment,
adjust the microswitch or
opto coupler.

- If the error stays then

check the wiring.
Check the wiring: Microswitch S23
or optocoupler,
- Check the connectors and SC4 or C19, C18
wires for open or broken in CR units, X114,
wire. Use the wiring C13, X6
diagram.

- Check the wiring order on

microswitch or optocoupler
Test the wiring :

- Use Sr 74 IOC. Press

cassette sensor to check
that the signal status
changes. When signal is
active (opto sensor D1 free
or microswitch S23 closed),
cassette is in the cassette
holder. Signal is indicated
by In 0 LED8, lit LED
indicates the presence of
the cassette. If the signal
does not change then use
wiring diagram and DVM
(digital voltmeter) to find the
problem.

12 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

2.3.2 Ch 2 CAS (film unit)

Problem: “ Ch 2 CAS “ error message is displayed.

Why? Cephalostat cassette not ready with the program
P11 and P12.
How is it In OC200 models there is an indicator for the
detected? cephalometric film cassette. This microswitch
(S 34) is located inside the cassette holder. At the
beginning of the exposure the state of the
CEPHCASSW signal is read. Error occurs when the
cephalometric exposure is initiated and 1) the
signal is not active or 2) the signal has not been
inactive since the previous exposure.
The exposure is prevented.

Error occur also if cephalometric cassette is

installed and panoramic image acquicition
started.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Cephalostat Remove the cassette. Ceph cassette
cassette not Reinsert it.
properly installed or
not in place. - Error should clear.

- If not check the

microswitch operation.
Cephalostat Remove cassette and Cassette sensor
cassette not replace with unexposed
replaced since the one.
previous exposure.
Check the microswitch
operation & adjustment:
Press the cassette against
the cassette sensor.

- If the error message clears

then problem is with the
cassette sensor alignment.
Adjust the microswitch.

- If the error stays then

check the wiring or adjust
the switch.
Ceph cassette Remove ceph cassette Ceph cassette
installed while PAN
exposure

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 13

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Signal CEPHCASSW Check the wiring: Microswitch S34,
passive in the Core CC4, X130, CC2,
Module. - Check the connectors and X110 or X121,
wires for open or broken C13, X8, Core
wire. Use wiring diagram. Module

- Check the wiring order on

microswitch.
Test the wiring :

- Use Sr 74 IOC. Press the

cassette sensor to check if
the signal status changes.

- If the signal does not

change, then use wiring
diagram and DVM to find
the problem.

- When switch is closed,

cassette is in the cassette
holder. Note that the switch
is connected normally
closed, i.e. the switch is
closed when the actuator is
released. Signal is indicated
by In4 LED5, lit LED
indicates the presence of
the cassette.

2.3.3 Ch 3 COL (film unit)

Problem: “ Ch 3 COL “ error message is displayed.

Why? Wrong collimator selected.
How is it Error is generated when the panoramic (P1 - P5), or
detected? special (P6 -P10) exposure is initiated while the panoramic
collimator is not in the panoramic position. Error is also
generated when the tomographic (P13 - P14) exposure is
initiated while the collimator is not in TOMO position.
Signals COL1SW to COL3SW are monitored in the Core
Module.

14 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Collimator not in Move the collimator to correct Collimator.
PAN position position until it “clicks”.
when panoramic
(Program 1 to 5), - Error should clear.
TMJ or sinus
(Program 6 to 10) - If not check the microswitch
selected. operation.
Collimator not in
TOMO position
when Program 13
or 14 selected.
Signal COL1SW Test the microswitch operation: Collimator.
passive and/or Move the collimator.
COL2SW active in
the Core Module. - If the error stays then check the
wiring and microswitch
alignment.

- Remove THA cover. Visually

check that the switches trigger
according to the code bar and
that switch levers move freely.
Check the wiring: S31, S32, S33,
CC1, X113,
- Check the connectors and wires C13, X8, Core
for open or broken wire. Use Module,
wiring diagram. collimator
code disk
- Check the wiring order on
microswitch.

- If error happens at OT upgrade,

check the collimator code disk,
there are two different models,
OC100 and TOMO. Refer to the
Table on next page.
Test the wiring : Use Sr 74 IOC
and move the collimator to check
that the signal status changes.
Follow the Table below.

- If the signals do not change or

are not correct then use wiring
diagram and/or DVM to find the
problem.

Valid OC200 & OC200 OT collimator switch combinations (closed switch is

active = +5V). There are two different code bars, one for OC collimators
and the other for Ortho Trans collimators:

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 15

2 Electric trouble shooting

S 31 S 32 S 33 COLLIMATOR
COL1SW COL2SW COL3SW POSITION
closed closed open Quality Assurance collimator
closed open open Panoramic collimator
closed closed closed Cephalostat TOMOcollimato
collimator: r:
24 x 30 cm AV
or
10 x 12 in AV
or
*open *closed *open 10 x 8 in AH * TOMO
open closed closed 18 x 24 cm or 18 x 24 cm AV
8 x 10 in AV
or
24 x 30 cm AV
or
8 x 10 in AV or
10 x12 in AV or
10 x 8 in AH
open open closed 18 x 24 cm SV 18 x 24 cm SV
or or
8 x 10 in SV 8 x 10 in SV
open open open No valid collimator

2.3.4 Ch 4 COL

Problem: “ Ch 4 COL “ error message is displayed.

Why? Wrong collimator selected for ceph exposure.
How is it detected? Error is generated when the cephalometric
exposure is initiated while the collimator is not in
one of the cephalostat positions. Signals
COL1SW to COL3SW are monitored in the Core
Module.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Collimator not in Move the collimator to correct Collimator.
cephalostat position until it “clicks”.
position when
program P11 or - Error should clear.
P12 selected
from the control - If not check the microswitch
panel. operation.

16 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Signal COL1SW Test the microswitch operation: Collimator.
active and/or move the collimator.
COL2SW passive - If the error stays check the
in the Core wiring and microswitch
Module. alignment.
- Remove THA cover. Visually
check that the switches trigger
according to the code bar and
that switch levers move freely.
Check the wiring: S31, S32, S33,
- Check the connectors and wires CC1, X113,
for open or broken wire. C13, X8, Core
- Check the wiring order on Module,
microswitch. collimator
- If error happens at OT upgrade, code bar
check the type of the collimator
code disk: there are two different
models.
Test wiring :
- Use Sr 74 IOC. Move the
collimator to check that the
signal status changes. If the
signal does not change, then use
wiring diagram and/or DVM to
find the problem.

2.3.5 Sy 25 AEC

Problem: “ Sy 25 AEC “ error message is

displayed.
Why? AEC base frequency incorrect.
How is it detected? Occurs in the AEC mode if the AEC
base frequency (AECFRQ during
stand by) is below 5 kHz. Exposure
sequence is interrupted.

NOTE!
The unit can be used in Manual
exposure mode.

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

+25V or -25V Green LED’s on AEC AEC board, X39,
operating voltages board and Filament Filament board, X35,
not ok board. Check the C13, X27, Power
power lines Supply board

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 17

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

Wrong AEC base Check base AEC board
frequency. frequency with “Sr 90
INS” option “FRE” or
“Sr 78 FrE”. Adjust to
5kHz.
AEC base frequency Check with Sr 90 INS AEC board
drifts. Problem with
AEC board.
Open connector Check the wiring. In
CR models check the
15V regulator.
Broken Core Module: Check the signal and AEC board, X116, C13,
signal FILT15. its wiring. X6, Core Module
Optocoupler.

2.3.6 Sy 28 PoC

Problem: “ Sy 28 PoC “ error message is displayed.

Why? Position error: cassette movement failed during
operation.
How is it This error is generated during the cassette movement if
detected? the Core Module does not receive the CASLIMSW or
CASMIDSW signal within a predefined time. Core Module
assumes that the cassette is not moving and interrupts
all movements and exposure.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Microswitches. Use Sr 74 IOC. Test Microswitches or
Cassette moves, but the signals, move the optocouplers, X114,
S 24 & S 25 (or D2 & cassette tunnel by SC4 or C18, C19 in CR
D3) CASLIMSW, hand. Adjust the models, C13, X6, Core
CASMIDSW may not switches if needed. Module
operate properly.
Control or power. Check the motor Core Module, PAL, X 5,
Cassette stepping control signals. All red Interface board, X 16,
motor or motor LED’s should be lit X17, C13, X112, M4 &
driving circuitry in when motor moving. Gear assembly
Interface board may
not operate properly. Check the power, X17, Interface board,
LED’s from the Power Supply board
Interface & Power & fuses, C13, X114,
Supply boards. Check X115, M4
the wiring.
Mechanical. Too little Clean the friction
friction between the surface with alcohol.
drive wheel and
friction surface

18 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Problem with motor Replace the motor M4 & gear assembly
or gear assembly and gear assembly.
Control. TIMER ICD 27 Replace the Core Core Module
(8254) in Core Module Module.
may not operate
Problem with wiring Check the wiring.

2.3.6.1 Cassette movement, principle

Movement is generated by using a stepping motor, a gear assembly and a

drive wheel, which is forced against a friction surface of the cassette
holder. There are two position indicators for cassette carriage movement.
These optical sensors (or microswitches in older models) are located
inside the cassette holder, behind the cassette carriage.

CASLIMSW one sensor (D 2 or microswitch S 24) to indicate either end of

the cassette movement.

CASMIDSW the sensor (D 3 or microswitch S 25) to indicate mid position of

the cassette movement, also indicating left and right segments of the
movement.

Cassette carriage position is indicated as follows. Note that S24 is

connected as normally closed, microswitch opens when the actuator is
pressed. Optical sensor is considered closed when the optical path from
transmitter to receiver is free, i.e. the signal is active. Closed microswitch
or active signal lights the LED in Sr 74 IOC:

D 2 / S 24 D 3 / S 25 CARRIAGEPOSITION
CASLIMSW CASMIDSW (viewed from tubehead towards
In0 LED7 In0 LED6 cassette)
closed open left limit (end)
open open left half
open closed right half
closed closed right limit (end)

2.3.7 Sy 30 PoH

Problem: “ Sy 30 PoH “ error message is displayed.

Why? Position error: cassette holder vertical movement
failed during operation
How is it This error is generated if the Core Module does not
detected? receive the RACKLIMSW or RACKMIDSW within a
predefined time. Core Module assumes that the
cassette holder is not moving vertically and interrupts
all movements and possible exposure sequence.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 19

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Microswitches. S 21 Use Sr 74 IOC. Test S 21, S22, SC4 or C18,
or S 22 may not the signals, lift and C19 in CR models,
operate properly or lower the rack. Adjust X114, C13, X6 Core
they hit the when needed. Module
mechanical limit
before switching.
Signals RACKLIMSW
and RACKMIDSW
Control & power. Check the control Core Module, X 5,
Rack motor or rack from Core Module to Interface board, X 16 ,
motor drive in Interface board. C13, X114, SC4or C18,
Interface Board may Check the motor M5
not operate. Problem control red LED’s: all
with relay. should lit when unit is
rotating. Check
X16and X17
connections.
No motor power. Check F2 on Power Power Supply board,
Supply board. Check X26, C5, X15
LED’s on Interface
board.
Problem with gear Adjust the motor & Gear assembly.
assembly. Holder gear assembly
slides slightly down tension with the
after the motor screw on top of the
stopped. assembly or

Replace Interface
board with Interface
board OT and change
the PAL version. New
board type has
stand-by current to
hold the motor.
Cassette holder stuck, Release the grid lock:
does not move up nor
down. Gear assembly remove X21 on
in gridlock. Interface board, press
cass up or down key.

If this does not help,

remove the cassette
holder and
disassemble the
motor assembly.
Problem with wiring. If equipped, check SC4
Cables inside the that the coiled cable
cassette holder may moves freely.
inhibit the vertical
movement

20 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

2.3.7.1 Rack movement, principle

Movement is generated by using a DC motor, gear assembly and cogged

belts. There are two position indicators for the vertical movement of the
cassette holder. These microswitches are located on the cassette holder
support frame and are accessible from inside the rotating unit.

RACKLIMSW one microswitch (S 22) to indicate either end of the cassette

holder vertical movement.

RACKMIDSW one microswitch (S 21) to indicate mid position of the

cassette holder vertical movement, also indicating upper and lower
segments together with RACKLIMSW-signal.

Cassette holder position is indicated to Core Module as follows (note that

S 21 and S 22 are connected as normally closed):

S 22 S 21 HOLDER
RACKLIMSW RACKMIDSW POSITION
In0 LED2 In0 LED3
closed closed up
open closed upper half
open open lower half
closed open down

2.4 DIGITAL UNIT FAILURE MESSAGES

2.4.1 Ch 1 PC

Problem: “ Ch 1 PC “ error message is

displayed.
Why? Detector not found.
How is it detected? Error is generated when user has
pressed OP200 D or OC200 D
exposure button and Core
Module doesn’t receive PC ready
message

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

1. No respond from
camera because:

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 21

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

a) The camera Check that the CCD- Camera / Detector,

(corresponding to detector is connected to OP200 D /
the selected the PAN or CEPH head OC200 D,
imaging program) according to the imaging control panel
is not connected. program selected from
the OP200 D / OC200 D
control panel.
b) PCI Board is not Make sure that PCI Board PC, PCI Board
properly installed is installed on PC and the driver, PCI Board
driver has recocnized PCI
Board. Also check that
LINK_OK LED H1 is ON
on the board.
c) Wiring fault (C67: Check the wiring and PAN AEC Terminal
RXD2, TXD2) PAN AEC Terminal. If Core Board, Core Module
between the PAN Module is receiving “PC
AEC Terminal Board Ready” message LED H4
and the Core on the Core Module is
Module. blinking after “Start OPD/
OCD image...” -button is
pressed in Cliniview.
d) Missing Check that LED H4 on the PAN AEC Terminal
PERMANENT_+5V PAN AEC Terminal is ON. Board, PAN
supply voltage LED tells you if Terminal Connector Board,
from the camera senses camera Camera Connector
(Terminal Board:H4, connection or in case of Board
Cables C47, C68) fixed PAN head the
jumper J1 is installed.
2. Image capture Check that you have Cliniview
not started on CV initialized imaging
sequence by pressing
“Start OPD/OCD image
capturing session”
-button
3. Fiber optic link Check that LINK_OK LED PCI Board
NOT OK H1 on PCI Board is ON
a) PC not Check that PC is ON and PC, OP200 D/
connected or Cliniview has been OC200 D, Cliniview
POWER OFF started after powering
OP200 D / OC200 D.
Note: If OP200 is
switched OFF while
Cliniview is ON you must
either restart Cliniview or
press “Start OPD/OCD
image...”
-button

22 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

b) Fault on the fiber Check LINK_OK LED H1 OP200 D /

optic cable or on on PCI Board - it should OC200 D, PC
the optical be ON after Cliniview has
connectors been started. If LINK_OK
LED is NOT ON make link
test procedure.
4. Gain file problem
a) Gainfile is not Check that your PC, installation
found camera’s gainfile is media, gain file
saved under your media
Instrumentarium
Imaging\Cliniview\Dicc\
Ortho\Gainfiles\ folder.
From Cliniview’s Help -
systeminfo/Device verify
that Cliniview has
recognized the needed
gainfile in panoramic or
cephalometric imaging.
b) Gainfile does not Check that Gainfile PC, installation
correspond to the number matches to media, gain file
camera camera / detector media
number
5. Is +34Vdc on?
Check if emergency
switch is pressed.

Error occurs only if

switch is pressed right
after imaging sequency
is started. After this error
message Ch5 30.0 is
shown.

Check from: CV/About Is the LINK OK

CliniView/HW Info
Is the Terminal board found

The camera (corresponding to the selected

imaging program) is not connected.
Emergency switch pressed PCI card is not properly installed
Occurs only if switch is pressed Image acquisition (xIMAGE) is active during
after this error message Ch5 Is +34Vdc on
right after imaging sequency Check from OP200 serial communication attempt
30.0 is shown
started
Camera supply voltages (xPOWER) active
during serial communication attempt

No response from camera Wiring fault (C67: RXD2, TXD2) between

CH1 PC "Imaging chain not the PAN AEC terminal board and the
ready for imaging" OPCPU
Wiring fault (C47 and C68: CAM_RXD,
CAM_TXD) between the PAN AEC terminal
Image capture not started on CV board and the OPCPU
Missing PERMANENT_+5V supply voltage
from the camera (Terminal Brd:H4, Cables
C47, C68)

Fiber optic link NOT OK (Check PC not connected or POWER OFF

LINK_OK LED) Fault on the fiber optic cable or on the
optical connectors

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 23

2 Electric trouble shooting

2.4.1.1 Fiber test

Terminal Board fiber test

1 Fiber test jumper=ON
2 Connect TXD-RDX test cable
3 LINK_OK led (H4) blinks

PCI-Board fiber test

1 connect TXD_RXD test cable
2 Check Help/About/HWINFO/OP200

204-DICC_ERROR_NO_TERMINAL-error shoul result.

2.4.2 Ch 2 PAc (digital unit)

Problem: “ Ch 2 PAc “ error message is displayed.

Why? Sensor(s) ready in the system doesn't match to the
active program selection.
How is it Before each each exposure SW check based on
detected? the "CASxxxx" message send by PC to OP what
cameras are present in the system.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Panoramic camera Check that fiber optic link is Ceph cassette
isn't in the OK
panoramic head or
installed poorly. Check communication from
camera to PC and from PC
to OP. Check that

• TxD led in digital I/O

blinking
• Camera RxD and TxD
blinking
• CV started and from
system info inform for
found cameras

Check Camera status led

that the camera is powered.
(see status led information
from Electrical operation
and wiring manual).

2.4.3 Ch 2 CEc (digital unit)

Problem: “ Ch 2 CEc “ error message is displayed.

24 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Why? Sensor(s) ready in the system doesn't match to the

active program selection.
How is it Before each each exposure SW check based on
detected? the "CASxxxx" message send by PC to OP what
cameras are present in the system.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Too high exposure Check that fiber optic link is Ceph cassette
values or not OK
enough time
between exposures. Check communication from
camera to PC and from PC
to OP. Check that

• TxD led in digital I/O

blinking
• Camera RxD and TxD
blinking
• CV started and from
system info inform for
found cameras

Check Camera status led

that the camera is powered.
(see status led information
from Electrical operation
and wiring manual).
J4 installed Check J4 in PAN AEC
terminal

is FO LINK ok
communication ok from TxD led in digital I/O blinking
No cephalometric camera camera to PC and from PC to Camera RxD and TxD blinking
present when cephalometric OP?
exposure initiated Check system info for found
CV started cameras
CEc
Is camera in ceph head and
connected properly Camera powered

Ch2 PAc and CEc is FO LINK ok

communication ok from TxD led in digital I/O blinking
No panoramic camera present camera to PC and from PC to Camera RxD and TxD blinking
when panoramic exposure OP?
initiated Check system info for found
CV started cameras
PAc
Is camera in pan head and
connected properly Camera powered

2.4.4 Ch 3 COL (digi)

Problem: “ Ch 3 COL “ error message is

displayed.
Why? Wrong collimator selected.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 25

2 Electric trouble shooting

How is it detected? Error is generated when selected

program from the control panel
doesn’t match to the collimator
position.

Possible Check or test: Parts related:

causes:

Collimator not Move the collimator to correct Collimator and

in PAN position position until it “clicks”. - Error wiring
when should clear. - If not check the
panoramic microswitch operation.
(Program 1 to 5
or Program 9 to
10) selected.
Collimator Test the microswitch Collimator.
signals are operation: Move the
passive in the collimator. - If the error stays
Core Module. then check the wiring and
microswitch alignment. -
Remove THA cover. Visually
check that the switches trigger
according to the code bar and
that switch levers move freely.
Check the wiring: - Check the S31, S32, S33,
connectors and wires for open C62, X113, C67,
or broken wire. Use wiring X6, Core Module
diagram. - Check the wiring
order on microswitch.
Test the wiring: Use Sr 74 IOC
and move the collimator to
check that the signal status
changes. Follow the Table
below. - If the signals do not
change or are not correct then
use wiring diagram and/or
DVM to find the problem.

S 31 S 32 S 33 S QA COLLIMATOR
COL1SW COL2SW COL3SW COL2SW POSITION
closed open open closed Quality
Assurance
collimator
closed open open open Panoramic
collimator
open closed open open Cephalostat
collimator:

26 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

open open open open Novalid

collimator

2.4.5 Ch 15 bPL

Problem: “ Ch 15 bPL “ error message is

displayed.
Why? If patient positioning device for VT
is in normal panoramic layer is not
possible to perform.
How is it detected? VT patient positioning devices is
electrically identified and
detected.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Not VT program Remove VT patient positioning
selected and VT device or select VT program.
patient
positioning
device attached.

2.4.6 Sy 25 AEC (digital unit)

Problem: “ Sy 25 AEC “ error message is

displayed.
Why? No AEC base frq detected by
embedded sw.
How is it detected? After exposure button is pressed
but before real dose dependent
AEC frequency Core Module see
base frq in order to detect fail in
this feedback signal. If no signal
activity in this line is detected this
error is displayed.

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

Missing supply Wiring, connectors
voltage from the and AEC frq
Digital I/O brd mAfrq calibration. For
line, wiring fault detailted connector
between Digital I/O numbers see
brd and PAN AEC electrical operation
terminal brd. manual and wiring
diagram.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 27

2 Electric trouble shooting

Wiring fault between terminal and CPU PC not connected or POWER OFF
Fiber optic link NOT OK (check LINK_OK
Missing FILT5 from the CPU (done in the The AECFRQ doesn't reach OPD led) Fault on the fiber optic cable or on the
terminal, should give Er43 or Er44 on the CPU optical connector
POWER UP) Terminal brd doesn't sent the frq
Fault on the PAN AEC terminal brd
Fault on the Digital I/O or Core module brd
Fault on the CEPH head brd

Sy25 AEC 'base AEC

frq missing'

NOTE!
Both frequency lines (paecfrq and caecfrq) drive the same digital I/O
board line.

2.4.7 Sy 28 CCd

Problem: Sy 28 CCd error message is

displayed.

Why? Imaging chain error during

exposure.
How is it detected? This error is generated if the
frequency on the AECFRQ -line is
• out of range (0.8 - 655kHz)
• lower during exposure than
during preheat time.

NOTE!
Sy 25 AEC is generated if signal line to Core Module is not functioning.

Possible causes: Check or test Parts related

1 Terminal Board Check with Pr68 FRE

does not send
the frequency:
1.1) Fiber optic link Check LINK_OK LEDs PAN AEC Terminal
NOT OK because of: on the Terminal Board, CEPH Terminal
Board and on the PCI Board, PCI Board.
Board
1.1.1) PC not Check PC. PC, PCI Board
connected or POWER
OFF

28 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test Parts related

1.1.2) Fault on the Check that the fiber Fiber cables C41, C50
fiber optic cable or optic cable and C67.
bad connection connectors are
properly connected.
Do the link test
procedure to the fiber
cables.
1.2) No or interfered Monitor the image
image data from the capture window
camera caused by: whether the image
appears there during
exposure?
1.2.1) Missing Check that all the PAN AEC or CEPH
PPOWER (PAN) or supply voltage LEDs Terminal Board,
CPOWER (CEPH) on are lit on the Camera Camera Supply
Terminal Board Supply Board (PAN) or Board, CEPH Head
on the CEPH Head Board, Cables C63,
Board (CEPH) when C67, C50, C52
the exposure button
is pressed.
1.2.2) Missing PIMAGE Check that the PAN AEC or CEPH
(PAN) or CIMAGE PIMAGE LED or Terminal Board,
(CEPH) on Terminal CIMAGE LED is lit on CEPH Head Board,
Board the corresponding Cables C67, C50, C52
Terminal Board.
1.2.3) Missing Measure the PAN AEC or CEPH
PDETCLK (PAN) or frequency between Terminal Board
CDETCLK (CEPH) on the Terminal Board
Terminal Board test points TP5 and
TP6 with a
multimeter: If a
frequency greater
than 0 is found
during the exposure,
the line is working.
1.2.4) Missing supply Check A2a. Check Cables C47, C51, C63,
voltage on the cables C51, C63. C68. PAN AEC or
camera Check cable C47 CEPH Terminal Board
(PAN) or C68 (CEPH).
Replace Terminal
Board. Replace
Camera.
1.2.5) Missing image Check A2d. Replace PAN AEC or CEPH
data control signals Terminal Board. Terminal Board,
(SS, VV, H/L and DS) Check cable C47 Camera Supply
(PAN) or C68 (CEPH). Board, CEPH Head
Replace camera. Board, cable C47
(PAN) or C68 (CEPH).
PAN or CEPH Camera.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 29

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test Parts related

1.2.6) Missing IMAGE Check A2b and A2c. PAN AEC or CEPH
or TDI+/- signals on Replace Terminal Terminal Board,
the PAN camera Board. Replace cable Camera Supply
C47 (PAN) or C68 Board, CEPH Head
(CEPH). Replace Board, cable C47
camera (PAN) or C68 (CEPH).
PAN or CEPH Camera.
1) Fault on the Replace Terminal PAN AEC or CEPH
Terminal Board Board Terminal Board
2.1) Wiring fault Check PAECFRQ (PAN) Cables C67, C52 and
between the Terminal or CAECFRQ and C50)
Board and the Core CEPH_AEC (CEPH)
Module lines from the
corresponding
Terminal Board to the
Core Module.
2.2) Missing FILT5 Check by turning the
from the Core Module OP power OFF and
back ON whether
Er43 and Er44
appear: If not, FILT5 is
OK. See Er43 and 44
errors.
2.3) Fault on the Core Replace the board. Core Module.
Module
3) The AECFRQ Check with Sr 90 CIN
frequency is out of that during the
range (0.8 - 655kHz) exposure is within the
limits (0.8 - 655kHz).
3.1)Misadjusted AEC Do the PAN AEC PAN AEC Terminal
frequency on the adjustment Board.
PAN AEC Terminal procedure (see
Board Installation manual).
3.2) Fault on the Check the image PAN AEC or CEPH
Terminal Board quality - if the image Terminal Board.
is OK (no artifacts)
replace the board.
Otherwise check also
A2a-f.
3.3) High exposure Check that you have Pan Sensor and PAN
values with no object object on the X-ray AEC Terminal Board.
on the X-ray field beam and / or
filtration on the
primary beam

30 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Missing PPOWER (PAN) or CPOWER

(CEPH) on terminal brd
Missing PIMAGE (PAN) or CIMAGE
(CEPH) on terminal brd
Missing PDETCLK (PAN) or CDETCLK
(CEPH) on terminal brd No image data output from the camera
(Check image capture window)
Missing supply voltage(s) on the camera
Missing image ctrl signal (VV, DS, H/L or
SS) MIsadjusted AECfrq on PAN AEC terminal
brd
Missing IMAGE or TDI +/- signal on the Terminal doesn't sent Fault on the terminal brd
camera the frq Frq out of range
High exposure values used with no object
This should occur in very on the X-ray fiel: overflow on CPU frq
narrow time window wiring fault between terminal detection
and digital I/O brd
normally Sy25 AEC

Also should give Sy25 AEC Sy28CCd 'AECFRQ out of

right after exposure button is range (0.8-655kHz)' during
pressed
Digital I/ O brd failure exposure cyckle
Connector between Core
module and digital I/O brd

2.4.7.1 AEC Frequency generation, block diagram

• AECFREQ: Frequency generated by the Terminal Board. Requires that

• LINK_OK is active during exposure. On panoramic imaging
programs the frequency also relates to the dose measured by the
Panoramic camera.
• PPOWER / CPOWER: Enables PAN / CEPH camera supply voltages
• PIMAGE / CIMAGE: PAN / CEPH image acquisition enable

PDETCLK / CDETCLK: PAN / CEPH detector clock; “scanning speed of the

cassette”.

2.4.8 Sy 30 PoC

Problem: “ Sy 30 PoC “ error message is

displayed.

Why? Ceph movement positioning error

How is it detected? Appears if the CEPH linear
movement (camera and
secondary collimator) arrives to
the end limit (CEPHLIM is
activated) before the exposure is
ended.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 31

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Beam is not correctly Check beam Beam Alignment

aligned: The Beam alignment and beam Board Head Board
Alignment Board detection Core Module Cabling
forces the Core functionality
Module to increase
the scan speed for
too long period.
Short circuit in Check CEPHLIM and Movement Detection
CEPHLIM signal (or CEPHMID signaling Board
between CEPHLIM from Movement Ceph Straight Conn
and CEPHMID signals) Detection Board to Board
Core Module Ceph Terminal Board
Head Board
Core Module Cabling
CEPHLIM or CEPHMID Check the CEPHLIM Movement Detection
are NOT detected or CEPHLIM signals Board
within predefined Check the Movement Belt
time during Detection Board Camera head
positioning Make sure that the Secondary collimator
movements movement isn’t Inspect the drive nut
jammed due to tightness
1 belt crawling
2 camera head
rubbing against
the casting or
3 secondary
collimator rubbing
against the
casting
4 the nut of the
camera or the
secondary
collimator axle is
jamming

32 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Sr 74IOC in 0:

Led 2 Led 3
LIMSW MIDSW

2.4.9 Sy 32 PoA

Problem: “ Sy 32 PoA “ error message is

displayed.

Why? Beam alignment error

How is it detected? Appears if the middle channel of
the Beam Alignment Board does
not detect the X-rays (CEPHC
doesn’t go active).

Possible cause: Check or test: Parts related:

Beam is not Check beam position and Beam Alignment

correctly adjust if necessary Board Secondary
aligned Check that the beam collimator Pan
doesn’t hit to the PAN camera
camera
Check positioning of the
secondary collimator
Check adjustment of the
CEPH arm: The arm is pivot
too much on the column
resulting error on the SID
Beam detection Check sensitivity Beam Alignment
fault adjustment of the Beam Board Head Board
Alignment Board Check Cables
functionality of the Beam
Alignment Board
Check CEPHC and CEPHCOK
(TP16) signals on Head
Board
Check cabling from Head to
Core Module and Beam
Alignment Board

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 33

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause: Check or test: Parts related:

Missing supply Check cpower signal from Head Board

voltages from Head Board (TP22) Verify Beam Alignment
the Beam that the supply voltages Board Cables
Alignment +5V (TP32) and -5V (TP29)
Board are present on Beam
Alignment Board (LED H4)
Check cabling from Head to
Core Module and Beam
Alignment Board
Failure on the Make linear movement (Sr Linear motor and
linear 80) and Core Module I/O (Sr microswitches
movement 74 IOC) tests
Failure on the Make rotation movement Rotation motor and
rotation (Sr 80 ro-) and Core Module microswitches
movement I/O (Sr 74 IOC) tests
Failure on the Check that CEPH drive belt Ceph scan motor
CEPH doesn’t skip teeth and microswitches
movement Check that lock screw of the Secondary
secondary collimator drive collimator drive axle
axle cog doesn’t slide Make
CEPH movement (Sr 80) and
Core Module I/O (Sr 74 IOC)
tests
The user or Check the patient
patient has positioning
blocked an
exposure
movement

34 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Sr 74 IOC in 4

Led 5 Led 6 Led 7

CEPHROK CEPHCOK CEPHLOK

Ceph beam alignement is status of the singnals on the Beam Alignment

Board. It can be verified with the control panel as follows:

1 Enter Pr 91 Ins and select nch using the controlpanel left, right and
OK buttons.
2 Exit Pr 91 Ins and select cephalometric lateral (P9) or PA (P10)
projection imaging program.
3 start exposure and monitor the beam alignment signals.

NOTE!
(CEPHLOK, CEPHCOK; CEPHROK) with the 3 center most LEDs of the AEC
density scale on the control panel.

2.5 DIGITAL IMAGE CHAIN TROUBLE SHOOTING

To be able to locate the problem go through following checklist items.

CHECKLIST
• LINK is OK – from the PCI board
– if NOT – check that red light goes to dark fibre / grey receiver chip
in the brd
– check terminal LINK_OK leds
– make ”linktest” to the whole imaging chain / individual brd
• Start CV, select patient – but don’t initiate exposure - yet
• Start DebugView and check communication in steady state:
– Camera found (HWID) and corresponding gainfiles found
• enable image capturing
– ”CASxxyy”- message is OK
– xx defines found new cameras and yy cameras at a system overall
(see also camera LEDs material)
• if selected collimator & program corresponds to the found camera ->
OP goes ready
• Make exposure (with or without x-rays)
– Program label (exp. values) appear on the image capturing screen
title
– short after this image starts to run into window
– after x-rays stopped there should be end values in the Debugview.
After this DICC set timer to 1,5s since last DMA transfer. Based on
this time delay is image end interpreted.
• Exposure button should turn on the powers in the Cam Supply brd
(observe also Camera Power LEDs)
• Image LED is turned on when image layer movements start
• Test pattern values tell if all databits are there (Cam TDI (=clk) LED).
See the chapter TEST PATTERN IMAGE PROCEDURE below.
• Go through all brds and leds that should be on during exposure

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 35

2 Electric trouble shooting

TEST PATTERN IMAGE PROCEDURE

1 Make sure that CV (DICC) is turned off (only one instance of DICC can
be on at a same time)
2 Start DICCTEST.exe
3 Select:
– "Test Image mode"
– "No gain check"
4 Enable image capturing
5 Take testimage for instance following settings:
– P1 program
– Manual -mode (M)
– Digital I/O OPTION switch ON (X11).
6 DICCtest: Remove Image? : Choose "NO".
7 Close DICCtest application
8 Start CliniView to be able easily measure gray scale values from the
image
9 Create new test patient or open exisiting test images containing
patient:
10 Import image: "CliniView/File/Import/Single Image"
11 Open image from C:\Program
Files\CliniView\DICC\Simulator\DICC\Capture Temp -folder (PNG
format). Choose image type "Panorama".
12 Save the image in PNG format when its opened
13 Measure gray scale values for highest and lowest values from the
lower sensor border (right above black line):
– Lightest = 2945
– Darkest = 2049

If values differ all databits aren't present. Check camera connection and
cabling from the camera to terminal.

36 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Testpattern example image from ceph sensor (panoramic image has only two lower sections):

1921 1025 2945 2049

From upper junction From lower junction

NOTE!
All signalling can be enabled (except X-rays) in exhibition mode (option
switch). Test mode from ctrl panel only makes movement, but it does not
for instance power the camera.

2.6 COMMON ERRORS

2.6.1 Ch 5 ***

Problem: “ Ch 5 *** “ error message is displayed, where ***”

are numbers.
Why? Line voltage is out of limits.
How is it Line voltage is derived by using the voltage to
detected? frequency (V/F) converter in the Filament control
board for measuring the +25V supply. Error is
generated, if the line voltage is 1) out of limits (110V:
80 - 135, 230V: 180-270) and 2) the exposure is
attempted or 3) voltage goes out of limits during the
exposure. When occurred, Core Module Sr 70 Iog
counter #16 is incremented for history data.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 37

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause: Remedy:

Line voltage out of limits. Wait. Problem is usually
occasional. Try again. If the error
occured during the exposure,
process the film - it may be
diagnostical. If the error repeats,
check the line voltage. Use Sr 79
SUP or DVM.
Mains voltage selection “230V”at Power off. Select correct line
Power Supply board with 110V voltage setting and mains fuses:
line voltage. - 110 VAC: S1-S4 turned left
- 230 VAC: S1-S4 turned right

2.6.2 Ch 6 POS

Problem: “ Ch 6 POS “ error message is displayed.

Why? System not in Start position or unit has lost the linear
movement reference.

38 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

How is it PAN: When the panoramic mode has been selected the
detected collimator has to be in PAN position. If these conditions are
? not true, the error is generated and the exposure is
prevented.
CEPH: When exposure is activated

the linear movement has to be at the reference position

(= S17), where LINLIMSW and LINMIDSW are active and

the cassette holder has to be lifted to the upper half of the

movement, where RACKMIDSW is active. If these
conditions are not true, the error is generated and the
exposure is prevented.

NOTE!
If cassette holder vertical movement limit, Pr 56 HLI is
selected “on” and the cassette holder is driven down below
the midpoint by this feature, the unit enters a special state
where the error code is not generated although
RACKMIDSW is inactive. If any of the cassette holder
movement buttons is pressed, this special state is cleared.

TOMO & TMJ: Linear movement is out of bounds or the

system has lost the linear position data. When the
exposure is activated the system 1) has to have knowledge
of position of the linear movement, and 2) this position has
to be inside the bounds specified for the chosen imaging
program (mode). Reference point is LIMMIDSW.

When the user changes the linear movement position

during the patient positioning the system continuously
updates the linear movement position data. Problem arises
when first the linear movement has been driven by the
system on another imaging mode and then the mode is
changed - the system does not know the current position.
Error is generated and the exposure is prevented.
QA: When the exposure is activated the cassette has to be
at the left end looked from the tube head, CASLIMSW is
active and CASMIDSW is passive. Rotation has to be in right
45° - left 45° sector (ROT1SW, ROT2SW, ROT3SW active). If
these conditions are not true, the error is generated and
exposure is prevented.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

PAN: Collimator in QA Clear the error Collimator.
position while PAN message. Select
exposure initiated. “PAN” collimator.
Error should clear.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 39

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

CEPH: Tube head not Press “OK” key to
aligned for ceph clear the error
exposure. message. Press
movement key to
align the tube head.
TMJ & TOMO: Unit has Clear the error
lost its linear message. Select
movement reference correct imaging
or Imaging mode has program. Press
been changed after movement key to
positioning the reset positioning.
patient. Position the patient.
QA: Movement key Press “OK” to clear
not pressed prior to the message. READY
the QA procedure. is not lit. Press
movement key .
READY is lit.
Movement key Press the movement Positioning panels,
function defective. key. If the rotating X48, C10, X7, Core
unit does not move, Module
check the key signal
from the panel to the
Core Module. Use Sr
74 IOC.
Possible problem with Test the movements. Motors, mechanical
movements. Use Sr 80 ro-, Sr 80 Li- friction
, Sr 80 CA- programs.

2.6.3 Ch 7 ***

Problem: “ Ch 7 *** “ error message is displayed. “***” is a

number indicating elapsed exposure time.
Why? Exposure button prematurely released.
How is it detected? EXPSW or PNLEXPSW has changed logical state
during the exposure cycle. Exposure is
terminated and a message displayed.

40 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Operator has If the error appeared
released the before the exposure,
exposure button try again.
during the exposure.
If the error appeared
during radiation,
process the film, it
may have enough
information for
diagnosis. Reposition
the patient and
retake with new film.
Problem with Make several test “ T “ Control panel
exposure switch or exposures, use eg. microswitch, control
switch wiring. Signal program P1. Press panel, SC3, X105, C9,
PNLEXPSW . and release X1, Core Module
repeatively, check
that the unit moves
accordingly.
Check the wiring from
the switch to the Core
Module. Problem may
be intermittent
indicating defective
switch, wire or
contact.
Problem with remote Make several test “ T “ Remote exposure
exposure switch or exposures, use eg. switch, coiled cable,
switch wiring. Signal program P1. Press X103, SC2, X102, C12,
EXPSW. and release X3, Core Module
repeatively, check
that the unit moves
accordingly.
Check the wiring from
the switch to the Core
Module. Problem may
be intermittent
indicating defective
switch, wire or
contact.

2.6.4 Ch 8 PSE

Problem: “ Ch 8 PSE “ error message is

displayed. Message occurs during
power-up sequence and is
cleared after few seconds.
Why? Preventative service reminder
after 2000 exposures.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 41

2 Electric trouble shooting

How is it detected? Pr 59 PSE has been set “on” or

reseted “rES” 2000 exposures
earlier. Software increments this
counter after every exposure.

NOTE!
This feature can be disabled when
Pr 59 PSE is set to “OFF”. This error
code has no effect to the unit’s
normal operation.

2.6.5 Ch 9 rEo

Problem: “ Ch 9 rEo “ error message is displayed.

Why? Automatic or Manual mode exposure was initiated from
control panel, while remote exposure only is allowed.
How is it PNLEXPSW and EXPSW signals are monitored by
detected? software. Unit has been configured with Sr 89 COP, “1
rE” ? “on” for remote exposure only mode. PNLEXPSW
has changed its logical state during the exposure
resulting to an error message. This error message does
not come with test “T” mode.

42 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possibe causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Exposure was Press “OK” to clear
initiated from the the message. Use
control panel, while remote exposure.
remote exposure only
is allowed.
Broken D15 on Core Unit configured with Core Module, D15
Module, if the Sr 89 COP, 1 rE to
exposure was “on”. Set Sr 89 COP,
initiated from remote 1rE to “OFF”. Press the
switch. Signal remote exposure
PNLEXPSW = EXPSW. switch. If the error
disappered, then
Core Module D15 is
defective. For
temporary measures
leave the unit as is - it
can be used from
both exposure
switches, or replace
D15 or Core Module.

2.6.6 Ch 11 PAr

Problem: “ Ch 11 PAr “ error message is

displayed.
Why? Exposure parameters exceed tube
capacity at a given point of time
How is it detected? Before each each exposure SW
calculate estimate of the anode
heat content and based on
selected exposure values SW
decide whether the next exposure
is possible to make without
overheating anode.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Too high Select lower values or wait.
exposure values
or not enough NOTE! Normally user shouldn't
time between have this error message instead
exposures. Sy20 will appear.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 43

2 Electric trouble shooting

2.6.7 Ch 12 dCC

Problem: “ Ch 12 dCC “ error message is

displayed.
Why? Tube head radiation rate
measurement result (dose
calibration constant) is needed to
enable correct dose calculation
result. This constant can be set in
program Sr 78 THA.
How is it detected? During powering up SW checks if
radiation rate figure is set. If not
Ch12 dCC is displayed. This
doesn't prevent exposure dose
calculation result isn't shown due
to this missing constant.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Missing value for Sr 78 THA
tube head
radiation rate. NOTE! Setting THA value
(changing tube head) reset tube
preheat constant. Adjust preheat
with Sr 77 Prh program.

44 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

2.6.8 Ch 16 StP

Problem: “ Ch 16 StP “ error message is

displayed.
Why? Emergency stop switch is pressed.
How is it detected? All movement and exposure is
prevented when +34 secondary
DC-voltage is switched off by
pressing stop switch.

NOTE!
This can be done in either one or
both heads.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Ceph emergency Switch replacement cable behind
switch left upper side door.
replacement.
Cable is missing
in PAN unit.
Emergency Check emergency switches.
switch pressed

2.6.9 Sy 20 ***

Problem: Sy 20 *** error message is

displayed. *** indicating
elapsing waiting time.

Why? OP200 is not ready for the next

exposure.
How is it detected? Exposure is disabled, if the
following exposure would exceed
the average power ratings of the
x-ray tube or stepping motors. If
the exposure switch is pressed,
this failure code appears on the
display. Countdown of the
required wait time (***) is
displayed in the time display.
When countdown reaches zero,
the message is automatically
cleared. Occurrence of this error
code increments the Core Module
counter number #17.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 45

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause Remedy

OP200 is not ready for the next exposure. Wait until the unit is
ready or use lower values
if possible. Elapsing
waiting time (***) in
seconds in s-display.

NOTE!
Manual mode might be possible to perform because AEC need more heat
capacity due to unknown exposure values.

2.6.10 Sy 21 HHo

Problem: Sy 21 HHo error message is displayed.

Why? Tubehead hot. Exposure is disabled as the

tubehead assembly (THA) temperature has
exceeded 75°C.
How is it detected? Temperature switch in THA is open, signal
TMPFAIL active. A lit LED (H12) on the
Filament Control Board indicates active
TMPFAIL signal. This error may occur after
intensive use, especially if the ambient
temperature is high. Message is
automatically cleared when the THA
temperature has dropped below
approximately 60°C. Occurrence of this error
code increments the Core Module counter
number #18.

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

OP200 THA is not Wait until the unit is

ready for the next ready. Relatively long
exposure. waiting time (typically
over half an hour) is
needed for the THA to
cool down.
Problem with Check the signal THA, THA - X32,
TMPFAIL signal or wiring. Replace parts Inverter Board, C15,
temperature switch when needed. Filament Board, C67,
(seldom). Core Module

46 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

2.6.11 Sy 22 Arc

Problem: Sy 22 Arc error message is displayed.

Why? Tubehead or generator failure during the

exposure cycle.
How is it detected: TUBEFAIL signal has gone active (high voltage
has dropped below reference) five times while
KVOK and MAOK signals are active. Error is also
generated if KVOK signal is passive while MAOK
is active (this condition is ignored during the
first 300ms of the exposure). Exposure cycle is
terminated. Occurrence of this error code
increments the Core Module counter number
#19. Single occurrence of the TUBEFAIL signal
causes a momentary shutdown of the
generator, then the exposure continues and
the Core Module counter number #27 is
incremented. This can be seen on film as a
narrow unexposed vertical line.

Possible cause Check or test Parts

related:

Single THA arc. If the problem happened with

patient exposure, look at the
picture on PC screen, it may be
diagnostical. Verify the kV and mA
values used for reference.
Try again. Single arcs are normal
phenomena in an x-ray tube that
occur every now and then. - If no
error then ok. - If this error comes
frequently, it indicates a worn-out
x-ray tube or some other problem
in the tube head assembly or
related components.
Impurities in the Run the THA warming up
THA oil. Several sequence Sr 76 PUP.
THA arcs. - If ok then problem propably
occasional.
- If not then tube head assembly
(THA) may be defective.

Wrong preheat Check the value in Sr 77 Prh, it

calibration value should be around 55.
- If not, run Sr 77 Prh again.
New value is calibrated.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 47

2 Electric trouble shooting

Problem with main Make radiation tests. Use Sr 90

cable C67. Error PIN. Make several exposures and
occurs and rotate by hand: - If the error
repeats usually at occurs at one location, check
the same rotation the wiring, replace C67 if needed
place.
Broken Power Measure rectifier bridge D4, if Power Supply
Supply Board or may be defective. Unit may Board, C1, C2
capacitor C1 or C2. tolerate low kV/ma exposure,
Error repeats. but not high exposure values.
Replace D4 or Power Supply
Board.
Broken tubehead Run Sr 76 PUP. - Check if the THA
assembly. Error error comes with low or high kV -
repeats. Check if the error is related to
output power (=kV * mA) -
Replace the THA.
Problem with Check the capacitor cable C1 & C2, X22,
cabling (C4, C67, screws C1 & C2 and X22. C4
C15), signal
+310VDC & 310V Main cable X23 - C67 - X30 C67
GND Generator cable X37 - C15 C15
Bad mains line Check the power plug Mains voltage
wire connection connection. Unit may tolerate connection
low kV/ma exposure, but not
high exposure values.
Broken Inverter Check the F1 fuse. Replace the Inverter
Board or fuse F1. Inverter Board Board & F1

2.6.12 Sy 23 Inu

Problem: Sy 23 Inu error message is displayed.

Why? Inverter failure. Tube current and voltage are not

rising during exposure.
How is it KVOK and MAOK signals are or go passive (= 0V)
detected? during exposure. This error is also generated if
TUBEFAIL signal goes active five times while both
KVOK and MAOK are passive. Exposure is interrupted
and the Core Module counter number #20 is
incremented.

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

No 310VDC on the 310VDC is indicated by Power Supply

Inverter Board. LED H4 on Power Supply Board, Capasitor C1
Board and LED H1 on & C2
Inverter Board

48 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

Other power Check the LED’s on Power Supply

supply voltages Inverter and Power Supply Board, X27, C67,
missing from Boards. Check the wiring. X35, C15
Inverter Board.
Fuse F1 on Inverter Fuse F1 & foils around it. F1, Inverter Board
Board has blown.
Open connector or Check the generator All high voltage
broken wire. Loose wiring. parts
capasitor wire.
Broken Power Replace the board. Power Supply
Supply Board Board
Broken Inverter Replace the Inverter THA
Board Board (Broken Tube head
assembly) Replace the THA

2.6.13 Sy 24 FIL

Problem: Sy 24 FIL error message is displayed.

Why? Filament failure. Tube current not rising during

exposure.
How is it During exposure sequence: Tube current is not rising
detected? during the exposure. KVOK signal active, but MAOK
signal passive during the exposure. This condition is
ignored during the first 300ms of the exposure.
Exposure is interrupted and the Core Module counter
number #21 is incremented. During power up
sequence: Sy 24 FIL is also generated during power-
up sequence if preheat-reference has not been
calibrated. Normally this is caused by new Core
Module. Use Sr 77 Prh to calibrate the preheat. If Sy 24
FIL occurs at powerup after calibration of the preheat
value, the EEPROM may be defective.

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

Broken filament in Replace THA . THA

the x-ray tube
(broken THA)
Missing supply Check the LED’s & power , X35, Filament
voltages on the wiring Board
Filament Control
Board
Broken Filament Replace the board. Filament Board
Control Board

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 49

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

Problem with Check the generator wiring Filament

signals & wiring and boards. Board, C15,
from Filament Inverter Board
Control Board to the
THA
Wrong preheat Check the value in Sr 77 Prh.,
calibration value. it should be around 50. - If
not, make the exposure. New
value is calibrated.
Problem with new Fill out the OP200 Core Module
Core Module. Configuration Form for
setting data. Replace Core
Module. Reprogram Pr and Sr
parameters.
New tube head Set the thA value.
changed. THA figure
in Sr 78 thA program
not set or changed. NOTE!
After setting thA value run Sr
77 prH program.

2.6.14 Sy 26 EEP

Problem: “ Sy 26 EEP “ error message is displayed.

Why? write failed.

How is it detected? Software will write to the Core Module EEPROM
memory the parameter value and read it from
the same memory location. Amount of memory
write cycles is stored in the Core Module counter
# 22. If the memory contents has changed
indicating a memory problem, an error is
generated. See Sr 70 Scr for details.

Possible cause Check or test Parts related

Core Module Replace Core Module. Core Module

Reprogram the
parameters.

2.6.15 Sy 27 Por

Problem: Sy 27 Por error message is displayed.

Why? Position error: rotation movement failed.

50 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Problem: Sy 27 Por error message is displayed.

How is it detected? This error is generated during rotation if the

Core Module does not receive the correct
sequence of ROTSW1 to ROTSW4 signals within
a predefined time. Core Module assumes that
the rotating unit is not rotating and interrupts all
movements and exposure.

Possible causes: Check or test Parts related

Unit rotates, but Use Sr 74 IOC. Test the S11 - S14, C11,
microswitches S 11 to S signals, rotate by hand. X9, Core Module
14 may not operate
properly. Signals
ROT1SW to ROT4SW.
Problem with motor Check the control from Interface Board,
control. Rotation Core Module to X16, Core
stepping motor or Interface Board. Check Module, X17,
motor driving circuitry the motor control red M3, X112
in Interface Board may LED’s: all should lit when
not operate properly. unit is rotating. Check
X16and X17
connections.
Problem with motor Check F2 on Power Power Supply
power. Power Supply F2 Supply Board. Board, F2
blown.
Unit rotates, but not Clean the friction
enough friction surface with alcohol.
between the drive Use Sr 80 ro-. Adjust the
wheel and friction spring tension.
surface

Problem with Check the cassette Cassette holder

cephalostat lock under holder down position. microswitch &
the rotating unit. There should be spacing sliding rods,
between the ceph lock ceph lock
and lock wedge when
rotating. If not adjust
the cassette holder
microswitches or check
the cassette holder
sliding rods.
Problem with wiring. Check the cables and
their travel inside the
rotating unit.
Timer in Core Module Replace Core Module Core Module
may not operate

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 51

2 Electric trouble shooting

Cassette holder top Check the spacing, Cassette holder

plastic plugs touching adjust cassette holder microswitch
the main support. microswitches.
Unit not properly Check the
released after transportation bolts and
installation. rotation limiters.

2.6.15.1 Rotation movement, principle

Fig 2.1. Movement control principle

Movement is generated by using a stepping motor M3, gear assembly and

a drive wheel, which is forced against a friction surface of the rotation
unit. There are mechanical limiters to prevent full 360? rotation and cable
twisting. There are four position indicators for the rotating unit. These
microswitches are located inside the main support. Rotation angle
information comes from a code disk, which is located on the rotation unit,
under the main support. Rotational position is indicated by four
microswitches (S 11 to S 14) as follows.

The position is expressed in degrees from center position, where

tubehead is at it’s furthermost position from the column (= 0?). S14 is the
innermost microswitch (closest to the rotation axle) in main support and
S11 is the outermost switch. The switches code the rotating unit positions
as follows (in parenthesis is the input and LED associated with the signal
in Sr 74 IOC):

Fig 2.2. Rotation angle reference points with Sr 74 IOC LED states

52 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

S 14 S 13 S 12 S 11 TUBEHEAD
ROT4SW(I ROT3SW(I ROT2SW ROT1SW POSITION
n5 LED8) n5 LED7) (In5 LED6) (In5 LED5)

closed open open open right 120-180°

closed open open closed right 90-120°
closed open closed closed right 45-90°
closed closed closed closed right 0-45°
Open closed closed closed left 45-0°
Open open closed closed left 90-45°
Open Open open closed left 120-90°
Open Open open open left 180-120°

Open microswitch is 5 V, and closed microswitch is 0 V signal level in Core

Module. A lit LED on Sr 74 Ioc indicates a closed microswitch.

2.6.16 Sy 29 PoL

Problem: “ Sy 29 PoL “ error message is displayed. Why?

Position error: linear movement failed during
operation.

How is it This error is generated if the Core Module does not

detected? receive the correct sequence of LINLIMSW and
LINMIDSW within a predefined time. Occurs also when
LINLIMSW goes active during an exposure cycle (linear
movement has reached one of the limit microswitches
S16 or S17). Core Module assumes that the linear
movement is not moving or has reached the movement
limits and interrupts all movements and exposure.

Possible causes: Check or test Parts related

Linear movement, Use Sr 74 IOC. Test the S15 - S17, C11, X6,
but microswitches S signals, rotate fly wheel Core Module
15 to S 17 may not by hand or press switch
operate properly. actuator arms.
Signals LINMIDSW
and LINLIMSW.
Problem with motor Check the control from Interface Board,
control. Linear Core Module to Interface X16, Core Module,
stepping motor or Board. Check the motor X17, M2, X111
motor driving control red LED’s: all
circuitry in Interface should lit when unit is
Board may not rotating. Check X16 and
operate properly. X17 connections.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 53

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test Parts related

Problem with motor Check F2 on Power Power Supply

power. Power Supply Supply Board. Board, F2
F2 blown.
Friction with linear Check the movement.
movement. Adjust the spring tension.
motor axle, fly wheel,
linear actuator and linear
plate alignment.

Problem with wiring. Check the cables and

their travel inside the
main support. Check
that cable bundle is
not pressing S16.
TIMER Digital I/O may Replace Core Module Core Module
not operate
Unit not properly Check the
released after transportation bolts
installation. and rotation limiters.

2.6.16.1 Linear movement, principle

Movement is generated by using a stepping motor, a linear actuator and

a linear plate. There are three position indicators for the linear movement
of the rotating unit. These microswitches are located inside the main
support. Notice that S 16 is mounted in mirror orientation compared to S
15 and S 17.

LINLIMSW

Two microswitches (S 17 and S 16) to indicate either end of the linear

movement. These limit switches are connected in parallel. S 17 is the
reference point to all imaging movements and it is also used to align x-ray
tube (and field) for cephalometric imaging. If S 17 is moved or replaced,
the panoramic layer and cephalostat beam alignment must be verified
and adjusted if needed.

54 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

LINMIDSW

S 15 is for the mid position of the linear movement, also indicating front
and rear segments of the movement. It is used to set OP200 rotating unit
for patient positioning (Programs 1 to 4 and 6 to 9) and it serves as a
reference point for TMJ pointer movements in TMJ imaging (Programs 6 to
9) and linear tomography (Programs 11 and 12).

Linear movement position is indicated to Core Module as follows.

S 16, S 17 LINLIMSW S 15 LINMIDSW In0 MOVEMENT

In0 LED4 LED5 POSITION (view
towards the column)

closed closed Front (= column) end

open closed Front half
open open Rear half
closed open Rear end

2.6.17 Sy 31 PoU

Problem: “ Sy 31 PoU “ error message is displayed.

Why? Position error: vertical carriage movement

failed during operation.
How is it detected? This error is generated if the Core Module
does not receive the ZLIMSW or ZMIDSW
within a predefined time while the carriage
motor is running. Core Module assumes that
the vertical carriage is not moving and
interrupts the movement.

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Microswitches. S 4 or Use Sr 74 IOC. Test S4, S5, X117, C11, X9,

S 5 may not operate the signals. Move the Core Module
properly. Signals carriage by hand.
ZLIMS and ZMIDSW. Switches must trigger
before mechanical
limit.
Problem with motor Check the signals and Core Module, X16,
control. Signals ZENA wiring. Interface Board, X18,
and ZDIR, Z-MOTOR 1 C12, X102, SC2, X103,
& 2. C3, X104, M1
Wall mount assembly Check the switch Wall mount
too low. operation. Adjust the
detent pieces.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 55

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible causes: Check or test: Parts related:

Detent pieces. Check the top detent Short & long detent
Microswitches trigger pieces: longer one piece
in wrong order. higher than short
one.
No motor power. Check the Power X16, Interface Board,
12VDC missing. Supply & Interface X15, Power Supply
Problem with Board LED’s. Board
Interface Board.
Motor operates all Motor wiring. Motor M1, C3, X16,
the time. Motor or Interface Board relay. Interface Board
diving circuitry If problem with panel
shorted. Positioning key, it gives first Er 45
panel key problem. INP.
Clutch. Motor Check the motor Clutch at column top
operates, but slow or clutch tension. Adjust
no carriage with 14mm wrench.
movement
Mechanical. Counter Check the amount of Trim weights
weight trims are too trims: OP200 4 smalls
many/few or they are & 7 big trims, OC200
touching the column 4 small & 23big ones.
interior. sliding
carriage roller
movements
Mechanical. Problem S/N 70xxx: adjust Sliding carriage.
with sliding carriage with shim plates.
rollers. From S/N 71xxx:
adjust the roller slack.

2.6.17.1 Carriage movement, principle

Movement is generated by using a DC motor, gear assembly and pulleys.

Vertical carriage and counter weight are connected to pulleys with steel
cables.

There are two position indicators for the vertical carriage movement.
These microswitches are located inside the rear support assembly, at the
rear of the column unit. The height of the vertical carriage is detected by
two short detent pieces located in the groove of the column. These pieces
are adjusted at the factory so that they will stop the carriage 10 - 20 mm
before the mechanical limits.

The height of the cassette holder can be limited by lowering the cassette
holder to the half way up position. When this feature is activated, cassette
holder is lowered when S4 is actuated by the long detent piece located in
the right groove of the column (looking from behind the column). This
piece is adjusted at the factory so that the cassette holder always stays
below the height of the column. This feature is activated by user program
“Pr 56 HLI” -> “on”. Note that the longer detent piece is also used to
distinguish the difference between upper and lower limits.

56 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

ZLIMSW

One microswitch (S 5) to indicate either end of the vertical carriage

movement

ZMIDSW

One microswitch (S 4) to indicate cassette holder height limiting area of

vertical carriage movement, also indicating upper limit together with the
ZLIMSW-signal.

Vertical movement position is indicated to Core Module as follows:

S 5 ZLIMSW In5 LED4 S 4 ZMIDSW In5 CARRIAGE POSITION

LED3

closed Closed upper limit

open Closed upper segment
(height limit area)
open Open lower segment
closed Open Lower limit

2.6.18 Er 40 Core Module

Problem: Er 40 CPU error message is displayed.

Why? Core Module error: Core Module processing failure

How is it Software has detected internal Core Module RAM
detected? failure.

Possible cause: Parts related: Check or test:

Core Module Switch off. Try again. If Core Module.

processing error comes again,
failure. replace the Core
Processor Module.
circuit ICD 31
may be
defective.

2.6.19 Er 41 Core Module

Problem: Er 41 CPU error message is displayed.

Why? Core Module error:RAM check failure

How is it detected? Softare has detected external RAM failure.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 57

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause: Check or test: Parts related:

Problem with RAM Switch off. Try again. Core Module.

write and read If error comes again,
operation. RAM replace the Core
circuit ICD 30 in Core Module.
Module may be
defective.

2.6.20 Er 42 Core Module

Problem: Er 42 Core Module error

message is displayed.

Why? Core Module error: check-sum

failure.
How is it detected? EPROM check-sum is verified at
power up. If the calculated check-
sum varies from the written
check-sum in the EEPROM, an
error is generated indicating a
memory problem.

Possible cause: Check or test: Parts related:

Problem with Replace the circuit. EEPROM, Core

EEPROM circuit. ICD Use only those Module
28 or 29 may be obtained from the
defective. manufacturer. Try
again. If error,
replace the Core
Module.
Problem with Core Try again. If error, Core Module
Module wiring or replace the Core
component. Module.

2.6.21 Er 43 ***

Problem: Er 43 *** error message is displayed. *** is

a number.

Why? Wrong line voltage selection. Approximate

measured line voltage (***) is shown in time
display.

58 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Problem: Er 43 *** error message is displayed. *** is

a number.

How is it detected? Core Module monitors the line voltage

switch signal MAINS from Power
SupplyBoard. Switch is in incorrect position.
This error is generated during power up
sequence if the line voltage (derived from
the +25V supply) is under 160 volts for 230V
selection or over 160 volts for 110V
selection.

NOTE!
When the unit is connected to 230V line with 110V settings, fuses normally
blow before this error is displayed.

Possible cause: Check or test: Parts related:

Line voltage switch in Check all four Power Supply Board

wrong position. switches in Power
Supply Board: they
must be switched to
the same position,
left or right,
depending on the
nominal line voltage:
110 Vac: S1-S4
turned left 230 Vac:
S1-S4 turned right
Incorrect position of If the replacement of
110/230 switch may Power Supply Board
cause serious did not help, replace
damage to the the Core Module.
electrical circuits.
Filament Control Check the wiring.
Board not operating, Replace the board.
or not connected to
Core Module (signal
MAFRQ).

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 59

2 Electric trouble shooting

2.6.21.1 Filament Control Board self check principle

1 Core Module sets maximum mA reference.

2 Core Module activates PREH signal to connect mA reference to the V/
F-converter.
3 Core Module measures the frequency coming from the V/F-
converter. If the frequency is not high enough, Er 44 FIL is displayed.

NOTE!
If +34VDC is missing also +5VDC from PAN AEC terminal is missing
resulting Er 44 Fil. This is possible by pressing emergency stop switch.

2.6.22 Er 44 FIL

Problem: Er 44 FIL error message is displayed.

Why? FILAMENT: Tube head preheating circuit not operating

How is it During the power up sequence the Core Module checks
detected? the operation of the D/A-converter in the Filament
Control Board by monitoring signal MAFRQ while
connecting the output of the D/A-converter to the input
of the V/F-converter (this connection is made when
PREH is active and PREHREL is inactive). If the feedback
from V/F-converter does not correspond to data
written to the D/A-converter Er 44 FIL is generated and
the operation of the unit is prevented.

MAFRQ signal is fed to the Core Module via an

optoisolator (ICD34 on Core Module) that receives the
operating voltage from the AEC Board (voltage FILT5,
derived from the +5V on the PAN AEC Terminal).

60 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause: Check or test: Parts related:

Broken Filament Replace Board

Control Board.
Problem with MAFRQ Check mafrq signal wiring PAN AEC
signal at powerup. and brds related. terminal brd
and Cam
Check that emergency stop supply brd
switch is not pressed.
Emergency
Check that panoramic unit stop switch
has ceph cable
replacement (5144984) in Digital I/O brd
ceph connectors.
Filament brd

Cables (check
wiring diagram)
Problem with wiring Power - Core Module - C67, X4, X38
Filament - PAN AEC
Problem with Check Filament control
operating voltages. Board, or PAN AEC
Signal FILT5. Terminal Board +5V signal.
Broken Core Module. Replace Core Module.
Optoisolator. Wire.
Power Supply Board Power off. Check the switch Power Supply
switches SW1-SW4 in positions. Check the main Board
incorrect position. fuses.
Error message
sometimes barely
seen.

2.6.23 Er 45 InP

Problem: Er 45 InP error message is displayed.

Why? Input error: keyboard or exposure button failure.

How is it This error is generated if the Core Module detects that
detected? 1) any position panel or 2) ceph panel claslit button or
3) control panel button other than the OK-switch or 4)
one of the exposure switches is pressed (active) during
the power-up sequence.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 61

2 Electric trouble shooting

Possible cause: Check or test: Parts related:

One of the control Power off. Disconnect Control panel, SC3,

panel keys (up-right- coiled cable X105 or X105, C9, X1, Core
down-left) pressed or C9 X1. Power on. If Module
short-circuited error then check C9
or other input signals.
Use Sr 74 IOC.
Exposure switch Power off. Select PAN
pressed or short- collimator.
circuited on control Disconnect coiled
panel. Signal cable X105. Power
PNLEXPSW. on. Check if the
occlusion adjustment
led is blinking: - If it is
blinking then error is
with the control
panel. Check
switch,C9 or other
input signals. Use Sr
74 IOC.
Remote exposure Power off. Switch, X103, SC2,
switch pressed or Disconnect remote X102, C12, X3
short-circuited. Signal cable. Power on. - If
EXPSW. error then check
signal wiring. Use Sr
74 IOC.
One of the Power off. Disconnect Positioning panel,
positioning panel panel cables. Power X47L/R, X48L/R, C10,
keys pressed or on. If error then check X7
short-circuited. wiring or other input
signals.
Use Sr 74 IOC.
Claslit key pressed or Power off. Disconnect Up/Down panel,
short-circuited. ceph up/down panel X251, X234, X236, X8
cable X251. Power C50, X67
on. If error then check
the wiring. Use Sr 74
IOC.
Installation: Check the X102, X117
connectors X102 and connection.
X117 under the lower
shelf are incorrectly
connected.

62 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

 2 Electric trouble shooting

2.6.24 Er 46 PAy

Problem: Er 46 PAY error message is

displayed after power-up.

Why? The number of allowed exposures

for equipment leasing and testing
purposes has been exceeded.
How is it detected? Limited free exposures feature
was used for equipment leasing
or customer trial purposes and a
programmed limit (from 1 to 990
exposures) has been reached. d
OP200oesn’t allow more
exposures and the unit cannot be
used.

Possible cause: Check or test:

All OP200 operations have been See Service program Sr 71 PAy for
halted by software. details. Increase the limit or
disable this feature.

2.7 INDICATORS AND TEST POINTS

2.7.1 Led-indicators

All LED indicators can be identified from the schematics and printed
circuit boards by the name of the signal and the component number of
the LED: eg. LED for + 5 V voltage in the Core Module is marked H1 +
5 V.

All supply voltages are indicated by green LED’s, and the most important
or critical signals are indicated by red LED’s in the printed circuit boards.

When the LED is lit, it means that the supply voltage is available or that
the signal is active.

2.7.2 Test points

All test points can be identified from the schematics and printed circuit
boards by the name of the signal and the TP number: eg. the test point for
PROJLIT signal in the Interface Board is marked TP1 PROJLIT.

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Instrumentarium Dental 63

2 Electric trouble shooting

64 Instrumentarium Dental rev 1

Instrumentarium Dental reserves the right to make changes in specification and features shown herein, or discontinue the product described at any time without notice or obligation. Contact your
Instrumentarium Dental representative for the most current information.

Copyright © 06/2006 by PaloDEx Group Oy. All rights reserved.

Instrumentarium Dental
P.O.Box 20, FI-04301 Tuusula, Finland
Tel. +358 45 7882 2000
Fax +358 45 7882 2506

Americas:
Instrumentarium Dental Inc.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
Tel. 800 558 6120
Fax 414 481 8665

Orthopantomograph® OP200 & OP200 D

Orthoceph® OC200 & OC200 D
Troubleshooting Manual, English

D500211 (200214) rev 1 Printed in Finland 06/2006