Solutions

MCQ Questions

1. [C]
Consider the equation

𝐴(adj⁡ 𝐴) = |𝐴|𝐼

Here, 𝐴(adj⁡ 𝐴) = 10𝐼

Then, ⁡|A| = 10

Since, ⁡|adj⁡ A| = |A|n−1

Where n is order of matrix

Here, ⁡ = |A|3−1

⁡= 102
⁡= 100
2. [B]
Determinant value of skew symmetric matrix is always ' 0 '.

3. [C]
After changing the base, directly expand.

4. [A]
Putting x = y = z = 1

5. [A]
log2 ⁡ √4(x + 4)2 = 1 ⇒ 2|x + 4| = 2

⇒ |x + 4| = 1

6. [A]
Δ = (xyz)n(x 2 − y 2 )(y 2 − z2 )(z2 − x 2 )

∴ n = −4

7. [B]
 1 sin⁡ 𝜃 1 1 sin⁡ 𝜃 1
|−sin⁡ 𝜃 1 sin⁡ 𝜃 | = |−sin⁡ 𝜃 1 sin⁡ 𝜃 |
−1 −sin⁡ 𝜃 1 0 0 2
R3 → R3 + R1
⁡= 2(1 + sin2 ⁡ 𝜃 )
2 ≤ 2(1 + sin2 ⁡ 𝜃 ) ≤ 4

8. [C]
0 −1 0
𝑓(𝑥) = | 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎 2 𝑎 −1| ⁡𝑐1 → 𝑐1 + 𝑎𝑐2
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑥 𝑎𝑥 𝑎
⁡= 𝑎 (𝑥 + 𝑎) + 𝑎𝑥(𝑥 + 𝑎) = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑎)2
2

𝑓(2𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥) ⁡= 𝑎 {(2𝑥 + 𝑎)2 − (𝑥 + 𝑎)2 }

⁡= 𝑎𝑥(3𝑥 + 2𝑎)

9. [D]
200 50
𝐴=[ ]
10 2
50 40
B ⁡= [ ]
2 3
200 50 50 40
AB ⁡= [ ][ ]
10 2 2 3
10000 + 100 8000 + 150
⁡= [ ]
500 + 4 400 + 6
10100 8150
AB ⁡= [ ]
504 406
|AB| ⁡= (10100)(406) − (504)(8150)
⁡= 4100600 − 4107600
⁡= −7000
10. [C]
Given that

2x 5 6 −2
∵| |=| |,
8 x 7 3
⇒ 2x 2 − 40 = 18 + 14
⇒ 2x 2 = 32 + 40
72
⇒ x2 =
2
⁡x 2 = 36
∴ x = ±6

11. [B]
A third order determinant is
 𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3
|𝑏1 𝑏2 𝑏3 | = 𝑎1 𝑏2 𝑐3 + 𝑎2 𝑏3 𝑐1 + 𝑎3 𝑏1 𝑐2 − 𝑎3 𝑏2 𝑐1
𝑐1 𝑐2 𝑐3

If each element is 1 or 0, the value of the determinant cannot be more than 3 . But, then each
expression with positive sign must be 1 and those with a negative sign must be zero. But, if
𝑎1 𝑏2 𝑐3 = 𝑎2 𝑏3 𝑐1 = 𝑎3 𝑏1 𝑐2 = 1, then each element of the determinant must be 1 , making value of
the determinant zero.

0 1 1
But |1 0 1| = 2
1 1 0

∴ The largest value of the determinant is 2

12. [C]
Operating R2 − R4 and taking 4 common

a2 b2 c2
Δ = 4| a b c |
(a − 1)2 ( b − 1)2 (c − 1) 2

(Operating 𝑅3 + 2𝑅2 − 𝑅1 )

𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
= 4| 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 | = 4(𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎) = 0
1 1 1
⇒ at least one of the factors is zero.

⇒ triangle is isosceles.

13. [C]
𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3 … . . . 𝑎𝑛 are in A.P.
𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3
| 𝑎𝑛+1 𝑎𝑛+2 𝑎𝑛+3 | = 0
𝑎2𝑛+1 𝑎2𝑛+2 𝑎2𝑛+3

14. [D]
Δ1 = Δn−1

n=3

Δ1 = Δ2 = (11)2

(Δ1 )2 = (11)4 = 14641

15. [B]

16. [B]

Δ′ = Δn−1 ; where n = order of det.

∴ for 3rd order, Δ′ = Δ3−1 = Δ2

17. [A]
Δ1 is obtain by replacing every element of Δ2 by its co-factor

⇒ Δ1 = Δ22 ⇒ Δ1 ⋅ Δ2 = Δ22 ⋅ Δ2 = Δ32

18. [D]
Select some particular values.

19. [B]
We know that, area of a triangle with vertices (x1 , y1 ), (x 2 , y2 ) and (x 3 , y3 ) is given by

1 x1 y1 1
Δ = |x2 y2 1|
2 x
3 y3 1
1 −3 0 1
∴ Δ = | 3 0 1|
2
0 k 1
[Expanding along 𝑅1 ]

1
9= [−3(−k) − 0 + 1(3k)]
2
⇒ 18 = 3k + 3k

18 = 6k

18
∴k= =3
6

20. [B]

⁡|𝐴 ⋅ adj⁡ 𝐴| = 8
⁡|𝐴||adj⁡ 𝐴| = 8
⁡⇒ |𝐴|3 = 8
⁡⇒ |𝐴| = 2 ⇒ |adj⁡ 𝐴| = 4

21. [A]
 1 4 4
adj⁡(P) ⁡= [2 1 7]
1 1 3
|adj⁡ P| ⁡= |P|n−1 = |P|2
|adj⁡ P| ⁡= 4 = |P|2
|P| ⁡= 2 or − 2

22. [D]
⁡|A| = 5
Now |adj⁡ B| = |adj. (adj⁡ A)|
⁡= |A|4 = 54
|C| = |5 A| ⁡= 53 | A| = 54
|adj. B|
⁡∴ =1
|C|

23. [C]
⁡|A| = 14
⁡∴ |adj. (adj⁡ A)| = 144

24. [A]
1 5 −3
𝐴−1 = [ ]
13 1 2

using 𝐴−1 = 𝑥𝐴 + 𝑦𝐼
5
we get 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = ,
13

1 7
𝑥=− ,𝑦 =
13 13
1 14
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = − + =1
13 13
25. [D]
𝐵 2 = 𝐵 ⇒ 𝐵 −1 𝐵 2 = 𝐵 −1 𝐵
⁡⇒ 𝐵 = 𝐼 ⇒ 𝐴 = 𝐼⁡(∵ 𝐴 = 𝐵 −1 )

1 1
Now system (𝐴 + 𝐵)𝑋 = [0] ⇒ 2𝑋 = [0]
0 0
26. [D]
 1 1 1
Δ = |2 1 −1| ≠ 0
3 2 k
27. [C]
1 1 1
Δ = |2 1 −1| ≠ 0
3 2 k
1 1 1
|2 1 −1| ≠ 0 ⇒ k ≠ 0
0 0 k
28. [A]
Consider first two eq ⁡n s.

2x + 3y = −4&3x + 4y = −6

2 3
we have Δ = | | = −1 ≠ 0
3 4
x = −2&y = 0

Now this solution satisfies the third so the eqns are consistent with unique solution.

29. [B]
BX = A

B −1 BX = B−1 A

X = B−1 A

adj⁡(𝐵)
𝑋= .𝐴
|𝐵|

1 2 4
X= [ ]
2 3 −5
30. [B]
1 tan⁡ 𝜃/2
𝐴=[ ]
−tan⁡ 𝜃/2 1

AB = I

⇒ B = A−1 I

adj. (A)
= A−1 =
|A|
 𝐶 𝐶12
Let 𝐶 = [ 11 ]
𝐶21 𝐶22

= matrix formed by cofactors of above matrix.

C11 = 1; C12 = tan⁡ 𝜃/2;

𝜃
C21 = −tan⁡ ; C22 = 1
2
𝜃
1 tan⁡
C=[ 2]
𝜃
−tan⁡ 1
2
𝜃
1 −tan⁡
⇒ adj⁡(A) = C T = [ 2]
𝜃
tan⁡ 1
2
𝜃
1 tan⁡
|A| ⁡= [ 2]
𝜃
−tan⁡ 1
2
𝜃 𝜃
⁡= 1 + tan2 ⁡ = sec 2 ⁡
2 2
adj⁡ A
∴B ⁡= A−1 =
|A|

𝜃
1 −tan⁡ 1
=[ 2] ×
𝜃 𝜃
tan⁡ 1 sec 2 ⁡
2 2

𝜃 1 −tan⁡ 𝜃/2
⇒B= cos2 ⁡ ×[ 𝜃 ]
2 tan⁡ 1
2

= cos2 ⁡ 𝜃/2 × AT

∴ Option (B) is correct answer.

CASE BASED MCQ'S

Passage -1 [31 to 35]

31. [B]
From the above information, we have

3𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1600
4𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 2300
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 900

3 2 1 1600 x
A = [4 1 3] , B = [2300] , X = [y]
1 1 1 900 z
|A| ⁡= 3(1 − 3) − 2(4 − 3) + 1(4 − 1)
⁡= −6 − 2 + 3
⁡= −5
1
A−1 = (adj⁡ A)
| A|

1 −2 −1 5
= [−1 2 −5]
−5
3 −1 −5
X = A−1 B

1 −2 −1 5 1600
⁡= [−1 2 −5] [2300]
−5
3 −1 −5 900
−1 −1000 200
⁡= [−1500] = [300 ]
5
−2000 400
∴ x = 200, y = 300, z = 400

x + y + z = 900 [from (iii)]

32. [B]

4𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 2300

33. [C]
4x + y + 3z = 2300 [from (ii)]

y = 300

34. [D]
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 400 + 900 = 1300

35. [A]
 𝑦 − 𝑥 = 300 − 200 = 100

Passage -2 [36 to 40]

Sol. for 36 to 40

Since 𝑣(3) = 64, 𝑣(6) = 133 and 𝑣(9) = 208, we get the following system of linear equations

9𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 𝑐 = 64

36a + 6 b + c = 133

81𝑎 + 9𝑏 + 𝑐 = 208

This can be written in matrix form as

9 3 1 a 64
[36 6 1] [b] = [133 ]
81 9 1 c 208
or AX = B

1 −2 1
1
Since, 𝐴−1 = (−15 24 −9)
18
54 −54 18
𝑎 1 1 −2 1 64
−1
∴ 𝑋 = [𝑏 ] = 𝐴 𝐵 = (−15 24 −9) (133 )
𝑐 18
54 −54 18 208

1 64 − 266 + 208 1 6 1/3

= [−960 + 3192 − 1872] = (360) = ( 20 )
18 18
3456 − 7182 + 3744 18 1
1
Thus, a = , b = 20 and c = 1
3

36. [B]

37. [C]

38. [B]

1 2
𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑡 + 20𝑡 + 1
3
39. [D]

Clearly, required speed = 𝑣(15)

 1
= × 225 + 20 × 15 + 1
3
= 75 + 300 + 1

= 376 miles per second

40. [D]
Consider, 𝑣(t) = 784

1 2
⇒ t + 20t + 1 = 784
3
⇒ t2 + 60t = 2349

⇒ t2 + (87 − 27)t − 2349 = 0

⇒ t(t + 87) − 27(t + 87) = 0

⇒ (t − 27)(t + 87) = 0

⇒ t = 27 seconds ⁡[∵ Time can't be negative ]

Passage -3 [41 to 45]

Sol. for 41 to 45
Let the cost of 1 pen = ₹𝑥, the cost of 1 bag = ₹y, and the cost of 1 instrument box = ₹z According
to the question, we have 5𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 16,2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 19, 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 25 This system of
equation can be written as AX = B,

5 3 1 16 x
where A = [2 1 3] , B = [19] and X = [y]
1 2 4 25 z

|A| = 5(4 − 6) − 3(8 − 3) + 1(4 − 1)

= −10 − 3(5) + 3 = −22 ≠ 0

∴ A−1 exist.
1
Now, 𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵, where 𝐴−1 = adjA.
|𝐴|

−2 −5 3 ′ −2 −10 8 ′
Here, adj⁡ 𝐴 = [−10 19 −7] = [−5 19 −13]
8 −13 −1 3 −7 −1
 1 −2 −10 8
∴ A−1 = [−5 19 −13]
−22
3 −7 −1
x 1 −2 −10 8 16
⁡∴ X = [y] = [−5 19 −13] [19]
z −22
3 −7 −1 25
1 −32 − 190 + 200 −1 −22 1
⁡= [ 80 + 361 − 325 ] = [ −44 ] = [2]
−22 22
48 − 133 − 25 −110 5
⁡∴ x = 1, y = 2, z = 5

Hence, cost of one pen, one bag and an instrument box is ₹1, ₹2 and ₹5 respectively.

41. [C]
Cost of one pen is ₹1.

42. [A]
Cost of one pen and one bag = ₹(1 + 2) = ₹3

43. [B]
Cost of one pen and one instrument box

= ₹(1 + 5) = ₹6

44. [C]
According to the definition of determinant, determinant is a number associated to a square matrix.

45. [B]
Given matrix equation is AB = AC

Pre-multiplying by A−1 on both sides, we get

A−1 AB = A−1 AC ⇒ (A−1 A)B = (A−1 A)C

⇒ IB = IC⁡(∵ AA−1 = A−1 A = I)

⇒B=C

Since A−1 exists only if A is non-singular.

∴ For B = C, A should be non-singular.

Passage -4 [46 to 50]

46. [D]
 Let Δ be the area of the triangle then,

1 −2 6 1
Δ= | 3 −6 1| ∣
2
1 5 1
1
= | − 2(6 − 5) − 6(3 − 1) + 1(15 + 6)|
2
[Expanding along 𝑅1 ]
1
⇒ Δ = |43 − 12| = 15.5 sq. units
2

47. [D]
2 −3 1
1
The given points are collinear. ∴ | k −1 1| = 0
2
0 4 1
Expanding along 𝑅1 , we get

2(−1 − 4) + 3(k) + 1(4k) = 0

10 40
⇒ 7k − 10 = 0 ⇒ k = ⇒ 4k =
7 7
48. [A]
Area of △ ABC = 3 sq. units [Given]

1 1 3 1 1 3 1
⁡⇒ |0 0 1| = ±3 ⇒ |0 0 1| = ±6
2
k 0 1 k 0 1
⁡⇒ 1(0 − 0) − 3(0 − k) + 1(0 − 0) = ±6
⁡⇒ 3k = ±6 ⇒ k = ±2.

49. [A]
Let Q(x, y) be any point on the line joining A(1,2) and B(3,6). Then, area of △ ABQ = 0

1 1 2 1
⁡⇒ |3 6 1| = 0
2 x y 1
⁡⇒ 1(6 − y) − 2(3 − x) + 1(3y − 6x) = 0
⁡⇒ 6 − y − 6 + 2x + 3y − 6x = 0
⁡⇒ −4x = −2y ⇒ 2x = y

50. [C]
Area of △ ABC is given by
 1 11 7 1 1
| 5 5 1| = [11(5 − 3) − 7(5 + 1) + (15 + 5)]
2 2
−1 3 1
1
⁡= [22 − 42 + 20] = 20
2
∴ Points are collinear.

Passage -5 [51 to 55]

51. [A]
1 −2
Let Δ = | |
4 3
Cofactor of 1 = 3, cofactor of −2 = −4

Cofactor of 4 = 2, cofactor of 3 = 1

∴ Required sum = 3 − 4 + 2 + 1 = 2

52. [B]
5 6 −3
Let Δ = |−4 3 2|
−4 −7 3
6 −3
Minor of 𝑎21 = | | = 18 − 21 = −3
−7 3
53. [C]
2 −3 5
Let Δ = |6 0 4|
1 5 −7
Clearly, a32 = 5

2 5
and A 32 = cofactor of a32 in Δ = (−1)3+2 | |
6 4
= (−1)(8 − 30) = 22

∴ a32 ⋅ A 32 = 5 × 22 = 110

54. [D]
5 3 8
Here, Δ = |2 0 1|
1 2 3
 5 3|
∴ Minor of a23 = | = 10 − 3 = 7
1 2
55. [B]
2 −3 5
Here Δ = |6 0 4|
1 5 −7
0 4
𝐴11 = (−1)1+1 | | = 1(0 − 20) = −20,
5 −7
6 4
𝐴12 = (−1)1+2 | | = −1(−42 − 4) = 46,
1 −7
6 0
A13 = (−1)1+3 | | = 1(30 − 0) = 30,
1 5
∴ Δ = a11 A11 + a12 a12 + a13 A13

= 2(−20) − 3(46) + 5(30) = −28

⇒ |Δ| = 28

ASSERTION & REASON

56. [B]
adj⁡(adj⁡ A) = |A|n−2 A

Here ⁡n = 2 ⇒ adj⁡(adj⁡ A) = A

Hence A is true.

|adj⁡ A| ⁡= |A|n−1
n ⁡= 2 ⇒ |adj⁡ A| = |A|

Hence R is true.

𝑅 is not the correct explanation for A.

57. [B]

|A| = 24

12 0 0
Adj⁡ 𝐴 = [ 0 8 0]
0 0 6
 1
0 0
2
1 1
A−1 = (adj⁡ A) = 0 0
| A| 3
1
[0 0
4]
Hence A is true.

𝐴 is a diagonal matrix and its inverse is also a diagonal matrix. Hence 𝑅 is true.

But 𝑅 is not the correct explanation of 𝐴.

58. [A]
If k is a scalar and A is an n × n

matrix, then |kA| = kn |A|.

This is a property of the determinant. Hence 𝑅 is true.

Using this property, |5Δ| = 53 Δ = 125Δ

Hence A is true.

R is the correct explanation of A.

59. [A]
A matrix is said to be singular if

|A| = 0.

Hence R is true.

1 3 𝜆+2
[2 4 8 ]=0
3 5 10
⇒ 1(40 − 40) − 3(20 − 24) +

(𝜆 + 2)(10 − 12) =0
0 + 12 − 2𝜆 − 4 =0
𝜆 =4
Hence 𝐴 is true.

𝑅 is the correct explanation for 𝐴.

60. [A]
 1
A−1 = (adj⁡ A) is true.
| A|

Hence 𝑅 is true

|A| = 2,

1 7 3
A−1 = [ ]
2 4 2
7 3
LHS = 2 A−1 = [ ]
4 2
1 0 2 −3
RHS = 9 [ ]−[ ]
0 1 −4 7
7 3
=[ ]
4 2
∴ 2 A−1 = 9I − A is true.

R is the correct explanation for A.

61. [D]

|A| ⁡= −4 − 15
⁡= −19
−1 −2 −3
A−1 ⁡= [ ]
19 −5 2
−1 −2 −3 2k 3k
⇒ [ ]=[ ]
19 −5 2 5k −2k
1
⇒k ⁡=
19
𝐴 is false

1
|A|−1 = is true.
| A|

𝑅 is true.