PLANNING SYSTEM IN

MALAYSIA
PHYSICAL PLANNING
• Physical planning in this country had its beginning in 1921
with the establishment of a town planning department in
Kuala Lumpur.
• It was a response to the haphazard development in Kuala
Lumpur and with a view to reduce unnecessary waste in
financial expenditure for overcoming the problem and
towards setting out a systematic and orderly arrangement
of towns in line with the modern town planning practice.
THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL PLANNING
• Analyzing the role of physical planning is vita in understanding
how planning can help to achieve a balanced development.
Generally, Physical planning has the following roles:
a) Translating socio economy and other policies into spatial and
physical forms. To attain this strategy, all socio economic
policies have to be evaluated on its spatial and physical
implications;
b) Emphasizing on the aspect of environmental quality in
physical planning;
c) Providing facilities to ensure an equitable and higher
standard of living for all;
d) Physical planning policies take into consideration the latest
development in science and technology, which it turns, can
help achieve a higher quality of living.
PHYSICAL PLANNING
• Translating the above, physical planning therefore
encompasses the development plan system, which consists
of four major levels of planning;
a) National Physical Plan
b) Structure Plan
c) Local Plan
d) Special Area Plan
 NATIONAL • Prepared by Director General of FDTCP.
PHYSICAL PLAN • In consultation with the state authority.
STATUTORY DEVELOPMENT PLAN HIERARCHY
• Approval by NPPC.

STRUCTURE • Prepared by Director of State TCPD.

PLAN • Approval by SPC.

• Prepared by LPA.
LOCAL PLAN • Approval by SPC.

SPECIAL AREA • Prepared by Director of State TCPD/LPA.

PLAN • Approval by SPC.
NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN
• The National Physical Plan 2020 (2005) consists of written
statement formulating a national policy and general
proposals for the development and use of land in the
country.
• It is the physical interpretation of the five years National
Economic Plan of the country.
• The plan is essentially necessary to assist the function of
the National Physical Planning Council in promoting within
the framework of the national policy, town and country as
an efficient instrument for the improvement of the
physical environment and towards the achievement of
sustainable development.
NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN
• The functions of the NPPC as provided under section 2A of At
172 are:
a) Promoting town and country planning as an effective
and efficient instrument for improvement of the physical
environment and towards the achievement of
sustainable development in the country;
b) To advise Federal Government or the government of
any State, on matters relating to the town and country
planning required under the Act
c) To perform any other functions conferred upon the
NPPC under this Act.
NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN
GOAL
The Establishment of an Efficient, Equitable and Sustainable
National Spatial Framework to Guide the Overall
Development of the Country towards Achieving Developed
and High-Income Nation Status By 2020.
NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLAN
OBJECTIVES

• To rationalise and consolidate the national spatial planning

framework supported by key strategic infrastructure for
economic efficiency and global competitiveness.
• To optimise utilisation of land and natural resources for
sustainable development and biodiversity conservation.
• To promote more balanced regional development for
national economic integration and social unity.
• To enhance spatial and environmental quality, diversity and
safety for a high quality of life and liveability.
• To facilitate efficient integrated inter-state connectivity and
public common users’ space provision for social interaction
and sustainable communities in line with the 1Malaysia
concept.
STRUCTURE PLAN
Subsection 8 (3), Act 172: structure plan is a written statement:
i. Formulate policies and general proposals of the State Authority
in respect of development and use of land in the state.
a. Improvement of the physical living environment.
b. Improvement of communications and traffic
management.
c. Improvement of socio-economic well-being and
promotion of economic growth.
d. Facilitate sustainable development.
ii. State relationship between the State proposals to those of the
neighbouring areas.
iii. Contain other matters as may be specified by SPC or NPPC.
STRUCTURE PLAN
• It is State wide comprehensive planning tool that outlines
physical development policies and strategies as well as
the allocation of the natural resources within 10-15 years
period.
• The plan suggests direction and approaches on how area
in the States could be developed in an appropriate and
sustainable manner.
• It also suggests the direction for future economic growth
and investment opportunities in the respective States.
STRUCTURE PLAN
Function of Structure Plan:
• Translating the policy of the National Physical Plan (NPP);
• Provide a development framework for the Local Plan (LP);
• Determine the States major land use and
• Determine the States key projects.
LOCAL PLAN
• A local plan is a written statement prepared to elaborate
the policies and proposals set out in the Structure Plan.
• This plan consists of written statement and diagrams
setting out the detailed planning, and manner of carrying
out the proposals set out in the structure plan of a local
planning authority area.
LOCAL PLAN
• Local plans deals with more specific development
proposal and development control criteria for 10-15 years
time frame.
• As from year 2002 Local Plan studies covers district level,
thereby incorporating more than one local planning
authority (usually 2-3 local authorities).
• As in structure planning, consultants undertake the study
with government town planner as their counterpart.
LOCAL PLAN
• The local plan must:
• set out the development proposals
• details of land use of an area
• the measures to protect the environment
• preservation of natural topography
• Landscaping
• preservation and replanting of trees
• create open spaces
• to preserve and protect the building
• improve communication system and traffic management
in a local planning authority area.
LOCAL PLAN
• Three functions common to most local plans are as follows:-
a) Refining development control policies of structures plans. Local
plan will refine the broad guidance on development control as
prescribed in the structure plans by allocating land to specific
development purposes,
b) Coordinating development. Policies and proposals in local
plans can be used as a basis for coordinating and estimating
public and private sector development expenditure or
investment; and
c) Bringing local and detailed planning issues to the public. This is
done through the public objection stage, and through the
social assessment studies at the initial (scoping), intermediate
(formulation of draft development strategies) and the late
stage (publicity) of the draft local plan study.
SPECIAL AREA PLAN
• A detailed development plan prepared within a short
period of time for implementation and management
• The main output : Development Action Plan in the form of
layout plan and complemented by management plan,
development phasing, cost, implementing agency and
implementation approach
SPECIAL AREA PLAN

Expedite
planning
permission Detail-up
Localised, Focused and
process local plan for
detailed detailed
On-site issues Power of a implementati
proposals proposals
pre- local plan on purposes.
Localised Easier and
identified Legally Getting
and detailed quicker
e.g. binding. funds for
site implementati
sewerage, implementati
suitability. on.
sites for on.
public
facilities.
 TYPES OF SAP
i. Redevelopment of area within urban centre
•Redevelopment of old built-up area (commerce/industry/residential).
ii. Area with historical significance
•Historical importance.
•Cultural and architectural importance.

iii. Environmentally sensitive area

•Conservation of wildlife area.
•Conservation of mangrove forest.
•Conservation of swamp/lake/Danau/ Sungai Mati.
•Conservation of hill land area/area with natural beauty.

iv. Resettlement of community

•Resettlement of squatters.
•Conservation of traditional village.
•Resettlement of community affected by natural dissater/infrastructure
development.

v. Area with specific need

•Identified by the government (Federal, State, LPA)
REFERENCES
• http://www.townplan.gov.my/download/RFN2%20Report
%20(BM)%20Full%20Set.pdf
• http://www.townplan.gov.my/download/Rancangan%20
Pemajuan/2012/Status%20Kemajuan%20Rancangan%20St
ruktur_Feb2012.pdf
• https://issuu.com/azrulsamat/docs/rancangan_struktur_n
egeri_kedah_202
• http://rancanganpemajuanppzs.blogspot.my/2015/01/da
sar-dasar-utama-rancangan-dtruktur.html
• Explained any two (2) of the development plans.
• National Physical Plan
• Special Area Plan
• Structure Plan
• Local Plan
ALL THE BEST!