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5. Hand-out

stock trays

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Shammas Mohammed
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1 views

5. Hand-out

stock trays

Uploaded by

Shammas Mohammed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STOCK IMPRESSION TRAYS AND

CONSTRUCTION OF DIAGNOSTIC
CASTS
Learning outcomes
1. Define impression trays.
2. Describe the various types of trays.
3. Explain the objectives of making an
impression.
4. List the materials for making
impressions and casts.
Patient Visit #1

Visit 1
Clinical Lab.
procedure procedure

Taking Selecting Preliminary


Preliminary Casts
case history the stock tray Cast Pouring

Preliminary
impression Wax Spacer

Custom Trays
Impression Trays
Impression tray: A device
that is used to carry, confine,
and control impression
material while making an
impression.
Parts of an Impression Tray

1. Handle
2. Flange
3. Body
Types of Impression Trays
Impression trays can be of various
types:
1. Metallic trays (stainless steel,
Aluminum)
2. Non-metallic trays (plastic trays,
acrylic resin trays)
3. Stock trays
✓ Full arch trays
✓ Sectional trays
✓ Quadrant trays

4. Custom trays
Examples of quadrant, section, and full-
arch impression trays.
Custom tray
5. Edentulous trays
6. Dentulous trays
7. Perforated trays
8. Non-perforated trays
9. Rim-lock trays
i. Water-cooled –agar impression material
ii. Non water-cooled – alginate/RBIM
PERFORATED/ RIM LOCK
NON PERFORATED
Sterilizing trays

✓Trays should be cleaned properly


and sterilized before use
✓Disposable trays are recommended
✓Sterilization can be achieved by
autoclaving, dry heat or chemical
vapors
Impressions
•Preliminary Impression: a
negative likeness made for the
purpose of diagnosis, treatment
planning, or the fabrication of a tray.
Objectives of an impression
▪Preservation
▪Support
▪Stability
▪Esthetics
▪Retention
Preservation: Preservation of the
remaining residual ridge
•The impression material and
impression technique has a definite
effect on health of both hard and
soft tissues of the mouth.
•Pressure in the impression technique is
reflected as pressure in the denture
and results in soft tissue damage and
bone resorption.
Support: Maximum coverage provides the
“snowshoe” effect,
•Which distributes applied forces
over as wide an area as possible.
This helps in preservation, stability,
and retention.
Stability: Close adaptation to the
undistorted mucosa is most important.
•Stability, or the resistance to horizontal
movement, decreases with the loss of
vertical height of the ridges or with the
increase in flabby, movable tissue.
A B

D E
Esthetics: Improve esthetics
•Border thickness should be varied
with the needs of each patient in
accordance with the extent of
residual ridge.
•The vestibule should be filled, but
not overfilled, to restore facial
contour.
Providing lip support
Retention: Resistance to vertical
displacement away from the denture
bearing surfaces.
The factors affecting retention are:
i. Adhesion
ii. Cohesion
iii. Mechanical locking into undercuts
iv. Atmospheric pressure
v. Muscle control and patient tolerance
Adhesion:

•Adhesion is the physical attraction


of unlike molecules for each other.
•It is the attraction of saliva to the
mucous membrane and the
denture.
Cohesion:

•Cohesion is the physical attraction


of like molecules for each other.
•It is a retentive force because it
occurs within the layer of saliva that
is present between the denture
base and the mucosa.
The chain of intermolecular forces between the
denture and the mucosa contributing to retention.
Mechanical locking into undercuts:

•Undercuts of the lateral


tuberosities, maxillary premolar
areas, distolingual areas, and lingual
mandibular premolar areas can be
extremely helpful to the retention
of the dentures.
Undercut
Atmospheric pressure:

•Atmospheric pressure can act to


resist dislodging forces applied to
dentures, if the dentures have an
effective seal around their borders.
For atmospheric pressure to be effective,
the denture must have a perfect seal
around its entire border.
Muscle control and patient tolerance:

•Muscular control refers to the


functional forces exerted by the
musculature of the patient that can
affect the retention.
•This is primarily a learned process.
• Certain patients have the ability to
wear their dentures and function
without complaint despite the fact
that they may be ill-fitting, unstable
or even broken because of the
adaptability of the muscles of oral
cavity and patient tolerance.
MATERIALS USED FOR MAKING
PRELIMINARY IMPRESSIONS
CLASSIFICATION OF IMPRESSION MATERIALS
1. Elastic 2. Rigid
A) Hydrocolloids
• Reversible hydrocolloid (Agar) •Zinc oxide
• Irreversible hydrocolloid (Alginate) eugenol
impression paste
B) Elastomers •Impression wax
–Polysulfide
•Impression
–Addition Silicone compound
–Condensation Silicone •Impression
–Polyether plaster
Materials used for making preliminary
impressions:

1. Impression Compound
2. Irreversible Hydrocolloid
(Alginate)
3. Elastomers (Putty consistency)
Impression compound
Alginate
Putty – Addition silicone/
Condensation silicone
Casts
•Preliminary Cast: a cast formed
from a preliminary impression for
use in diagnosis or the fabrication of
an impression tray.
Materials used for making preliminary
casts:
1. Beta hemihydrate (dental plaster)
2. Alpha hemihydrate (dental stone)
Instruments and Equipment
▪ Dispense materials
▪ Powder is ideally weighed on a scale and
water measured in graduated cylinder
▪ Mixing
▪ Add water 1st that slowly wets the powder
and get rid of any bubbles trapped in the
plaster/stone
▪ Spatulate for 30-60 seconds in rubber
mixing bowl by hand
▪ Vibrate mix to reduce bubbles
▪ Pouring the model
▪ Dry the surface of the impression of
excess water
▪ Hold impression on vibrator and let the mix
run from one end on the impression
▪ Flow material all around impression and
vibrate lightly
▪ Fill the impression sufficiently
▪ Extra material from bowl will be used to
form the base of the cast
Inversion method of pouring the casts
Inversion method of pouring the casts
•The base should have a minimum
thickness of 15-16 mm at its
thinnest portion.
The cast should be separated from the
impression about an hour after the initial set,
trimmed and finished.
Completed Impressions and Casts

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