Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành

(Present Perfect)
A.Ngữ Pháp
Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành

(+) S + has/have + P2 i.e. The robber has stolen the woman’s purse.

( ) S + has/have + not + P2 Tuan hasn’t done his homework.

(?) Has/Have + S + P2 ? Have you found that boy yet?

Yes, I have/No, I haven’t

I. Cấu trúc

II. Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

- Just = Recently = Lately: gần đây, vừa mới
- Already: đã rồi
- Before: trước đây
- Ever: đã từng
- Never: chưa từng, không bao giờ
- For+ quãng thời gian: trong khoảng (for a year, for a long time, …)
- Since+ mốc thời gian: từ khi (since last week, since june,...)
- Yet: chưa (dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi)
- So far = Until now = Up to now = Up to the present: cho đến bây giờ
- The first / second time : Lần đầu tiên / thứ hai.

III. Công dụng:

* Chức năng 1: Diễn tả một hành động đã hoàn thành cho tới thời điểm hiện tại
mà không đề cập tới nó xảy ra khi nào
i.e. I have done the dishes.

* Chức năng 2: Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ và đang tiếp tục ở hiện
tại
i.e. They have been married for nearly fifty years.
* Chức năng 3: Diễn tả một hành động đã từng làm trước đây và bây giờ vẫn còn
làm
i.e. He has written three books and he is working on another book.

* Chức năng 4: Diễn tả một kinh nghiệm cho tới thời điểm hiện tại (thường dùng
trạng từ ever)
i.e. This is the best I have ever done in a test.

* Chức năng 5: Diễn tả một hành động trong quá khứ nhưng quan trọng tại thời
điểm nói
i.e. I can’t get into my house. I have lost my keys.

B.Bài Tập
I. Trắc nghiệm:

Câu 1. Nobody has __________ homework yet.

A. did B. had C. done D. was
Câu 2. __________ you __________ your room yet?

A. Were / cleaning B. Did / clean C. Has / cleaned D. Have / cleaned

Câu 3. This is the most beautiful I __________ ever __________

A. had / met B. was / going to meet C. have / meet D. has / met

Câu 4. How many books __________ you __________?

A. did / read B. have / read C. has / read D. had / read

Câu 5. They have __________ such a great film.

A. was made B. make C. made D. making

Câu 6. He __________ the movie ticket yet.

A. hasn’t bought B. have bought C. has bought D. have sell

Câu 7. My cousins __________ on holiday for 3 weeks.

A. has been B. are going to be C. have been D. were

Câu 8. Who __________ all the candies? The box is empty.

A. ate B. have eaten C. was eating D. has eaten

Câu 9. I am looking for my pen. I have __________ it.

A. lose B. lost C. losed D. loosen

Câu 10. They __________ a lot of bikes.

A. were sold B. have sold C. sells D. have sell

Câu 11.

A: Do you know our town at all?

B: No. It is the first time I __________ here.

A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

Câu 12. I __________ for you for a long time.

A. has waited B. have waited C. am waiting D. was waiting

Câu 13. Since he __________ here no one __________ him.

A. has left/ saw B. had left/ saw C. left/ has seen D. left/ have seen

Câu 14. I __________ such a big fire before.

A. have never seen B. never see C. had never seen D. never saw

Câu 15. We __________ Dorothy since last Saturday.

A. don’t see B. haven’t seen C. don’t have seen D. didn’t see

Câu 16. Jack __________ the door.

A. has just painted B. just paint C. have painted D. painting

Câu 17.

A: I’m sorry to keep you waiting.

B: Oh, not at all. I __________ here only a few minutes.

A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

Câu 18. Since __________, I __________ nothing from him.

A. he had left / heard B. he left / have heard

C. he has left / have heard D. he was left / heard

Câu 19. So far, Teddy __________ ten kilos.

A. has been losing B. lost C. had lost D. has lost

Câu 20. She __________ German for two years.

A. has learnt B. is learning C. learn D. learns

Câu 21. He found his book this morning, but now he __________ his pen.

A. loses B. lost C. has lost D. had lost

Câu 22.

A: What’s the matter?

B: The shoes don’t fit properly. They __________ my feet.

A. are hurt B. is hurting C. have hurt D. will hurt

Câu 23. You may leave the classroom when you __________ writing.

A. will finish B. are finishing C. have finished D. had finished

Câu 24. My brother __________ the Youth League since 1955.

A. joined B. has taken part C. is in D. has been in

Câu 25. Thank goodness! I __________ my homework now.

A. shall finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished

II. Tự luận

1. Bo _____________ (drive) Rose to work today.

2. They _____________ (work) all day and night.
3. We ______________ (see) the new bridge.
4. He _______________ (have) breakfast this morning.
5. Ann and Don ______________ (wash) the car.
6. Kathy ______________ (want) to go to Queensland for a long time.
7. Mel _____________ (give) up smoking.
8. I _______________ (forget) that man’s name.
9. They ______________ (lose) their keys.
10.Jack _____________ (be) to England.
11.They ______________ (leave) London this month.
12.He _____________ (bring) a lot of English papers.
13.She ______________ (tell) me about it.
14.I ______________ (get) a long letter from father this week.
15.She ______________ (come), she will speak to you in a minute.
16.I ______________ (be) to Radio City.
17.I think the director ______________ (leave) the town.
18.I _____________ (paint) my office.
19.We ______________ (know) her since she arrived in our city.
20.I ______________ (forget) your name.
21.The bill isn’t right. They (make)_________________ a mistake.
22.Don’t you want to see this programme? It ________________(start).
23.I (turn)_______________ the heating on. It’ll soon get warm in here.
24.___________ they (pay) __________ money for your mother yet?
25.Someone (take)____________ my bicycle.
 Gerund and To-Infinitives

A.Gerund
I. Khái niệm:

Gerund (danh động từ) là danh từ được hình thành bằng cách thêm đuôi ing vào
động từ.
i.e. Coming, building, teaching…

Phủ định của danh động từ được hình thành bằng cách thêm not vào trước V-
ing.
i.e. Not making, not opening…

Cũng có thể thêm tính từ sở hữu vào trước danh động từ để nói rõ chủ thể thực
hiện hành động.
i.e. My turning on the air conditioner.

II. Cách sử dụng:

Dùng làm bổ ngữ cho động từ

i.e. Her favorite hobby is collecting stamps.

Dùng làm tân ngữ của động từ

i.e. He loves surfing the Internet.

Dùng sau giới từ (on, in, by, at…) và liên từ (after, before, when, while…)
i.e. He cleaned his room before going out with his friends.

B.To-Infinitives
I. Khái niệm:
Infinitives là hình thức động từ nguyên mẫu.

Có 2 loại động từ nguyên mẫu:

 Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to” (to infinitives)

 Động từ nguyên dạng không to (bare infinitives)
i.e.

 Infinitive: to learn, to watch, to play…

  Bare infinitive: learn, watch, play…

Phủ định của động từ nguyên mẫu được hình thành bằng cách thêm “not” vào
trước “to V” hoặc “V”.
Eg:

 Infinitive: not to learn, not to watch, not to play…

 Bare infinitive: not learn, not watch, not play…

C.Bài tập:
I. Trắc nghiệm:
1. My father usually helps me_______ English.
A. to learn B. lean C. learning D. both a and b
2. He was heard_______ shout.
A. to B. of C. by D. at
3. This student expected_______ the first winner of the Grand Prix.
A. be B. being C. to be D. will be
4. I told her_______ about her wedding; everything will straighten out.
A. Don't worry B. not to worry C. no worry D. not worry
5. May I suggest you let_______
A. Mary doing so B. Mary do so C. Mary does to D. Mary to do so
6. She_______ him when he called her.
A. pretended not hear B. pretended she heard not
C. pretended not to hear D. did not pretend hear
7. The doctor advised_______ late.
A. me not staying up B. me not stay up
C. me not to stay up D. I did not stay up
8. The school superintendent told me_______
A. hurrying up B. to hurry up
C. hurry up D. hurried up
9. "_______us face the enemies", shouted the soldiers.
A. Make B. Let C. Leave D. Keep
10. Mr. Brown told the schoolgirls_______ in class.
A. don't ear B. not to eat C. eat not D. not eat
11. I have heard Dang Thai Son_______ the piano.
A. played B. plays C. play D. to play
12. The young teachers wanted a Foreign Language Teaching workshop _______
in Ho Chi Minh City.
A. to be holding B. should hold C. to be held D. to hold
13. _______able to take part in the international math contest two years from now,
Son works very hard in his math class.
A. In order to be B. Being C. Been D. So that he be
14. Try_______ so many mistakes.
A. not to make B. not make C. to make not D. make not
15. Let me_______ from you soon.
A. to hear B. hear C. hearing D. heard
16. John is too stupid_______ understand this.
A. to B. not to C. to not D. for
17. The wind is_______ to blow the roof off.
A. strong enough B. too strong C. quiet strong D. very strong
18. My father is _______ to stay up late.
A. too tired B. enough tired C. tired enough D. so tired
19. John wanted me_______ him.
A. to be helping B. help C. to help D. I help
20. I want_______ early tomorrow morning.
a. to leave b. leaving c. me leave d. me leaving
21. I hope_______
A. to see you there B. seeing you there
C. you to see there D. see you there
22. I taught_______
A. how mending a shirt B. him how to mend a shirt
C. how mend a shirt D. him how mend a shirt
23. I told_______
A Nam to come B. to come Nam C. to Nam come D. Nam come
24. My father has decided_______ a new house.
A. find B. to find C. finding D. him find
25. Mother warned_______ the electric plug
A. here not to touch B. her touching not C. her not touch D. not touch
II. Tự luận
1. Sally and her family love (go) _______ to the park in the summer.

2. Her mum likes (lie) _______ on the blanket and loves (read) _______ her
favourite magazines.

3. Anna’s family (like) _______ the park because they love (be) _______
outdoors.

4. I enjoy (collect) _______ dolls and it becomes my pleasure.

5. We love (watch) new films, and we (go) _______ to watch a new Hollywood
film next weekend.

6. My brother hates (do) _______ the same things day after day.

7. Would you mind _______ (watch) my bag for a few minutes?

8. I enjoy _______ (listen) to music while I’m doing the cooking.

9. He wants _______ (buy) a new computer game.

10. I’d like _______ (speak) to Mr. Davis, please. Is he there?

11. Please avoid _______ (make) silly mistakes in this exercise.

12. The children would love _______ (eat) French fries.

13. She really loves _______ (work) with children.

14. We tried _______ (call) you but your mobile was off.

15. They intend _______ (build) houses on the school playing fields.

16. I am learning (speak) _______English.

17. Do you mind (give) _______me a hand?

18. She helped me (carry) _______my suitcases.

19. I've finished (cook) _______ - come and eat!

20. He decided (study) _______ biology.

1.They are used to (prepare) _______ new lessons.

2. By (work) _______ day and night, he succeeded in (finish) _______ the job in
time.

3. His doctor advised him (give) _______ up (smoke) _______.

4. Please stop (talk) _______. We will stop (eat) _______ lunch in ten minutes.
5. Stop (argue) _______ and start (work) _______.