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6.2.2 Combining RV

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6.2.2 Combining RV

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akash.girish.rocks
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© © All Rights Reserved
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AP Statistics Name: _____________________________

6.2.2 Combining Random Variables

After much thought, your boss has decided on permanent employee wages which are randomly assigned using the
probability distribution 𝑋 given below. Additionally, at the end of every year she gives her employees an hourly raise.
The bonuses are assigned randomly according to the probability distribution 𝑌 given below. Assume 𝑋 and 𝑌 are
indpenendent.
1. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the probability distribution 𝑋, the hourly wages.

X –Hourly Wage $9 $12 $15


Probability 0.30 0.45 0.25

Mean: _________________ Variance: _________________ Standard Deviation: _________________

2. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the probability distribution 𝑌, the annual hourly raise.

Y – Hourly Raise $1 $3
Probability 0.70 0.30

Mean: _________________ Variance: _________________ Standard Deviation: _________________

3. Let 𝑁 = the new hourly wage for the upcoming year (𝑋 + 𝑌).
a. What are all the possible new hourly wages for the new year?

b. What is the probability of an employee being assigned a $9 wage AND a $1 raise? Show your work.

c. Complete the table below for the probability distribution of 𝑁 = 𝑋 + 𝑌 and find the mean and standard
deviation.
N – New
Hourly Wage

Probability
(with work)

Mean: _________________ Variance: _________________ Standard Deviation: _________________

Combining Random Variables if 𝑊 = 𝑋 ± 𝑌, complete the following in terms of 𝑋 and 𝑌.

𝜇! = 𝜎! =

* if 𝑋 and 𝑌 are independent random variables


Since transformations do NOT change shape, any transformation of two Normal random variables would result in a
Normal Distribution! Rules for combining mean & standard deviation still apply to the Normal Distribution!

Example 1: Hoop Fever is an arcade basketball game in which a player has 60 seconds to make as many baskets as
possible. Morgan and Tim play head-to-head every Tuesday. Let M = the number of baskets made by Morgan in a
randomly selected match follow an approximately Normal distribution with 𝜇! = 39.8 and 𝜎! = 5.7. Let T = the
number of baskets made by Tim in a randomly selected match follow an approximately Normal distribution with
𝜇 " = 31.2 and 𝜎" = 10.3. Let 𝐷 = 𝑀 − 𝑇.
a. Calculate and interpret the mean of 𝐷.

b. Calculate and interpret the standard deviation of 𝐷.

c. Describe the distribution of D.

d. What is the probability that Morgan will make more baskets than Tim in a randomly selected match?

Example 2: 𝑋 and 𝑌 are independent random variables with 𝜇# = 3, 𝜎# = 0.9, 𝜇$ = 1, and 𝜎$ = 2. Find the mean and
standard deviation of each of the following random variables:
a. 15𝑋 − 7𝑌 b. 𝑌% + 𝑌& + 𝑌'

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