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Emf Equation of DC Generator

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Emf Equation of DC Generator

Uploaded by

Abdullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Emf Equation of DC Generator

Derivation of EMF Equation of a DC Machine – Generator and Motor:

• Let,

• P – number of poles of the machine

• ϕ – Flux per pole in Weber.


• Z – Total number of armature conductors.

• N – Speed of armature in revolution per minute (r.p.m).

• A – number of parallel paths in the armature winding.

In one revolution of the armature, the flux cut by one conductor is given as:

Flux cut by one conductor  Pφ Webers ......... (1)


Time taken to complete one revolution is given as:

60 Seconds …………… (2)


t 
N

Therefore, the average induced e.m.f in one conductor will be:

d
e …………………… (3)
dt
Putting the value of (t) from Equation (2) in the equation (3) we
will get

P
e
60
N
P N
e Volts …………………………. (4)
60
The number of conductors connected in series in each parallel path = Z/A.

Therefore, the average induced e.m.f across each parallel path or the
armature terminals is given by the equation shown below:

P N Z Volts …………………………. (5)


E 
60 A

Where n is For a given machine, the number of poles and the number
of conductors per parallel path (Z/A) are constant. Hence, equation (5)
can be written as:

EK N
Where K is a constant and given as:

PZ
K
60A

Therefore, the average induced emf equation can also be written as:

E N

E

Where ω is the angular velocity in radians/second is represented


as:
2N

60
 Thus, it is clear that the induced emf is directly proportional to the speed and
flux per pole. The polarity of induced emf depends upon the direction of the
magnetic field and the direction of rotation. If either of the two is reversed the
polarity changes, but if two are reversed the polarity remains unchanged.

 This induced emf is a fundamental phenomenon for all the DC


machines whether they are working as a generator or motor.

 If the DC machine is working as a Generator, the induced emf is


given by the equation shown below:

PZN
Eg 
60 A
In a motor, the induced emf is called Back Emf Eb because it acts
opposite to the supply voltage.

PZN
Eb 
60 A
• If the DC Machine is working as a Generator,
the induced emf is given by the equation
shown below:

Where Eg is the Generated Emf

If the DC Machine is working as a Motor, the induced emf is


given by the equation shown below:
In a motor, the induced emf is called Back Emf (Eb) because it
acts opposite to the supply voltage.

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