JSS Mahavidyapeetha

JSS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

JSS Technical Institutions’ Campus, Mysuru – 570006

AIR QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM

Mini Project Report submitted in partial fulfillment of curriculum

prescribed for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

by
Ananya N Raj Deeksha
01JCE21EE004 01JCE21EE010
Harsha
01JCE21EE014 Meghana k m
02JST22UEE409

Under the Guidance of

Ms.Sharmila Nagraj
Assistant Professor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
JSS STU, Mysuru.

DEC,2024
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Air pollution is a critical issue affecting urban and rural areas, posing significant threats to human
health and environmental sustainability. Real-time monitoring of air quality is essential for identifying
pollution hotspots and ensuring public safety.

This project focuses on developing a compact air quality monitoring system that measures
harmful gases like methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), and alcohol vapors, along with fine
particulate matter (PM2.5). The system is equipped with GPS for location tracking, solar-powered
batteries for sustainable energy, and SMS alerts to warn users if pollutant levels exceed predefined safety
thresholds. Data is collected and stored live every minute, making the system suitable for real-time
applications and long-term analysis

OBJECTIVES
Real-Time Air Quality Monitoring: Measure key pollutants such as methane, carbon monoxide, alcohol
vapors, and PM2.5.
Safety Alerts: Send SMS notifications when pollutant levels exceed safe thresholds.
Data Collection and Storage: Implement live data collection at 1-minute intervals and store it for real-time
and historical analysis.
Portability and Sustainability: Create a compact, solar-powered device suitable for deployment in diverse
environments.
Location Tracking: Enable GPS tracking to associate air quality data with specific locations.

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 METHODOLOGY

Step 1: Sensor Calibration

- Methane (MQ4), Alcohol (MQ3), CO (MQ7), and PM2.5 sensors are calibrated in controlled environments.
- Predefined thresholds for each pollutant are set based on standard air quality guidelines.
Step 2: Hardware Design
- Arduino Uno collects data from sensors.
- NodeMCU transmits data to a cloud platform or triggers SMS alerts via a GSM module.
- A GPS module records the location of the system at regular intervals.
- A solar-powered battery ensures uninterrupted operation.
Step 3: Data Storage and Processing
- Data is collected every minute and transmitted live to a cloud platform (e.g., ThingSpeak or Firebase).
- Local storage (e.g., SD card) is used for backup.
Step 4: SMS Alerts
- A GSM module sends SMS alerts to predefined numbers when pollutant levels exceed safe limits.
Step 5: Compact Housing
- All components are enclosed in a weather-resistant, compact box for protection and portability.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

Hardware
1. Microcontrollers:
- Arduino Uno: For sensor data acquisition and processing.
- NodeMCU: For data transmission and cloud integration.
2. Sensors:
- MQ4 Sensor: Detects methane (CH4) levels.
- MQ3 Sensor: Detects alcohol vapors.
- MQ7 Sensor: Monitors carbon monoxide (CO).
- PM2.5 Sensor (e.g., SDS011): Measures fine particulate matter.
3. Additional Module:
- GSM Module (e.g., SIM800L): Sends SMS alerts.
- GPS Module (e.g., NEO-6M): Tracks the system’s location.

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4.Power Supply:
- Solar panel (10V/12V) with charge controller.
- Rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
5. Storage:
- SD card module for local data storage.
6. Enclosure:
- Weather-resistant compact box for housing all components.

Software
- Arduino IDE: For programming microcontrollers.
- Blynk or ThingSpeak: For real-time data visualization.
- GSM and GPS libraries: To enable SMS alerts and location tracking.

WORK DONE SO FAR

1. Sensor and Module Setup
- Integrated methane (MQ4), alcohol (MQ3), CO (MQ7), and PM2.5 sensors with Arduino Uno.
- Successfully configured the GSM module for SMS alerts.
- GPS module tested for accurate location tracking.

2. Data Transmission and Visualization

- NodeMCU was configured to send live sensor data to ThingSpeak for real-time monitoring.
- Basic SMS alert system was implemented to notify users of threshold breaches.

3. Power System
- Solar panel and battery tested for continuous operation.
- Power consumption optimized for longer usage.

4. Preliminary Testing
- Methane and alcohol sensors tested in controlled environments.
- CO and PM2.5 sensors deployed in indoor and outdoor locations for initial data collection.

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 FUTURE WORK
1. System Integration
- Integrate all sensors, modules, and power systems into a single, compact enclosure.

2. Enhanced Data Analytics

- Implement advanced analytics to predict air quality trends based on historical data.
- Use machine learning to identify patterns and forecast pollution levels.

3. Extended Testing
- Test the system in diverse environments, including industrial zones, urban areas, and rural locations.
- Validate GPS and SMS functionality in remote areas.

4. Scalability and Deployment

- Develop multiple units for deployment across a wide area.
- Create a networked system for real-time air quality mapping.

CONCLUSION
The air quality monitoring system provides a portable, solar-powered solution for tracking harmful pollutants in
real time. By integrating methane, alcohol, CO, and PM2.5 sensors with GPS, GSM, and data storage capabilities,
the system ensures comprehensive monitoring and safety alerts.

The SMS alert feature enhances its usability by notifying users of potential hazards, while live data storage and
GPS tracking make it suitable for personal, industrial, and governmental applications. Future work will focus on
system optimization, extended testing, and scalability, contributing significantly to air pollution control and
public safety.

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 REFERENCES
1. Arduino Documentation. ([https://www.arduino.cc](https://www.arduino.cc))
2.NodeMCU Documentation. ([https://nodemcu.readthedocs.io](https://nodemcu.readthedocs.io))
3. MQ Sensor Datasheets. ([https://www.winsen-sensor.com](https://www.winsen-sensor.com))
4.SDS011 PM2.5 Sensor Specifications. ([https://www.sds011-sensors.com](https://www.sds011-sensors.com))
5. GSM Module SIM800L Specifications.
6. GPS Module NEO-6M Datasheet.