QUESTION BANK

• IS MATTER AROUND US
PURE
• MOTION
• SCIENCE 9
• BY MS PEARL
• How can you change a saturated solution to an unsaturated solution without
adding any more solvent to it?
Answer:
By heating the saturated solution, it becomes unsaturated.
•
Sucrose (sugar) crystals obtained from sugarcane and beetroot are mixed together.
Will it be a pure substance or a mixture? Give reasons for the same. [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
It is a pure substance because chemical composition of sugar crystals is same
irrespective of its source.
•
Based on which factor a solution is said to be diluted, concentrated or saturated?
Answer:
A solution is said to be diluted, concentrated or saturated on the basis of the
amount of solute dissolved in the solution.
•
Identify solute and solvent in ‘tincture of iodine’.
Answer:
Iodine is the solute and alcohol is the solvent.
•
What is mass per cent of a solution?
Answer:
It is defined as the mass in grams of the solute present in one hundred grams
of a solution.
•
What are the two components of a colloidal solution?
Answer:
The two components of a colloidal solution are dispersed phase and
dispersing medium.
• In what respect does a true solution differ from a colloidal solution?
Answer:
A true solution is homogeneous whereas a colloidal solution is
heterogeneous.
• Define crystallisation.
Answer:
It is a process that separates a pure solid in the form of its crystals from
a solution.
•.
Why is crystallisation technique considered better than simple
evaporation to purify solids?
Answer:
Crystallisation is considered better than simple evaporation because
• some solids decompose or get charred on heating to dryness.
• some impurities may remain dissolved in the solution even after
filtration. On evaporation, these contaminate the solid.
• Why is water called universal solvent?
Answer:
Water is known as universal solvent because it has the ability to dissolve
wide variety of substances.
•
Which of the following are physical changes?
Melting of iron metal, rusting of iron, bending of iron rod, drawing a wire
of iron metal.
Answer:
Melting of iron metal, bending of iron rod and drawing a wire of iron
metal are physical changes because there is no change in the chemical
composition of iron, only its form is changing.
• Name two elements which exist in liquid state at room temperature.
Answer:
Gallium and mercury exist in liquid state at room temperature.
• Explain why particles of a colloidal solution do not settle down when left
undisturbed, while in the case of a suspension they do. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Particle size in a suspension is larger than those in a colloidal solution.
Also molecular interaction in a suspension is not strong enough to keep
the particles suspended and hence they settle down.

• Question 4.
Identify colloids and true solutions from the following:
Pond water, fog, aluminium paint, vinegar and glucose solution.
Answer:
True solutions are vinegar and glucose solution.
• Colloids are fog, aluminium paint.
• Smoke and fog both are aerosols. In what way are they different? [NCERT
Exemplar]
Answer:
Both fog and smoke have gas as the dispersion medium. The only
difference is that the dispersed phase in fog is liquid and in smoke it is a
solid.
• What do you understand by the term distillation? Give its one application.
Answer:
Distillation is a process of boiling a liquid and then condensing the vapour
obtained into a liquid. This process is used to obtain wines from the
sugarcane juice.
• While diluting a solution of salt in water, a student by mistake added
acetone (boiling point 56°C). What technique can be employed to get
back the acetone? Justify your choice. [NCERTExemplar]
Answer:
Distillation is used to get back acetone. We know that boiling point of
water is 100°C and since acetone is more volatile it will separate out first.
• Define chromatography and give its one application.
Answer:
Chromatography is a technique used for the separation of a mixture of
solutes brought about by distribution of dissolved material between two
immiscible phases, one of which is mobile phase and the other part is
stationary phase. It is useful in forensic science to detect and identify
trace amounts of substances in the contents of bladder or stomach.
• Is water an element or a compound? Give reason in support of your
statement
Answer:
Water is a compound because of the following reasons:
• It is composed of two different elements, hydrogen and oxygen which
cannot be separated by physical methods. They can be separated only
by electrolysis.
• The physical and chemical properties of hydrogen and oxygen are
entirely different from the properties of water.
•
State the principle of separating two immiscible liquids by separating
funnel. Describe an activity with diagram to separate a mixture of
water and kerosene oil.
Answer:
Immiscible layers separate out in layers depending on their densities
in separating funnel.

• Activity to separate kerosene oil from water using a separating

funnel:
• Pour the mixture of kerosene oil and water in separating funnel as
shown in figure.
• Let it stand undisturbed for sometime so that separate layers of oil
and water are formed.
• Open the stopcock of the separating funnel and pour out the lower
layer of water carefully.
• Close the stopcock of the separating funnel as the oil reaches the
stopcock.
• Name the process associated with the following:
(a) Dry ice is kept at room temperature and at one atmospheric pressure.
(b) A potassium permanganate crystal is in a beaker and water is poured
into the beaker with stirring.
(c) An acetone bottle is left open and the bottle becomes empty.
(d) Milk is churned to separate cream from it.
(e) Settling of sand when a mixture of sand and water is left undisturbed
for some time.
(f) Fine beam of light entering through a small hole in a dark room,
illuminates the particles in its paths. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Sublimation
(b) Dissolution/diffusion
(c) Evaporation/diffusion
(d) Centrifugation
(e) Sedimentation
(f) Scattering of light (Tyndall effect).
• Non-metals are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity. They are non-
lustrous, non-sonorous, non-malleable and are coloured.
(a) Name a lustrous non-metal.
(b) Name a non-metal which exists as a liquid at room temperature.
(c) The allotropic form of a non-metal is a good conductor of electricity.
Name the allotrope.
(d) Name a non-metal which is known to form the largest number of
compounds.
(e) Name a non-metal other than carbon which shows allotropy.
(f) Name a non-metal which is required for combustion. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Iodine
(b) Bromine
(c) Graphite
(d) Carbon
(e) Sulphur
(f) Oxygen
• Fractional distillation is suitable for separation of miscible liquids with a
boiling point difference of about 25 K or less. What part of fractional
distillation apparatus makes it efficient and possess an advantage over a
simple distillation process? Explain using a diagram. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The fractionating column packed with glass beads provides a surface for
the vapours to collide and lose energy so that they can be quickly
condensed and distilled. Also, length of the column would increase the
efficiency of separation.
• CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• Show diagrammatically how water is purified in the waterworks system
and list the processes involved?
• A solution of urea in water contains 16 grams of it in 120 grams of
solution. Find out the mass percentage of the solution.
• A solution has been prepared by mixing 5.6 mL of alcohol with 75 mL
of water. Calculate the percentage (by volume) of alcohol in the
solution.
• A solution contains 30 g of glucose, 20 g of salt in 500 mL of water.
Calculate the mass per cent of
(a) glucose,
(b) salt (density of water = 1 g /mL).
• Calculate the mass of water and glucose required to make 250 g of 40%
solution of glucose.
 Distillation Fractional Distillation
It is used to separate liquids with higher difference in It is used to separate liquids with less difference in
boiling points (> 25°) Boiling points (<25°)

It uses a simple apparatus, 2 flasks and a condenser. No It uses fractionating column additionally
Fractionating column is used

It is used to purify sea water It is used to refine crude oil into different componenets
lije petrol,diesel,kerosene

It is used to separate acetone from water It is used to separate gases from air
MOTION
• The phenomenon of motion was placed on a sound scientific footing by
two scientists. Write their names.
Answer:
Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton
• Suppose a ball is thrown vertically upwards from a position P above the
ground. It rises to the highest point Q and returns to the same point P.
What is the net displacement and distance travelled by the ball?
Answer:
Displacement is zero. Distance is twice the distance between position P
and Q.
• What do you mean by 2 m/s2?
Answer:
The velocity of the body increases by 2 m/s after every second
• What is essential to describe the position of an object?
Answer:
We need to specify a reference point called the origin.
• What is the simplest type of motion?
Answer:
Motion in a straight line.
• if the displacement of a body is zero, is it necessary that the distance
coyered by it is also zero?
Answer:
No. When the body comes back to the same position after travelling a
distance, its displacement is zero though it has travelled some distance.
• Question 14.
Can the displacement be greater than the distance travelled by an
object?
Answer:
No, it is always either equal to or less than the distance travelled by the
object.
• Does the speedometer of a car measure its average speed?
Answer:
No. It measures its instantaneous speed.
•
A body is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. If the motion is uniform, what
will be the velocity after 10 s?
Answer:
As the motion is uniform, the velocity remains 10 m/s after 10 s.
•
Can a body have constant speed but variable velocity?
Answer:
Yes, e.g. a body in uniform circular motion has constant speed but due to the
change in the direction of motion, its velocity changes at every point.
• When is the acceleration taken as negative?
Answer:
Acceleration is taken as negative if it is in the direction opposite to the
direction of velocity.
• What is uniform acceleration?
Answer:
Acceleration of an object is said to be uniform if it travels in a straight
line and its velocity increases or decreases by equal amounts in equal
intervals of time.For example, motion of a freely falling body.
• Question 21.
Give an example of non-uniform acceleration.
Answer:
A car is travelling along a straight road increases its speed by unequal
amounts in equal intervals of time.
• Question 22.
How are the distances travelled by an object related to the time taken
when an object travels equal distances in equal intervals of time?
Answer:
In this case, distance travelled by the object is directly proportional to
the time taken.
• What is the difference between uniform velocity and non-uniform
velocity?
Answer:

• Uniform velocity: An object with uniform velocity covers equal

distances in equal intervals of time in a specified direction, e.g., an
object moving with speed of 40 kmh-1 towards west has uniform
velocity.
• Non-uniform velocity: When an object covers unequal distances in
equal intervals of time in a specified direction, or if the direction of
motion changes, it is said to be moving with a non-uniform or variable
velocity, e.g., revolving fan at a constant speed has variable velocity.
•

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