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35 views6 pages

fluidmechanics23final

Uploaded by

ege10akpinar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name:

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No: 1 2 3 4 5 T

FLUID MECHANICS
2022-2023 Spring-FINAL EXAM (20.06.2023)
Question 1a)
(i) What is Archimedes’ principle? What is buoyant force? Explain.

(ii) Describe the drag and lift force.

(iii) A spherical body has a diameter of 1.5 m, weighs 8.5 kN and anchored to the sea floor with
a cable. Although the buoy normally floats on the surface, at certain times the sea level rises so
that the buoy is completely immersed as illustrated. For this condition what is the tension (T) of
the cable? (salt water γ=10.1 kN/m3)

(iv) Define Reynolds number and its significance in fluid flow analysis.

(v) State Bernoulli's equation and provide an application where it is commonly used.

Question 1b)
(i) Show the locations of the center of gravity (G), center of buoyancy (B) and meta center (M) on a figure for a stable
floating body and a unstable floating body.

(ii) Explain in which condition does it become unstable?

Question 1c)
(i) Define the boundary layer. Explain why it develops.
(ii) Draw the boundary layer development entering a circular pipe for a fully developed turbulent flow.
(iii) Take two cross-sections and draw the vertical velocity distributions for a) from the entrance region to a pipe, and
b) from fully developed region.

Question 1d)
1 2
FD C D
i)= ρU 0 A is a semi empirical equation used to calculate the drag force.
2
• Explain meaning of each term.

• Which parameters does CD depend on?

• What is drag force?

ii) A steel sphere (specific gravity d=7.82) of 51mm diameter is released in a large tank of oil (specific gravity
d=0.82). Calculate the terminal fall velocity of this sphere (CD=1).
Question 2a)
Determine the hydrostatic force on 2m wide rectangular panel AB and locate its center of pressure (dHg=13.6). The tank
𝐼𝐼𝐺𝐺 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠2 𝜃𝜃
is full of water ((ℎ𝑝𝑝 = + ℎ𝐺𝐺 )
ℎ𝐺𝐺 𝐴𝐴

Question 2b)
Water flows from a large tank through a large pipe that splits into two smaller pipes as shown in figure. If viscous effects
are negligible, determine the flowrate from the tank and the pressure at point (1).

Question 3)
A water jet spurts from a circular opening at the end of a D=20 cm pipe with a discharge of 0.04 m3/s.
Determine;
a) the pressure read from manometer.
b) the force acting on surface AC.
Question 4)

i) Velocity potential of an incompressible flow is given as φ= y 2 − x 2 . Is this flow physically possible?

ii) Obtain the stream function.

Question 5) Test Section

1- Pascal's law is applicable to which type of fluids?

a) Newtonian fluids

b) Non-Newtonian fluids

c) Ideal gases

d) Incompressible fluids

2- The ratio of dynamic viscosity to density of a fluid is known as:

a) Specific gravity

b) Specific heat capacity

c) Kinematic viscosity

d) Thermal conductivity

3- The coefficient of volume expansion is defined as the change in volume per unit change in:

a) Temperature

b) Pressure

c) Density

d) Velocity

4- The pressure at a point in a fluid at rest:

a) Increases with depth

b) Decreases with depth

c) Remains constant at all depths

d) Depends on the shape of the container

5- The study of fluids at rest is known as:


a) Fluid dynamics

b) Fluid kinematics

c) Fluid mechanics

d) Fluid statics

6- The property of a fluid that describes its resistance to shear stress is called:

a) Surface tension

b) Viscosity

c) Buoyancy

d) Cohesion

7- The force exerted by a fluid on a body immersed in it, opposite to the direction of motion, is known as:

a) Buoyant force

b) Drag force

c) Surface tension force

d) Viscous force

8- Which of the following is an example of non-Newtonian fluid?

a) Water

b) Air

c) Honey

d) Gasoline

9- The flow of fluid through a pipe is said to be turbulent when:

a) The Reynolds number is less than 2000

b) The Reynolds number is between 2000 and 4000

c) The Reynolds number is greater than 4000

d) The flow is incompressible

10 -The principle of conservation of mass is also known as:

a) Pascal's law

b) Bernoulli's equation
c) Archimedes' principle

d) Continuity equation

11- Which type of flow is characterized by smooth and orderly layers of fluid moving parallel to each other?

a) Laminar flow

b) Turbulent flow

c) Compressible flow

d) Incompressible flow

12- Which equation describes the relationship between velocity, pressure, and elevation in a steady, incompressible,
and inviscid flow?

a) Pascal's law

b) Bernoulli's equation

c) Archimedes' principle

d) Hooke's law

13 -The flow rate of a fluid through a pipe is directly proportional to:

a) The square root of the pressure difference

b) The square root of the pipe diameter

c) The pressure difference

d) The square of the pipe diameter

14 -The measure of a fluid's resistance to flow is called:

a) Surface tension

b) Viscosity

c) Buoyancy

d) Cohesion

15 -The velocity profile for laminar flow in a pipe is:

a) Parabolic

b) Flat

c) Hyperbolic
d) Irregular

16- The dynamic viscosity of a fluid is typically measured in:

a) kg/m

b) N/m²

c) m²/s

d) m³/s

17 - The capillary rise in a thin tube is due to:

a) Surface tension

b) Viscosity

c) Buoyancy

d) Cohesion

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