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Maths Structure

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Maths Structure

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totalmagician99
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COURSE STRUCTURE

CLASS X
(Annual Examination)
MATHEMATICS
(CODE NO. 041)
UNIT I: NUMBER SYSTEMS
1. REAL NUMBER
Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic - statements after reviewing work done earlier
and after illustrating and motivating through examples, Proofs of irrationality of √2 √3
√5

UNIT II: ALGEBRA


1. POLYNOMIALS
Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic
polynomials.
2. PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution,
consistency/inconsistency. Algebraic conditions for number of solutions. Solution of a
pair of linear equations in two variables algebraically - by substitution, by elimination.
Simple situational problems.
3. QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
Standard form of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, (a ≠ 0). Solutions of quadratic
equations (only real roots) by factorization, and by using quadratic formula.
Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots. Situational problems based on
quadratic equations related to day to day activities to be incorporated.
4. ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS
Motivation for studying Arithmetic Progression Derivation of the nth term and sum of
the first n terms of A.P. and their application in solving daily life problems.

UNIT III: COORDINATE GEOMETRY


Coordinate Geometry
Review: Concepts of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations. Distance
formula. Section formula (internal division).

UNIT IV: GEOMETRY


1. TRIANGLES
Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar triangles.
1. (Prove) If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other
two sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
2. (Motivate) If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, the line is
parallel to the third side.
3. (Motivate) If in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, their
corresponding sides are proportional and the triangles are similar.
4. (Motivate) If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, their
corresponding angles are equal and the two triangles are similar.
5. (Motivate) If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and
the sides including these angles are proportional, the two triangles are similar.
2. CIRCLES
Tangent to a circle at, point of contact
1. (Prove) The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through
the point of contact.
2. (Prove) The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.

UNIT V: TRIGONOMETRY
1. INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY
Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their
existence (well defined); motivate the ratios whichever are defined at 0o and 90o.
Values of the trigonometric ratios of 300 , 450 and 600 . Relationships between the
ratios.
2. TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
Proof and applications of the identity sin2A + cos2A = 1. Only simple identities to be
given.
3. HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES: Angle of elevation, Angle of Depression.
Simple problems on heights and distances. Problems should not involve more than two
right triangles. Angles of elevation / depression should be only 30°, 45°, and 60°.

UNIT VI: MENSURATION


1. AREAS RELATED TO CIRCLES
Area of sectors and segments of a circle. Problems based on areas and perimeter /
circumference of the above said plane figures. (In calculating area of segment of a
circle, problems should be restricted to central angle of 60°, 90° and 120° only.
2. SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES
Surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of the following: cubes, cuboids,
spheres, hemispheres and right circular cylinders/cones.

UNIT VII: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY


1. STATISTICS
Mean, median and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided).
2. PROBABILITY
Classical definition of probability. Simple problems on finding the probability of an
event.

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