Visvesvaraya Technological University

Jnana Sangama, Belgavi - 590018

Seminar Topic On
ORGANIC FARMING, AGRICULTURE AND CONNECTIVITY FOR MARKETING

Associated with the subject

National Service Scheme[NSS] (BNSK459)

Submitted By
Ms. DSushmita
e v a d a tDebbarma
han s k

[1RI22ME008]
[23CI029]
Under The Guidance Of
Dr.D rMohan
C h a n nKumar
a b a s a T.E
varaj

Associate professor Department of Basic Science

RR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
[Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum]

Raja Reddy Layout, Hesaraghatta Main Road, Near

Chikkabanavara Railway Station, Chikkabanavara,
Bengaluru- 560 090
 R R Institute of Technology
[Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum]

Raja Reddy Layout, Hesaraghatta Main Road, Near Chikkabanavara Railway

Station, Chikkabanavara, Bengaluru - 560 090

CERTIFICATE

Certified that the "National Service Scheme" carried out by Ms. Sushmita
Debbarma bearing Admission No: 23CI029 a bonafide student of R R
Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of
Engineering in Civil Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological
University,Belagavi during the year 2023- 2024. It is certified that
theory/practicals/corrections/suggestions have been executed under the
Project Coordination of Dr Mohan Kumar T.E. The project report has
been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of SCR
prescribed for the said degree.

Signature of Project Coordinator Signature of HOD Signature of Principal

Dr Mohan Kumar T.E Dr.Kumar R Rao Dr. Mahendra K V

Associate. Professor HOD and Professor Principal
Dept of Basic Science Dept of Civil RRIT
RRIT RRIT
 National Service Scheme 2023-2024
ORGANIC FARMING AND AGRICULTURE

Introduction
Organic farming, also known as ecological farming or biological farming, is an agricultural system that uses
fertilizers of organic origin such as compost manure, green manure and bone meal and places emphasis on
techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting. It originated early in the 20th century in reaction
to rapidly changing farming practices. Certified organic agriculture accounts for 70 million hectares (170
million acres) globally, with over half of that total in Australia Biological pest control, mixed cropping, and the
fostering of insect predators are encouraged. Organic standards are designed to allow the use of naturally-
occurring substances while prohibiting or strictly limiting synthetic substances

Organic farming is a method of agricultural production that involves the use of natural
techniques and practices instead of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. The goal of
organic farming is to create a sustainable system that supports the environment,
produces healthy crops, and protects the health of farmers and consumers.
Organic farming practices include a range of techniques aimed at preserving and
enhancing soil quality, such as crop rotation, composting, and natural pest control. These
practices also promote biodiversity and reduce the use of non-renewable resources, such
as fossil fuels.
One of the key principles of organic farming is the avoidance of synthetic chemicals,
which can harm the environment and pose health risks to farmers and consumers.
Instead, organic farmers use natural methods to manage pests and maintain soil fertility,
such as using beneficial insects, birds, or other predators to control pests naturally, or
adding organic fertilizers like manure or compost to the soil.

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Benefits of Organic Farming

Environment-friendly.
Promotes sustainable development.
Healthy and tasty food.
Inexpensive process.
It uses organic inputs.
Generates income.
Generates income through exports.
Source of employment.
No more genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
Soil Protection
Better nutrition
Healthy working environment around farms
Fertilizers are made naturally and on-site
Opportunity to grow a variety of crops
Climate-friendly

VERMICOMPOST

Vermicompost (vermis - compost) is the product of the decomposition process using various species of worms
usually red and white worms and other earthworms to create a mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste
bedding materials, and vermis's t. This process is called vermicomposting, with the rearing of worms for this
purpose is called vermiculture Verm cast (also called worm castings, worm humus worm poop, worm manure, or
worm faces) is the end-product of the breakdown of organic matter by earthworms. These excreta have been shown
to contain reduced levels of contaminants and a higher saturation of nutrients than the organic materials before
vermicomposting Vermicompost contains water-soluble nutrients which may be extracted as Verm wash and is an
excellent, nutrient-rich organic fertilizer and soil conditioner. is used in gardening and sustainable, organic farming
Vermicomposting can also be applied for treatment of sewage. A variation of the process is Verm filtration (or
vermis digestion) which is used to remove organic matter, pathogens, and oxygen demand from wastewater or
directly from blackwater of flush toilets

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Organic Farming Methods in India

Organic farming methods in India are deeply rooted in traditional agriculture practices that
date back thousands of years. These techniques have been passed down through generations
and have proved to be effective in producing healthy and sustainable crops.
One of the most important organic farming techniques in India is crop rotation. This involves
switching the type of crop grown in a particular field each season to prevent soil exhaustion
and maintain soil fertility. Farmers in India also use composting to promote soil health and
maintain moisture levels.
Natural pest control is another key organic farming technique in India. Farmers often use
neem oil, garlic, and chili spray to ward off pests and promote crop health without using
harmful chemicals. Additionally, farmers will often plant companion crops, such as
marigolds, to deter pests and attract beneficial insects.
Biodynamic farming is a newer organic farming method that has gained popularity in India in
recent years. It involves using various preparations made from herbs, minerals, and manure
to enhance soil fertility and promote plant health. Permaculture is another sustainable
farming technique that focuses on creating self-sustaining and self-regulating eco-systems.

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Organic Farming Market in India

The organic farming market in India has seen significant growth in

recent years. According to a report by the Agricultural and Processed
Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), the total
area under organic certification in India was 3.56 million hectares in
2019-20, an increase of 9.5% from the previous year. The demand for
organic products has also been on the rise, both domestically and
internationally.
However, the organic farming market in India still faces several
challenges. One major challenge is the lack of reliable market
linkages for organic farmers. Many organic farmers struggle to access
markets that offer fair prices for their products or have to rely on
middlemen who often drive down prices. This makes it difficult for
them to earn a decent livelihood and invest in their farms.
Another challenge is the issue of certification. While certification is
crucial for ensuring the authenticity and quality of organic products,
the process can be time-consuming and expensive for small farmers.
There is also a need for better awareness and education among
farmers regarding the certification process and its benefits.
Despite these challenges, there have been several initiatives aimed at
promoting the growth of the organic farming market in India. The
government has launched various support programs and subsidies to
encourage more farmers to adopt organic practices. Additionally,
there has been an increase in the number of private companies and
NGOs working with small organic farmers to provide them with
better market linkages and training.

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PLANT NURSERY

A nursery is a place where plants are propagated and grown to a desired size. In
a word, a nursery is a center of seedling production where seedlings are
produced and taken care of until transplantation in the main field. Mostly the
plants concerned are for gardening forestry, or conservation biology, rather than
agriculture. They include retail nurseries, which sell to the general public;
wholesale nurseries, which sell only to businesses such as other nurseries and
commercial gardeners; and private nurseries, which supply the needs of
institutions or private estates. Some will also work in plant breeding. A
"nurseryman" is a person who owns or works in a nursery. Some nurseries
specialize in certain areas, which may include: propagation and the selling of
small or bare root plants to other nurseries; growing out plant materials to a
saleable size, or retail sales. Nurseries may also specialize in one type of plant,
e.g. groundcovers, shade plants, or rock garden plants.
Challenges and Solutions
While organic farming in India has numerous benefits, it is not without its
challenges. One of the biggest challenges faced by organic farmers is pest
control. Without synthetic pesticides, organic farmers must rely on natural
methods such as crop rotation, companion planting, and biological control. This
requires careful planning and expertise to ensure effective pest management.
The transition from conventional farming to organic farming can also be a
challenge for many farmers. It requires significant changes in farming practices
and a deep understanding of soil health and biodiversity. Training and support
programs offered by government and non-governmental organizations can help
farmers make the transition and adopt more sustainable practices.

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CONNECTIVITY OF ORGANIC FARMING AND AGRICULTIRE TO MARKETING :

Digital marketing is crucial for organic farming because it allows farmers to establish
themselves as leaders in the industry and build their brand. With the help of digital
marketing, farmers can showcase their products and educate consumers about the
benefits of organic farming. This can lead to increased demand for organic products and
ultimately benefit both the farmers and the consumers.

Conclusion

Organic farming in India is not only a way to promote sustainable agriculture

but also a way to promote a healthier lifestyle for consumers. Through the use
of natural farming techniques, organic farmers are able to produce high-
quality products that are free of harmful pesticides and chemicals.
While there are still challenges that need to be overcome in the organic
farming industry, such as the lack of market access and the high cost of
certification, there is a growing movement towards organic farming in India.
Government initiatives and support programs are helping to encourage more
farmers to adopt organic practices, and consumers are increasingly seeking
out organic products.
As we look towards the future, it is clear that organic farming will play an
increasingly important role in shaping India’s agricultural landscape.
Technology and innovation will continue to drive growth in the industry, but
ultimately it is the support of consumers that will determine the success of
organic farming in India.

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