BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Blacktown Boys’ High School

2024
HSC Trial Examination

Mathematics Extension 2
General x Reading time – 10 minutes - Blank Page -
Instructions x Working time – 3 hours
x Write using black pen
x Calculators approved by NESA may be used
x A reference sheet is provided for this paper
x All diagrams are not drawn to scale
x In Questions 11 – 16, show relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations

Total marks: Section I – 10 marks (pages 3 – 6)

100 x Attempt Questions 1 – 10
x Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Section II – 90 marks (pages 7 – 12)

x Attempt Questions 11 – 16
x Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section

Assessor: X. Chirgwin

Student Name: _________________________________________

Teacher Name: _________________________________________

Students are advised that this is a trial examination only and cannot in any way guarantee the
content or format of the 2024 Higher School Certificate Examination.

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 BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Blacktown Boys’ High School

2024
HSC Trial Examination

Mathematics Extension 2
General x Reading time – 10 minutes - Blank Page -
Instructions x Working time – 3 hours
x Write using black pen
x Calculators approved by NESA may be used
x A reference sheet is provided for this paper
x All diagrams are not drawn to scale
x In Questions 11 – 16, show relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations

Total marks: Section I – 10 marks (pages 3 – 6)

100 x Attempt Questions 1 – 10
x Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Section II – 90 marks (pages 7 – 12)

x Attempt Questions 11 – 16
x Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section

Assessor: X. Chirgwin

Student Name: _________________________________________

Teacher Name: _________________________________________

Students are advised that this is a trial examination only and cannot in any way guarantee the
content or format of the 2024 Higher School Certificate Examination.

-2-
BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Section I Q3 Which expression is equal to න 2 tanଷ ‫ ݔ‬sec ଶ ‫? ݔ݀ ݔ‬

10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section A. 2 tanସ ‫ ݔ‬+ ‫ܥ‬

Use the multiple choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10. tanସ ‫ݔ‬
B. +‫ܥ‬
2

Q1 Consider the following statement. C. 2 tanହ ‫ ݔ‬+ 2 tanଷ ‫ ݔ‬+ ‫ܥ‬

‘If Steve is stressed, then he does not sleep well.” 2 tanହ ‫ ݔ‬2 tanଷ ‫ݔ‬
D. + +‫ܥ‬
5 3
Which of the following is the converse of this statement?

A. If Steve is not stressed, then he does not sleep well.

Q4 The polynomial ܲ(‫ ݖ( = )ݖ‬െ ܽ)(‫ ݖ‬െ ܾ)(‫ ݖ‬െ ܿ) has complex roots ܽ, ܾ and ܿ, where
B. If Steve is stressed, then he does sleep well. ܴ݁(ܽ) ് 0, ܴ݁(ܾ) ് 0, ܴ݁(ܿ) ് 0 and ‫ = )ܾ(݉ܫ‬0. When expanded, the polynomial
is a cubic with real coefficients. Which one of the following statements is definitely
C. If Steve does not sleep well, then he is stressed. true?

D. If Steve does sleep well, then he is not stressed.

A. |ܽ| = |ܿ|

B. ܽ+ܿ =0

C. |ܽ| = |ܾ|
9 2
Q2 The line ‫ = ܮ‬൭ 0 ൱ + ߣ ൭െ3൱ forms an angle with the positive ‫ݔ‬-axis. D. ܽെܿ =0
െ2 1
What is the size of this angle?

A. 12.5° Q5 A particle undergoes simple harmonic motion about the origin. Its displacement in
centimetre is given by
B. 57.7° ‫ߨ ݐ‬
‫ = ݔ‬5 cos ൬ + ൰
2 3
C. 74.5°
The particle is at rest when
D. 143.3°
A. ‫=ݐ‬0

ߨ
B. ‫=ݐ‬
3

2ߨ
C. ‫=ݐ‬
3

4ߨ
D. ‫=ݐ‬
3

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BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Section I Q3 Which expression is equal to න 2 tanଷ ‫ ݔ‬sec ଶ ‫? ݔ݀ ݔ‬

10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section A. 2 tanସ ‫ ݔ‬+ ‫ܥ‬

Use the multiple choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10. tanସ ‫ݔ‬
B. +‫ܥ‬
2

Q1 Consider the following statement. C. 2 tanହ ‫ ݔ‬+ 2 tanଷ ‫ ݔ‬+ ‫ܥ‬

‘If Steve is stressed, then he does not sleep well.” 2 tanହ ‫ ݔ‬2 tanଷ ‫ݔ‬
D. + +‫ܥ‬
5 3
Which of the following is the converse of this statement?

A. If Steve is not stressed, then he does not sleep well.

Q4 The polynomial ܲ(‫ ݖ( = )ݖ‬െ ܽ)(‫ ݖ‬െ ܾ)(‫ ݖ‬െ ܿ) has complex roots ܽ, ܾ and ܿ, where
B. If Steve is stressed, then he does sleep well. ܴ݁(ܽ) ് 0, ܴ݁(ܾ) ് 0, ܴ݁(ܿ) ് 0 and ‫ = )ܾ(݉ܫ‬0. When expanded, the polynomial
is a cubic with real coefficients. Which one of the following statements is definitely
C. If Steve does not sleep well, then he is stressed. true?

D. If Steve does sleep well, then he is not stressed.

A. |ܽ| = |ܿ|

B. ܽ+ܿ =0

C. |ܽ| = |ܾ|
9 2
Q2 The line ‫ = ܮ‬൭ 0 ൱ + ߣ ൭െ3൱ forms an angle with the positive ‫ݔ‬-axis. D. ܽെܿ =0
െ2 1
What is the size of this angle?

A. 12.5° Q5 A particle undergoes simple harmonic motion about the origin. Its displacement in
centimetre is given by
B. 57.7° ‫ߨ ݐ‬
‫ = ݔ‬5 cos ൬ + ൰
2 3
C. 74.5°
The particle is at rest when
D. 143.3°
A. ‫=ݐ‬0

ߨ
B. ‫=ݐ‬
3

2ߨ
C. ‫=ݐ‬
3

4ߨ
D. ‫=ݐ‬
3

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BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Q6 A 14 kilogram mass moves in a straight line under the action of a variable force ‫ܨ‬, Q9 On the Argand diagram below, points ‫ ܣ‬and ‫ ܤ‬correspond to the complex numbers
so that its velocity ‫ି ݏ݉ ݒ‬ଵ when it is ‫ ݔ‬metres from the origin is given by ‫ݖ‬ଵ and ‫ݖ‬ଶ respectively. Given that ‫ ܯ‬is the midpoint of the interval ‫ ܤܣ‬and ܳ‫ ܯ‬is
‫ = ݒ‬ξ5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10. The force ‫ ܨ‬acting on the mass is given by drawn perpendicular to ‫ܤܣ‬, and ܳ‫ܯܤ = ܯܣ = ܯ‬. If ܳ corresponds to the complex
number ߱, what is the correct expression for ߱?
A. 14ඥ5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10

B. 14(5‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ‫ ݔ‬ସ + 10‫)ݔ‬

C. 7(5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )

D. 7(5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10)

௔
݀‫ݔ‬ ‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
A. +݅ቀ ቁ
Q7 Which expression is equal to න ? 2 2
ିଷ ξ7 െ 6‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ
‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ܽെ3 B. +݅൬ ൰
A. sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 2 2
2
‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ܽെ3 C. ݅ቀ ቁ
B. sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 2
4
‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ܽ+3 D. ݅൬ ൰
C. sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 2
2

ܽ+3
D. sinିଵ ൬ ൰
4

Q10 Without evaluating the integrals, which of the following equals to zero?

ଶ
A. න |‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 10|݀‫ݔ‬
Q8 What is the simplest expression of ିଶ
1 1 1 1 ଵ
Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + ‫ ڮ‬+ Arg ൬ ൰?
1+݅ (1 + ݅)ଶ (1 + ݅)ଷ (1 + ݅)ଶ଴ B. න (‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 1)(1 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ )ହ ݀‫ݔ‬
ିଵ
ߨ
A. െ గ
4 ସ cosଷ ‫ ݔ‬+ 1
C. න ݀‫ݔ‬
గ
ିସ cosଶ ‫ݔ‬
ߨ
B. െ
2 గ
ଶ sinଷ ‫ ݔ‬cos ‫ݔ‬
ߨ D. න ݀‫ݔ‬
C.
గ
ିଶ 2
4

ߨ
D.
2
End of Section I

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BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Q6 A 14 kilogram mass moves in a straight line under the action of a variable force ‫ܨ‬, Q9 On the Argand diagram below, points ‫ ܣ‬and ‫ ܤ‬correspond to the complex numbers
so that its velocity ‫ି ݏ݉ ݒ‬ଵ when it is ‫ ݔ‬metres from the origin is given by ‫ݖ‬ଵ and ‫ݖ‬ଶ respectively. Given that ‫ ܯ‬is the midpoint of the interval ‫ ܤܣ‬and ܳ‫ ܯ‬is
‫ = ݒ‬ξ5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10. The force ‫ ܨ‬acting on the mass is given by drawn perpendicular to ‫ܤܣ‬, and ܳ‫ܯܤ = ܯܣ = ܯ‬. If ܳ corresponds to the complex
number ߱, what is the correct expression for ߱?
A. 14ඥ5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10

B. 14(5‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ‫ ݔ‬ସ + 10‫)ݔ‬

C. 7(5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )

D. 7(5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10)

௔
݀‫ݔ‬ ‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
A. +݅ቀ ቁ
Q7 Which expression is equal to න ? 2 2
ିଷ ξ7 െ 6‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ
‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ܽെ3 B. +݅൬ ൰
A. sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 2 2
2
‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ܽെ3 C. ݅ቀ ቁ
B. sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 2
4
‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ܽ+3 D. ݅൬ ൰
C. sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 2
2

ܽ+3
D. sinିଵ ൬ ൰
4

Q10 Without evaluating the integrals, which of the following equals to zero?

ଶ
A. න |‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 10|݀‫ݔ‬
Q8 What is the simplest expression of ିଶ
1 1 1 1 ଵ
Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + ‫ ڮ‬+ Arg ൬ ൰?
1+݅ (1 + ݅)ଶ (1 + ݅)ଷ (1 + ݅)ଶ଴ B. න (‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 1)(1 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ )ହ ݀‫ݔ‬
ିଵ
ߨ
A. െ గ
4 ସ cosଷ ‫ ݔ‬+ 1
C. න ݀‫ݔ‬
గ
ିସ cosଶ ‫ݔ‬
ߨ
B. െ
2 గ
ଶ sinଷ ‫ ݔ‬cos ‫ݔ‬
ߨ D. න ݀‫ݔ‬
C.
గ
ିଶ 2
4

ߨ
D.
2
End of Section I

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BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Section II Question 12 (15 marks) Use the Question 12 Writing Booklet.

90 Marks (a) A particle moves in simple harmonic motion described by the equation 2
Attempt Questions 11–16 ‫ݔ‬ሷ = െ36(‫ ݔ‬+ 8). Find the period and the central point of motion.
Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section

Answer each question on a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.

In Questions 11–16, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations. (b) Given that vectors ܽ = 2݅ + ݆݉ െ 3݇ and ܾ = ݉ଶ ݅ െ ݆ + ݇ are 2
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
perpendicular to each other. Find the values of ݉.
Question 11 (15 marks) Use the Question 11 Writing Booklet.

೔ഏ ఱ೔ഏ
(a) The complex numbers ‫ = ݖ‬2݁ ర and ‫ = ݓ‬3݁ ల are given. 2
(c) Consider the statement:
Find the value of ‫ ݓݖ‬ଷ , give the answer in the form ‫ ݁ݎ‬௜ఏ .
‫ א ݔ׊‬Թ, (‫ > ݔ‬1) ֜ (‫ ݔ < ݔ‬ଶ )

(i) Write the contrapositive. 1

ߨ ߨ (ii) Write the negation. 1

(b) Find the quadratic equation with the roots ξ5 cis ቀ ቁ , ξ5 cis ቀെ ቁ. 2
6 6

(c) Find a vector equation of the line through the point ‫(ܣ‬െ4, 3, െ1) and 2 (d) The acceleration, ܽ ms ିଶ , of a particle moving in a straight line given by 3
‫(ܤ‬െ9, 7, 5). ‫ݒ‬
ܽ= , where ‫ ݒ‬is the velocity of the particle in m/s at time ‫ ݐ‬seconds.
log ௘ ‫ݒ‬
The initial velocity of the particle was 5 ms ିଵ . Find the velocity of the
particle in terms of ‫ݐ‬.

(d) Evaluate
ଵ
݁௫
(i) න ݀‫ݔ‬ 2
଴ ݁ ଶ௫+9 ߠ ݀ߠ
(e) Using the substitution ‫ = ݐ‬tan to find න 3
ଶ 2 2 + 2 sin ߠ + 2 cos ߠ
6‫ ݔ‬െ 4
(ii) න ଶ
݀‫ݔ‬ 4
଴ (‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬+ 2)

ହ
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ (f) Use the method of proof by contradiction to prove that the cube root of any 3
(iii) න ඨ ݀‫ݔ‬ 3
଴ 10 + ‫ݔ‬ prime numbers ‫݌‬, where ‫ ݌‬൒ 2, is irrational.

End of Questions 11 End of Questions 12

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BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Section II Question 12 (15 marks) Use the Question 12 Writing Booklet.

90 Marks (a) A particle moves in simple harmonic motion described by the equation 2
Attempt Questions 11–16 ‫ݔ‬ሷ = െ36(‫ ݔ‬+ 8). Find the period and the central point of motion.
Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section

Answer each question on a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.

In Questions 11–16, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations. (b) Given that vectors ܽ = 2݅ + ݆݉ െ 3݇ and ܾ = ݉ଶ ݅ െ ݆ + ݇ are 2
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
perpendicular to each other. Find the values of ݉.
Question 11 (15 marks) Use the Question 11 Writing Booklet.

೔ഏ ఱ೔ഏ
(a) The complex numbers ‫ = ݖ‬2݁ ర and ‫ = ݓ‬3݁ ల are given. 2
(c) Consider the statement:
Find the value of ‫ ݓݖ‬ଷ , give the answer in the form ‫ ݁ݎ‬௜ఏ .
‫ א ݔ׊‬Թ, (‫ > ݔ‬1) ֜ (‫ ݔ < ݔ‬ଶ )

(i) Write the contrapositive. 1

ߨ ߨ (ii) Write the negation. 1

(b) Find the quadratic equation with the roots ξ5 cis ቀ ቁ , ξ5 cis ቀെ ቁ. 2
6 6

(c) Find a vector equation of the line through the point ‫(ܣ‬െ4, 3, െ1) and 2 (d) The acceleration, ܽ ms ିଶ , of a particle moving in a straight line given by 3
‫(ܤ‬െ9, 7, 5). ‫ݒ‬
ܽ= , where ‫ ݒ‬is the velocity of the particle in m/s at time ‫ ݐ‬seconds.
log ௘ ‫ݒ‬
The initial velocity of the particle was 5 ms ିଵ . Find the velocity of the
particle in terms of ‫ݐ‬.

(d) Evaluate
ଵ
݁௫
(i) න ݀‫ݔ‬ 2
଴ ݁ ଶ௫+9 ߠ ݀ߠ
(e) Using the substitution ‫ = ݐ‬tan to find න 3
ଶ 2 2 + 2 sin ߠ + 2 cos ߠ
6‫ ݔ‬െ 4
(ii) න ଶ
݀‫ݔ‬ 4
଴ (‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬+ 2)

ହ
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ (f) Use the method of proof by contradiction to prove that the cube root of any 3
(iii) න ඨ ݀‫ݔ‬ 3
଴ 10 + ‫ݔ‬ prime numbers ‫݌‬, where ‫ ݌‬൒ 2, is irrational.

End of Questions 11 End of Questions 12

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BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Question 13 (15 marks) Use the Question 13 Writing Booklet. Question 14 (15 marks) Use the Question 14 Writing Booklet.

(a) Solve the equation ‫ ݔ‬ସ െ 2‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 14‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 78‫ ݔ‬+ 225 = 0 over the complex 4 ‫ݔ‬+8
(a) Find the primitive function of ݂(‫= )ݔ‬ . 3
field given that it has a rational zero of multiplicity 2. ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ

(b) The speed ‫ ݒ‬cm/sec of a particle moving with simple harmonic motion in a (b) Prove that the sum of the squares of 3 consecutive positive integers is 2
straight line is given by ‫ ݒ‬ଶ = 176‫ ݔ‬െ 936 െ 8‫ ݔ‬ଶ , where ‫ ݔ‬cm is the always 1 less than a multiple of 3.
magnitude of the displacement from a fixed point ܱ.

݀ଶ ‫ݔ‬
(i) Show that = െ8(‫ ݔ‬െ 11). 1
݀‫ ݐ‬ଶ
ଶ
log ௘ ‫ݔ‬
(ii) Find the amplitude of the motion. 2 (c) Evaluate න ݀‫ ݔ‬. 4
ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଷ

௔ ௔
(c) (i) Prove න ݂(‫ = ݔ݀)ݔ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫ݔ݀)ݔ‬ 1 (d) (i) Let ‫ ݔ‬and ‫ ݕ‬be real numbers such that ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0 and ‫ ݕ‬൒ 0. 1
଴ ଴
‫ݔ‬+‫ݕ‬
గ Prove that ൒ ඥ‫ݕݔ‬.
ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ߨ 2
(ii) Hence, show that න ݀‫= ݔ‬ 3
଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 4 (ii) Suppose that ܽ, ܾ, ܿ are real numbers. 2

Prove that ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ .

(iii) Show that ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܾ ସ ܽଶ ܿ ଶ + ܿ ସ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ . 2

(d) The straight lines ݈ଵ and ݈ଶ have the following vector equations
(iv) Deduce that if ܽଶ + ܾ ଶ + ܿ ଶ = ݀ଶ , then ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ ݀ଶ . 1
‫ݎ‬ଵ = 4݅ + 3݆ + ݇ + ߣ ൬݅ + 4݆ + 3݇൰
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

‫ݎ‬ଶ = 8݅ + 8݆ + 13݇ + ߤ ൬2݅ െ 3݆ + 6݇൰

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

where ߣ and ߤ are scalar parameters.

(i) Show that ݈ଵ and ݈ଶ intersect at some point ܲ and find its 2
coordinates.
(ii) Calculate the acute angle between ݈ଵ and ݈ଶ . 2

End of Questions 13
End of Questions 14

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BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Question 13 (15 marks) Use the Question 13 Writing Booklet. Question 14 (15 marks) Use the Question 14 Writing Booklet.

(a) Solve the equation ‫ ݔ‬ସ െ 2‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 14‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 78‫ ݔ‬+ 225 = 0 over the complex 4 ‫ݔ‬+8
(a) Find the primitive function of ݂(‫= )ݔ‬ . 3
field given that it has a rational zero of multiplicity 2. ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ

(b) The speed ‫ ݒ‬cm/sec of a particle moving with simple harmonic motion in a (b) Prove that the sum of the squares of 3 consecutive positive integers is 2
straight line is given by ‫ ݒ‬ଶ = 176‫ ݔ‬െ 936 െ 8‫ ݔ‬ଶ , where ‫ ݔ‬cm is the always 1 less than a multiple of 3.
magnitude of the displacement from a fixed point ܱ.

݀ଶ ‫ݔ‬
(i) Show that = െ8(‫ ݔ‬െ 11). 1
݀‫ ݐ‬ଶ
ଶ
log ௘ ‫ݔ‬
(ii) Find the amplitude of the motion. 2 (c) Evaluate න ݀‫ ݔ‬. 4
ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଷ

௔ ௔
(c) (i) Prove න ݂(‫ = ݔ݀)ݔ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫ݔ݀)ݔ‬ 1 (d) (i) Let ‫ ݔ‬and ‫ ݕ‬be real numbers such that ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0 and ‫ ݕ‬൒ 0. 1
଴ ଴
‫ݔ‬+‫ݕ‬
గ Prove that ൒ ඥ‫ݕݔ‬.
ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ߨ 2
(ii) Hence, show that න ݀‫= ݔ‬ 3
଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 4 (ii) Suppose that ܽ, ܾ, ܿ are real numbers. 2

Prove that ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ .

(iii) Show that ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܾ ସ ܽଶ ܿ ଶ + ܿ ସ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ . 2

(d) The straight lines ݈ଵ and ݈ଶ have the following vector equations
(iv) Deduce that if ܽଶ + ܾ ଶ + ܿ ଶ = ݀ଶ , then ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ ݀ଶ . 1
‫ݎ‬ଵ = 4݅ + 3݆ + ݇ + ߣ ൬݅ + 4݆ + 3݇൰
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

‫ݎ‬ଶ = 8݅ + 8݆ + 13݇ + ߤ ൬2݅ െ 3݆ + 6݇൰

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

where ߣ and ߤ are scalar parameters.

(i) Show that ݈ଵ and ݈ଶ intersect at some point ܲ and find its 2
coordinates.
(ii) Calculate the acute angle between ݈ଵ and ݈ଶ . 2

End of Questions 13
End of Questions 14

-9- -10-
BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Question 15 (15 marks) Use the Question 15 Writing Booklet. Question 16 (15 marks) Use the Question 16 Writing Booklet.

(a) A particle moves in a straight line. The displacement function ‫ ݔ‬metres in 4

(a) Given that ܲ(‫ ଺ ݔ = )ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1.
terms of velocity ‫ ݒ‬m/s is given by ‫ = ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬െ 3 ln(‫ ݒ‬+ 2). Find the time ‫ݐ‬
seconds of the particle as a function of its velocity ‫ݒ‬, if the particle is
initially moving at 1 m/s. (i) Show that the roots of ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬0 are amongst the roots of 1
‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0.

(ii) Show that 4

2ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ
(b) (i) Using integration by parts to show that: 2 ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2‫ ݔ‬cos + 1൰ ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2‫ ݔ‬cos + 1൰ ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2‫ ݔ‬cos + 1൰
9 9 9
ଵ ଵ
݊
න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫= ݔ‬ න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬ 2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 2ߨ 8ߨ
଴ 1001 ଴ (iii) Evaluate cos cos + cos cos + cos cos 2
9 9 9 9 9 9
ଵ
(ii) If ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ ݔ‬, use part (i) to show that 2
଴
݊
‫ܫ‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬
1001 + ݊ ௡ିଵ
(b) If a function ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is continuous for ܽ ൑ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ܾ and
݊! 1000!
(iii) Hence show that ‫ܫ‬௡ = 2 ௕ ௕
(1001 + ݊)! Show that ቤන ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න |݂(‫ݔ݀|)ݔ‬
(i) 1
௔ ௔

గ
3ଷగ െ 1
(ii) Hence prove that ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ 3
଴ 3 ln 3
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬ ௡ାଵ
(c) Consider the function ݂(‫= )ݔ‬ , ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0 where ݊ ൒ 1 is a
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡

fixed positive integer.

(c) Given that ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ > ξ‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ , use the method of mathematical induction to 4
(i) Show that for ‫ > ݔ‬0, ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is an increasing function. 2
show that for all positive integers ݊ ൒ 2, if ‫ݔ‬௝ > 1, ݆ = 1, 2, 3, … , ݊, then
‫ ݔ‬௡ାଵ ‫ ݔ‬௡
(ii) Hence show that ቀ1 + ቁ > ቀ1 + ቁ . 2
݊+1 ݊ 1
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௡ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௡ )
2௡ିଵ
(iii) Deduce that (݊ + 2)௡ାଵ ݊௡ > (݊ + 1)ଶ௡ାଵ . 1

End of Questions 15
End of Paper

-11- -12-
BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination

Question 15 (15 marks) Use the Question 15 Writing Booklet. Question 16 (15 marks) Use the Question 16 Writing Booklet.

(a) A particle moves in a straight line. The displacement function ‫ ݔ‬metres in 4

(a) Given that ܲ(‫ ଺ ݔ = )ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1.
terms of velocity ‫ ݒ‬m/s is given by ‫ = ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬െ 3 ln(‫ ݒ‬+ 2). Find the time ‫ݐ‬
seconds of the particle as a function of its velocity ‫ݒ‬, if the particle is
initially moving at 1 m/s. (i) Show that the roots of ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬0 are amongst the roots of 1
‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0.

(ii) Show that 4

2ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ
(b) (i) Using integration by parts to show that: 2 ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2‫ ݔ‬cos + 1൰ ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2‫ ݔ‬cos + 1൰ ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2‫ ݔ‬cos + 1൰
9 9 9
ଵ ଵ
݊
න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫= ݔ‬ න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬ 2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 2ߨ 8ߨ
଴ 1001 ଴ (iii) Evaluate cos cos + cos cos + cos cos 2
9 9 9 9 9 9
ଵ
(ii) If ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ ݔ‬, use part (i) to show that 2
଴
݊
‫ܫ‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬
1001 + ݊ ௡ିଵ
(b) If a function ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is continuous for ܽ ൑ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ܾ and
݊! 1000!
(iii) Hence show that ‫ܫ‬௡ = 2 ௕ ௕
(1001 + ݊)! Show that ቤන ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න |݂(‫ݔ݀|)ݔ‬
(i) 1
௔ ௔

గ
3ଷగ െ 1
(ii) Hence prove that ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ 3
଴ 3 ln 3
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬ ௡ାଵ
(c) Consider the function ݂(‫= )ݔ‬ , ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0 where ݊ ൒ 1 is a
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡

fixed positive integer.

(c) Given that ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ > ξ‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ , use the method of mathematical induction to 4
(i) Show that for ‫ > ݔ‬0, ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is an increasing function. 2
show that for all positive integers ݊ ൒ 2, if ‫ݔ‬௝ > 1, ݆ = 1, 2, 3, … , ݊, then
‫ ݔ‬௡ାଵ ‫ ݔ‬௡
(ii) Hence show that ቀ1 + ቁ > ቀ1 + ቁ . 2
݊+1 ݊ 1
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௡ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௡ )
2௡ିଵ
(iii) Deduce that (݊ + 2)௡ାଵ ݊௡ > (݊ + 1)ଶ௡ାଵ . 1

End of Questions 15
End of Paper

-11- -12-
BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination 2024 Mathematics Extension 2 AT4 Trial Solutions
Section 1
Q1 C 1 Mark
ܺ ฺ ܻ, the converse is ܻ ฺ ܺ
Student Name:_________________________________________________
Q2 B 1 Mark
2 1
൭െ3൱ ή ൭0൱ = 2
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet 1 0
2
cos ߠ =
Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval ඥ2ଶ + (െ3)ଶ + 1ଶ × ξ1ଶ
completely. ߠ = 57.7°
Sample:
Q3 B 1 Mark
‫ = ܫ‬න 2 tanଷ ‫ ݔ‬sec ଶ ‫ݔ݀ ݔ‬
If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in Let ‫ = ݑ‬tan ‫ݔ‬
the new answer. ݀‫ = ݑ‬sec ଶ ‫ݔ݀ ݔ‬
‫ = ܫ‬න 2‫ݑ‬ଷ ݀‫ݑ‬
2‫ݑ‬ସ
‫=ܫ‬ +‫ܥ‬
If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, 4
tanସ ‫ݔ‬
then indicate the correct answer by writing the word ‘correct’ and drawing an arrow as ‫=ܫ‬ +‫ܥ‬
follows. 2

Q4 A 1 Mark
Since ‫ = )ܾ(݉ܫ‬0, then ܾ is a real root.
Roots appears in conjugate pair for real polynomials.
If ܽ is a root, then ܿ must be its conjugate pair.
ܽ = ‫ ݔ‬+ ݅‫ݕ‬, then ܿ = ‫ ݔ‬െ ݅‫ݕ‬
|ܽ| = |ܿ|

Q5 D 1 Mark
‫ߨ ݐ‬
‫ = ݔ‬5 cos ൬ + ൰
2 3
5 ‫ߨ ݐ‬
‫ = ݒ‬െ sin ൬ + ൰
2 2 3
Particle at rest when ‫ = ݒ‬0
‫ߨ ݐ‬
sin ൬ + ൰ = 0
2 3
‫ߨ ݐ‬
+ = 0, ߨ, ….
2 3
‫ݐ‬ ߨ 2ߨ
= െ , ,…
2 3 3
2ߨ 4ߨ
‫ = ݐ‬െ , ,…
3 3

Q6 C 1 Mark
‫ = ݒ‬ඥ5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10
1 ଶ 1
‫( = ݒ‬5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ )
2 2
݀ 1 ଶ 1
ܽ= ൬ ‫ ݒ‬൰ = (5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )
݀‫ ݔ‬2 2
‫ܽ݉ = ܨ‬
1
‫ = ܨ‬14 × (5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )
2
‫ = ܨ‬7(5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )

-13-
BBHS 2024 HSC Mathematics Extension 2 Trial Examination 2024 Mathematics Extension 2 AT4 Trial Solutions
Section 1
Q1 C 1 Mark
ܺ ฺ ܻ, the converse is ܻ ฺ ܺ
Student Name:_________________________________________________
Q2 B 1 Mark
2 1
൭െ3൱ ή ൭0൱ = 2
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet 1 0
2
cos ߠ =
Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval ඥ2ଶ + (െ3)ଶ + 1ଶ × ξ1ଶ
completely. ߠ = 57.7°
Sample:
Q3 B 1 Mark
‫ = ܫ‬න 2 tanଷ ‫ ݔ‬sec ଶ ‫ݔ݀ ݔ‬
If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in Let ‫ = ݑ‬tan ‫ݔ‬
the new answer. ݀‫ = ݑ‬sec ଶ ‫ݔ݀ ݔ‬
‫ = ܫ‬න 2‫ݑ‬ଷ ݀‫ݑ‬
2‫ݑ‬ସ
‫=ܫ‬ +‫ܥ‬
If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, 4
tanସ ‫ݔ‬
then indicate the correct answer by writing the word ‘correct’ and drawing an arrow as ‫=ܫ‬ +‫ܥ‬
follows. 2

Q4 A 1 Mark
Since ‫ = )ܾ(݉ܫ‬0, then ܾ is a real root.
Roots appears in conjugate pair for real polynomials.
If ܽ is a root, then ܿ must be its conjugate pair.
ܽ = ‫ ݔ‬+ ݅‫ݕ‬, then ܿ = ‫ ݔ‬െ ݅‫ݕ‬
|ܽ| = |ܿ|

Q5 D 1 Mark
‫ߨ ݐ‬
‫ = ݔ‬5 cos ൬ + ൰
2 3
5 ‫ߨ ݐ‬
‫ = ݒ‬െ sin ൬ + ൰
2 2 3
Particle at rest when ‫ = ݒ‬0
‫ߨ ݐ‬
sin ൬ + ൰ = 0
2 3
‫ߨ ݐ‬
+ = 0, ߨ, ….
2 3
‫ݐ‬ ߨ 2ߨ
= െ , ,…
2 3 3
2ߨ 4ߨ
‫ = ݐ‬െ , ,…
3 3

Q6 C 1 Mark
‫ = ݒ‬ඥ5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 10
1 ଶ 1
‫( = ݒ‬5‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ )
2 2
݀ 1 ଶ 1
ܽ= ൬ ‫ ݒ‬൰ = (5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )
݀‫ ݔ‬2 2
‫ܽ݉ = ܨ‬
1
‫ = ܨ‬14 × (5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )
2
‫ = ܨ‬7(5 െ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ )

-13-
Q7 D 1 Mark Section 2
௔
݀‫ݔ‬ Q11a ‫ ݓݖ‬ଷ 2 Marks
න ହ௜గ ଷ
ିଷ ξ7 െ 6‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ௜గ Correct
௔
݀‫ݔ‬ = 2݁ ସ × ൬3݁ ଺ ൰
=න ௜గ ହ௜గ 1 Mark
ିଷ ඥ16 െ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 6‫ ݔ‬+ 9) = 2݁ ସ × 27݁ ଶ ఱ೔ഏ
௔
݀‫ݔ‬ ଵଵ௜గ Finds ‫ ݓ‬ଷ = 27݁ మ
=න = 54݁ ସ
(‫ ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ
ିଷ ඥ16 െ ଷ௜గ
‫ݔ‬+3 ௔ = 54݁ ସ
ିଵ
= ൤sin ൬ ൰൨
4 ିଷ
ܽ + 3 െ3 + 3 Q11b Sum of roots 2 Marks
= sinିଵ ൬ ൰ െ sinିଵ ൬ ൰ ߨ ߨ ߨ ξ3 Correct solution
4 4 ξ5 cis ቀ ቁ + ξ5 cis ቀെ ቁ = 2ξ5 cos ቀ ቁ = 2ξ5 × = ξ15
ܽ + 3 6 6 6 2
= sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 1 Mark
4
Product of roots Determine the sum
Q8 B 1 Mark ߨ ߨ or product of roots
ξ5 cis ቀ ቁ ή ξ5 cis ቀെ ቁ = 5
1 ߨ ߨ 6 6
Arg ൬ ൰ = Arg(1) െ Arg(1 + ݅) = 0 െ = െ
1+݅ 4 4
1 ߨ 2ߨ ‫ ݔ ׵‬ଶ െ ξ15‫ ݔ‬+ 5 = 0
Arg ൬ ଶ
൰ = Arg(1) െ Arg(1 + ݅)ଶ = 0 െ 2 × = െ
(1 + ݅) 4 4
… Q11c െ9 െ4 െ5 2 Marks
1 ߨ 20ߨ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ൭ 7 ൱ െ ൭ 3 ൱ = ൭ 4 ൱
‫ܤܣ‬ Correct solution
Arg ൬ ൰ = Arg(1) െ Arg(1 + ݅)ଶ଴ = 0 െ 20 × = െ 5 െ1 6
(1 + ݅)ଶ଴ 4 4
1 1 1 1 1 Mark
Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + ‫ ڮ‬+ Arg ൬ ൰ െ4 െ5
1+݅ (1 + ݅)ଶ (1 + ݅)ଷ (1 + ݅)ଶ଴ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
Find ‫ܤܣ‬
‫ = ݎ ׵‬൭ 3 ൱+ ߣ൭ 4 ൱,ߣ ‫ א‬Թ
ߨ 2ߨ 3ߨ 20ߨ ~
=െ െ െ െ ‫ڮ‬െ െ1 6
4 4 4 4
ߨ ଵ
= െ (1 + 2 + 3 + ‫ ڮ‬+ 20) Q11di ݁௫ 2 Marks
4 න ݀‫ݔ‬
ߨ 20 ݁ ଶ௫
+9 Correct solution
଴
= െ ቆ (1 + 20)ቇ 1 ݁௫ ଵ
4 2
= ൤ tanିଵ ൨ 1 Mark
105ߨ 3 3 ଴
=െ Correct anti-
2 1 ݁ଵ 1 ݁଴
Since argument is between െߨ to ߨ = tanିଵ െ tanିଵ derivative
3 3 3 3
ߨ 1 ݁ 1
‫׵‬െ = ൬tanିଵ െ tanିଵ ൰
2 3 3 3
Q9 A 1 Mark Q11dii 6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 ‫ܣ‬ ‫ ݔܤ‬+ ‫ܥ‬ 4 Marks
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ܣܤ‬ ܱ‫ ܣ‬െ ܱ‫ܤ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = +
(‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2) ‫ ݔ‬+ 1 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2 Correct solution
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
‫ܣܤ‬
1
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
1 ‫(ܣ‬3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2) + (‫ ݔܤ‬+ ‫ ݔ()ܥ‬+ 1) = 6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 3 Marks
‫ܣܯ‬ ‫ݖ( = ܣܤ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ )
2 2 Makes significant
‫ ݖ‬െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ܣܯ݅ = ܳܯ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ݅ ቀ ଵ ቁ Let ‫ = ݔ‬െ1 progress
2 5‫ = ܣ‬െ10
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܳ = ܱ‫ ܤ‬+ ‫ ܯܤ‬+ ‫ܳܯ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ = ܣ‬െ2 2 Marks
1 ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܳ = ‫ݖ‬ଶ + (‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ ) + ݅ ቀ ቁ Correct partial
2 2 Let ‫ = ݔ‬0 fraction
2‫ݖ‬ଶ + ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܳ = + ݅ቀ ቁ 2‫ ܣ‬+ ‫ = ܥ‬െ4
2 2 ‫=ܥ‬0
‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ 1 Mark
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ =
ܱܳ + ݅ቀ ቁ Correct ‫ܣ‬, ‫ ܤ‬or ‫ܥ‬
2 2
Let ‫ = ݔ‬1
Q10 D 1 Mark 5‫ ܣ‬+ 2(‫ ܤ‬+ ‫ = )ܥ‬2
Option A is even, Option B is even, Option C is even. Only Option D is odd. െ10 + 2‫ = ܤ‬2
‫=ܤ‬6

6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 െ2 6‫ݔ‬
= +
(‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2) ‫ ݔ‬+ 1 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2
Q7 D 1 Mark Section 2
௔
݀‫ݔ‬ Q11a ‫ ݓݖ‬ଷ 2 Marks
න ହ௜గ ଷ
ିଷ ξ7 െ 6‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ௜గ Correct
௔
݀‫ݔ‬ = 2݁ ସ × ൬3݁ ଺ ൰
=න ௜గ ହ௜గ 1 Mark
ିଷ ඥ16 െ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 6‫ ݔ‬+ 9) = 2݁ ସ × 27݁ ଶ ఱ೔ഏ
௔
݀‫ݔ‬ ଵଵ௜గ Finds ‫ ݓ‬ଷ = 27݁ మ
=න = 54݁ ସ
(‫ ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ
ିଷ ඥ16 െ ଷ௜గ
‫ݔ‬+3 ௔ = 54݁ ସ
ିଵ
= ൤sin ൬ ൰൨
4 ିଷ
ܽ + 3 െ3 + 3 Q11b Sum of roots 2 Marks
= sinିଵ ൬ ൰ െ sinିଵ ൬ ൰ ߨ ߨ ߨ ξ3 Correct solution
4 4 ξ5 cis ቀ ቁ + ξ5 cis ቀെ ቁ = 2ξ5 cos ቀ ቁ = 2ξ5 × = ξ15
ܽ + 3 6 6 6 2
= sinିଵ ൬ ൰ 1 Mark
4
Product of roots Determine the sum
Q8 B 1 Mark ߨ ߨ or product of roots
ξ5 cis ቀ ቁ ή ξ5 cis ቀെ ቁ = 5
1 ߨ ߨ 6 6
Arg ൬ ൰ = Arg(1) െ Arg(1 + ݅) = 0 െ = െ
1+݅ 4 4
1 ߨ 2ߨ ‫ ݔ ׵‬ଶ െ ξ15‫ ݔ‬+ 5 = 0
Arg ൬ ଶ
൰ = Arg(1) െ Arg(1 + ݅)ଶ = 0 െ 2 × = െ
(1 + ݅) 4 4
… Q11c െ9 െ4 െ5 2 Marks
1 ߨ 20ߨ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ൭ 7 ൱ െ ൭ 3 ൱ = ൭ 4 ൱
‫ܤܣ‬ Correct solution
Arg ൬ ൰ = Arg(1) െ Arg(1 + ݅)ଶ଴ = 0 െ 20 × = െ 5 െ1 6
(1 + ݅)ଶ଴ 4 4
1 1 1 1 1 Mark
Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + Arg ൬ ൰ + ‫ ڮ‬+ Arg ൬ ൰ െ4 െ5
1+݅ (1 + ݅)ଶ (1 + ݅)ଷ (1 + ݅)ଶ଴ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
Find ‫ܤܣ‬
‫ = ݎ ׵‬൭ 3 ൱+ ߣ൭ 4 ൱,ߣ ‫ א‬Թ
ߨ 2ߨ 3ߨ 20ߨ ~
=െ െ െ െ ‫ڮ‬െ െ1 6
4 4 4 4
ߨ ଵ
= െ (1 + 2 + 3 + ‫ ڮ‬+ 20) Q11di ݁௫ 2 Marks
4 න ݀‫ݔ‬
ߨ 20 ݁ ଶ௫
+9 Correct solution
଴
= െ ቆ (1 + 20)ቇ 1 ݁௫ ଵ
4 2
= ൤ tanିଵ ൨ 1 Mark
105ߨ 3 3 ଴
=െ Correct anti-
2 1 ݁ଵ 1 ݁଴
Since argument is between െߨ to ߨ = tanିଵ െ tanିଵ derivative
3 3 3 3
ߨ 1 ݁ 1
‫׵‬െ = ൬tanିଵ െ tanିଵ ൰
2 3 3 3
Q9 A 1 Mark Q11dii 6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 ‫ܣ‬ ‫ ݔܤ‬+ ‫ܥ‬ 4 Marks
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ܣܤ‬ ܱ‫ ܣ‬െ ܱ‫ܤ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = +
(‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2) ‫ ݔ‬+ 1 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2 Correct solution
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
‫ܣܤ‬
1
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
1 ‫(ܣ‬3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2) + (‫ ݔܤ‬+ ‫ ݔ()ܥ‬+ 1) = 6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 3 Marks
‫ܣܯ‬ ‫ݖ( = ܣܤ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ )
2 2 Makes significant
‫ ݖ‬െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ܣܯ݅ = ܳܯ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ = ݅ ቀ ଵ ቁ Let ‫ = ݔ‬െ1 progress
2 5‫ = ܣ‬െ10
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܳ = ܱ‫ ܤ‬+ ‫ ܯܤ‬+ ‫ܳܯ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ = ܣ‬െ2 2 Marks
1 ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܳ = ‫ݖ‬ଶ + (‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ ) + ݅ ቀ ቁ Correct partial
2 2 Let ‫ = ݔ‬0 fraction
2‫ݖ‬ଶ + ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܳ = + ݅ቀ ቁ 2‫ ܣ‬+ ‫ = ܥ‬െ4
2 2 ‫=ܥ‬0
‫ݖ‬ଵ + ‫ݖ‬ଶ ‫ݖ‬ଵ െ ‫ݖ‬ଶ 1 Mark
ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ =
ܱܳ + ݅ቀ ቁ Correct ‫ܣ‬, ‫ ܤ‬or ‫ܥ‬
2 2
Let ‫ = ݔ‬1
Q10 D 1 Mark 5‫ ܣ‬+ 2(‫ ܤ‬+ ‫ = )ܥ‬2
Option A is even, Option B is even, Option C is even. Only Option D is odd. െ10 + 2‫ = ܤ‬2
‫=ܤ‬6

6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 െ2 6‫ݔ‬
= +
(‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2) ‫ ݔ‬+ 1 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2
 ଶ
6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 Q12ci ‫ א ݔ׊‬Թ, (‫ ݔ‬൒ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ) ֜ (‫ ݔ‬൑ 1) 1 Mark
න ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଴ (‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2)

ଶ
6‫ݔ‬ 2 Q12cii ‫ א ݔ׌‬Թ such that (‫ > ݔ‬1) and (‫ ݔ‬൒ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ) 1 Mark
=න ൬ െ ൰ ݀‫ݔ‬ ‫ א ݔ׌‬Թ, (‫ > ݔ‬1) ‫ ݔ( ת‬൒ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ) Correct solution
଴ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2 ‫ ݔ‬+ 1
Q12d ݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬ 3 Marks
= [log ௘ |3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2| െ 2 log ௘ |‫ ݔ‬+ 1|]ଶ଴ =
݀‫ ݐ‬log ௘ ‫ݒ‬ Correct solution
= [log ௘ |3 × 2ଶ + 2| െ 2 log ௘ |2 + 1|] െ [log ௘ |3 × 0ଶ + 2| െ 2 log ௘ |0 + 1|]
log ௘ ‫ݒ‬ 2 Marks
න ݀‫ = ݒ‬න ݀‫ݐ‬
= log ௘ 14 െ 2 log ௘ 3 െ log ௘ 2 ‫ݒ‬ Correct anti-
derivative
7 (log ௘ ‫)ݒ‬ଶ
= log ௘ =‫ݐ‬+‫ܥ‬ 1 Mark
9 2
Identifies
‫ = ݐ‬0, ‫ = ݒ‬5 log ௘ ‫ݒ‬
Q11diii ହ 3 Marks න ݀‫ = ݒ‬න ݀‫ݐ‬
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ (log ௘ 5)ଶ ‫ݒ‬
න ඨ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution =0+‫ܥ‬
଴ 10 + ‫ݔ‬ 2
2 Marks (log ௘ 5)ଶ
‫=ܥ‬
ହ Correct anti- 2
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ 10 െ ‫ݔ‬
=න ඨ ×ඨ ݀‫ݔ‬ derivative
଴ 10 + ‫ݔ‬ 10 െ ‫ݔ‬ (log ௘ ‫)ݒ‬ଶ (log ௘ 5)ଶ
=‫ݐ‬+
1 Mark 2 2
ହ
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ Correct integration
=න ݀‫ݔ‬ log ௘ ‫ = ݒ‬±ඥ2‫ ݐ‬+ (log ௘ 5)ଶ
଴ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ for either
10
ହ మ
10 ‫ݔ‬ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ‫ ݁ = ݒ‬±ඥଶ௧ା(୪୭୥೐ ହ)
=න ൬ െ ൰ ݀‫ݔ‬ or
଴ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ‫ݔ‬ మ
‫ ݁ = ݒ ׵‬ඥଶ௧ା(୪୭୥೐ ହ) as ‫ = ݐ‬0, ‫ = ݒ‬5
‫ݔ‬ ହ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ
= ቂ10 sinିଵ + ඥ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ቃ
10 ଴ Q12e ݀ߠ 3 Marks
න
2 + 2 sin ߠ + 2 cos ߠ Correct solution
5
= ൬10 sinିଵ + ඥ100 െ 5ଶ ൰ െ ቀ10 sinିଵ 0 + ඥ100 െ 0ଶ ቁ 1 1 2݀‫ݐ‬
10 2 Marks
= න ×
2 2‫ݐ‬ 1 െ ‫ݐ‬ଶ 1 + ‫ݐ‬ଶ Correct anti-
ߨ ൬1 + + ൰
= ቀ10 × + ξ75ቁ െ (0 + 10) 1 + ‫ݐ‬ଶ 1 + ‫ݐ‬ଶ derivative
6
1 2݀‫ݐ‬ 1 Mark
5ߨ = න
= + 5ξ3 െ 10 2 (1 + ‫ ݐ‬ଶ + 2‫ ݐ‬+ 1 െ ‫ ݐ‬ଶ ) Correct
3 substitution of half
1 2݀‫ݐ‬ angle formula
= න
2 2 + 2‫ݐ‬
Q12a ‫ݔ‬ሷ = െ36(‫ ݔ‬+ 8) 2 Marks
‫ݔ‬ሷ = െ6ଶ (‫ ݔ‬+ 8) Correct solution 1 ݀‫ݐ‬
݊ = 6, ܿ = െ8 = න
2 1+‫ݐ‬
1 Mark
2ߨ ߨ Correct period or
ܶ= = 1
6 3 centre = log ௘ |1 + ‫ |ݐ‬+ ‫ܥ‬
2
Q12b ൬2݅ + ݆݉ െ 3݇ ൰ ή ൬݉ଶ ݅ െ ݆ + ݇ ൰ = 0 2 Marks 1 ߠ
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Correct solution = log ௘ ฬ1 + tan ฬ + ‫ܥ‬
2 2
2݉ଶ െ ݉ െ 3 = 0 1 Mark Or
(2݉ െ 3)(݉ + 1) = 0 Finds
3 2݉ଶ െ ݉ െ 3 = 0 ߠ
݉ = , ݉ = െ1 = log ௘ ඨ1 + tan + ‫ܥ‬
2 2
 ଶ
6‫ ݔ‬െ 4 Q12ci ‫ א ݔ׊‬Թ, (‫ ݔ‬൒ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ) ֜ (‫ ݔ‬൑ 1) 1 Mark
න ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଴ (‫ ݔ‬+ 1)(3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2)

ଶ
6‫ݔ‬ 2 Q12cii ‫ א ݔ׌‬Թ such that (‫ > ݔ‬1) and (‫ ݔ‬൒ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ) 1 Mark
=න ൬ െ ൰ ݀‫ݔ‬ ‫ א ݔ׌‬Թ, (‫ > ݔ‬1) ‫ ݔ( ת‬൒ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ) Correct solution
଴ 3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2 ‫ ݔ‬+ 1
Q12d ݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬ 3 Marks
= [log ௘ |3‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 2| െ 2 log ௘ |‫ ݔ‬+ 1|]ଶ଴ =
݀‫ ݐ‬log ௘ ‫ݒ‬ Correct solution
= [log ௘ |3 × 2ଶ + 2| െ 2 log ௘ |2 + 1|] െ [log ௘ |3 × 0ଶ + 2| െ 2 log ௘ |0 + 1|]
log ௘ ‫ݒ‬ 2 Marks
න ݀‫ = ݒ‬න ݀‫ݐ‬
= log ௘ 14 െ 2 log ௘ 3 െ log ௘ 2 ‫ݒ‬ Correct anti-
derivative
7 (log ௘ ‫)ݒ‬ଶ
= log ௘ =‫ݐ‬+‫ܥ‬ 1 Mark
9 2
Identifies
‫ = ݐ‬0, ‫ = ݒ‬5 log ௘ ‫ݒ‬
Q11diii ହ 3 Marks න ݀‫ = ݒ‬න ݀‫ݐ‬
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ (log ௘ 5)ଶ ‫ݒ‬
න ඨ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution =0+‫ܥ‬
଴ 10 + ‫ݔ‬ 2
2 Marks (log ௘ 5)ଶ
‫=ܥ‬
ହ Correct anti- 2
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ 10 െ ‫ݔ‬
=න ඨ ×ඨ ݀‫ݔ‬ derivative
଴ 10 + ‫ݔ‬ 10 െ ‫ݔ‬ (log ௘ ‫)ݒ‬ଶ (log ௘ 5)ଶ
=‫ݐ‬+
1 Mark 2 2
ହ
10 െ ‫ݔ‬ Correct integration
=න ݀‫ݔ‬ log ௘ ‫ = ݒ‬±ඥ2‫ ݐ‬+ (log ௘ 5)ଶ
଴ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ for either
10
ହ మ
10 ‫ݔ‬ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ‫ ݁ = ݒ‬±ඥଶ௧ା(୪୭୥೐ ହ)
=න ൬ െ ൰ ݀‫ݔ‬ or
଴ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ‫ݔ‬ మ
‫ ݁ = ݒ ׵‬ඥଶ௧ା(୪୭୥೐ ହ) as ‫ = ݐ‬0, ‫ = ݒ‬5
‫ݔ‬ ହ ξ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ
= ቂ10 sinିଵ + ඥ100 െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ቃ
10 ଴ Q12e ݀ߠ 3 Marks
න
2 + 2 sin ߠ + 2 cos ߠ Correct solution
5
= ൬10 sinିଵ + ඥ100 െ 5ଶ ൰ െ ቀ10 sinିଵ 0 + ඥ100 െ 0ଶ ቁ 1 1 2݀‫ݐ‬
10 2 Marks
= න ×
2 2‫ݐ‬ 1 െ ‫ݐ‬ଶ 1 + ‫ݐ‬ଶ Correct anti-
ߨ ൬1 + + ൰
= ቀ10 × + ξ75ቁ െ (0 + 10) 1 + ‫ݐ‬ଶ 1 + ‫ݐ‬ଶ derivative
6
1 2݀‫ݐ‬ 1 Mark
5ߨ = න
= + 5ξ3 െ 10 2 (1 + ‫ ݐ‬ଶ + 2‫ ݐ‬+ 1 െ ‫ ݐ‬ଶ ) Correct
3 substitution of half
1 2݀‫ݐ‬ angle formula
= න
2 2 + 2‫ݐ‬
Q12a ‫ݔ‬ሷ = െ36(‫ ݔ‬+ 8) 2 Marks
‫ݔ‬ሷ = െ6ଶ (‫ ݔ‬+ 8) Correct solution 1 ݀‫ݐ‬
݊ = 6, ܿ = െ8 = න
2 1+‫ݐ‬
1 Mark
2ߨ ߨ Correct period or
ܶ= = 1
6 3 centre = log ௘ |1 + ‫ |ݐ‬+ ‫ܥ‬
2
Q12b ൬2݅ + ݆݉ െ 3݇ ൰ ή ൬݉ଶ ݅ െ ݆ + ݇ ൰ = 0 2 Marks 1 ߠ
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Correct solution = log ௘ ฬ1 + tan ฬ + ‫ܥ‬
2 2
2݉ଶ െ ݉ െ 3 = 0 1 Mark Or
(2݉ െ 3)(݉ + 1) = 0 Finds
3 2݉ଶ െ ݉ െ 3 = 0 ߠ
݉ = , ݉ = െ1 = log ௘ ඨ1 + tan + ‫ܥ‬
2 2
Q12f Prove by contradiction: Assume యඥ‫ ݌‬is rational 3 Marks Q13bii 176‫ ݔ‬െ 936 െ 8‫ ݔ‬ଶ = 0 2 Marks
య
݉ Correct solution ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 22‫ ݔ‬െ 117 = 0 Correct solution
ඥ‫= ݌‬ (‫ ݔ‬െ 9)(‫ ݔ‬െ 13) = 0
݊
Where ݉ and ݊ are positive integers, ݊ ് 0, and ݉ and ݊ have no common 2 Marks ‫ = ݔ‬9, 13 1 Mark
factors. Makes significant ‫ ׵‬amplitude is 2 Obtains ‫ = ݔ‬9, 13
݉ଷ progress
‫ =݌‬ଷ Q13ci ௔
1 Mark
݊
݊ଷ ‫݉ = ݌‬ଷ ‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(‫ݔ݀)ݔ‬
1 Mark ଴
Correct solution
This means ݊ଷ ‫ ݌‬is divisible by ݉, but ݊ is not divisible by ݉, so ‫ ݌‬is divisible Establishes Let ‫ ܽ = ݔ‬െ ‫ݑ‬
by ݉. య
݉ ݀‫ = ݔ‬െ݀‫ݑ‬
ඥ‫= ݌‬
݊
If ݉ = 1, ‫ = ݌‬య
ଵ and conditions ‫ܽ = ݔ‬, ‫ = ݑ‬0
௡
This is not possible as ‫ ݌‬൒ 2. ‫ = ݔ‬0, ‫ܽ = ݑ‬

଴
If ݉ ൒ 2, where ‫݉ ് ݌‬ ‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫()ݑ‬െ݀‫)ݑ‬
Since ‫ ݌‬is prime, ‫ ݌‬cannot be divisible by ݉ ௔
௔
‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫ݑ݀)ݑ‬
If ݉ ൒ 2, where ‫݉ = ݌‬ ଴
௔
Then ݊ଷ ݉ = ݉ଷ, and ݊ଷ = ݉ଶ , and this indicates that ݉ and ݊ have
‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫ݔ݀)ݔ‬
common factors, but this is a contradiction. ଴

య గ
‫ ׵‬ඥ‫ ݌‬is irrational. Q13cii ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ 3 Marks
න ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos௠ ‫ݔ‬
Q13a ܲ(‫ ݔ = )ݔ‬ସ െ 2‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 14‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 78‫ ݔ‬+ 225 4 Marks
ܲᇱ (‫ = )ݔ‬4‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 6‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 28‫ ݔ‬+ 78 Correct solution గ ߨ 2 Marks
ܲᇱ (െ3) = 4 × (െ3)ଷ െ 6 × (െ3)ଶ െ 28 × (െ3) + 78 = 0 ଶ sin௠ ቀ െ ‫ݔ‬ቁ Makes significant
=න 2 ݀‫ݔ‬
ܲ(െ3) = (െ3)ସ െ 2 × (െ3)ଷ െ 14 × (െ3)ଶ + 78 × (െ3) + 225 = 0 3 Marks ߨ ߨ progress
଴ sin௠ ቀ െ ‫ݔ‬ቁ + cos ௠ ቀ െ ‫ݔ‬ቁ
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + ܾ‫ ݔ‬+ ܿ) Determines 2 2
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬ଶ + 6‫ ݔ‬+ 9)(ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + ܾ‫ ݔ‬+ ܿ) = ‫ ݔ‬ସ െ 2‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 14‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 78‫ ݔ‬+ 225 (‫ ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ ((‫ ݔ‬െ 4)ଶ గ 1 Mark
െ (3݅)ଶ ) ଶ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬ Obtains
=න ݀‫ݔ‬ ഏ
Match coefficients cos௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ୡ୭ୱ೘ ௫
଴ ‫׬‬଴మ ୡ୭ୱ೘ ௫ାୱ୧୬೘ ௫ ݀‫ݔ‬
ܽ=1
2 Marks
9ܿ = 225 గ గ
Matches ଶ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬
ܿ = 25 coefficients to find න ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬
଴ cos௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬
correct ܽ and ܾ or గ
9ܾ + 6ܿ = 78 ܽ and ܿ ଶ
9ܾ = 78 െ 6 × 25 = න 1݀‫ݔ‬
଴
ܾ = െ8 1 Mark గ
= [‫]ݔ‬଴ଶ
Determines the ߨ
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 8‫ ݔ‬+ 25) double root at = െ0
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 8‫ ݔ‬+ 16 + 9) 2
‫ = ݔ‬െ3 ߨ
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ ((‫ ݔ‬െ 4)ଶ + 9) =
2
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ ((‫ ݔ‬െ 4)ଶ െ (3݅)ଶ )
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬െ 4 െ 3݅)(‫ ݔ‬െ 4 + 3݅) గ గ
ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଶ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬
න ݀‫ = ݔ‬න ݀‫ݔ‬
(‫ ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬െ 4 െ 3݅)(‫ ݔ‬െ 4 + 3݅) = 0 ଴ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ + cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଴ cos ௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬

‫ = ݔ ׵‬െ3, ‫ = ݔ‬4 ± 3݅
గ గ
ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ 1 ଶ
Q13bi ‫ ݒ‬ଶ = 176‫ ݔ‬െ 936 െ 8‫ ݔ‬ଶ 1 Mark න ݀‫ = ݔ‬න 1݀‫ݔ‬
଴ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ + cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 2 ଴
1 ଶ Correct solution
‫ = ݒ‬88‫ ݔ‬െ 468 െ 4‫ ݔ‬ଶ
2 గ
݀ 1 ଶ ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ 1 ߨ
൬ ‫ ݒ‬൰ = 88 െ 8‫ݔ‬ න ݀‫× = ݔ‬
݀‫ ݔ‬2 ଴ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ + cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 2 2
݀ଶ ‫ݔ‬
‫ݔ ׵‬ሷ = ଶ = െ8(‫ ݔ‬െ 11) గ
݀‫ݐ‬ ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ߨ
න ݀‫= ݔ‬
଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 4
Q12f Prove by contradiction: Assume యඥ‫ ݌‬is rational 3 Marks Q13bii 176‫ ݔ‬െ 936 െ 8‫ ݔ‬ଶ = 0 2 Marks
య
݉ Correct solution ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 22‫ ݔ‬െ 117 = 0 Correct solution
ඥ‫= ݌‬ (‫ ݔ‬െ 9)(‫ ݔ‬െ 13) = 0
݊
Where ݉ and ݊ are positive integers, ݊ ് 0, and ݉ and ݊ have no common 2 Marks ‫ = ݔ‬9, 13 1 Mark
factors. Makes significant ‫ ׵‬amplitude is 2 Obtains ‫ = ݔ‬9, 13
݉ଷ progress
‫ =݌‬ଷ Q13ci ௔
1 Mark
݊
݊ଷ ‫݉ = ݌‬ଷ ‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(‫ݔ݀)ݔ‬
1 Mark ଴
Correct solution
This means ݊ଷ ‫ ݌‬is divisible by ݉, but ݊ is not divisible by ݉, so ‫ ݌‬is divisible Establishes Let ‫ ܽ = ݔ‬െ ‫ݑ‬
by ݉. య
݉ ݀‫ = ݔ‬െ݀‫ݑ‬
ඥ‫= ݌‬
݊
If ݉ = 1, ‫ = ݌‬య
ଵ and conditions ‫ܽ = ݔ‬, ‫ = ݑ‬0
௡
This is not possible as ‫ ݌‬൒ 2. ‫ = ݔ‬0, ‫ܽ = ݑ‬

଴
If ݉ ൒ 2, where ‫݉ ് ݌‬ ‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫()ݑ‬െ݀‫)ݑ‬
Since ‫ ݌‬is prime, ‫ ݌‬cannot be divisible by ݉ ௔
௔
‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫ݑ݀)ݑ‬
If ݉ ൒ 2, where ‫݉ = ݌‬ ଴
௔
Then ݊ଷ ݉ = ݉ଷ, and ݊ଷ = ݉ଶ , and this indicates that ݉ and ݊ have
‫ = ܫ‬න ݂(ܽ െ ‫ݔ݀)ݔ‬
common factors, but this is a contradiction. ଴

య గ
‫ ׵‬ඥ‫ ݌‬is irrational. Q13cii ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ 3 Marks
න ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos௠ ‫ݔ‬
Q13a ܲ(‫ ݔ = )ݔ‬ସ െ 2‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 14‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 78‫ ݔ‬+ 225 4 Marks
ܲᇱ (‫ = )ݔ‬4‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 6‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 28‫ ݔ‬+ 78 Correct solution గ ߨ 2 Marks
ܲᇱ (െ3) = 4 × (െ3)ଷ െ 6 × (െ3)ଶ െ 28 × (െ3) + 78 = 0 ଶ sin௠ ቀ െ ‫ݔ‬ቁ Makes significant
=න 2 ݀‫ݔ‬
ܲ(െ3) = (െ3)ସ െ 2 × (െ3)ଷ െ 14 × (െ3)ଶ + 78 × (െ3) + 225 = 0 3 Marks ߨ ߨ progress
଴ sin௠ ቀ െ ‫ݔ‬ቁ + cos ௠ ቀ െ ‫ݔ‬ቁ
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + ܾ‫ ݔ‬+ ܿ) Determines 2 2
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬ଶ + 6‫ ݔ‬+ 9)(ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + ܾ‫ ݔ‬+ ܿ) = ‫ ݔ‬ସ െ 2‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 14‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 78‫ ݔ‬+ 225 (‫ ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ ((‫ ݔ‬െ 4)ଶ గ 1 Mark
െ (3݅)ଶ ) ଶ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬ Obtains
=න ݀‫ݔ‬ ഏ
Match coefficients cos௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ୡ୭ୱ೘ ௫
଴ ‫׬‬଴మ ୡ୭ୱ೘ ௫ାୱ୧୬೘ ௫ ݀‫ݔ‬
ܽ=1
2 Marks
9ܿ = 225 గ గ
Matches ଶ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬
ܿ = 25 coefficients to find න ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬
଴ cos௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬
correct ܽ and ܾ or గ
9ܾ + 6ܿ = 78 ܽ and ܿ ଶ
9ܾ = 78 െ 6 × 25 = න 1݀‫ݔ‬
଴
ܾ = െ8 1 Mark గ
= [‫]ݔ‬଴ଶ
Determines the ߨ
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 8‫ ݔ‬+ 25) double root at = െ0
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 8‫ ݔ‬+ 16 + 9) 2
‫ = ݔ‬െ3 ߨ
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ ((‫ ݔ‬െ 4)ଶ + 9) =
2
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ ((‫ ݔ‬െ 4)ଶ െ (3݅)ଶ )
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬െ 4 െ 3݅)(‫ ݔ‬െ 4 + 3݅) గ గ
ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଶ cos ௠ ‫ݔ‬
න ݀‫ = ݔ‬න ݀‫ݔ‬
(‫ ݔ‬+ 3)ଶ (‫ ݔ‬െ 4 െ 3݅)(‫ ݔ‬െ 4 + 3݅) = 0 ଴ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ + cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ ଴ cos ௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬

‫ = ݔ ׵‬െ3, ‫ = ݔ‬4 ± 3݅
గ గ
ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ 1 ଶ
Q13bi ‫ ݒ‬ଶ = 176‫ ݔ‬െ 936 െ 8‫ ݔ‬ଶ 1 Mark න ݀‫ = ݔ‬න 1݀‫ݔ‬
଴ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ + cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 2 ଴
1 ଶ Correct solution
‫ = ݒ‬88‫ ݔ‬െ 468 െ 4‫ ݔ‬ଶ
2 గ
݀ 1 ଶ ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ 1 ߨ
൬ ‫ ݒ‬൰ = 88 െ 8‫ݔ‬ න ݀‫× = ݔ‬
݀‫ ݔ‬2 ଴ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ + cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 2 2
݀ଶ ‫ݔ‬
‫ݔ ׵‬ሷ = ଶ = െ8(‫ ݔ‬െ 11) గ
݀‫ݐ‬ ଶ sin௠ ‫ݔ‬ ߨ
න ݀‫= ݔ‬
଴ sin௠ ‫ ݔ‬+ cos௠ ‫ݔ‬ 4
Q13di ‫ݎ‬ଵ = 4݅ + 3݆ + ݇ + ߣ ൬ ݅ + 4݆ + 3݇ ൰ 2 Marks Q14b Let the 3 consecutive numbers be ݊, ݊ + 1, ݊ + 2 2 Marks
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Correct solution ݊ଶ + (݊ + 1)ଶ + (݊ + 2)ଶ Correct solution
‫ݎ‬ଶ = 8݅ + 8݆ + 13݇ + ߤ ൬2݅ െ 3݆ + 6݇ ൰ = ݊ଶ + ݊ଶ + 2݊ + 1 + ݊ଶ + 4݊ + 4
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 Mark = 3݊ଶ + 6݊ + 5 1 Mark
Determines the = 3݊ଶ + 6݊ + 6 െ 1 Obtains
4 + ߣ = 8 + 2ߤ (1) correct value of ߣ = 3(݊ଶ + 2݊ + 3) െ 1 3݊ଶ + 6݊ + 5 or
3 + 4ߣ = 8 െ 3ߤ (2) or ߤ equivalence
1 + 3ߣ = 13 + 6ߤ (3) ‫ ׵‬This is one less than a multiple of 3.
(1) × 4 Q14c ଶ 4 Marks
log ௘ ‫ݔ‬
16 + 4ߣ = 32 + 8ߤ (4) ‫=ܫ‬න ݀‫ݔ‬
‫ݔ‬ଷ Correct solution
ଵ
(4) െ (2)
‫ = ݑ‬log ௘ ‫ݔ‬ ‫ݒ‬Ԣ = ‫ି ݔ‬ଷ 3 Marks
13 = 24 + 11ߤ
1 ‫ି ݔ‬ଶ 1 Correct anti-
െ11 = 11ߤ ‫ݑ‬ᇱ = ‫=ݒ‬ =െ ଶ
‫ݔ‬ െ2 2‫ݔ‬ derivative
ߤ = െ1

Sub into (1) log ௘ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ଶ

1 2 Marks
‫ = ܫ‬൤െ ൨ െ න െ ଷ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correctly uses parts
4 + ߣ = 8 + 2 × െ1 2‫ ݔ‬ଶ ଵ ଵ 2‫ݔ‬
ߣ=2
1 Mark
log ௘ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ 1 ଶ ିଷ
Check using (3) ‫ = ܫ‬൤െ ൨ + න ‫ݔ݀ ݔ‬ Correct ‫ݑ‬, ‫ݑ‬ᇱ , ‫ݒ‬, ‫ݒ‬Ԣ
2‫ ݔ‬ଶ ଵ 2 ଵ and attempts to
‫ = ܵܪܮ‬1 + 3 × 2 = 7
ܴ‫ = ܵܪ‬13 + 6 × െ1 = 7 use parts
ଶ
log ௘ 2 log ௘ 1 1 ‫ି ݔ‬ଶ
‫ = ܫ‬൤൬െ ൰ െ ൬െ ൰൨ + ቈ ቉
ܲ = (4 + 2 × 1, 3 + 4 × 2, 1 + 2 × 3) = (6, 11, 7) 2 × 2ଶ 2 × 1ଶ 2 2 ଵ

Q13dii 2 Marks log ௘ 2 1 1 1

൬ ݅ + 4݆ + 3݇ ൰ ή ൬2݅ െ 3݆ + 6݇ ൰ ‫=ܫ‬െ + ൤൬െ ൰ െ ൬െ ൰൨
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Correct solution 8 2 2 × 2ଶ 2 × 1ଶ
cos ߠ =
ξ1ଶ + 4ଶ + 3ଶ × ඥ2ଶ + (െ3)ଶ + 6ଶ
1 Mark log ௘ 2 1 1 1
‫=ܫ‬െ + ൬െ + ൰
1 × 2 + 4 × (െ3) + 3 × 6 Makes significant 8 2 8 2
cos ߠ = progress
ξ26 × ξ49 3 log ௘ 2
‫=ܫ‬ െ
8 16 8
cos ߠ =
7ξ26
Q14di ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0, ‫ ݕ‬൒ 0 1 Mark
ߠ = 77°2ᇱ 53.22ᇱᇱ
Correct solution
ଶ
ߠ = ͹͹ι͵Ԣ (nearest minute) ൫ξ‫ ݔ‬െ ඥ‫ݕ‬൯ ൒ 0
‫ ݔ‬െ 2ඥ‫ ݕݔ‬+ ‫ ݕ‬൒ 0
Q14a ‫ݔ‬+8 3 Marks ‫ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݕ‬൒ 2ඥ‫ݕݔ‬
න ݀‫ݔ‬
ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ Correct solution ‫ݔ‬+‫ݕ‬
൒ ඥ‫ݕݔ‬
2
‫ݔ‬+5 3 2 Marks
=න ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬ Q14dii 1 1 1 2 Marks
ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ Makes significant
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ = (଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ ) + (ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ) + (଼ܽ + ܿ ଼ )
progress 2 2 2 Correct solution
ଵ
െ(2‫ ݔ‬+ 10)(24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ )ିଶ 3 1 ଼
= െන ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬ 1 Mark (ܽ + ܾ ଼ ) ൒ ඥ଼ܽ ܾ ଼ 1 Mark
2 ඥ49 െ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 10‫ ݔ‬+ 25) Correct splitting 2 Makes significant
1 ଼
into two fractions (ܾ + ܿ ଼ ) ൒ ඥܾ ଼ ܿ ଼ progress
ଵ 2
െ(2‫ ݔ‬+ 10)(24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ )ିଶ 3 1 ଼
= െන ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬ (ܽ + ܿ ଼ ) ൒ ඥ଼ܽ ܿ ଼
2 ඥ7ଶ െ (‫ ݔ‬+ 5)ଶ 2

‫ݔ‬+5 ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ξ଼ܽ ܾ ଼ + ξܾ ଼ ܿ ଼ + ξ଼ܽ ܿ ଼

= െඥ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 3 sinିଵ ൬ ൰+‫ܥ‬ ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ
7
Q13di ‫ݎ‬ଵ = 4݅ + 3݆ + ݇ + ߣ ൬ ݅ + 4݆ + 3݇ ൰ 2 Marks Q14b Let the 3 consecutive numbers be ݊, ݊ + 1, ݊ + 2 2 Marks
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Correct solution ݊ଶ + (݊ + 1)ଶ + (݊ + 2)ଶ Correct solution
‫ݎ‬ଶ = 8݅ + 8݆ + 13݇ + ߤ ൬2݅ െ 3݆ + 6݇ ൰ = ݊ଶ + ݊ଶ + 2݊ + 1 + ݊ଶ + 4݊ + 4
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 Mark = 3݊ଶ + 6݊ + 5 1 Mark
Determines the = 3݊ଶ + 6݊ + 6 െ 1 Obtains
4 + ߣ = 8 + 2ߤ (1) correct value of ߣ = 3(݊ଶ + 2݊ + 3) െ 1 3݊ଶ + 6݊ + 5 or
3 + 4ߣ = 8 െ 3ߤ (2) or ߤ equivalence
1 + 3ߣ = 13 + 6ߤ (3) ‫ ׵‬This is one less than a multiple of 3.
(1) × 4 Q14c ଶ 4 Marks
log ௘ ‫ݔ‬
16 + 4ߣ = 32 + 8ߤ (4) ‫=ܫ‬න ݀‫ݔ‬
‫ݔ‬ଷ Correct solution
ଵ
(4) െ (2)
‫ = ݑ‬log ௘ ‫ݔ‬ ‫ݒ‬Ԣ = ‫ି ݔ‬ଷ 3 Marks
13 = 24 + 11ߤ
1 ‫ି ݔ‬ଶ 1 Correct anti-
െ11 = 11ߤ ‫ݑ‬ᇱ = ‫=ݒ‬ =െ ଶ
‫ݔ‬ െ2 2‫ݔ‬ derivative
ߤ = െ1

Sub into (1) log ௘ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ଶ

1 2 Marks
‫ = ܫ‬൤െ ൨ െ න െ ଷ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correctly uses parts
4 + ߣ = 8 + 2 × െ1 2‫ ݔ‬ଶ ଵ ଵ 2‫ݔ‬
ߣ=2
1 Mark
log ௘ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ 1 ଶ ିଷ
Check using (3) ‫ = ܫ‬൤െ ൨ + න ‫ݔ݀ ݔ‬ Correct ‫ݑ‬, ‫ݑ‬ᇱ , ‫ݒ‬, ‫ݒ‬Ԣ
2‫ ݔ‬ଶ ଵ 2 ଵ and attempts to
‫ = ܵܪܮ‬1 + 3 × 2 = 7
ܴ‫ = ܵܪ‬13 + 6 × െ1 = 7 use parts
ଶ
log ௘ 2 log ௘ 1 1 ‫ି ݔ‬ଶ
‫ = ܫ‬൤൬െ ൰ െ ൬െ ൰൨ + ቈ ቉
ܲ = (4 + 2 × 1, 3 + 4 × 2, 1 + 2 × 3) = (6, 11, 7) 2 × 2ଶ 2 × 1ଶ 2 2 ଵ

Q13dii 2 Marks log ௘ 2 1 1 1

൬ ݅ + 4݆ + 3݇ ൰ ή ൬2݅ െ 3݆ + 6݇ ൰ ‫=ܫ‬െ + ൤൬െ ൰ െ ൬െ ൰൨
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Correct solution 8 2 2 × 2ଶ 2 × 1ଶ
cos ߠ =
ξ1ଶ + 4ଶ + 3ଶ × ඥ2ଶ + (െ3)ଶ + 6ଶ
1 Mark log ௘ 2 1 1 1
‫=ܫ‬െ + ൬െ + ൰
1 × 2 + 4 × (െ3) + 3 × 6 Makes significant 8 2 8 2
cos ߠ = progress
ξ26 × ξ49 3 log ௘ 2
‫=ܫ‬ െ
8 16 8
cos ߠ =
7ξ26
Q14di ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0, ‫ ݕ‬൒ 0 1 Mark
ߠ = 77°2ᇱ 53.22ᇱᇱ
Correct solution
ଶ
ߠ = ͹͹ι͵Ԣ (nearest minute) ൫ξ‫ ݔ‬െ ඥ‫ݕ‬൯ ൒ 0
‫ ݔ‬െ 2ඥ‫ ݕݔ‬+ ‫ ݕ‬൒ 0
Q14a ‫ݔ‬+8 3 Marks ‫ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݕ‬൒ 2ඥ‫ݕݔ‬
න ݀‫ݔ‬
ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ Correct solution ‫ݔ‬+‫ݕ‬
൒ ඥ‫ݕݔ‬
2
‫ݔ‬+5 3 2 Marks
=න ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬ Q14dii 1 1 1 2 Marks
ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ξ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ Makes significant
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ = (଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ ) + (ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ) + (଼ܽ + ܿ ଼ )
progress 2 2 2 Correct solution
ଵ
െ(2‫ ݔ‬+ 10)(24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ )ିଶ 3 1 ଼
= െන ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬ 1 Mark (ܽ + ܾ ଼ ) ൒ ඥ଼ܽ ܾ ଼ 1 Mark
2 ඥ49 െ (‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 10‫ ݔ‬+ 25) Correct splitting 2 Makes significant
1 ଼
into two fractions (ܾ + ܿ ଼ ) ൒ ඥܾ ଼ ܿ ଼ progress
ଵ 2
െ(2‫ ݔ‬+ 10)(24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ )ିଶ 3 1 ଼
= െන ݀‫ ݔ‬+ න ݀‫ݔ‬ (ܽ + ܿ ଼ ) ൒ ඥ଼ܽ ܿ ଼
2 ඥ7ଶ െ (‫ ݔ‬+ 5)ଶ 2

‫ݔ‬+5 ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ξ଼ܽ ܾ ଼ + ξܾ ଼ ܿ ଼ + ξ଼ܽ ܿ ଼

= െඥ24 െ 10‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + 3 sinିଵ ൬ ൰+‫ܥ‬ ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ
7
Q14diii ܽସ + ܾ ସ ൒ 2ܽଶ ܾ ଶ (1) 2 Marks ௧ ௩
13 3
ܾ ସ + ܿ ସ ൒ 2ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ (2) Correct solution න ݀‫ = ݐ‬න ൬ + ൰ ݀‫ݒ‬
଴ ଵ 2‫ ݒ‬2(‫ ݒ‬+ 2)
ܽସ + ܿ ସ ൒ 2ܽଶ ܿ ଶ (3)
1 Mark ௩
13 3
(1) + (2) + (3) Shows ‫=ݐ‬൤ ln|‫ |ݒ‬+ ln|‫ ݒ‬+ 2|൨
2 2 ଵ
2(ܽସ + ܾ ସ + ܿ ସ ) ൒ 2(ܽଶ ܾ ଶ + ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܿ ଶ ) ܽସ + ܾସ + ܿସ
ܽସ + ܾ ସ + ܿ ସ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ + ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܿ ଶ ൒ ܽଶܾଶ + ܾଶܿଶ + ܽଶܿଶ
13 3 13 3
‫=ݐ‬൤ ln|‫ |ݒ‬+ ln|‫ ݒ‬+ 2| െ ൬ ln 1 + ln 3൰൨
2 2 2 2
Replacing ܽ by ܾܽ, ܾ by ܾܿ, ܿ by ܽܿ
(ܾܽ)ସ + (ܾܿ)ସ + (ܽܿ)ସ ൒ (ܾܽ)ଶ (ܾܿ)ଶ + (ܾܿ)ଶ (ܽܿ)ଶ + (ܾܽ)ଶ (ܽܿ)ଶ 13 3 ‫ݒ‬+2
ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ ‫=ݐ‬ ln|‫ |ݒ‬+ ln ฬ ฬ
2 2 3
‫ܽ ׵‬ସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ
Q15bi ଵ 2 Marks
Q14div ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ 1 Mark ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ Correct solution ଴
‫( = ݑ‬1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ , ‫ ݒ‬ᇱ = ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ (ܽଶ + ܾ ଶ + ܿ ଶ ) 1 Mark
ᇱ ௡ିଵ
‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ
‫ = ݑ‬െ݊(1 െ ‫)ݔ‬ , ‫=ݒ‬ Correctly uses parts
ଶ ଶ ଶ
If ܽ + ܾ + ܿ = ݀ , thenଶ 1001
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ ݀ ଶ ଵ
‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ ଵ ଵ଴଴ଵ
‫ݔ‬
‫ܫ‬௡ = ቈ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ቉ െ න (െ݊(1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ )݀‫ݔ‬
Q15a ‫ = ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬െ 3 ln(‫ ݒ‬+ 2) 4 Marks 1001 ଴ ଴ 1001
Correct solution
݀‫ݔ‬ 3 1ଵ଴଴ଵ 0ଵ଴଴ଵ ݊ ଵ
=8െ ‫ܫ‬௡ = ቈ (1 െ 1)௡ െ (1 െ 0)௡ ቉ + න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 3 Marks 1001 1001 1001 ଴
Correct anti-
݀‫ ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 16 െ 3 derivative ଵ
= ݊
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
1001 ଴
2 Marks
݀‫ ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 Correct partial
= Q15bii ଵ 2 Marks
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 fraction ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଴
݀‫ݒ‬ ݀‫ݒ‬ ݊ ଵ
=‫ݒ‬ 1 Mark ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ × ‫( × ݔ‬1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
݀‫ݐ‬ ݀‫ݔ‬ 1 Mark
Finds 1001 ଴
Makes significant
݀‫ ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 13
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 = ଵ progress
= ‫ݒ‬൬ ൰ ݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 ݊
݀‫ݐ‬ 8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 ‫ܫ‬௡ = െ න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ × ൫(1 െ ‫ )ݔ‬െ 1൯ × (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
1001 ଴
௩ ௧
8‫ ݒ‬+ 13
න ݀‫ = ݒ‬න ݀‫ݐ‬ ଵ
݊
ଵ ‫ ݒ(ݒ‬+ 2) ଴ ‫ܫ‬௡ = െ න (‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫()ݔ‬1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ െ ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ) ݀‫ݔ‬
1001 ଴
8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 ‫ܣ‬ ‫ܤ‬
= + ݊ ଵ ଵ
‫ ݒ(ݒ‬+ 2) ‫ ݒ ݒ‬+ 2 ‫ܫ‬௡ = െ ቆන ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ ݔ‬െ න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ ݔ‬ቇ
1001 ଴ ଴
‫ ݒ(ܣ‬+ 2) + ‫ = ݒܤ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 ݊
‫ܫ‬௡ = െ (‫ܫ‬௡ െ ‫ܫ‬௡ିଵ )
1001
‫=ݒ‬0
݊ ݊
2‫ = ܣ‬13 ‫ܫ‬௡ + ‫= ܫ‬ ‫ܫ‬
13 1001 ௡ 1001 ௡ିଵ
‫=ܣ‬
2 ݊ ݊
‫ܫ‬௡ ቀ1 + ቁ= ‫ܫ‬
1001 1001 ௡ିଵ
‫ = ݒ‬െ2
െ2‫ = ܤ‬െ16 + 13 1001 + ݊ ݊
3 ‫ܫ‬௡ ൬ ൰= ‫ܫ‬
‫=ܤ‬ 1001 1001 ௡ିଵ
2
݊ 1001
‫ܣ‬ ‫ܤ‬ 13 3 ‫ܫ‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬ ×
+ = + 1001 ௡ିଵ 1001 + ݊
‫ ݒ ݒ‬+ 2 2‫ ݒ‬2‫ ݒ‬+ 4
݊
‫ܫ ׵‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬
1001 + ݊ ௡ିଵ
Q14diii ܽସ + ܾ ସ ൒ 2ܽଶ ܾ ଶ (1) 2 Marks ௧ ௩
13 3
ܾ ସ + ܿ ସ ൒ 2ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ (2) Correct solution න ݀‫ = ݐ‬න ൬ + ൰ ݀‫ݒ‬
଴ ଵ 2‫ ݒ‬2(‫ ݒ‬+ 2)
ܽସ + ܿ ସ ൒ 2ܽଶ ܿ ଶ (3)
1 Mark ௩
13 3
(1) + (2) + (3) Shows ‫=ݐ‬൤ ln|‫ |ݒ‬+ ln|‫ ݒ‬+ 2|൨
2 2 ଵ
2(ܽସ + ܾ ସ + ܿ ସ ) ൒ 2(ܽଶ ܾ ଶ + ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܿ ଶ ) ܽସ + ܾସ + ܿସ
ܽସ + ܾ ସ + ܿ ସ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ + ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܿ ଶ ൒ ܽଶܾଶ + ܾଶܿଶ + ܽଶܿଶ
13 3 13 3
‫=ݐ‬൤ ln|‫ |ݒ‬+ ln|‫ ݒ‬+ 2| െ ൬ ln 1 + ln 3൰൨
2 2 2 2
Replacing ܽ by ܾܽ, ܾ by ܾܿ, ܿ by ܽܿ
(ܾܽ)ସ + (ܾܿ)ସ + (ܽܿ)ସ ൒ (ܾܽ)ଶ (ܾܿ)ଶ + (ܾܿ)ଶ (ܽܿ)ଶ + (ܾܽ)ଶ (ܽܿ)ଶ 13 3 ‫ݒ‬+2
ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ ‫=ݐ‬ ln|‫ |ݒ‬+ ln ฬ ฬ
2 2 3
‫ܽ ׵‬ସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ
Q15bi ଵ 2 Marks
Q14div ଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ସ + ܾ ସ ܿ ସ + ܽସ ܿ ସ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ 1 Mark ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽସ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ସ ܿ ଶ + ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ସ Correct solution ଴
‫( = ݑ‬1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ , ‫ ݒ‬ᇱ = ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ (ܽଶ + ܾ ଶ + ܿ ଶ ) 1 Mark
ᇱ ௡ିଵ
‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ
‫ = ݑ‬െ݊(1 െ ‫)ݔ‬ , ‫=ݒ‬ Correctly uses parts
ଶ ଶ ଶ
If ܽ + ܾ + ܿ = ݀ , thenଶ 1001
଼ܽ + ܾ ଼ + ܿ ଼ ൒ ܽଶ ܾ ଶ ܿ ଶ ݀ ଶ ଵ
‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ ଵ ଵ଴଴ଵ
‫ݔ‬
‫ܫ‬௡ = ቈ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ቉ െ න (െ݊(1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ )݀‫ݔ‬
Q15a ‫ = ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬െ 3 ln(‫ ݒ‬+ 2) 4 Marks 1001 ଴ ଴ 1001
Correct solution
݀‫ݔ‬ 3 1ଵ଴଴ଵ 0ଵ଴଴ଵ ݊ ଵ
=8െ ‫ܫ‬௡ = ቈ (1 െ 1)௡ െ (1 െ 0)௡ ቉ + න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 3 Marks 1001 1001 1001 ଴
Correct anti-
݀‫ ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 16 െ 3 derivative ଵ
= ݊
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
1001 ଴
2 Marks
݀‫ ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 Correct partial
= Q15bii ଵ 2 Marks
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 fraction ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ݔ‬ Correct solution
଴
݀‫ݒ‬ ݀‫ݒ‬ ݊ ଵ
=‫ݒ‬ 1 Mark ‫ܫ‬௡ = න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ × ‫( × ݔ‬1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
݀‫ݐ‬ ݀‫ݔ‬ 1 Mark
Finds 1001 ଴
Makes significant
݀‫ ݔ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 13
݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 = ଵ progress
= ‫ݒ‬൬ ൰ ݀‫ݒ‬ ‫ݒ‬+2 ݊
݀‫ݐ‬ 8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 ‫ܫ‬௡ = െ න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ × ൫(1 െ ‫ )ݔ‬െ 1൯ × (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ݔ‬
1001 ଴
௩ ௧
8‫ ݒ‬+ 13
න ݀‫ = ݒ‬න ݀‫ݐ‬ ଵ
݊
ଵ ‫ ݒ(ݒ‬+ 2) ଴ ‫ܫ‬௡ = െ න (‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫()ݔ‬1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ െ ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ) ݀‫ݔ‬
1001 ଴
8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 ‫ܣ‬ ‫ܤ‬
= + ݊ ଵ ଵ
‫ ݒ(ݒ‬+ 2) ‫ ݒ ݒ‬+ 2 ‫ܫ‬௡ = െ ቆන ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ ݀‫ ݔ‬െ න ‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴଴ (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ ݀‫ ݔ‬ቇ
1001 ଴ ଴
‫ ݒ(ܣ‬+ 2) + ‫ = ݒܤ‬8‫ ݒ‬+ 13 ݊
‫ܫ‬௡ = െ (‫ܫ‬௡ െ ‫ܫ‬௡ିଵ )
1001
‫=ݒ‬0
݊ ݊
2‫ = ܣ‬13 ‫ܫ‬௡ + ‫= ܫ‬ ‫ܫ‬
13 1001 ௡ 1001 ௡ିଵ
‫=ܣ‬
2 ݊ ݊
‫ܫ‬௡ ቀ1 + ቁ= ‫ܫ‬
1001 1001 ௡ିଵ
‫ = ݒ‬െ2
െ2‫ = ܤ‬െ16 + 13 1001 + ݊ ݊
3 ‫ܫ‬௡ ൬ ൰= ‫ܫ‬
‫=ܤ‬ 1001 1001 ௡ିଵ
2
݊ 1001
‫ܣ‬ ‫ܤ‬ 13 3 ‫ܫ‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬ ×
+ = + 1001 ௡ିଵ 1001 + ݊
‫ ݒ ݒ‬+ 2 2‫ ݒ‬2‫ ݒ‬+ 4
݊
‫ܫ ׵‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬
1001 + ݊ ௡ିଵ
Q15biii ݊ 2 Marks Q15cii Since ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is increasing for ‫ > ݔ‬0 2 Marks
‫ܫ‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬
1001 + ݊ ௡ିଵ Correct solution Then ݂(‫(݂ > )ݔ‬0) Correct solution
݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + 1 + 0)௡ାଵ
‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× ×‫ܫ‬ 1 Mark 1 Mark
1001 + ݊ 1001 + ݊ െ 1 1001 + ݊ െ 2 1001 + 1 ଴ Expands ‫ܫ‬௡ and (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
>
(݊ + 0)௡ Explains
1
finds ‫ܫ‬଴ ݂(‫(݂ > )ݔ‬0)
‫ܫ‬଴ = න ‫ݔ‬1000 (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬0 ݀‫ݔ‬ (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ and shows
0 > (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ (݊)௡ (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
>
(݊)௡

ଵ
‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ Since ‫ > ݔ‬0, (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ > 0, (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ > 0
‫ܫ‬଴ = ቈ ቉
1001 ଴
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
> … … (1)
1ଵ଴଴ଵ 0ଵ଴଴ଵ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ (݊)௡
‫ܫ‬଴ = െ
1001 1001
݊ + 1 + ‫ ݔ‬௡ାଵ ݊+‫ ݔ‬௡
1 ൬ ൰ >൬ ൰
‫ܫ‬଴ = ݊+1 ݊
1001
‫ ݔ‬௡ାଵ ‫ ݔ‬௡
݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 1 ‫ ׵‬ቀ1 + ቁ > ቀ1 + ቁ
‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× × ݊+1 ݊
1001 + ݊ 1001 + ݊ െ 1 1001 + ݊ െ 2 1001 + 1 1001

݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 1 Q15ciii Sub ‫ = ݔ‬1 into (1) 1 Mark

‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× ×
1001 + ݊ 1000 + ݊ 999 + ݊ 1002 1001 Correct solution
(݊ + 1 + 1)௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡
݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 1 1000! >
‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× × × (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ (݊)௡
1001 + ݊ 1000 + ݊ 999 + ݊ 1002 1001 1000!

݊! 1000! (݊ + 2)௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡

‫ܫ‬௡ = >
(1001 + ݊)! (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ (݊)௡

Since (݊ + 1)௡ > 0, (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ > 0

Q15ci (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ 2 Marks (݊ + 2)௡ାଵ ݊௡ > (݊ + 1)௡ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ
݂(‫= )ݔ‬ , ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0, ݊ ൒ 1 Correct solution ‫ ݊( ׵‬+ 2)௡ାଵ ݊௡ > (݊ + 1)ଶ௡ାଵ
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
Q16ai ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = (ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ ܾ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + ܿ‫ ݔ‬+ ݀)(‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1) 1 Mark
‫ ݊( = ݑ‬+ 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ ‫ ݊( = ݒ‬+ ‫)ݔ‬௡ 1 Mark
Correct solution
‫ݑ‬ᇱ = (݊ + 1)(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ ‫ ݒ‬ᇱ = ݊(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ Correct
differentiation and Compare coefficients
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ (݊ + 1)(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ െ (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ ݊(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ simplifies ܽ = 1, ݀ = െ1, ܾ = 0, ܿ = 0
݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬
[(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ ]ଶ ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = (‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 1)(‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1)
௡ (݊ ௡ିଵ [(݊ The roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0 are the roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 1 = 0 or the roots of
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬ + ‫)ݔ‬ + ‫ ݊()ݔ‬+ 1) െ ݊(݊ + 1 + ‫])ݔ‬
݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬ ‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1 = 0.
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬ଶ௡ ‫ ׵‬The roots of ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬0 are amongst the roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0.
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ [݊ଶ + ݊ + ‫ ݊ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬െ ݊ଶ െ ݊ െ ݊‫]ݔ‬
݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬ Q16aii ‫ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0 4 Marks
(݊ + ‫()ݔ‬ଶ௡ି௡ାଵ) ‫ݔ‬ଽ = 1 Correct solution

‫ ݊(ݔ‬+ 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ (cos 9ߠ + ݅ sin 9ߠ) = 1 3 Marks

݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬
(݊ + ‫()ݔ‬௡ାଵ) 9ߠ = 0 + 2݇ߨ (݇ = 0, ±1, ±2, … ) Determine roots of
‫ ଺ݔ‬+ ‫ݔ‬ଷ + 1 = 0
2݇ߨ
ߠ=
Since ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0, ݊ ൒ 1 9 2 Marks
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ > 0, (݊ + ‫()ݔ‬௡ାଵ) > 0 Finds all solutions
2݇ߨ 2݇ߨ to ‫ ݔ‬ଽ = 1
‫ = ݔ‬൬cos + ݅ sin ൰
‫ ݂ ׵‬ᇱ (‫ > )ݔ‬0 9 9
‫ )ݔ(݂ ׵‬is increasing for ‫ > ݔ‬0. 1 Mark
݇ = 0, cos 0 + ݅ sin 0 = cos 0 = 1 Finds some
2ߨ 2ߨ
݇ = 1, cos + ݅ sin solutions to ‫ ݔ‬ଽ = 1
9 9
Q15biii ݊ 2 Marks Q15cii Since ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is increasing for ‫ > ݔ‬0 2 Marks
‫ܫ‬௡ = ‫ܫ‬
1001 + ݊ ௡ିଵ Correct solution Then ݂(‫(݂ > )ݔ‬0) Correct solution
݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + 1 + 0)௡ାଵ
‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× ×‫ܫ‬ 1 Mark 1 Mark
1001 + ݊ 1001 + ݊ െ 1 1001 + ݊ െ 2 1001 + 1 ଴ Expands ‫ܫ‬௡ and (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
>
(݊ + 0)௡ Explains
1
finds ‫ܫ‬଴ ݂(‫(݂ > )ݔ‬0)
‫ܫ‬଴ = න ‫ݔ‬1000 (1 െ ‫)ݔ‬0 ݀‫ݔ‬ (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ and shows
0 > (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ (݊)௡ (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
>
(݊)௡

ଵ
‫ ݔ‬ଵ଴଴ଵ Since ‫ > ݔ‬0, (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ > 0, (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ > 0
‫ܫ‬଴ = ቈ ቉
1001 ଴
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ (݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
> … … (1)
1ଵ଴଴ଵ 0ଵ଴଴ଵ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ (݊)௡
‫ܫ‬଴ = െ
1001 1001
݊ + 1 + ‫ ݔ‬௡ାଵ ݊+‫ ݔ‬௡
1 ൬ ൰ >൬ ൰
‫ܫ‬଴ = ݊+1 ݊
1001
‫ ݔ‬௡ାଵ ‫ ݔ‬௡
݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 1 ‫ ׵‬ቀ1 + ቁ > ቀ1 + ቁ
‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× × ݊+1 ݊
1001 + ݊ 1001 + ݊ െ 1 1001 + ݊ െ 2 1001 + 1 1001

݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 1 Q15ciii Sub ‫ = ݔ‬1 into (1) 1 Mark

‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× ×
1001 + ݊ 1000 + ݊ 999 + ݊ 1002 1001 Correct solution
(݊ + 1 + 1)௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡
݊ ݊െ1 ݊െ2 1 1 1000! >
‫ܫ‬௡ = × × × …× × × (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ (݊)௡
1001 + ݊ 1000 + ݊ 999 + ݊ 1002 1001 1000!

݊! 1000! (݊ + 2)௡ାଵ (݊ + 1)௡

‫ܫ‬௡ = >
(1001 + ݊)! (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ (݊)௡

Since (݊ + 1)௡ > 0, (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ > 0

Q15ci (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ 2 Marks (݊ + 2)௡ାଵ ݊௡ > (݊ + 1)௡ (݊ + 1)௡ାଵ
݂(‫= )ݔ‬ , ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0, ݊ ൒ 1 Correct solution ‫ ݊( ׵‬+ 2)௡ାଵ ݊௡ > (݊ + 1)ଶ௡ାଵ
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡
Q16ai ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = (ܽ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ ܾ‫ ݔ‬ଶ + ܿ‫ ݔ‬+ ݀)(‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1) 1 Mark
‫ ݊( = ݑ‬+ 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ ‫ ݊( = ݒ‬+ ‫)ݔ‬௡ 1 Mark
Correct solution
‫ݑ‬ᇱ = (݊ + 1)(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ ‫ ݒ‬ᇱ = ݊(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ Correct
differentiation and Compare coefficients
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ (݊ + 1)(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ െ (݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ାଵ ݊(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ିଵ simplifies ܽ = 1, ݀ = െ1, ܾ = 0, ܿ = 0
݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬
[(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬௡ ]ଶ ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = (‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 1)(‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1)
௡ (݊ ௡ିଵ [(݊ The roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0 are the roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 1 = 0 or the roots of
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬ + ‫)ݔ‬ + ‫ ݊()ݔ‬+ 1) െ ݊(݊ + 1 + ‫])ݔ‬
݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬ ‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1 = 0.
(݊ + ‫)ݔ‬ଶ௡ ‫ ׵‬The roots of ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬0 are amongst the roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0.
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ [݊ଶ + ݊ + ‫ ݊ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬െ ݊ଶ െ ݊ െ ݊‫]ݔ‬
݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬ Q16aii ‫ݔ‬ଽ െ 1 = 0 4 Marks
(݊ + ‫()ݔ‬ଶ௡ି௡ାଵ) ‫ݔ‬ଽ = 1 Correct solution

‫ ݊(ݔ‬+ 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ (cos 9ߠ + ݅ sin 9ߠ) = 1 3 Marks

݂ ᇱ (‫= )ݔ‬
(݊ + ‫()ݔ‬௡ାଵ) 9ߠ = 0 + 2݇ߨ (݇ = 0, ±1, ±2, … ) Determine roots of
‫ ଺ݔ‬+ ‫ݔ‬ଷ + 1 = 0
2݇ߨ
ߠ=
Since ‫ ݔ‬൒ 0, ݊ ൒ 1 9 2 Marks
(݊ + 1 + ‫)ݔ‬௡ > 0, (݊ + ‫()ݔ‬௡ାଵ) > 0 Finds all solutions
2݇ߨ 2݇ߨ to ‫ ݔ‬ଽ = 1
‫ = ݔ‬൬cos + ݅ sin ൰
‫ ݂ ׵‬ᇱ (‫ > )ݔ‬0 9 9
‫ )ݔ(݂ ׵‬is increasing for ‫ > ݔ‬0. 1 Mark
݇ = 0, cos 0 + ݅ sin 0 = cos 0 = 1 Finds some
2ߨ 2ߨ
݇ = 1, cos + ݅ sin solutions to ‫ ݔ‬ଽ = 1
9 9
 2ߨ 2ߨ Q16bi ௕
|݂(‫ |)ݔ‬is always positive so ‫׬‬௔ |݂(‫ ݔ݀|)ݔ‬is a positive value. 1 Mark
݇ = െ1, cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰
9 9 Correct solution
4ߨ 4ߨ ௕
݇ = 2, cos + ݅ sin ݂(‫ )ݔ‬can cross the ‫ݔ‬-axis for ܽ ൑ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ܾ, then ‫׬‬௔ ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬may involve adding
9 9
4ߨ 4ߨ negative (below ‫ݔ‬-axis) and positive values (above ‫ݔ‬-axis).
݇ = െ2, cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ ௕ ௕
9 9 So ቚ‫׬‬௔ ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቚ < ‫׬‬௔ |݂(‫ݔ݀|)ݔ‬
2ߨ 2ߨ
݇ = 3, cos + ݅ sin
3 3 ௕ ௕
2ߨ 2ߨ ቚ‫׬‬௔ ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቚ = ‫׬‬௔ |݂(‫ ݔ݀|)ݔ‬if ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is positive.
݇ = െ3, cos + ݅ sin
3 3
8ߨ 8ߨ ௕ ௕
݇ = 4, cos + ݅ sin
9 9 ‫ ׵‬ቤන ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න |݂(‫ݔ݀|)ݔ‬
8ߨ 8ߨ ௔ ௔
݇ = െ4, cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰
9 9
గ గ
The roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 1 = 0 are: Q16bii 3 Marks
2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න |27௫ cos ‫ݔ݀|ݔ‬ Correct solution
1, cos + ݅ sin , cos െ ݅ sin ଴ ଴
3 3 3 3
గ గ 2 Marks
So the roots of ‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1 = 0 are: ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න 27௫ ݀‫ݔ‬ (|cos ‫ |ݔ‬൑ 1, 27௫ > 0) Correct anti-
2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ ଴ ଴
derivative
cos + ݅ sin , cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ , cos + ݅ sin ,
9 9 9 9 9 9 గ
27௫ గ
4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ ൤ ൨ 1 Mark
cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ , cos + ݅ sin , cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ ln 27 ଴
9 9 9 9 9 9 ଴ Obtains
గ
గ
2ߨ 2ߨ గ
3ଷ௫ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ
ߙ = cos + ݅ sin ௫
ቤන 27 cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ ቈ ቉ ଴
9 9 ଴ 3 ln 3 ଴ గ
2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ ൑ න 27௫ ݀‫ݔ‬
ߙത = cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ = cos െ ݅ sin
9 9 9 9 గ ଴
4ߨ 4ߨ 3ଷగ 3ଷ×଴
ߚ = cos + ݅ sin ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ െ
9 9 ଴ 3 ln 3 3 ln 3
4ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ
ߚҧ = cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ = cos െ ݅ sin గ
9 9 9 9 3ଷగ െ 1
8ߨ 8ߨ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑
ߛ = cos + ݅ sin ଴ 3 ln 3
9 9
8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ
ߛҧ = cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ = cos െ ݅ sin
9 9 9 9 1
Q16c 4 Marks
ܴܶܲ: ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௡ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௡ )
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬െ ߙ)(‫ ݔ‬െ ߙത)(‫ ݔ‬െ ߚ)൫‫ ݔ‬െ ߚҧ ൯(‫ ݔ‬െ ߛ)(‫ ݔ‬െ ߛҧ ) 2௡ିଵ Correct solution

1. Prove statement is true for ݊ = 2 3 Marks

ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬ଶ െ 2ܴ݁(ߙ)‫ ݔ‬+ 1)൫(‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2ܴ݁(ߚ)‫ ݔ‬+ 1)൯൫(‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2ܴ݁(ߛ)‫ ݔ‬+ 1)൯ 1 1
‫ = ܵܪܮ‬ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) ܴ‫ = ܵܪ‬ଶିଵ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) = (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) Makes significant
2ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ
2 2 progress
ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2 cos ‫ ݔ‬+ 1൰ ቆ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2 cos ‫ ݔ‬+ 1൰ቇ ቆ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2 cos ‫ ݔ‬+ 1൰ቇ
9 9 9 Since ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ > ξ‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ, and ln ‫ݔ‬is an increasing function, 2 Marks
Shows
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) > ln൫ඥ‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ ൯ ln൫(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ൯
16aiii Equating coefficient of ‫ ݔ‬ଶ on both sides of the equation 2 Marks 1
> (ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ )
2
Correct solution 1 + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ )
2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) > ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ )
0 = 1 + 1 + 1 + ൬െ2 cos ൰ × ൬െ2 cos ൰ + ൬െ2 cos ൰ × ൬െ2 cos ൰ 2 1 Mark
9 9 9 9 1 Mark
2ߨ 8ߨ Attempts to equate Proves the initial
+ ൬െ2 cos ൰ × ൬െ2 cos ൰ 1
9 9 coefficient of ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) case
2
2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 2ߨ 8ߨ
െ3 = 4 cos cos + 4 cos cos + 4 cos cos ‫ܵܪܴ > ܵܪܮ‬
9 9 9 9 9 9
‫ ׵‬This is true for ݊ = 2.
2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 2ߨ 8ߨ 3
cos cos + cos cos + cos cos =െ
9 9 9 9 9 9 4 2. Assume statement is true for ݊ = ݇, ݇ ‫ א‬Ժା
1
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) > ௞ିଵ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ )
2
 2ߨ 2ߨ Q16bi ௕
|݂(‫ |)ݔ‬is always positive so ‫׬‬௔ |݂(‫ ݔ݀|)ݔ‬is a positive value. 1 Mark
݇ = െ1, cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰
9 9 Correct solution
4ߨ 4ߨ ௕
݇ = 2, cos + ݅ sin ݂(‫ )ݔ‬can cross the ‫ݔ‬-axis for ܽ ൑ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ܾ, then ‫׬‬௔ ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬may involve adding
9 9
4ߨ 4ߨ negative (below ‫ݔ‬-axis) and positive values (above ‫ݔ‬-axis).
݇ = െ2, cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ ௕ ௕
9 9 So ቚ‫׬‬௔ ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቚ < ‫׬‬௔ |݂(‫ݔ݀|)ݔ‬
2ߨ 2ߨ
݇ = 3, cos + ݅ sin
3 3 ௕ ௕
2ߨ 2ߨ ቚ‫׬‬௔ ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቚ = ‫׬‬௔ |݂(‫ ݔ݀|)ݔ‬if ݂(‫ )ݔ‬is positive.
݇ = െ3, cos + ݅ sin
3 3
8ߨ 8ߨ ௕ ௕
݇ = 4, cos + ݅ sin
9 9 ‫ ׵‬ቤන ݂(‫ ݔ݀)ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න |݂(‫ݔ݀|)ݔ‬
8ߨ 8ߨ ௔ ௔
݇ = െ4, cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰
9 9
గ గ
The roots of ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ 1 = 0 are: Q16bii 3 Marks
2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න |27௫ cos ‫ݔ݀|ݔ‬ Correct solution
1, cos + ݅ sin , cos െ ݅ sin ଴ ଴
3 3 3 3
గ గ 2 Marks
So the roots of ‫ ଺ ݔ‬+ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ + 1 = 0 are: ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ න 27௫ ݀‫ݔ‬ (|cos ‫ |ݔ‬൑ 1, 27௫ > 0) Correct anti-
2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ ଴ ଴
derivative
cos + ݅ sin , cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ , cos + ݅ sin ,
9 9 9 9 9 9 గ
27௫ గ
4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ ൤ ൨ 1 Mark
cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ , cos + ݅ sin , cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ ln 27 ଴
9 9 9 9 9 9 ଴ Obtains
గ
గ
2ߨ 2ߨ గ
3ଷ௫ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ
ߙ = cos + ݅ sin ௫
ቤන 27 cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ ቈ ቉ ଴
9 9 ଴ 3 ln 3 ଴ గ
2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ 2ߨ ൑ න 27௫ ݀‫ݔ‬
ߙത = cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ = cos െ ݅ sin
9 9 9 9 గ ଴
4ߨ 4ߨ 3ଷగ 3ଷ×଴
ߚ = cos + ݅ sin ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑ െ
9 9 ଴ 3 ln 3 3 ln 3
4ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ
ߚҧ = cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ = cos െ ݅ sin గ
9 9 9 9 3ଷగ െ 1
8ߨ 8ߨ ቤන 27௫ cos ‫ ݔ݀ ݔ‬ቤ ൑
ߛ = cos + ݅ sin ଴ 3 ln 3
9 9
8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ 8ߨ
ߛҧ = cos ൬െ ൰ + ݅ sin ൬െ ൰ = cos െ ݅ sin
9 9 9 9 1
Q16c 4 Marks
ܴܶܲ: ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௡ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௡ )
ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬െ ߙ)(‫ ݔ‬െ ߙത)(‫ ݔ‬െ ߚ)൫‫ ݔ‬െ ߚҧ ൯(‫ ݔ‬െ ߛ)(‫ ݔ‬െ ߛҧ ) 2௡ିଵ Correct solution

1. Prove statement is true for ݊ = 2 3 Marks

ܲ(‫ ݔ( = )ݔ‬ଶ െ 2ܴ݁(ߙ)‫ ݔ‬+ 1)൫(‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2ܴ݁(ߚ)‫ ݔ‬+ 1)൯൫(‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2ܴ݁(ߛ)‫ ݔ‬+ 1)൯ 1 1
‫ = ܵܪܮ‬ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) ܴ‫ = ܵܪ‬ଶିଵ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) = (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) Makes significant
2ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ
2 2 progress
ܲ(‫ = )ݔ‬൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2 cos ‫ ݔ‬+ 1൰ ቆ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2 cos ‫ ݔ‬+ 1൰ቇ ቆ൬‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ 2 cos ‫ ݔ‬+ 1൰ቇ
9 9 9 Since ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ > ξ‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ, and ln ‫ݔ‬is an increasing function, 2 Marks
Shows
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) > ln൫ඥ‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ ൯ ln൫(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ൯
16aiii Equating coefficient of ‫ ݔ‬ଶ on both sides of the equation 2 Marks 1
> (ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ )
2
Correct solution 1 + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ )
2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) > ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ ‫ݔ‬ଶ )
0 = 1 + 1 + 1 + ൬െ2 cos ൰ × ൬െ2 cos ൰ + ൬െ2 cos ൰ × ൬െ2 cos ൰ 2 1 Mark
9 9 9 9 1 Mark
2ߨ 8ߨ Attempts to equate Proves the initial
+ ൬െ2 cos ൰ × ൬െ2 cos ൰ 1
9 9 coefficient of ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ ) case
2
2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 2ߨ 8ߨ
െ3 = 4 cos cos + 4 cos cos + 4 cos cos ‫ܵܪܴ > ܵܪܮ‬
9 9 9 9 9 9
‫ ׵‬This is true for ݊ = 2.
2ߨ 4ߨ 4ߨ 8ߨ 2ߨ 8ߨ 3
cos cos + cos cos + cos cos =െ
9 9 9 9 9 9 4 2. Assume statement is true for ݊ = ݇, ݇ ‫ א‬Ժା
1
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) > ௞ିଵ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ )
2
3. Prove statement is true for ݊ = ݇ + 1
1
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ) > ௞ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ )
2

‫ = ܵܪܮ‬ln൫(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ൯

1
ln൫(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ൯ > (ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ )
2

From assumption
ln൫(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ൯
1 1
> ൬ ௞ିଵ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ൰
2 2

1 1
ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ
2௞ 2
ଵ ଵ
Since ଶ > ଶೖ and ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ > 0, then

1 1
(ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ
2௞ 2
1 1
> ௞ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ௞ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ
2 2

1 1
(ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ ) + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ
2௞ 2
1
> ௞ (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ )
2

1
‫ ׵‬ln(‫ݔ‬ଵ + ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ‫ݔ‬௞ + ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ ) > (ln ‫ݔ‬ଵ + ln ‫ݔ‬ଶ + ‫ ڮ‬+ ln ‫ݔ‬௞ + ln ‫ݔ‬௞ାଵ )
2௞
True by mathematical induction for all integers ݊ ൒ 2.