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class 8 Case Study (1)

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class 8 Case Study (1)

Uploaded by

pavithraperumal1166
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© © All Rights Reserved
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VELAMMAL VIDYALAYA ALAPAKKAM

CLASS 8 ASSIGNMENT

I. CASE STUDY

1. All plants and animals go through life cycles. Just think about all the growing and
changing human children do as they grow up. Children grow in height and get heavier until
they reach adulthood. Children also change as their body matures. Although we grow lots
from the time we are born to adulthood, humans never transform. Unlike us, butterflies go
through a metamorphosis, or transformation. A butterfly looks very different as it changes
through all four stages of its life cycle. A butterfly transforms through the first stage egg to
the last stage adult butterfly. Similarly, frogs go through the same transformation from egg
to an adult.

(i) Frog and butterfly comes under:


(a) Oviparous animals
(b) Viviparous animals
(c) Ovoviviparous
(d) None of the above

(ii) What is another name of the pupa stage of butterfly?


(a) Caterpillar
(b) Adult
(c) Chrysalis
(d) None of the above.

(iii) Define the term metamorphosis.

(iv) What are the stages of life cycle of a frog?

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2. In human beings, a single matured egg is released into the oviduct by one of the ovaries
every month. Uterus is the part where development of the baby takes place. Like the sperm,
an egg is also a single cell. Fertilisation: The first step in the process of reproduction is the
fusion of a sperm and an ovum. When sperms come in contact with an egg, one of the sperms
may fuse with the egg. Such fusion of the egg and the sperm is called fertilisation. During
fertilisation, the nuclei of the sperm and the egg fuse to form a single nucleus. This results in
the formation of a fertilised egg or zygote. Did you know that the zygote is the beginning of
a new individual? The process of fertilisation is the meeting of an egg cell from the mother
and a sperm cell from the father. So, the new individual inherits some characteristics from
the mother and some from the father. Look at your brother or sister. See if you can recognize
some characters in them similar to those of your mother or your father. Fertilisation which
takes place inside the female body is called internal fertilisation. Internal fertilisation occurs
in many animals including humans, cows, dogs and hens.

(i) Which of the following is NOT a part of the female reproductive system?
(a) Fallopian tube
(b) Ovaries
(c) Testes
(d) Uterus

(ii) Define the process of fertilisation in detail.

(iii) The type of fertilisation in which the fusion of male and female gametes takes place
outside the body is called _______________.

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3. For the continuity of life, all living things produce organisms of their own kind. This is called
reproduction. A special organ system called the reproductive system is responsible for
carrying out the process of reproduction in a living body. Although all living things reproduce
they do so by different means. There are two types of Reproduction-Asexual and Sexual
reproduction. Asexual reproduction requires one parent while Sexual reproduction requires
two parents to produce a baby. Asexual reproduction is the simplest form of reproduction
and is commonly found in plants and lower animals like starfish, sponges and worms. Most
plants and mammals, including human beings, reproduce sexually.

a) What is reproduction?

b) What are the two types of reproduction?

c) Which type of reproduction involves only one parent?


i) Sexual reproduction
ii) Asexual reproduction
iii) Both of these
iv) None of these

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II ASSERTION AND REASONING

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

1. Assertion (A): In production of offspring, formation of zygote is necessary.


Reason (R): There are two modes of reproduction occur.

2. Assertion(A): Fertilisation can be external or internal.


Reason (R): The babies are born also through IVF technique.

3. Assertion(a): the zygote is develops into a new individual in sexual reproduction or in


animals.
Reason(b): the zygote is not capable to develop new individuals in asexual animals .

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