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Erbell Ong
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SCRAP BOOK

Mangrove
Mangroves are a group of trees and shrubs that live in the coastal intertidal zone. Mangrove
forest in Loxahatchee, Florida. There are about 80 different species of mangrove trees. All of
these trees grow in areas with low-oxygen soil, where slow-moving waters allow fine
sediments to accumulate.

in
SCIENCE 6
Submitted by:
RAIN JAIRUS P. ONG
Pupil

Submitted to:
JESEBEL P. ONG
Teacher
A tropical rainforest is an area of tall, mostly evergreen trees that receives a high amount of What is an ecosystem?
rainfall. A tropical rainforest has four layers
An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals and other organisms, as
EMERGENT LAYER well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems
Is the very top of a rainforest it has trees as tall as 60 meters (200 feet) contain biotic (living) factors, as well as abiotic (nonliving) factors. Biotic factors include
plants, animals and other organisms. Abiotic factors
CANOPY LAYER include rocks, temperature and humidity.
It has a layer of greenery about 20 feet thick formed by the next tallest trees

UNDERSTORY LAYER
It contains a layer made up of young trees, short species of trees, shrubs, and soft-
stemmed plants.

FOREST FLOOR
The forest floor is the lowest layer in the rainforest, it is dark, damp and hot!
Saplings
Coral Reefs

A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals.

A Coral reef has 3 variety

Fringing
A fringing reef is one of the three main types of coral reef.
It is distinguished from the other main types, barrier reefs
and atolls, in that it has either an entirely shallow backreef
zone (lagoon) or none at all. If a fringing reef grows directly
from the shoreline, then the reef flat extends to the beach
and there is no backreef.

Atoll
An atoll is a ring-shaped island, including a coral rim
that encircles a lagoon. There may be coral
islands or cays on the rim.[2][3]: 60 Atolls are located
in warm tropical or subtropical parts of the oceans
and seas where corals can develop. Most of the
approximately 440 atolls in the world are in the Pacific
Ocean.

Barrier
Barrier reef, a coral reef roughly parallel to a shore and
separated from it by a lagoon or other body of water.
A barrier reef is usually pierced by several channels that
give access to the lagoon and the island or continent
beyond it.

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