Vocabulary for Reports

Vocabulary for the Introduction Part:

Starting Presentation Type Verb Description
The/ the given / diagram / table / shows / represents / the comparison of…
the supplied / the figure / illustration / depicts / enumerates the differences…
presented / the graph / chart / flow / illustrates / the changes...
shown / the chart / picture/ presents/ gives / the number of…
provided presentation/ pie chart provides / delineates/ information on…
/ bar graph/ column outlines/ describes / data on…
graph / line graph / delineates/ expresses/ the proportion of…
table data/ data / denotes/ compares/ the amount of…
information / shows contrast / information on...
pictorial/ process indicates / figures / data about...
diagram/ map/ pie gives data on / gives comparative data...
chart and table/ bar information on/ the trend of...
graph and pie chart ... presents information the percentages of...
about/ shows data the ratio of...
about/ demonstrates/ how the...
sketch out/
summarises...
 Examples:
• 1. The diagram shows employment rates among adults in four European countries from 1925 to 1985.
• 2. The given pie charts represent the proportion of male and female employees in 6 broad categories, dividing
into manual and non-manual occupations in Australia, between 2010 and 2015.
• 3. The chart gives information about consumer expenditures on six products in four countries namely Germany,
Italy, Britain and France.
• 4. The supplied bar graph compares the number of male and female graduates in three developing countries
while the table data presents the overall literacy rate in these countries.
• 5. The bar graph and the table data depict the water consumption in different sectors in five regions.
• 6. The bar graph enumerates the money spent on different research projects while the column graph demonstrates
the fund sources over a decade, commencing from 1981.
• 7. The line graph delineates the proportion of male and female employees in three different sectors in Australia
between 2010 and 2015.
 Tips:

• For a single graph use 's' after the verb, like - gives data on, shows/ presents etc. However, if there
are multiple graphs, DO NOT use 's' after the verb.
• If there are multiple graphs and each one presents a different type of data, you can write which
graph presents what type of data and use 'while' to show a connection. For example -'The given
bar graph shows the amount spent on fast food items in 2009 in the UK while the pie chart
presents a comparison of people's ages who spent more on fast food.
• Your introduction should be quite impressive as it makes the first impression to the examiner. It
either makes or breaks your overall score.
• For multiple graphs and/ or table(s), you can write what they present in combination instead of
saying which each graph depicts. For example, "The two pie charts and the column graph in
combination depicts a picture of the crime in Australia from 2005 to 2015 and the
percentages of young offenders during this period."
“
Caution
”
Never copy word for word from the question. If you do
do, you would be penalised. Always paraphrase the
introduction in your own words.
 General Statement Part:

• The General statement is the first sentence (or two) you write in your reporting. It should
always deal with:
• What + Where + When.
• Example: The diagram presents information on the percentages of teachers who have expressed their views
about the different problems they face when dealing with children in three Australian schools from 2001 to
2005.
• What = the percentages of teachers...
Where = three Australian schools...
When = from 2001 to 2005...
• A good General statement should always have these parts.
 Vocabulary for the General Trend Part:

• In general, In common, Generally speaking, Overall, It is obvious,

As is observed, As a general trend, As can be seen, As an overall
trend, As is presented, It can be clearly seen that, At the first
glance, it is clear, At the onset, it is clear that, A glance at the
graphs reveals that...
 Example:
• 1. In general, the employment opportunities increased till 1970 and then declined throughout the next decade.
• 2. As is observed, the figures for imprisonment in the five mentioned countries show no overall pattern, rather shows the considerable
fluctuations from country to country.
• 3. Generally speaking, citizens in the USA had a far better life standard than that of remaining countries.
• 4. As can be seen, the highest number of passengers used the London Underground station at 8:00 in the morning and at 6:00 in the
evening.
• 4. Generally speaking, more men were engaged in managerial positions in 1987 than that of women in New York this year.
• 5. As an overall trend, the number of crimes reported increased fairly rapidly until the mid-seventies, remained constant for five years and
finally, dropped to 20 cases a week after 1982.
• 6. At a first glance, it is clear that more percentages of native university pupils violated regulations and rules than the foreign students did
during this period.
• 7. At the onset, it is clear that drinking in public and drink driving were the most common reasons for US citizens to be arrested in 2014.
• 8. Overall, the leisure hours enjoyed by males, regardless of their employment status, was much higher than that of women.
 Structure
• Introduction:
• Introduction (never copy word for word from the question) + Overview/ General trend (what the diagrams
indicate at a first glance).
• Reporting Details:
• Main features in the Details
+ Comparison and Contrast of the data. (Do not give all the figures.)
+ Most striking features of the graph.
• Conclusion:
• Conclusion (General statement + Implications, significant comments)
[The conclusion part is optional.]
 Tips
• Write introduction and General trend in the same paragraph. Some students prefer to write the 'General
Trend' in a separate paragraph and many teachers suggest the both to be written in a single paragraph.
Unless you have a really good reason to write the general trend in the second paragraph, try to write them
both in the first paragraph. However, this is just a suggestion, not a requirement.
• 2. Your 'Introduction (general statement + overall trend/ general trend) should have 75 - 80 words.
• 3. DO NOT give numbers, percentages or quantity in your general trend. Rather give the most striking
feature of the graph that could be easily understood at a glance. Thus it is suggested to AVOID -
• "A glance at the graphs reveals that 70% male were employed in 2001 while 40 thousand women in this year had jobs."
And use a format /comparison like the following:
"A glance at the graphs reveals that more men were employed than their female counterpart in
2001 and almost two-third females were jobless in the same year. "
 Vocabulary to Start the Report Body:

• Just after you finish writing your 'Introduction' (i.e. General Statement +
General overview/ trend), you are expected to start a new paragraph to
describe the main features of the diagrams. This second paragraph is called
the 'Body Paragraph / Report Body". You can have a single body paragraph/
report body or up to 3, (not more than 3 in any case) depending on the
number of graphs provided in the question and the type of these graphs.
There are certain phrases you can use to start your body paragraph and
following is a list of such phrases ---
 Vocabulary to Start the Report Body:

• 1. As is presented in the diagram(s)/ 8. Now, turning to the details...

graph(s)/ pie chart(s)/ table... 9. The table data clearly shows that...
2. As (is) shown in the illustration... 10. The diagram reveals that...
3. As can be seen in the... 11. The data suggest that...
4. As the diagrams suggest... 12. The graph gives the figure...
5. According to the... 13. It is interesting to note that...
6. Categorically speaking...
7. Getting back to the details...
 Vocabulary to Start the Report Body:
• 14. It is apparently seen that...
15. It is conspicuous that...
16. It is explicitly observed that...
17. It is obvious...
18. It is clear from the data...
19. It is worth noticing that...
20. It is crystal clear/ lucid that...
21. It can be clearly observed that...
22. It could be plainly viewed that...
23. It could be noticed that...
24. We can see that...
 Trends Verb form Noun Form

Vocabulary Increase rise / increase / go up / uplift / rocket(ed) / climb a rise / an increase / an upward trend / a
/ upsurge / soar/ shot up/ improve/ jump/ leap/ growth / a leap / a jump / an
to show the move upward/ skyrocket/ soar/ surge. improvement/ a climb.

changes: Decrease fall / decrease / decline / plummet / plunge / drop a fall / a decrease / a reduction / a
/ reduce / collapse / deterioriate/ dip / dive / go downward trends /a downward tendency
down / take a nosedive / slum / slide / go into free- / a decline/ a drop / a slide / a collapse /
fall. a downfall.
Steadiness unchanged / level out / remain constant / remain a steadiness/ a plateau / a stability/ a static
steady / plateau / remain the same / remain stable /
remain static
Gradual increase an upward trend / an upward tendency / a
------------ ceiling trend

Gradual decrease a downward trend / a downward tendency

------------ / a descending trend

Standability/ Flat level(ed) off / remain(ed) constant / remain(ed)

unchanged / remain(ed) stable / prevail(ed) No change, a flat, a plateau.
consistency / plateaued / reach(ed) a plateau /
stay(ed) uniform /immutable / level(ed) out/
stabilise/ remain(ed) the same.
 Examples:

1. The overall sale of the company increased by 20% at the end of the year.
2. The expenditure of the office remained constant for the last 6 months but the profit rose by almost 25%.
3. There was a 15% drop in the ratio of student enrollment in this University.
4. The population of the country remained almost the same as it was 2 years ago.
5. The population of these two cities increase significantly in the last two decades and it is expected that it will
remain stable during the next 5 years.
 Tips:

1. Use 'improve' / 'an improvement' to describe a situation like economic

condition or employment status. To denote numbers use other verbs/nouns
like increase.
2. Do not use the same word/ phrase over and over again. In fact, you should
not use a noun or verb form to describe a trend/change more than twice; once
is better!
3. To achieve a high band score you need to use a variety of vocabulary as well
as sentence formations.
 Rapid dramatically / dramatic / rapid / sharp / quick / hurried
Vocabulary to change rapidly / sharply / / speedy / swift / significant /
represent changes in quickly / hurriedly considerable / substantial / noticable.
/ speedily / swiftly
graphs: / significantly/
considerably /
substantioally /
noticably.

Moderate moderately / moderate / gradual / progressive / sequential.

change gradually /
progressively /
sequentially.

Steady steadily/ ceaselessly. steady/ ceaseless.

change

Slight slightly / slowly / slight / slow / mild / tedious.

change mildly / tediously.
 1. The economic inflation of the country increased sharply by
Examples:
20% in 2008.
2. There was a sharp drop in the industrial production in the
year 2009.
3. The demand for new houses dramatically increased in 2002.
4. The population of the country dramatically increased in the
last decade. 5. The price of the oil moderately increased during
the last quarter but as a consequence, the price of daily
necessity rapidly went up.
 Vocabulary to represent frequent changes
in graphs:

Rapid ups wave / fluctuate / waves / fluctuations /

and downs oscillate / oscillations / vacillations
vacillate / / palpitations
palpitate
 Examples:

• 1. The price of the goods fluctuated during the first three months in 2017.
• 2. The graph shows the oscillations of the price from 1998 to 2002.
• 3. The passenger number in this station oscillates throughout the day and in early morning and
evening, it remains busy.
• 4. The changes of car production in Japan shows a palpitation for the second quarter of the year.
• 5. The number of students in debate clubs fluctuated in different months of the year and rapid
ups and downs could be observed in the last three months of this year.
 Tips:
• DO NOT try to present every single data presented in a graph. Rather pick
5-7 most significant and important trends/ changes and show their
comparisons and contrasts.
• The question asks you to write a report and summarise the data presented in
graphs(s). This is why you need to show the comparisons, contrasts, show
the highest and lowest points and most striking features in your answer, not
every piece of data presented in the diagram(s).
 Types of Changes/ Differences and
Vocabulary to present them:
• Great change / Huge difference: • Medium change / Moderate
difference:
• Adjectives Adverbs
• Overwhelming Overwhelmingly
• Adjectives Adverbs
Substantial Substantially • Somewhat Somewhat
Enormous Enormously Moderate Moderately
• Big change / Big difference: • Minor change / Small difference:
• Adjectives Adverbs • Adjectives Adverbs
• Significant Significantly • Fractional Fractionally
Considerable Considerably Marginal Marginally
Slight Slightly
 Dates, Months & Years related vocabulary and
grammar:

» From 1990 to 2000, Commencing from 1980, Between 1995 and 2005, After 2012.
» By 1995, In 1998, In February, Over the period, During the period, During 2011.
» In the first half of the year, For the first quarter, The last quarter of the year,
During the first decade.
» In the 80s, In the 1980s, During the next 6 months, In the mid-70s, Next 10 years,
Previous year, Next year, Between 1980 - 1990.
» Within a time span of ten years, within five years.
» Next month, Next quarter, Next year, Previous month, Previous year.
» Since, Then, From.
 Percentages:
10% increase, 25 percent decrease, increased by 15%, dropped by 10 per cent, fall at 50%,
reached to 75%, tripled, doubled, one-fourth, three-quarters, half, double fold, treble, 5
times higher, 3 timers lower, declined to about 49%, stood exactly at 43%.
Percentage,
Fractions:
Portion and 4% = A tiny fraction.
Numbers: 24% = Almost a quarter.
25% Exactly a quarter.
26% = Roughly one quarter.
32% Nearly one-third, nearly a third.
49% = Around a half, just under a half.
50% Exactly a half.
51% = Just over a half.
73% = Nearly three quarters.
77% = Approximately three quarter, more than three-quarter.
79% = Well over three quarters.
Proportions:
2% = A tiny portion, a very small proportion.
4% = An insignificant minority, an insignificant proportion.
16% = A small minority, a small portion.
70% = A large proportion.
72% = A significant majority, A significant proportion.89% = A very large proportion.
89% = A very large proportion.
 Words/ Phrases of Approximation -
Vocabulary:

• » Approximately • » Just over

» Nearly » Just under
» Roughly » Just around
» Almost » Just about
» About » Just below
» Around » A little more than
» More or less » A little less than.
 Vocabulary to represent the highest and
lowest points in graphs:
Type Verb Noun
Highest Point peaked / culminated / climaxed / a (/the) peak / a (/the) pinnacle /
reach the peak / hit the peak / a (/the) vertex / the highest
touch the highest point / reach the point/ an (/the) apex / a (/the)
vertex/ reach the apex summit, a (/the) top, a (/the)
pinnacle, a (/the) acme, a (/the)
zenith,
Lowest Point touch the lowest point / get the the lowest point / the lowest
lowest point / reached the nadir mark / bottommost point / rock
bottom point/ bottommost mark
/ nadir/ the all-time low/ the
lowest level/ the bottom/ rock-
bottom
 Examples:

1. The price of the oil reached a peak amounting $20 in February and again touched the lowest
point amounting only $10 in July.
2. Student enrollment in foreign Universities and Colleges increased dramatically hitting a peak of
over 20 thousand in 2004.
3. The highest number of books was sold in July while it was lowest in December.
4. The oil price reached a peak in 2003 while it was lowest in 2006.
5. The selling volume of the DVD hit the peak with 2 million copies sold in a month but after just
three months it reached the bottom with only 20 thousand sold in a month.
 Vocabulary to show fluctuations/ups and
downs/ rise and fall in Verb forms:

• Be erratic
• Rise and fall erratically
• Changes sporadically
• Rise and fall irregularly
• Changes Intermittently
Date, month & year related Vocabulary and
Grammatical rules:
• Between ...(year/ month)... and ...(year/ month)...
• From ...(year/ month/ day/date)... to ...(year/ month/day/date)...
• In ...(year/ month)...
• On ...(day/ day of the week/ a date)...
• At ......, In ......, By ......
• During ... (year)...
• Over the period/ over the century/ later half of the year/ the year...
• Over the next/ past/ previous ........ days/ weeks/ months/ years/ decades...
 Presenting Percentages:

• You can present "a percentage data" in one of the three different ways. It
is suggested that you use all these formats in your report writing instead
of repeating the same style to show percentages in your writing.
• % = In percentage / in %. (20%, 25 percentage, ten per cent etc.)
% = In proportion. (two out of five, every student out of three etc.)
% = In fraction. (one-third, two-fifth, a quarter etc.)
 Vocabulary to show how many times...

• » Exactly the same. • » Four times

» Roughly the same » Five times
» Practically the same » Ten times
» Twice » Hundred times.
» Thrice
 Vocabulary to show how much changed...

» Halved » Hexadrupled (sixfold /six times)

» Equalled » Septupled (sevenfold /seven
» Doubled times)
» Trebled / tripled » Octupled (Eightfold/eight times)
» Nonupled (Ninefold/ nine times)
» Quadrupled (fourfold /four times) Centupled (hundredfold/ hundred
» Pentadrupled (fivefold /five times) times)
 Vocabulary to represent comparison in
graphs:
Type Word(s) should be used
Similar about / almost / nearly / roughly / approximately / around /
just about / very nearly /
Just over just above / just over / just bigger / just beyond / just across
Just short just below / just beneath / just sort / just under / just a little
Much more well above / well above / well beyond / well across / well over
Much less well below / well under / well short / well beneath
 Examples:

• The number of high-level women executives is well beneath than the number of male executives in this
organisation, where approximately 2000 people work in executive levels.
• About 1000 people died in the highway car accident in 2003 which is well above than the statistics of all
other years.
• The number of domestic violence cases was just below 500 in March which is just a little over than the
previous months.
• The average rainfall in London in 2014 was just above than the average of two other cities.
• The salaries of male executives in three out of four companies were well above than the salaries of female
executives in 1998.
 Expressions to focus on an item in the
graph:
• Use the following expression to focus on an item in the graph.

» With regards to
» In the case of
» As for
» Turning to
» When it comes to ..... it/ they .....
» Where ... is/are concerned,......
» Regarding
 Compare and contrast:
Useful Vocabulary to make Comparison and Contrast:
• » Similarly, In a similar fashion, In the same way, Same as, As much as, Meanwhile.
• » However, On the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast.
• Examples:
• The fast food items in uptown restaurants were comparatively cheaper than that of city restaurants.
• The largest proportion of water was used in the agriculture sector in most of the Asian countries while the European
countries used the highest percentage of water for industrial purposes.
• The price of the book in store A is cheaper than the price of store B.
• The temperature decreased further and that made the weather condition worse.
• The temperature was better in the mid-April but in mid-July, it became worse.
• Customers were happier than now, according to the survey, as the price was cheaper in 1992.
• The overall production level of this company made the authority happier as it was doubled in the last quarter of the year.
 Vocabulary to present Linkers:
• However,
• On the other hand,
• Similarly,
• On the contrary,
• Meanwhile,
• In contrast,
• By comparison.
Vocabulary to show that something/a trend
is similar or the same:
• Use the following vocabularies if both subjects are the same/ identical:
Identical to/ Identical with ...
... Equal to with ...
... Exactly the same ...
... The same as ...
... Precisely the same ...
... Absolutely the same ...
... just the same as ...
Vocabulary to show that something/a trend
is similar or the same:

• Use the following vocabularies if both subjects are not identical but
similar:
... Almost the same as ...
... Nearly the same as ...
... Practically the same as ...
... Almost identical/ similar ...
... About the same as ...
Way to show that something/a trend is just
the reverse/opposite:

• » The reverse is the case...

• » It is quite the opposite/ reverse...

 Words to make a comparison / contrast:

• A bit/ slightly/ a little/ only just/ approximately/

about/ almost/ precisely/ quite/ nearly/
considerably/ a huge/ a great deal/ quite a lot/
completely/ exactly...
 Examples:
• » This year the population growth of the country is slightly higher
than the previous year.
» This year the population grown is almost twice than that of 2007.
» Sale of the company has increased quite a lot this year.
Using Appropriate
• » Papers are sold by the ream.
Prepositions: » Oranges are purchased and sold by the dozen.
» Students enrollment in the University has increased by 2% this year.
» Eggs are counted in dozens.
» Rice is measured in kg.
» He is junior to me by 4 years.
» The employees are paid per week in this factory.
» All these products are made of glasses.
• Vocabulary - Using the appropriate "Prepositions":
» It started at..., The sale started at $20..., It peaked at...
» It reached at/to..., It reached the lowest point /nadir at...
»It increased to 80 from 58. It decreased from 10 to 3.
»There was a drop of six units. It dropped by 3 units.
»It declined by 15%. There was a 10% drop in the next three years.
 Informal Formal
Formal and
Go up Increase
Informal
expressions Go down Decrease
and words: Look at Examine
Find about Discover
Point out Indicate
Need to Required
Get Obtain
Think about Consider
Seem Appear
Show demonstrate/illustrate
 Informal Formal
Formal and
Start Commence
Informal
expressions Keep Retain
and words: But However
So Therefore/Thus
Also In addition/Additionally
In the meantime In the interim
In the end Finally
Anyway Notwithstanding
Lots of/ a lot of Much, many
Kids Children
 Increase:

• A growth: There was a growth in the earning of the people of the city at the end of the
year.
An increase: Between the noon and evening, there was an increase in the temperature of
the coast area and this was probably because of the availability of the sunlight at that time.
A rise: A rise of the listener in the morning can be observed from the bar graph.
An improvement: The data show that there was an improvement in traffic condition
between 11:00 am till 3:00 pm.
A progress: There was a progress in the law and order of the city during the end of the last
year.
 Rapid Increase:

• A surge: From the presented information, it is clear that there was a surge in
the number of voters in 1990 compared to the data given for the previous
years.
• A rapid increase/ a rapid growth/ a rapid improvement: There was a
rapid growth in the stock value of the company ABC during the December
of the last year.
 Adjective used before nouns to show the big changes

• Rapid, Sudden, Steady, Noticeable, Mentionable,

Tremendous, huge, enormous, massive, vast,
gigantic, monumental, incredible, fabulous, great
 Highest:
A/ The peak: Visitors number reached a peak in 2008 and it exceeded 2 million.
Top/ highest/ maximum: The oil prices reached the top/ highest in 1981 during the war.
N.B: Some of the words to present the highest/ top of something are given below:
Apex, pyramid, zenith, acme, obelisk, climax, needle, spire, vertex, summit, tower, most, greatest, max,
tops, peak, height, crown...

• Changes: • Steadiness:
• A fluctuation: There was a fluctuation Stability: The data from the line graph show a stability of the
of the passenger numbers who used the price in the retail market from January till June for the given year.
railway transportation during the year A plateau: As is presented in the line graph, there was a plateau
of the oil price from 1985 to 1990.
2003 to 2004.
A variation: A variation on the shopping • Decrease:
habit of teenagers can be observed from
the data. A fall: There was a fall in the price of the energy bulbs in 2010
A disparately/ dissimilarity/ an which was less than $5.
inconsistency: The medicine tested A decline: A decline occurred after June and the production
reached to 200/day for the next three months.
among the rabbits shows an A decrease: After the initial four years, the company’s share price
inconsistency of the effect it had. increased, and there was a decrease in the bearish market.
 Verbs Nouns
Using 'Nouns'
and 'Verbs' to » Increased (to) An increase
describe trends » Rose (to) A rise
» Climbed (to) An upward trend
in a graph: » Went up (to) A growth
» Surge A surge
» Boomed (to) A boom / a dramatic increase.
» Decreased (to) A decrease
» Declined (to) A decline
» Fell (to) A fall
» Reduce (to) A reduction
» Dipped (to)
» Dropped (to) A drop
» Went down (to) A downward trend
Using 'Nouns' Verbs Nouns
and 'Verbs' to » Plunge
describe trends » Slumped (to) A slum / a dramatic fall.
in a graph: » Plummeted (to)
» Remained stable (at)
» Remained static (at)
» Remained steady (at)
» Stayed constant (at)
» Levelled out (at) A level out
» Did not change No change
» Remained unchanged No change
» Maintained the same level
» Plateaued (at) A plateau
Using 'Nouns'
and 'Verbs' to
describe trends
Verbs Nouns
in a graph:
» Fluctuated (around) A fluctuation
» Oscillated An oscillation
» Peaked (at) The peak/ apex/ zenith/ summit/ the highest point
» Bottomed (at) The lowest point/ the bottom/ bottommost point
Use 'adjective' to modify the • Examples:
'Noun' form of a trend and 1. The number of male doctors in this city was
use 'adverb' to modify the greater than the number of female doctors.
'verb' form of a trend. 2. The number of European programmers who
attended the seminar was fewer than the number of
Greater or Higher?
Asian programmers.
3. The percentage of male doctors in this city was
We usually use 'greater' when we
compare two numbers, and 'higher'
higher than the percentage of female doctors.
while comparing two percentages 4. During 2010, the inflow of illegal immigrants
or ratio. Reversely, 'smaller or fewer' was lower than that of 2012.
could be used to compare two 5. the birth rate in Japan in 2014 was higher than
numbers and 'lower' to compare the birth rate in 2015.
two percentages or ratios.
Vocabulary to compare to what extent / to (/by)
what degree something is greater/higher than
the other
• » Overwhelmingly, Substantially, Significantly. Considerably.
» Moderately, Markedly.
» Hardly, Barely, Slightly, Fractionally, Marginally.
 Vocabulary to show the sequence:

• » Subsequently, Respectively, Consecutively, Sequentially.

» Previous, Next, First, Second, Third, Finally, Former, Latter.
 Tips:
• "The market shares of HTC, Huawei, Samsung, Apple and Nokia in 2010 were 12%, 7%, 20%, 16%
and 4% globally."
This above sentence makes it ambiguous to understand which mobile brand had what percentage of
market share. If there are more than 2 values/ figures, you should always use 'consecutively/ sequentially/
respectively'. Using either of these words would eliminate any doubt about the above sentence as it will
clearly state that the percentages of market shares mentioned here would match the mobile brands
sequentially (i.e. first one for the first brand, the second one for the second brand and so on.)
"The market shares of HTC, Huawei, Samsung, Apple and Nokia in 2010 were 12%, 7%, 20%, 16%
and 4% respectively in the global market."
Note: You do not need to use 'consecutively/ sequentially/ respectively' if there are only two values
to write.
 Vocabulary to show transitions:

• Vocabulary to describe different types of data/trends in a paragraph while

showing a smooth and accurate transition is quite important. Following
word(s)/ phrase(s) would help you do so in an excellent way...
 Vocabulary to show transitions:

• » Then • » After
» Afterwards » Previous
» Following that » Prior to
» Followed by » Simultaneously
» Next » During
» Subsequently » While
» Former » Finally.
» Latter
 Few more useful vocabulary to use in your
report writing:

• » Stood at • » Drastic
» A marked increase » Declivity
» Steep » Acclivity
» Gradual » Prevalent
» Hike » Plummet
 Useful phrases for describing graphs:

• » To level off • » To flatten out

» To reach a plateau » To show some fluctuation
» To hit the highest point » To hit the lowest point
» To stay constant » Compared to
» Compared with
» Relative to
• Adjectives: • Adverbs:
» Rapid, Quick, Sharp, Swift, Sudden, Wild. » Rapidly, Quickly, Sharply, Swiftly,
» Steady, Gradual, Moderate Suddenly, Wildly.
» Slow, Gentle. » Steadily, Gradually, Moderately
» Slowly, Gently.
• » Significant, Huge, Enormous, Steep,
Substantial, Considerable, Marked, Dramatic, • » Significantly, Hugely, Enormously,
Abrupt. Steeply, Substantially, Considerably,
» Moderate, Slight. Markedly, Dramatically, Abruptly.
» Minimum (singular), Minima (plural) » Moderately, Slightly.
» Minimally