Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024

120 MCQs
These questions are sourced from GKToday’s Current Affairs 2024-25 Daily 20 MCQ Series in GKToday
Academy Android Application.

1. Recently, where was the Global Fintech Fest (GFF) 2024 held?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Mumbai
[C] Chennai
[D] Hyderabad
Answer: Mumbai
Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed Global Fintech Fest (GFF) 2024 held at the Jio World Convention
Centre in Mumbai. The event is organized jointly by the Payments Council of India, the National Payments
Corporation of India (NPCI), and the Fintech Convergence Council (FCC). The GFF is considered one of the
world’s largest gatherings of fintech startups, investors, experts, bankers, and regulators from around the
globe.
2. Recently, which armed force has launched 'Project Naman' to support veterans and their families?
[A] Indian Air Force
[B] Indian Army
[C] Indian Navy
[D] National Security Guard
Answer: Indian Army
The Indian Army launched Project NAMAN to support Defence Pensioners, Veterans, and their families. The
project is based on the SPARSH digital pension system, simplifying pension processes for Defence
personnel. Reception and facilitation centers were set up through an MoU between the Indian Army, CSC e-
Governance India Limited, and HDFC Bank. These centers offer SPARSH-enabled pension services and other
citizen services at one location. In the first phase, 14 centers were established in key cities like New Delhi,
Jalandhar, and Bangalore. Village Level Entrepreneurs (VLEs), often veterans, manage these centers with
HDFC Bank's financial support.

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
3. Which Indian Naval Ship recently participated in a Maritime Partner Exercise (MPE) with Spanish ship
Atalaya?
[A] INS Arihant
[B] INS Mumbai
[C] INS Tabar
[D] INS Kaveri
Answer: INS Tabar
INS Tabar conducted a Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) with the Spanish Navy's Ship Atalaya in the
Mediterranean Sea. The exercise signifies India's naval outreach and marks a milestone in maritime
cooperation between India and Spain. The MPX included advanced exercises like Station Keeping,
Replenishment at Sea Approaches, Flying Exercise, Steam Past, and PHOTOEX. Both navies showed high
professionalism and commitment, reinforcing strong bilateral naval ties and enhancing cooperation in the
maritime domain.
4. Which state's tourism recently won the PATA Gold Award 2024 for innovative 'Holiday Heist' campaign?
[A] Rajasthan
[B] Gujarat
[C] Kerala
[D] Andhra Pradesh
Answer: Kerala
Kerala Tourism won the PATA Gold Award 2024 for its ‘Holiday Heist’ online contest in the Digital Marketing
Campaign category. The campaign, launched in July 2023, used a bidding game on the WhatsApp ChatBot
‘Maya’ to attract tourists. Over 80,000 bids were made by travellers across India to visit Kerala's prime
destinations at low prices. The campaign generated more than 45 million impressions and over 13 million
video views. Some participants won tour packages worth ₹30,000 for just ₹5. Kerala Tourism received the
award in Bangkok on August 28, 2024.
5. Satkosia Tiger Reserve, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Odisha
[B] Haryana
[C] Kerala
[D] Tamil Nadu
Answer: Odisha
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) approved the resumption of the big cat relocation project
in Satkosia Tiger Reserve, Odisha, after a four-and-a-half-year suspension. Satkosia Tiger Reserve is located
in Odisha, spanning four districts: Angul, Cuttack, Boudh, and Nayagarh. It covers 1,136.70 sq. km., with a
core area of 523.61 sq. km., and is part of the Mahanadi Elephant Reserve. The reserve is a meeting point of
the Deccan Peninsula and Eastern Ghats regions. The terrain is hilly with slopes and valleys; the Mahanadi
River flows through it.
6. Hrim-2 ballistic missile, recently seen in the news, is developed by which country?
[A] India
[B] China
[C] Japan
[D] Ukraine
Answer: Ukraine
Ukraine successfully tested its first ballistic missile, named Hrim-2, developed by its defense industry.
Hrim-2, also known as Grim, Grom, or OTRK Sapsan, is a Ukrainian short-range ballistic missile system. It
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
combines the features of a tactical missile system and a multiple rocket launcher. The export version of
Hrim-2 has a range limited to 280 km to comply with international regulations. For Ukraine’s military, the
missile’s range is extended to 700 km. The Sapsan system features a 10-wheeled launcher that carries two
missiles and can evade modern air defenses, similar to Russia’s Iskander missile.
7. Nazca Ridge, recently seen in the news, is a submarine ridge located in which ocean?
[A] Indian Ocean
[B] Arctic Ocean
[C] Pacific Ocean
[D] Atlantic Ocean
Answer: Pacific Ocean
Oceanographers found a new seamount on the Nazca Ridge, 900 miles off Chile’s coast. Nazca Ridge is a
submarine ridge in the southeastern Pacific Ocean near South America. It is around 1,100 kilometers long
and varies in width. The ridge starts at the Nazca Plate off Peru and extends southwest towards Easter
Island, Chile. It was created by volcanic activity from a hotspot in the Earth's mantle. The ridge consists of
unusually thick basaltic ocean crust. It is tectonically active, subducting beneath the South American Plate
at the Peru-Chile Trench.
8. Which state will host the 'Women’s Asian Champions Trophy 2024' in November?
[A] Bihar
[B] Haryana
[C] Uttar Pradesh
[D] Odisha
Answer: Bihar
The Women's Asian Champions Trophy hockey tournament in 2024 will be held in Rajgir, Bihar, from
November 11-20. This event is a milestone for Bihar, as it will take place at the newly-developed Rajgir
Hockey Stadium. Top Asian teams, including India, China, Japan, and Korea, will compete in the
tournament. The event highlights Bihar's commitment to promoting hockey and hosting international sports.
The inauguration of the stadium and the support from local leaders showcase Bihar’s readiness for global
events.
9. Which city of Nepal recently recognized as a 'healthy city' by the World Health Organization?
[A] Bharatpur
[B] Biratnagar
[C] Dhulikhel
[D] Dharan
Answer: Dhulikhel
Dhulikhel, Nepal, is the first city in the country to be recognized as a "healthy city" by the World Health
Organization (WHO). Dhulikhel is located in the Kavrepalanchok district, about 18 miles from Kathmandu.
The WHO monitored Dhulikhel for two years before making the announcement in August 2024. The WHO's
decision was based on factors like environmental improvements, progress in primary health care, and
access to health for poor citizens. Dhulikhel was also named the second healthiest city in Asia.
10. Who has been appointed as the new Cabinet Secretary for the Government of India?
[A] Alok Banerjee
[B] T.V. Somanathan
[C] S.C. Majumdar
[D] Rinku Dugga

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
Answer: T.V. Somanathan
TV Somanathan has been appointed as the 33rd Cabinet Secretary of India. He succeeded Rajiv Gauba, the
longest-serving Cabinet Secretary since August 2019. Rajiv Gauba, a 1982 batch IAS officer, got three one-
year extensions until August 2024. The government amended retirement rules to extend Gauba's term.
Before Gauba, Pradeep Kumar Sinha held the longest term as Cabinet Secretary for over four years.
Somanathan, a 1987 batch Tamil Nadu cadre IAS officer, was previously Finance Secretary and Expenditure
Secretary. He has a PhD in Economics, is a Chartered Accountant, and has held significant roles in Tamil
Nadu and the World Bank.
11. What is "Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD)", recently seen in news?
[A] Fungus disease of Birds
[B] Viral disease of livestock
[C] Plant disease
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Viral disease of livestock
The Union government has decided to establish foot-and-mouth disease-free zones in eight states:
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra, and
Gujarat. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral illness affecting livestock such as cattle,
swine, sheep, and goats, but not horses, dogs, or cats. It impacts livestock production and disrupts trade
but poses no human health or food safety risk. FMD is caused by an aphthovirus and has seven strains.
Immunity to one strain does not protect against others. The disease spreads through excretions and
secretions, with high transmission rates in young animals but low fatality in adults.
12. Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Odisha
[C] Gujarat
[D] Rajasthan
Answer: Uttar Pradesh
Poachers killed two chitals in Pilibhit Tiger Reserve (PTR) and stole a rifle from a forest guard. It is located
in Uttar Pradesh's Pilibhit, Lakhimpur Kheri, and Bahraich districts. It lies near the India-Nepal border, in the
foothills of the Himalayas and the Terai plains. The Gomti River originates from Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, with
other rivers like Sharda also flowing through it. The reserve has a North Indian moist deciduous type of
vegetation. It experiences a hot and dry climate with dry teak forests. Chitals, common in Indian forests,
inhabit subtropical grasslands and forests across South Asia.
13. What is the primary responsibility of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), recently in news?
[A] Environmental protection
[B] Economic development
[C] Maintenance of international peace and security
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Maintenance of international peace and security
India should be given a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) for its rightful place,
according to former Singapore diplomat Kishore Mahbubani. The UNSC is one of the five main
organizations of the United Nations, responsible for maintaining global peace and security. All UN member
states must follow UNSC decisions. The UNSC identifies threats to peace, urges peaceful dispute
resolution, and may impose sanctions or authorize military action. It has 15 members: five permanent (P5)
with veto power (UK, China, France, Russia, USA) and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
terms. UNSC headquarters is in New York City.
14. Recently, which ministry of India has recommended imposing an anti-dumping duty on aluminium foil
imported from China?
[A] Ministry of Power
[B] Ministry of Home Affairs
[C] Ministry of External Affairs
[D] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
Answer: Ministry of Commerce and Industry
The Union Ministry of Commerce and Industry recommended an anti-dumping duty on aluminium foil
imported from China. Anti-dumping duty is a tariff imposed on foreign imports priced below fair market
value. Dumping occurs when a product is exported at a price lower than in its domestic market. The duty
matches the price difference between the import price and market value in the exporting or other similar
markets. It aims to protect local businesses from unfair competition by foreign imports. The World Trade
Organization (WTO) allows anti-dumping measures to ensure fair competition. Legal action requires
evidence of genuine harm to domestic industries.
15. Uri-II hydroelectric power plant, recently seen in the news, is located on which river?
[A] Jhelum River
[B] Chenab River
[C] Ravi River
[D] Tawi River
Answer: Jhelum River
The Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) has postponed granting Environmental Clearance (EC) for Stage-II of
the Uri-I Hydroelectric Project. The Uri-I Hydroelectric Project is located on the Jhelum River in Uri town,
Baramulla district, Jammu & Kashmir. It is close to the Line of Control (LOC) between India and Pakistan.
Commissioned in 1997, the project has an installed capacity of 480 MW. The plant is owned by the Central
Government and operated by the National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Limited (NHPC). It has four
units, each with a capacity of 120 MW.
16. Which state government has launched the 'Mahtari Vandana Yojana', recently seen in news?
[A] Gujarat
[B] Chhattisgarh
[C] Tamil Nadu
[D] Kerala
Answer: Chhattisgarh
Chief Minister of Chhattisgarh Vishnu Dev Sahay announced that on September 2, during the Tija-Pora
festival, he will release the 7th installment of the Mahtari Vandan Scheme. The scheme will provide Rs.
1,000 each to 7 million eligible women. Eligibility includes Chhattisgarh residents aged 21+ as of January 1,
2024, including married, widowed, divorced, or abandoned women, excluding income taxpayers and
government employees. Tija-Pora celebrates the role of bulls and buffaloes in farming, marking the end of
the agricultural season. The Government of Chhattisgarh introduced the Mahtari Vandana Yojana to provide
financial aid to women in need. The scheme was initiated by the Prime Minister of India. It aims to support
women in Chhattisgarh by offering financial benefits to those who qualify.
17. What is 'Parkinson’s disease', recently mentioned in news?
[A] Neurodegenerative disease
[B] Cardiovascular disease

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[C] Plant disease
[D] Respiratory disease
Answer: Neurodegenerative disease
Researchers explored mitochondrial dynamics to treat Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder
caused by brain cell death. Environmental toxins and toxic proteins, like those in Manganese-induced
Parkinsonism, cause mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction. The study found that inhibiting
Dynamin-related protein (Drp1) activity could restore mitochondrial function, offering a potential treatment.
Drp1 is a protein that aids in mitochondrial division for better mobility and quality control. However,
excessive Drp1 activity leads to too much division, resulting in fragmented and impaired mitochondria.
18. Recently, which state government has been launched ‘Project Bhediya’ to capture wolves?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Odisha
[C] Bihar
[D] Haryana
Answer: Uttar Pradesh
A recent man-eating wolf attack in Bahraich, Uttar Pradesh, has put about 35 villages on high alert. Forest
officials have launched 'Project Bhediya' to capture the wolves involved. India has two wolf species: the
Indian Wolf in peninsular regions and the Himalayan Wolf in the upper trans-Himalayan ranges. Wolves are
highly social, living in packs of 6-8, running at high speeds, and maintaining a male dominance hierarchy.
They communicate through vocalizations and scent-marking. Grey Wolf is listed as Least Concern by IUCN,
while the Himalayan Wolf is Vulnerable; both are protected under Schedule I of WPA, 1974.
19. Which day is observed as 'World Coconut Day (WCD)' annually?
[A] 1 september
[B] 2 September
[C] 3 September
[D] 4 September
Answer: 2 September
World Coconut Day is observed every year on September 2nd to highlight the importance of coconuts. It
aims to raise awareness about various uses of coconuts and promote sustainable farming practices. The
theme for World Coconut Day 2024 is “Coconut for a Circular Economy: Building Partnership for Maximum
Value.” The day was first celebrated in 2009, initiated by the International Coconut Community (ICC), a
UNESCAP intergovernmental body. The ICC includes 21 coconut-producing countries, with India as a
founding member. The ICC's headquarters is located in Jakarta, Indonesia, and it was known as the Asian
and Pacific Coconut Community until 2018.
20. What is 'Ophiocordyceps unilateralis', recently seen in news?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Fish
[C] Virus
[D] Fungus
Answer: Fungus
Wildlife researcher Chris Ketola shared a video of a tarantula infected by a zombie fungus called
Ophiocordyceps unilateralis. This fungus drains its host of nutrients and fills its body with spores for
reproduction. The fungus takes control of the host's mind and motor functions, then eats away at the body.
Cordyceps fungi mainly infect invertebrates, especially insects like ants and spiders. Tarantulas are large,
hairy spiders belonging to the Theraphosidae family. Over 900 species of tarantulas exist worldwide, except
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
in Antarctica. Tarantulas are nocturnal predators with an average body length of 5 inches and a leg span of
up to 11 inches.
21. Recently, who took over as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force?
[A] Air Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh
[B] Air Marshal VR Chaudhari
[C] Air Marshal Tejinder Singh
[D] Air Marshal Arjan Singh
Answer: Air Marshal Tejinder Singh
Air Marshal Tejinder Singh became the Deputy Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force in New Delhi.
After taking his new position, he paid tribute to fallen soldiers at the National War Memorial. Tejinder Singh
is an alumnus of the National Defence Academy and joined the IAF fighter stream on June 13, 1987. He is a
Category ‘A’ Qualified Flying Instructor with over 4,500 flying hours. He studied at the Defence Service Staff
College and National Defence College. He has commanded a Fighter Squadron, a Radar Station, a Fighter
Base, and was Air Officer Commanding in Jammu and Kashmir. He received the Vayu Sena Medal in 2007
and the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2022.
22. eShram Portal, recently seen in the news, was launched by which ministry?
[A] Ministry of Home Affairs
[B] Ministry of Labour and Employment
[C] Ministry of Rural Development
[D] Ministry of Finance
Answer: Ministry of Labour and Employment
The Ministry of Labour & Employment launched the eShram portal on 26th August 2021. In just three years,
over 30 crore unorganised workers registered on eShram, showing rapid adoption. The portal aims to be a
"One-Stop-Solution" for unorganised workers, integrating with other platforms. This integration was
highlighted in the 2024-25 Budget speech to improve access to social security schemes. eShram will help
unorganised workers access schemes like PMJJBY, PMSBY, AB-PMJAY, and others. A two-way integration
with the Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) is also underway to enhance service accessibility.
23. 'Exercise Varuna', recently seen in the news, is the bilateral naval exercise between India and which
country?
[A] Russia
[B] Australia
[C] Sri Lanka
[D] France
Answer: France
The 2024 edition of Indo-French bilateral naval 'Exercise Varuna' held in the Mediterranean Sea from
September 2-4, 2024, involving advanced tactical exercises. The Indian Navy’s P-8I aircraft landed at Air
Base 125 Istres-Le Tube in France for its first-ever European deployment. This was for the 22nd edition of
Exercise Varuna with the French Navy. The last time an Indian Navy aircraft flew in France was 63 years ago
when the Alize aircraft from INS Vikrant operated at Hyeres Airbase. The India-France naval exercise began
in 1993, was named ‘Varuna’ in 2001, and reflects a strong strategic partnership between the two countries.
24. Durand cup, recently seen in the news, is associated with which sports?
[A] Basketball
[B] Football
[C] Hockey

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[D] Cricket
Answer: Football
NorthEast United FC won its first Durand Cup title by beating Mohun Bagan Super Giant 4-3 in a penalty
shootout. The final was held at Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan in Kolkata on 31 August 2024. The
133rd Durand Cup, Asia’s oldest football tournament, was played in Kolkata, Kokrajhar, Jamshedpur, and
Shillong from 27 July to 31 August 2024. Mohun Bagan, with 17 Durand Cup wins, couldn't defend its title.
Mohun Bagan led with two first-half goals, but NorthEast United equalized with two second-half goals. In the
penalty shootout, NEUFC’s goalkeeper Gurmeet Singh made two crucial saves for the win.The Durand Cup is
Asia's oldest football tournament, and the 2024 edition was its 133rd year. NEUFC, based in Guwahati,
Assam, is the only club from the Northeast in the Indian Super League.
25. What is the primary objective of the 'Colombo Security Conclave (CSC)', recently seen in news?
[A] To promote economic trade among member states
[B] To promote regional security by addressing transnational threats
[C] To establish a common currency for member states
[D] To develop a regional space program
Answer: To promote regional security by addressing transnational threats
Colombo Security Conclave (CSC) member states signed a Charter and MoU to establish the CSC
Secretariat in Colombo. CSC is a regional security group that includes India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka,
Maldives, and Mauritius. Its main goal is to enhance regional security by addressing shared transnational
threats. CSC started as the Trilateral for Maritime Security Cooperation in 2011, involving India, Maldives,
and Sri Lanka. Tensions between India and the Maldives paused its activities after 2014. Revived and
renamed in 2020, Mauritius and Bangladesh joined as members, with Seychelles as an observer. CSC
meetings include National Security Advisors and their deputies.
26. Grom-E1 missile, recently seen in the news, is developed by which country?
[A] China
[B] France
[C] Russia
[D] Japan
Answer: Russia
Russian troops recently used a Grom-E1 hybrid missile to hit Kharkiv, Ukraine. The Grom-E1 is a modernized
weapon based on the Soviet-era Kh-38 missile. It was developed by Russia and first introduced in 2018. The
Grom-E1 combines features of both a missile and an aerial bomb. It has a maximum range of 120 km, with a
high-explosive warhead and a contact detonator. A variant with a thermobaric design can detonate at high
altitudes. The effectiveness depends on the altitude and speed of the launching aircraft. It can be launched
from Russian aircraft like the MiG-35, Su-34, Su-35, and Su-57.
27. Which ministry recently launched the 'AgriSURE Fund' and 'Krishi Nivesh Portal' in New Delhi?
[A] Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
[B] Ministry of New & Renewable Energy
[C] Ministry of Rural Development
[D] Ministry of Power
Answer: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
Union Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan launched the AgriSURE Fund and
Krishi Nivesh Portal in New Delhi. He conferred the Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) Excellence Awards
to top-performing banks and states. The awards recognized and appreciated outstanding efforts in
agricultural infrastructure. Ministers of State and representatives from various states and banks attended
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
the event. The Ministry believed the award ceremony would inspire other banks to improve their
performance. The AIF was launched in 2022 to develop post-harvest management infrastructure and
community farming assets.
28. Recently, the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh inaugurated three-day Armed Forces Festival in which city?
[A] Kanpur
[B] Varanasi
[C] Lucknow
[D] Ayodhya
Answer: Lucknow
The three-day Armed Forces Festival began at Surya Khel Parisar in Lucknow Cantonment with much
enthusiasm. Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath inaugurated the festival. He praised the Indian
Armed Forces as unparalleled globally, recognized even by India's enemies. He highlighted Uttar Pradesh's
leading role in national defense efforts. The Defense Corridor in Uttar Pradesh provides significant
employment opportunities for youth. Over 8,000 people attended the festival, enjoying a display of the latest
military equipment. The exhibition showcased tanks, helicopters, artillery guns, and more, highlighting
India's technological advancements. The T-90 tank was a notable exhibit.
29. Recently, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj is organizing a five-day residential Management Development
Programme (MDP) with which institution?
[A] IIM Ahmedabad
[B] IIT Delhi
[C] IIM Amritsar
[D] IIT Kanpur
Answer: IIM Amritsar
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj and IIM Amritsar conducted a five-day Management Development
Programme. The program ran from 2nd to 6th September 2024. It included Elected Representatives and
Functionaries of Panchayati Raj Institutions from ten states. Participants came from Arunachal Pradesh,
Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar
Pradesh, and Uttarakhand. The aim was to strengthen leadership, management, and governance skills. The
initiative focused on improving local governance and enhancing Panchayat services. The program
supported the vision of a developed India.
30. Recently, how much fund has been approved for the Digital Agriculture Mission by the Union Cabinet of
India?
[A] Rs 500 Crore
[B] Rs 2,500 Crore
[C] Rs 2,817 Crore
[D] Rs 1,500 Crore
Answer: Rs 2,817 Crore
The Union Cabinet, chaired by the Prime Minister, approved the Digital Agriculture Mission with a budget of
Rs. 2817 Crore. The central share for this mission is Rs. 1940 Crore. The mission supports digital
agriculture initiatives through Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), Digital General Crop Estimation Survey
(DGCES), and other IT projects. Three main components under DPI are AgriStack, Krishi Decision Support
System (DSS), and Soil Profile Maps. These components aim to provide solutions for farmers to access
various services. AgriStack will include a Farmers’ Registry, Geo-referenced Village Maps, and a Crop Sown
Registry managed by state governments

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
31. ‘Nambike Nakshe’ scheme, recently seen in the news, is introduced by which state?
[A] Odisha
[B] Karnataka
[C] Tamil Nadu
[D] Gujarat
Answer: Karnataka
Bengaluru’s Deputy Chief Minister, D.K. Shivakumar, launched the ‘Nambike Nakshe’ scheme to streamline
building approvals. The scheme simplifies the process for properties up to 4,000 square feet within Bruhat
Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) areas. It allows property owners to obtain provisional approval for
building plans from certified architects or engineers. This change lets owners start planning their buildings
sooner, bypassing initial approval complexities. It benefits landowners in areas developed by the Bangalore
Development Authority and Karnataka Housing Board, often with plots around 50×80 feet.
32. Which state government recently passed 'Aparajita Women and Child Bill 2024'?
[A] Gujarat
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] West Bengal
[D] Assam
Answer: West Bengal
In response to a tragic crime of the rape and murder of a trainee doctor at RG Kar Medical Centre and
Hospital on August 9, the West Bengal Assembly passed the Aparajita Woman and Child (West Bengal
Criminal Laws Amendment) Bill, 2024, to strengthen protections for women and children. The bill amends
several criminal laws, including the Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita 2023 and the Protection of Children from Sexual
Offences Act 2012. It proposes harsher penalties for rape, including life imprisonment for the convict's
natural life or the death penalty. The bill mandates time-bound investigations of rape cases within 21 days.
It also imposes penalties for unauthorized publication of court proceedings and ensures convicts bear
victims' medical costs.
33. Which state assembly recently introduced a new legislative practice by launching "Zero Hour"?
[A] Manipur
[B] Himachal Pradesh
[C] Odisha
[D] West Bengal
Answer: Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly introduced Zero Hour for the first time in its proceedings. Zero
Hour, an Indian parliamentary invention from the Sixties, is gradually being adopted by state assemblies. It
is a convention, not a rule, and is not mentioned in the rules of Parliament or State Assemblies. Himachal
Pradesh Assembly Speaker, Kuldeep Singh Pathania, announced its introduction at the start of the monsoon
session on 3 September 2024. Zero Hour begins at 12:30 PM, after the Question Hour, and lasts for 30
minutes. During Zero Hour, members can raise urgent matters of public importance, with each member
getting about a minute to speak.
34. Bandipur Tiger Reserve, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Rajasthan
[B] Bihar
[C] Karnataka
[D] Telangana
Answer: Karnataka
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
An elephant patrol team recently rescued a tusker stuck in a rail barricade in the Maddur range of Bandipur
Tiger Reserve. Bandipur Tiger Reserve is located in Mysore and Chamarajanagar districts of Karnataka, at
the tri-junction of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. Geographically, it is an "ecological confluence" of the
Western and Eastern Ghats. The reserve was once a hunting ground for the Mysore kingdom rulers. It was
established as Venugopala Wildlife Park in 1931 by the Maharaja of Mysore and expanded as Bandipur
Tiger Reserve under Project Tiger in 1973. The reserve is bordered by the Kabini River to the north and the
Moyar River to the south. Bandipur experiences a tropical climate with distinct wet and dry seasons.
35. What is 'Drug Repurposing', recently mentioned in news?
[A] Modifying the chemical structure of drugs
[B] Using an existing drug for a new treatment or medical condition
[C] Increasing the dosage of drugs in treatment
[D] Combining different drugs for a new treatment
Answer: Using an existing drug for a new treatment or medical condition
Researchers have discovered that an antidepressant drug has potential for cancer management through
drug repurposing. Drug repurposing involves using existing drugs for new treatments or conditions not
originally intended. This process, also known as drug repositioning or reprofiling, identifies new uses for
drugs initially developed for different medical conditions. It is often an unexpected discovery with the goal
of finding compounds with established safety profiles that could be effective for other diseases.
Pharmaceutical companies use drug repurposing to address rare diseases, cancer, infections, autoimmune
diseases, and more. This approach can significantly reduce the time and cost compared to developing new
drugs from scratch.
36. Phrynarachne decipiens, recently seen in the news, belongs to which species?
[A] Spider
[B] Frog
[C] Snake
[D] Fish
Answer: Spider
Zoologists in Assam have recently added a new spider species, Phrynarachne decipiens, to India’s list of
arachnids. Commonly known as the bird dung or bird-dropping crab spider, it mimics bird excrement with its
web. Previously found in Malaysia and Indonesia's Java and Sumatra, it has now been recorded in Assam’s
Sonapur and Chirang Reserve Forest. The spider is usually motionless on the upper side of broad leaves,
blending in with its white, bird-dropping-like web. It features stout spermathecae, a reproductive organ in
females, with nearly touching posterior heads. The genus Phrynarachne has 35 accepted species; three
others were previously recorded and re-described from Assam.
37. Which state government recently introduced the "Brindavan Gram Scheme" and the "Gita Bhavan
Project"?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Gujarat
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D] Assam
Answer: Madhya Pradesh
The Madhya Pradesh government, led by Chief Minister Mohan Yadav, launched the 'Brindavan Gram'
scheme to develop model villages focused on cow protection and rural development. One gram panchayat
from each of the state's 313 blocks will be selected and renamed 'Brindavan Gram.' Each chosen village will
establish a gaushala (cow shed) to promote cow welfare and protection. The scheme aims to increase rural
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
milk production, boosting farmers' incomes. Roof-top solar policies will be implemented to promote clean
energy in these villages. The Panchayat and Rural Development Department will oversee the scheme, with
detailed guidelines to be issued soon. In a parallel initiative, 'Gita Bhavan' centers will be established in
every urban area of Madhya Pradesh to spread spiritual knowledge, focusing on the teachings of the
Bhagavad Gita and Lord Krishna, along with other spiritual texts.
38. Oceanic Nino Index (ONI), which was seen in the news, is primary indicator of which organization?
[A] United Nations Environment Programme
[B] National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
[C] World Meteorological Organization
[D] World Bank
Answer: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
The impact of El Niño and La Niña on the Indian monsoon is under study. The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is
crucial for understanding the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics. ONI is the primary indicator
used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), a U.S. agency, to monitor ENSO. ONI
measures the rolling 3-month average temperature difference in the surface waters of the east-central
tropical Pacific near the International Dateline. An ONI value of +0.5 or higher indicates El Niño, while -0.5 or
lower indicates La Niña.
39. 'Na Anka famine', recently seen in news, was associated with which state?
[A] Haryana
[B] Jharkhand
[C] Bihar
[D] Odisha
Answer: Odisha
The Union Education Minister proposed renaming Ravenshaw University due to its association with the Na
Anka Famine during Thomas Edward Ravenshaw's tenure. The Na Anka Famine, also known as the Great
Odisha Famine, devastated Odisha in 1866, two years before Ravenshaw University was founded in 1868.
The famine was so severe that about one-third of Odisha's population died. It occurred during the 9th
Regnal year of King Divya Singha Deva of Orissa. Thomas Edward Ravenshaw, a British bureaucrat and
colonial commissioner of Odisha, witnessed the famine's devastating impact firsthand.
40. Recently, which ministry has launched the 'Vishvasya-Blockchain Technology Stack'?
[A] Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
[B] Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
[C] Ministry of Urban Development
[D] Ministry of Defence
Answer: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) launched the Vishvasya-Blockchain
Technology Stack to provide Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS). It is built on a distributed infrastructure,
designed to support different permissioned blockchain applications. MeitY also introduced NBFLite, a
lightweight blockchain platform, and Praamaanik, a solution for verifying mobile app origins. The National
Blockchain Framework (NBF) aims to enhance digital trust and service delivery through research and
application development. NBF offers secure, transparent services using smart contracts and an API
gateway. The system is hosted in NIC data centers in Bhubaneswar, Pune, and Hyderabad.
41. Which states have recorded the highest growth in real gross state domestic product (GSDP) in FY24?
[A] Manipur, Odisha and Jharkhand

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[B] Gujarat, Assam and Punjab
[C] Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Haryana
[D] Telangana, Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan
Answer: Telangana, Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan
Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and Rajasthan recorded the highest growth in real Gross State Domestic Product
(GSDP) in FY24 among the 10 largest states. Telangana, the ninth largest state, grew at 9.2%, reaching ₹7.9
lakh crore, surpassing national GDP growth of 8.2%. Tamil Nadu, the third largest state, saw an 8.2% growth,
reaching ₹15.7 lakh crore. Rajasthan, the seventh largest state, grew by 8%. GSDP measures the total value
of all goods and services produced within a state's boundaries in a year. GSDP is crucial for understanding
a state's economic growth and development trends over time.
42. Which ministry recently won the national award for e-Governance 2024 for Poshan Tracker initiative?
[A] Ministry of Rural Development
[B] Ministry of Women and Child Development
[C] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[D] Ministry of Agriculture
Answer: Ministry of Women and Child Development
The Ministry of Women and Child Development won the National Award for e-Governance 2024 (Gold) for
the Poshan Tracker initiative. The Poshan Tracker monitors the growth of children aged 0-6 years using
real-time data and WHO growth charts to ensure proper nutrition. Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) assess
children's health and intervene when growth issues arise. Advanced ICT tools and Growth Measuring
Devices (GMD) are used at Anganwadi Centers for accurate monitoring. The app improves child health
outcomes, covering millions under Mission Poshan 2.0. It also manages services for pregnant women,
mothers, and children, digitizing Anganwadi workers' records.
43. Konyaks, who were in the news recently, are the largest tribes of which state?
[A] Nagaland
[B] Assam
[C] Manipur
[D] Odisha
Answer: Nagaland
The Konyak Union has requested the Nagaland government to fix the boundary line error between Mon
district in Nagaland and Charaideo district in Assam on Google Maps. The Konyaks live in Mon district,
Nagaland, and parts of Arunachal Pradesh (Tirap and Changlang districts). The term 'Konyak' translates to
"men with black hair," and they are divided into two groups: "Thendu" (Tattooed Face) and "Thentho" (White
Face). The Konyaks are of Mongoloid origin, with 95% following Christianity. They speak the Konyak
language from the Sino-Tibetan family and celebrate festivals like Aolingmonyu, Aonyimo, and Laoun-
ongmo. They excel in making firearms, handicrafts, and their society is patriarchal.
44. Recently, where was the second phase of 'Exercise Tarang Shakti 24' held?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Jodhpur
[C] Shillong
[D] Prayagraj
Answer: Jodhpur
The second phase of 'Exercise Tarang Shakti 24' was held at Air Force Station Jodhpur. It involved
international participation, including Australia, which contributed three EA-18G Growler aircraft and 120
personnel. The exercise took place from August 30 to September 13 and aimed to strengthen regional
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
security cooperation. Other participating nations included Greece, Sri Lanka, the UAE, Japan, Singapore, and
the US. The event highlighted the strategic importance of Jodhpur as a key location for military
collaborations.
45. Which country recently signed an MoU with India to enhance bilateral cooperation in public sector
auditing?
[A] United Arab Emirates
[B] Myanmar
[C] Bangladesh
[D] Iran
Answer: United Arab Emirates
The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) signed an MoU with the UAE Accountability Authority to
enhance collaboration between the two countries in public sector auditing. CAG of India, Girish Chandra
Murmu, emphasized the shared values and strong ties between India and the UAE, and the MoU will create
opportunities for learning and cooperation. The partnership focuses on knowledge exchange, capacity
building, and best practices in public sector auditing. UAE Accountability Authority President, Humaid Obaid
Khalifa, highlighted the MoU's role in improving governance and accountability in both nations. This
agreement strengthens audit cooperation, promoting transparency and efficiency in government operations.
46. Which state government recently launched a Rs 1,347 crore water supply project?
[A] Kerala
[B] Jharkhand
[C] Odisha
[D] Bihar
Answer: Bihar
Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar inaugurated a ₹1,347 crore water supply project to provide drinking water
from the Sone River to Aurangabad, Dehri, and Sasaram. The project is expected to be completed in two
years. Alongside, he launched several other projects, including a state industrial training institute and
technology labs. He also allocated funds to various self-help groups. These initiatives reflect the state's
focus on improving infrastructure and public services.
47. Recently, which country has announced a new Trusted Tour Operator Scheme (TTOS) to increase
tourism from India and China?
[A] New Zealand
[B] Chile
[C] South Africa
[D] Japan
Answer: South Africa
South Africa announced a new Trusted Tour Operator Scheme (TTOS), focusing on India and China. The
scheme will start in January next year and aims to reform the visa system. It is expected to boost tourism
jobs and help South Africa become a preferred destination for tourists from two of the world's largest
economies. The TTOS will remove barriers to attracting more tourists. Currently, Indian tourists make up
only 3.9% of South Africa’s international visitors.
48. Which state government recently approved 33% reservation to women in the police force and 5%
additional allowance to pensioners?
[A] Manipur
[B] Karnataka

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[C] Rajasthan
[D] Himachal Pradesh
Answer: Rajasthan
The Rajasthan government approved 33% reservation for women in the police force. A 5% additional
allowance was approved for pensioners aged 70 to 75. Amendments were made to the Rajasthan Police
Subordinate Services Rules, 1989. Rules 67 and 87 of the Rajasthan Civil Services Pension Rules, 1996,
were amended under central pension rules. Specially-abled children, dependent parents, and siblings can
now be permanently added to the Pension Payment Order (PPO). Gratuity and death gratuity for state
employees were increased from ₹20 lakh to ₹25 lakh.
49. Recently, which ministry has approved a Centralized Pension Payment System (CPPS) for the
Employees' Pension Scheme, 1995?
[A] Ministry of Women and Child Development
[B] Ministry of Labour and Employment
[C] Ministry of Home Affairs
[D] Ministry of Defence
Answer: Ministry of Labour and Employment
The Ministry of Labor and Employment has approved the Centralized Pension Payment System (CPPS) for
the Employees’ Pension Scheme. CPPS will create a national system allowing pensioners to receive their
pensions from any bank branch across India. Currently, the pension system is decentralized, with each
regional EPFO office working with only a few banks. CPPS will be launched as part of EPFO’s Centralized IT
Enabled System (CITES 2.01) on January 1, 2025. In the future, CPPS will support a transition to an
Aadhaar-based payment system (ABPS).
50. Project Strawberry, which was seen in the news, is related to which field?
[A] Agriculture
[B] Artificial Intelligence
[C] Finance
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Artificial Intelligence
OpenAI is preparing to release its most advanced AI model, potentially part of ChatGPT-5, known as Project
Strawberry. This model is expected to greatly enhance AI's reasoning, math, and programming skills,
bringing OpenAI closer to developing Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Project Strawberry can generate
high-quality synthetic data to address gaps in real-world data and improve training accuracy. AGI refers to
AI with capabilities comparable to the human brain. Synthetic data is artificial data created by algorithms to
replicate real-world data patterns and characteristics.
51. Recently, a fragment of a rare meteorite discovered in which province of South Africa?
[A] Eastern Cape
[B] Gauteng
[C] Limpopo
[D] KwaZulu-Natal
Answer: Eastern Cape
A rare meteorite fragment was found in the Eastern Cape province. The fragment is known as the Nqweba
Meteorite and is a small, black, shiny object with a light grey inside. When the meteorite entered Earth's
atmosphere, it experienced strong friction, creating a fireball. This friction caused the meteorite to break
apart while still in flight. A meteorite is a solid piece of space debris that manages to pass through Earth’s
atmosphere and reach the ground safely.
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52. Smart Cities Mission (SCM), recently seen in the news, is an initiative of which ministry?
[A] Ministry of Urban Development
[B] Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
[C] Ministry of Rural Development
[D] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
Answer: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs announced that 90% of the Smart Cities Mission projects are
completed. The remaining 10% are delayed due to legal issues, department clearances, land acquisition,
construction in hilly areas, and resource availability in smaller cities. Out of 100 smart cities, 17 cities have
finished all their projects, and 34 cities have completed over 90%. The Smart Cities Mission, launched in
2015, aims to develop cities with good infrastructure, a sustainable environment, and better quality of life. It
is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, selecting 100 cities through a two-stage competition.
53. Recently, where was the first Joint Commanders' Conference (JCC) held?
[A] Gandhinagar
[B] Lucknow
[C] Bhopal
[D] Patna
Answer: Lucknow
The first Joint Commanders’ Conference held in Lucknow with the theme ‘Sashakt and Surakshit Bharat:
Transforming Armed Forces’. The focus is on preparing India’s military for the changing operational
environment. Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan and the chiefs of the Army, Navy, and Air Force
are leading the event. General Chauhan reviewed the security situation and stressed the importance of
jointness and future integration for modern warfare.
54. Recently, where was the first 'International Solar Festival' organized?
[A] Jaipur
[B] Bhopal
[C] New Delhi
[D] Lucknow
Answer: New Delhi
India's solar energy capacity has increased 32 times in the last decade. Prime Minister Narendra Modi
highlighted this during the first International Solar Festival in New Delhi, held via video conferencing. India
is on track to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil capacity by 2030 and is the first G20 nation to meet Paris
Agreement goals on renewable energy. The International Solar Alliance (ISA), established in 2015, now has
100 member countries. The festival celebrates solar energy’s global impact, with technical sessions,
exhibitions, and cultural performances enhancing the event.
55. Recently, the Prime Minister of India launched 'Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari' in which state?
[A] Gujarat
[B] Assam
[C] Rajasthan
[D] Kerala
Answer: Gujarat
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the ‘Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari’ initiative in Surat, Gujarat, via video
conferencing. The program involves constructing around 24,800 rainwater harvesting structures to enhance
water sustainability. He emphasized the importance of public participation in water conservation to secure
a sustainable future for upcoming generations. He stated that future generations will evaluate us based on
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
our approach to water. Water conservation is deeply rooted in India's culture, with initiatives like Jal Jivan
Mission and Atal Bhujal Yojana supporting this cause. He called for adopting new technologies to address
water scarcity issues.
56. Recently, which country hosted the 20th 'Heads of Asian Coast Guard Agencies Meeting (HACGAM)'?
[A] Vietnam
[B] India
[C] South Korea
[D] Indonesia
Answer: South Korea
The Indian Coast Guard participated in the 20th Heads of Asian Coast Guard Agencies Meeting (HACGAM)
in Incheon, South Korea, from 2-6 September 2024. The meeting was hosted by the South Korean Coast
Guard. The Indian Coast Guard also held its 12th annual bilateral meeting with the South Korean Coast
Guard on 4 September 2024. Discussions focused on maritime law enforcement, safety at sea, marine
environment protection, and preventing illicit trafficking of humans, drugs, and weapons. HACGAM was
initiated by Japan in 2004 to address piracy issues in Southeast Asian waters, especially in the Straits of
Malacca.
57. Which state assembly recently passed Apartment and Property Regulation (Amendment) Act, 2024, to
control the spread of illegal colonies?
[A] Punjab
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] Uttarakhand
[D] Odisha
Answer: Punjab
The Punjab Apartment and Property Regulation (Amendment) Act, 2024 was passed to stop unauthorized
developments. It aims to make property registration easier for small landowners. The law regulates illegal
colonies and imposes strict penalties for violations. The Chief Minister emphasized its importance for
public welfare. This legislation highlights Punjab’s commitment to addressing illegal colonies and
promoting proper development in the state.
58. Guanabara Bay, recently seen in the news, is located in which country?
[A] Brazil
[B] Malaysia
[C] Sri Lanka
[D] India
Answer: Brazil
Sea turtles in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), are showing improvement in health after years of
suffering from fibropapillomatosis. Fibropapillomatosis is a serious infectious disease affecting sea turtles
globally, causing benign tumors on their bodies. These tumors hinder the turtles' movement, vision, and
feeding, often leading to death. The disease is caused by a herpes virus and is linked to polluted coastal
areas, high human density, agricultural runoff, and harmful algae.
59. Recently, who became the oldest Indian to swim across the English Channel?
[A] Siddhartha Agarwal
[B] Vikrant Kashyap
[C] Anand Kumar
[D] Vikas Rao

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
Answer: Siddhartha Agarwal
Siddhartha Agarwal, a 49-year-old swimmer from Bengaluru, became the oldest Indian to swim across the
English Channel. He completed the 42-km swim between England and France on August 29 in 15 hours and
six minutes. His journey began in 2018 when he crossed the Channel as part of an eight-member relay team.
Srikaanth Viswanathan, also from Bengaluru, held the previous record at 46, becoming the oldest to swim
the Channel solo.
60. Recently, where was the "Eastern Economic Forum 2024" held?
[A] Bhopal, India
[B] Vladivostok, Russia
[C] Beijing, China
[D] Tokyo, Japan
Answer: Vladivostok, Russia
The Eastern Economic Forum 2024 was held in Vladivostok, Russia. It is an annual international event,
started in 2015, aimed at boosting economic development in Russia’s Far East. The forum encourages
investment and cooperation between Russia and Asia-Pacific nations. It gathers government officials,
business leaders, investors, and policymakers to discuss economic opportunities and enhance regional
connectivity. The event helps shape economic diplomacy and build partnerships in the Asia-Pacific region.
The Russian Far East borders two oceans, the Pacific and the Arctic, and five countries: China, Japan,
Mongolia, the United States, and North Korea.
61. Recently, where was the "Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC)" summit held?
[A] Beijing
[B] South Africa
[C] Angola
[D] Shanghai
Answer: Beijing
Chinese President Xi Jinping pledged $51 billion to African countries at the ninth Forum on China-Africa
Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing. China will support 30 infrastructure projects, offering 360 billion yuan in
financial assistance. This year’s theme is “Joining Hands to Advance Modernization and Build a High-Level
China-Africa Community with a Shared Future.” FOCAC was established in 2000 to strengthen China-Africa
relations. The forum is held every three years, alternating between China and an African nation. FOCAC
includes 53 African countries, except Eswatini, which maintains ties with Taiwan, opposing China's “One
China” policy.
62. Agni-4 Missile, recently seen in the news, is developed by which organization?
[A] DRDO
[B] ISRO
[C] HAL
[D] BHEL
Answer: DRDO
The Agni-4 missile, developed by DRDO, was successfully tested on 6 September 2024 from Odisha's
Integrated Test Range. This was the ninth test of the nuclear-capable intermediate-range ballistic missile
(IRBM). The test was conducted by India's Strategic Forces Command, which oversees all nuclear weapons.
Agni-4 can carry nuclear weapons and will be controlled by the Strategic Forces Command. Development of
Agni-4 began in 2007 to strengthen India’s nuclear deterrence against China and Pakistan. The first test in
2010 failed, but the first successful user trial occurred in 2014.

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63. Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant, recently seen in the news, is located in which country?
[A] France
[B] Ukraine
[C] Russia
[D] United Arab Emirates
Answer: United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates has completed the Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant, the first nuclear power plant in
the Arab world. Located in Al Dhafra, Abu Dhabi, near Ruwais, it began construction in 2012 and started
operations in 2020. The plant has four reactors and, once fully operational, will reduce carbon emissions by
21 million tonnes annually. It will produce 40 terawatt-hours (TWh) of electricity each year, meeting 25% of
the UAE's electricity needs, equivalent to New Zealand's annual consumption. The plant will power major
companies, including ADNOC, Emirates Steel, and Emirates Global
64. What are "Globba tyrnaensis and Globba janakiae", recently seen in news?
[A] New species of medicinal herbs
[B] New species of plants from the ginger family
[C] Rare species of cactus
[D] Newly discovered species of frogs
Answer: New species of plants from the ginger family
Two new ginger species, Globba tyrnaensis and Globba janakiae, were discovered in Meghalaya's Double
Decker Living Root Bridge area. These plants, called "dancing girls" for their flower movement, belong to the
Globba genus of ornamental plants in the ginger family. Globba tyrnaensis was found in Tyrna village at 731
meters elevation and also near Thangkharang Park. It has orange flowers, large anthers, and produces
bulbils for propagation. Globba janakiae, with fewer than 10 individuals, has unique heart-shaped labellum
and is critically endangered. It honors botanist EK Janaki Ammal.
65. "INDIAsize project", recently seen in the news, is an initiative of which ministry?
[A] Ministry of Textiles
[B] Ministry of Defence
[C] Ministry of Science and Technology
[D] Ministry of Agriculture
Answer: Ministry of Textiles
The government is set to launch the 'INDIAsize' initiative to establish standardized body measurements
suited for Indian body types. Currently, international and domestic brands in India use US and UK size
charts, which differ from Indian body structures, causing fitting issues. INDIAsize, led by the Ministry of
Textiles, aims to resolve these disparities by creating standard sizes for Indian consumers. The project will
collect data from 25,000 Indians aged 15 to 65 using 3D body scanning technology. This size chart will help
brands produce better-fitting garments, balancing demand and supply for well-fitted clothes in India.
66. Galathis Bay, recently seen in news, is located in which island of India?
[A] Majuli Island
[B] Great Nicobar Island
[C] Lakshadweep Island
[D] Pamban Island
Answer: Great Nicobar Island
The central government has designated the international trans-shipment hub at Galathea Bay in the
Andaman & Nicobar Islands as a 'Major Port.' It is located on Great Nicobar Island and is being developed
as an International Container Transshipment Port (ICTP). The project will receive central funding and be
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
developed under a public-private partnership model. Phase 1 is set to begin in 2028 with a handling capacity
of 4 million TEUs, growing to 16 million TEUs by 2058. The port's strategic location near international trade
routes and its deep water depth make it significant for capturing transshipment cargo from other ports.
67. Recently, India has overtaken which country in the MSCI Emerging Markets Investable Market Index
(MSCI EM IMI)?
[A] China
[B] Australia
[C] Japan
[D] Russia
Answer: China
India has surpassed China in the MSCI Emerging Markets Investable Market Index (IMI), becoming the
largest country by weight for the first time. The MSCI Emerging Markets Investable Market Index (IMI)
includes large, mid, and small cap stocks from 24 emerging markets. With 3,355 companies, the IMI covers
about 99% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in these countries.
68. Which day is observed as "International Literacy Day (ILD)" every year?
[A] 6 September
[B] 7 September
[C] 8 September
[D] 9 September
Answer: 8 September
International Literacy Day has been observed globally on September 8th since 1967. The day highlights the
importance of literacy in building a just, peaceful, and sustainable society. It serves as a reminder to
policymakers, practitioners, and the public about literacy’s role in personal and societal development. The
observance emphasizes the global commitment to literacy as a fundamental human right.
69. Which state recently introduced India's first silicon carbide manufacturing facility?
[A] Odisha
[B] Bihar
[C] Haryana
[D] Jharkhand
Answer: Odisha
Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi recently led the groundbreaking for India’s first silicon carbide
manufacturing facility. Developed by RIR Power Electronics Limited, the facility is being set up at EMC Park
in Bhubaneswar with an investment of Rs 620 crore. This facility represents a significant advancement for
India and Odisha in the global power electronics market. It aims to position Odisha as a key hub for
semiconductor production, fostering innovation and boosting the state’s economy.
70. Sindhudurg fort, recently seen in the news, is associated with which historical personality?
[A] Chhatrapati Shivaji
[B] Rani Lakshmi Bai
[C] Maharana Pratap
[D] Mangal Pandey
Answer: Chhatrapati Shivaji
A 35-foot statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in Malvan, built less than a year ago, recently collapsed. In
contrast, the Sindhudurg Fort, built by Shivaji Maharaj 357 years ago, remains intact. Sindhudurg Fort is
located on Kurte Island in the Arabian Sea, near Malvan, Maharashtra. The fort, completed in 1667, was

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
designed to protect against foreign colonizers and the Siddis of Janjira. It symbolizes the strength of the
Maratha Navy and the advanced construction techniques of its time.
71. Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary, which was recently in the news, is located near the border of which
states?
[A] Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Telangana
[B] Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat
[C] Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana
[D] Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal
Answer: Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Telangana
Recent analysis shows that about 50,000 trees were uprooted in a 200-hectare area along 2 to 3 km length
in Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary. The sanctuary, established in 1953, is located near the Maharashtra,
Chhattisgarh, and Telangana borders. The perennial Dayyam Vagu river flows through it, dividing the
sanctuary into two parts. The sanctuary is known for the Sammakkka Sarakka Jathra, one of Asia's largest
tribal festivals, held every two years. The River Godavari also flows through the sanctuary.
72. Recently, Abdelmadjid Tebboune has been elected as the president of which country?
[A] Algeria
[B] Australia
[C] Iran
[D] Vietnam
Answer: Algeria
In the 2024 Algerian presidential election, 78-year-old President Abdelmadjid Tebboune was re-elected with
a huge win. He secured 94.65% of the valid votes, as per Mohamed Charfi, head of the election authority.
The election was held on 7 September 2024, with 5.6 million voters out of 25 million eligible participants.
President Tebboune was re-elected for a second five-year term. He was first elected in 2019, but the
opposition boycotted that election. Tebboune, seen as military-backed, defeated rivals Abdelaali Hassani
Cherif and Youcef Aouchiche, who gained 3% and 2.1% of votes, respectively.
73. Which city has secured first position in the Swachh Vayu Survekshan (SVS) 2024?
[A] Jaipur
[B] Surat
[C] Kolkata
[D] Varanasi
Answer: Surat
Surat, previously ranked 13th, secured 1st place in the Swachh Vayu Survekshan (SVS) 2024 among 131
cities across India. The city scored 194 out of 200 marks and reduced PM10 levels by 12.71% in 2023-24.
Surat was honored as a ‘National Clean Air City’ with ₹1.5 crore, a trophy, and a certificate at a ceremony in
Jaipur. The Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan, initiated by the government, aims for a 30% reduction in air
particulates and evaluates cities based on waste management, dust, emissions, and public awareness.
74. How many medals were won by India at the 2024 Paris Paralympics?
[A] 15
[B] 20
[C] 25
[D] 29
Answer: 29
The 17th Paris Paralympics concluded on 8 September 2024 with a ceremony at Stade de France, Paris. It

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
was held from 28 August to 8 September 2024, organized by the International Paralympics Committee. The
18th Summer Paralympics will take place in Los Angeles, USA, in 2028. India won a record 29 medals,
surpassing the 19-medal haul from the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics. China topped the medal tally with 220
medals, while India ranked 18th. Harvinder Singh and Preeti Pal were India’s flag bearers at the closing
ceremony.
75. Recently, where was the 20th edition of India-USA joint military exercise 'YUDH ABHYAS-2024'
conducted?
[A] Rajasthan
[B] Gujarat
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D] Odisha
Answer: Rajasthan
The 20th edition of the India-USA Joint Military Exercise YUDH ABHYAS-2024 began at the Mahajan Field
Firing Ranges in Rajasthan. The exercise is scheduled to be conducted from 9th to 22nd September 2024.
Yudh Abhyas is an annual joint military exercise between India and the USA, ongoing since 2004. The
exercise fosters cooperation between the two militaries, focusing on training, cultural exchanges, and
developing joint operational skills. The previous edition took place at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, USA.
76. Poltava City, recently seen in the news, is located in which country?
[A] China
[B] Ukraine
[C] Japan
[D] Israel
Answer: Ukraine
A Russian missile strike on Poltava, Ukraine, killed 51 people and injured 271 others. Poltava is a city in
east-central Ukraine, located 300 km east of Kyiv, along the Vorskla River. Archaeological evidence traces
its origins to the 8th-9th centuries; it was first referenced in 1174. The city was destroyed by Tatars in the
13th century and became a Cossack regiment center by the 17th century. In 1709, Peter the Great defeated
Sweden’s Charles XII at Poltava, marking Russia’s rise as a power. Modern Poltava was rebuilt after World
War II and is a key agricultural hub.
77. What is 'Kawasaki Disease', recently seen in news?
[A] Rare heart disease
[B] Plant disease
[C] Fungal disease
[D] Eye disorder
Answer: Rare heart disease
A Bengaluru doctor noted an increase in Kawasaki disease among children after COVID-19's second wave.
Kawasaki disease, or Kawasaki syndrome, mainly affects children under 5 years. It causes fever and
inflammation of blood vessels, especially the coronary arteries, leading to heart issues. The immune system
attacks blood vessels, causing swelling and problems with lymph nodes, skin, and the mouth. Symptoms
include fever, rash, swollen hands, red eyes, and swollen lymph glands. First identified by Tomisaku
Kawasaki in Japan in 1967. The cause is unknown, but cases often occur in late winter and early spring.
78. Recently, where was the first 'India-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Foreign Ministers' Meeting' held?
[A] Abu Dhabi
[B] Doha

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[C] Manama
[D] Riyadh
Answer: Riyadh
External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar attended the First India-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Foreign
Ministers' Meeting in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The GCC is a political and economic alliance of six Arabian
Peninsula countries: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and UAE. Established in 1981, the GCC
promotes economic, security, cultural, and social cooperation among its members. India shares a strong
relationship with GCC countries, which are major trading and investment partners. Geostrategically, the
Persian Gulf, near GCC nations, is vital for global trade, and both India and GCC aim for regional stability
and security.
79. Which country recently resolved a WTO trade dispute with India over sugar subsidies?
[A] Brazil
[B] China
[C] Australia
[D] Malaysia
Answer: Brazil
Brazil and India have settled a WTO trade dispute over sugar subsidies, reflecting their strategic
partnership. This resolution is part of their wider collaboration, which includes working together on ethanol
technology and addressing global sugar surplus issues. Their relationship encompasses strategic
dialogues, trade forums, and other cooperative mechanisms, highlighting their joint efforts to manage
global sugar trade challenges and price issues.
80. Recently, who has made history by becoming the first Indian to be elected as the President of the
Olympic Council of Asia (OCA)?
[A] Vikrant Sinha
[B] Viswanathan Anand
[C] Randhir Singh
[D] Arjun Goel
Answer: Randhir Singh
Randhir Singh, a key figure in Indian sports administration, has been elected as the first Indian president of
the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) at its 44th General Assembly. Singh, who has been associated with the
OCA for over 33 years, achieves a historic milestone for Asian sports. His deep experience and background
in sports are expected to drive initiatives to strengthen the OCA's global role, including preparations for the
upcoming Asian Games and other major events.
81. Maa Nanda-Sunanda Mahotsav, recently seen in the news, is celebrated in which state?
[A] Uttarakhand
[B] Haryana
[C] Mizoram
[D] Manipur
Answer: Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand Chief Minister recently inaugurated the Maa Nanda-Sunanda Mahotsav, 2024, in Nainital
through a virtual event, emphasizing the festival's role in connecting people with their cultural roots. The
Maa Nanda-Sunanda Mahotsav honors the goddesses Nanda and Sunanda during the Nandashtami festival
in the Kumaon region, celebrated every September in places like Almora, Nainital, Kot Along, Bhowali, and
Johar. Additionally, the CM declared September 2nd as Bugyal Conservation Day to protect alpine
meadows, calling them the Himalayas' 'precious heritage.'
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82. Mukhyamantri Maiya Samman Yojana, which was seen in the news, was launched by which state?
[A] Bihar
[B] Haryana
[C] Jharkhand
[D] Odisha
Answer: Jharkhand
The Jharkhand cabinet recently approved lowering the minimum age limit for the Mukhyamantri Maiyan
Samman Yojana (MMSY) from 21 to 18 years. This change aims to benefit an additional 800,000 women.
Launched on August 3, 2024, MMSY provides Rs 1,000 each month to eligible women from families below
the poverty line. Annually, Rs 12,000 will be deposited into the bank accounts of all qualified women through
the Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme.
83. Recently, where was the 'Centre for in-situ and Correlative Microscopy (CISCoM)' inaugurated?
[A] IIT Hyderabad
[B] IIT Ahmedabad
[C] IIT Kanpur
[D] IIT Bombay
Answer: IIT Hyderabad
A unique Centre for In-Situ & Correlative Microscopy (CISCoM) has been inaugurated at the Indian Institute
of Technology Hyderabad (IITH). This state-of-the-art facility focuses on advanced microscopy techniques
and was established with a grant from the Department of Science and Technology (DoST). The CISCoM-
Sophisticated Analytical and Technical Help Institute (SATHI) aims to unite scientists from diverse fields
like physical sciences, chemistry, biology, and pharmaceuticals to collaborate on complex research
challenges that require sophisticated microscopy methods.
84. Recently, a group of researchers discovered a 'Myristica swamp forest' in which state?
[A] Maharashtra
[B] Gujarat
[C] Telangana
[D] Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Maharashtra
Researchers recently found a Myristica swamp forest in Kumbral, Maharashtra, protected by the local
community. Myristica swamps are freshwater habitats dominated by evergreen trees from the
Myristicaceae family. These swamps are called living fossils due to their ancient origin of 140 million years.
They have large roots protruding from waterlogged soil, which stays flooded all year. Found mainly in the
Western Ghats, they also exist in the Andaman, Nicobar Islands, and Meghalaya. These swamps depend on
valley shape, heavy rainfall (3000 mm), and water availability. They retain water like a sponge and store
more carbon than regular forests. They support diverse species, such as the Myristica Swamp Treefrog in
Kerala sanctuaries.
85. Recently, which bank has introduced the third edition of its flagship 'Asha Scholarship programme'?
[A] Axis Bank
[B] ICICI Bank
[C] State Bank of India
[D] HDFC Bank
Answer: State Bank of India
The SBI Foundation launched the third edition of its Asha Scholarship Program. It aimed to provide financial
support to 10,000 talented students from underprivileged backgrounds. The scholarship offered amounts
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
between Rs 15,000 and Rs 20 lakh. It helped students from Class 6 to postgraduate levels pursue their
educational goals. This initiative showed SBI's commitment to supporting educational opportunities for
disadvantaged students across India.
86. INS Malpe and INS Mulki, recently seen in the news, belongs to which type of class?
[A] Kamorta
[B] Abhay
[C] Mahe
[D] Saryu
Answer: Mahe
INS Malpe and INS Mulki, two anti-submarine warfare shallow watercraft vessels, were launched by the
Indian Navy at Cochin Shipyard. These are the fourth and fifth indigenously built vessels of this type. They
belong to the Mahe Class and will replace the Navy’s Abhay Class ASW Corvettes. The vessels are designed
for anti-submarine operations, mine-laying, sub-surface surveillance, and search and rescue in coastal
waters. They are 78 meters long, can reach speeds of 25 knots, and have an endurance of 1,800 nautical
miles. They feature state-of-the-art SONAR, torpedoes, and advanced weapon systems.
87. Pahari Korwa Tribe, recently seen in the news, is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) of which
state?
[A] Rajasthan
[B] Gujarat
[C] Chhattisgarh
[D] Assam
Answer: Chhattisgarh
54 settlements of the Pahadi Korwa community in north Chhattisgarh will be connected by roads under the
Prime Minister JANMAN scheme. The Pahadi Korwa tribe is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG)
of Chhattisgarh. They are from the Chhota Nagpur region and primarily found in Korba and Jashpur districts
of Chhattisgarh, with smaller populations in Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh. Their mother tongue is the Korwa
language, part of the Munda branch of the Austroasiatic language family. They rely on small-scale farming,
fishing, hunting, and jhoonga kheti, a subsistence farming method.
88. Recently, a critically endangered elongated tortoise was spotted for the first time in which region of
India?
[A] Aravallis
[B] Himalayas
[C] Western Ghats
[D] Northeastern
Answer: Aravallis
The elongated tortoise (Indotestudo elongata) was recently spotted in Haryana’s Damdama area during a
research survey in the Aravallis. It is medium-sized with a yellowish-brown or olive shell and black blotches
on each scute. During the breeding season, it develops a pink ring around its nostrils, and mature
individuals show pinkish color around the nostrils and eyes. It is found in Sal deciduous and hilly evergreen
forests across Southeast Asia, including parts of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh. Its IUCN status is
Critically Endangered, and it is listed in CITES Appendix II.
89. Recently, who has been unanimously re-elected as the Chairperson of the Parliamentary Committee on
Official Language?
[A] Dharmendra Pradhan

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[B] JP Nadda
[C] Rajnath Singh
[D] Amit Shah
Answer: Amit Shah
Home Minister Amit Shah was unanimously re-elected as Chairperson of the Parliamentary Committee on
Official Language. The government aims for all government systems to operate in Indian languages by
2047. The Department of Official Language is developing software to automatically translate all languages
of the Eighth Schedule. A meeting was held in New Delhi to reconstitute the committee after the formation
of the new government. Amit Shah previously served as the committee’s Chairperson from 2019 to 2024.
90. Recently, where was the "Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Military Domain (REAIM)"
summit started?
[A] Paris
[B] Seoul
[C] New Delhi
[D] London
Answer: Seoul
The second summit on Responsible Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Military Domain (REAIM) started in
Seoul on September 9. It is co-hosted by Kenya, the Netherlands, Singapore, and the United Kingdom. The
first REAIM summit was held in February 2023 in The Hague, hosted by the Netherlands. The summit
expands the discussion from just autonomous weapons to broader issues of AI in warfare. The Seoul
summit aims to understand AI's impact on global peace and security, implement new norms for military AI
use, and develop ideas for long-term global governance of AI in the military.
91. Recently, NASA confirmed that Saturn’s rings are expected to 'disappear' in which year?
[A] December 2024
[B] March 2025
[C] April 2026
[D] March 2027
Answer: March 2025
NASA confirmed that Saturn’s rings will appear to ‘disappear’ in March 2025 due to an optical illusion.
Saturn’s axis is tilted similarly to Earth’s, causing its rings to face the Sun differently at various times.
During part of Saturn’s year, the rings shine brightly, while in the other part, only their underside is visible.
The rings will be edge-on to Earth twice in Saturn’s orbit, creating an equinox effect. This alignment makes
the rings appear very thin and reflect little light, rendering them almost invisible from Earth. The last time
this happened was in 2009, and the rings will gradually reappear as Saturn continues its orbit.
92. Mukhyamantri Ladli Behna Yojana, recently seen in the news, was launched by which state?
[A] Madhya Pradesh
[B] Uttarakhand
[C] Haryana
[D] Rajasthan
Answer: Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav recently announced an additional benefit under the Ladli
Behna Yojana. Launched on March 15, 2023, the scheme aims to enhance women's economic
independence, improve health and nutrition for women and their children, and boost their role in family
decisions. Women aged 21 to 60 receive Rs 1250 per month under the scheme. The program is managed by
the Department of Women and Child Development.
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
93. Nuakhai festival, recently seen in the news, is celebrated in which state?
[A] Odisha
[B] Bihar
[C] Haryana
[D] Jharkhand
Answer: Odisha
In Odisha, especially in the western and some southern regions, people are celebrating the 'Nauakhai'
festival, which marks the start of the new rice season. On this occasion, Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi
introduced the CM-Kisan Yojana to support farmers with financial aid. Under this scheme, farmers will
receive Rs 4,000 annually in two parts. Today, Rs 2,000 was deposited into the accounts of around 46 lakh
farmers, with the remaining amount to be given on Akshaya Tritiya. A total of Rs 925.40 crore will be
distributed to nearly 46 lakh beneficiaries.
94. Recently, the Prime Minister of India inaugurated SEMICON India 2024 at India Expo Mart in which city?
[A] Greater Noida
[B] Bhopal
[C] Jaipur
[D] Gandhinagar
Answer: Greater Noida
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated SEMICON India 2024 on 11 September 2024 in Greater Noida,
Uttar Pradesh. The event runs from 11 to 13 September and highlights India as a growing semiconductor
investment hub. SEMICON India 2024 offers a platform for global semiconductor leaders, industry, and
government officials to connect. The event is organized by SEMI, in collaboration with München India and
supported by MeitY. The theme is "Shaping the Semiconductor Future." India’s electronics sector is
currently valued at $150 billion, with a target of $500 billion by 2030.
95. Ukai Dam, which was seen in the news, is constructed on which river?
[A] Tapti River
[B] Krishna River
[C] Kaveri River
[D] Narmada River
Answer: Tapti River
Authorities discharged 1.19 lakh cusecs of water from Ukai Dam after rainfall, bringing its water level close
to the danger mark of 345 feet. The Ukai Dam, built on the Tapti River, is the second-largest reservoir in
Gujarat after the Sardar Sarovar. Also called Vallabh Sagar, it was constructed in 1972 for irrigation, power
generation, and flood control. It holds 46% of the combined capacity of all other Gujarat dams. The dam has
a 62,255 km² catchment area, similar to the Bhakra Nangal Dam. Its embankment wall is 4,927 meters long
with a height of 80.77 meters.
96. Recently, who chaired the first Governing Board meeting of the newly formed Anusandhan National
Research Foundation (ANRF)?
[A] Prime Minister Narendra Modi
[B] Home Minister Amit Shah
[C] Defence Minister Rajnath Singh
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Prime Minister Narendra Modi
The Prime Minister chaired the first Governing Board meeting of the Anusandhan National Research
Foundation (ANRF) in New Delhi. The government plans to engage retired scientists and professors as
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
mentors for universities with lower National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) rankings. Experts from
IITs and national labs will provide mentorship, supported by government funding and postdoctoral support.
The goal is to boost research capabilities in higher education institutions. The Partnerships for Accelerated
Innovation and Research (PAIR) Programme was also announced to promote research excellence. ANRF,
established under the 2023 Act, will collaborate with industry, academia, and government for research. The
Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) has been merged into ANRF.
97. What is theme of 'World Suicide Prevention Day (WSPD)' for 2024-2026?
[A] Changing the Narratives on Suicide
[B] Creating Hope Through Action
[C] Working Together to Prevent suicide
[D] One World Connected
Answer: Changing the Narratives on Suicide
World Suicide Prevention Day (WSPD) is observed annually on September 10 to raise awareness about
suicide prevention globally. First held in 2003, its goal is to educate the public on suicidal behavior and
ways to prevent it. Suicide is a significant cause of death, affecting various aspects of society, mental
health, and financial well-being. Over 700,000 suicides occur worldwide each year, impacting many lives.
The 2024 theme, "Changing the Narratives on Suicide," focuses on "Telling our Stories," encouraging open
discussions about suicide at all levels of society.
98. Recently, where was the the first Foundation Day program of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre
(I4C) organized?
[A] Bengaluru
[B] New Delhi
[C] Chennai
[D] Hyderabad
Answer: New Delhi
The Union Home Minister addressed the first Foundation Day of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre
(I4C) in New Delhi, launching new initiatives to combat cybercrime. The Cyber Fraud Mitigation Centre
(CFMC) was established to coordinate with banks, financial intermediaries, and law enforcement for
immediate action on online financial crimes. The Samanvaya Platform is a web-based system for
cybercrime data sharing, mapping, and coordination among law enforcement agencies. The 'Cyber
Commandos' Program will create a special team of trained cyber experts to support state and central
agencies in digital security. The Suspect Registry will enhance fraud risk management by maintaining a
database of identifiers linked to cybercrime reports.
99. What is a 'Nebula', recently seen in news?
[A] Giant cloud of dust and gas in space
[B] Aircraft carrier
[C] Earth observation satellite
[D] Exoplanet
Answer: Giant cloud of dust and gas in space
NASA recently shared an amazing image of the Red Spider Nebula, exciting space fans. A nebula is a large
cloud of dust and gas in space, where new stars can form or where gas and dust from dying stars collect.
Nebulae, often called "star nurseries," consist mainly of hydrogen and helium. Gravity causes clumps of
dust and gas in a nebula to come together, eventually collapsing to form a hot core that becomes a new
star. Nebulae are found in interstellar space, with the closest known one being the Helix Nebula, about 700
light-years from Earth. Nebulae vary in shape and size and include types like planetary nebulas, supernova
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
remnants, and emission nebulae.
100. Which ministry recently published report "Health Dynamics of India (Infrastructure and Human
Resources) 2022-23"?
[A] Ministry of Rural Development
[B] Ministry of Health
[C] Ministry of Home Affairs
[D] Ministry of Urban Development
Answer: Ministry of Health
The Health Ministry released the "Health Dynamics of India (Infrastructure and Human Resources) 2022-23"
report, formerly known as Rural Health Statistics. India has 714 district hospitals and 362 medical colleges.
Rural health facilities have increased from 2005 to 2023, with around 32,000 Primary Health Centers (PHCs)
nationwide, 25,000 of which are in rural areas. Doctors and medical officers in PHCs increased from 20,000
to 32,000, but vacancies have nearly doubled. Many Sub-Centres (SCs) and Urban PHCs (U-PHCs) operate in
rented buildings, with a 36% shortfall in U-PHCs as per urban population norms.
101. Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI), recently completed 5 years of implementation, was launched in
which year?
[A] 2017
[B] 2018
[C] 2019
[D] 2020
Answer: 2019
The Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI) was launched by India in 2019 at the East Asia Summit in Bangkok
as a global, non-treaty initiative. It builds on India’s 2015 'Security and Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR)'
concept. IPOI promotes community building and partnerships with like-minded countries through practical
cooperation. It has 7 pillars, with countries voluntarily leading different areas of focus. IPOI offers an
alternative to geopolitical competition and aligns with India's Maritime Vision 2030 and global initiatives
like AIIPOIP and ASEAN’s AOIP.
102. Recently, China announced joint naval and air drills 'Northern United 2024' with which country?
[A] Russia
[B] Japan
[C] India
[D] Israel
Answer: Russia
China and Russia recently announced joint naval and air drills called 'Northern United-2024' in the Sea of
Japan and Sea of Okhotsk. The exercise aims to boost strategic cooperation between China and Russia and
enhance their ability to address security threats. The Sea of Japan is a marginal sea in the western Pacific,
bordered by Japan, Sakhalin Island, Russia, and Korea. The Sea of Okhotsk is surrounded by the Kamchatka
Peninsula, Kuril Islands, Hokkaido, and Sakhalin Island. These drills highlight the increasing military
collaboration between the two nations.
103. Which organization recently developed and launched the Air Quality Management Exchange Platform
(AQMx)?
[A] United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
[B] Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)
[C] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[D] World Health Organization (WHO)
Answer: Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)
The Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) launched the Air Quality Management Exchange Platform
(AQMx). It aims to assist air quality professionals globally in addressing air pollution. AQMx provides
guidance and tools aligned with WHO Air Quality Guidelines targets. It was created in response to a UN
Environment Assembly resolution, calling for global cooperation on air pollution. The platform addresses air
quality management capacity gaps with curated guidance. AQMx helps decision-makers see air pollution’s
full impact, enabling more accurate public health policies worldwide.
104. Recently, where was the fifth 'India-Philippines Joint Defence Cooperation' meeting held?
[A] Manila
[B] New Delhi
[C] Antipolo
[D] Chennai
Answer: Manila
The Defence Secretary co-chaired the 5th India-Philippines Joint Defence Cooperation Committee meeting
in Manila. This meeting is significant as it coincides with 75 years of diplomatic ties between India and the
Philippines and 10 years of India’s Act East Policy. Diplomatic relations began in 1949, and ties
strengthened with India’s Look East Policy in 1992 and Act East Policy in 2014. Recent developments
include a $374.9 million contract for BrahMos missiles, an MoU on Defence Industry cooperation, and
growing bilateral trade. In 2022, an agreement on customs cooperation was signed, and in 2023, a MoU on
financial technology partnership was established.
105. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), recently seen in the news, is implemented by which
ministry?
[A] Ministry of Rural Development
[B] Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
[C] Ministry of Home Affairs
[D] Ministry of Urban Development
Answer: Ministry of Rural Development
On 11 September 2024, the Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the fourth
phase of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY). It is implemented by Ministry of Rural
Development. The PMGSY was launched on 25 December 2000 to connect rural areas with all-weather
roads to reduce poverty. PMGSY-IV will run for five years (2024-2029) with a total cost of Rs 70,125 crore,
shared by the central and state governments. The target is to build and upgrade 62,500 km of roads to
connect 25,000 unconnected villages. Previous phases focused on upgrading rural roads to improve access
to markets, schools, and hospitals.
106. Recently, Oman hosts "Eastern Bridge VII & Al Najah V Exercise" with which country?
[A] India
[B] Bhutan
[C] Myanmar
[D] Nepal
Answer: India
Indian and Omani military forces are conducting bilateral exercises in September 2024 to strengthen
defence ties. The Indian Air Force is participating in Exercise Eastern Bridge VII, held at Air Force Base
Masirah, Oman, from 11-22 September 2024. The Indian contingent includes MiG-29s, Jaguar fighter planes,
and C-17 Globemaster III transport planes. This exercise, first held in 2009, enhances interoperability and
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
operational readiness. The Indian Army is also participating in Exercise AL NAJAH-V from 13-26 September
2024 in Salalah, Oman, focusing on counterterrorism operations and desert warfare. These exercises are
held biennially, alternating between India and Oman.
107. What is the total financial outlay recently approved by the Union Cabinet for "Mission Mausam"?
[A] Rs 1,000 crore
[B] Rs 2,000 crore
[C] Rs 3,000 crore
[D] Rs 4,000 crore
Answer: Rs 2,000 crore
The Union Cabinet approved 'Mission Mausam' with a budget of Rs. 2,000 crore for two years. It aims to
enhance India's weather and climate-related research, services, and technologies. Mission Mausam focuses
on improving weather surveillance, forecasting, and management using advanced systems like AI, machine
learning, and high-performance computing. It will provide accurate weather and climate information,
including monsoon forecasts, extreme weather alerts, and air quality updates. Implemented by India
Meteorological Department, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, and National Centre for Medium-Range
Weather Forecasting. It benefits sectors like agriculture, disaster management, aviation, and energy.
108. Which day is observed as "United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation" annually?
[A] 11 September
[B] 12 September
[C] 13 September
[D] 14 September
Answer: 12 September
September 12 is observed as the United Nations Day for South-South Cooperation. This day celebrates the
progress made by developing countries in the Global South in economic, social, and political areas. It marks
the adoption of the Buenos Aires Plan of Action in 1978, which promotes technical cooperation among
developing countries. The theme for 2024 is “A Better Tomorrow through South-South Cooperation.” The
term “Global South” refers to developing countries and is not geographically limited to the southern
hemisphere; many are actually in the Northern Hemisphere.
109. Recently, which state has topped in the country among states for having AYUSH facilities at all primary
health centres in urban areas?
[A] Madhya Pradesh
[B] Rajasthan
[C] Jharkhand
[D] West Bengal
Answer: Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh leads in having AYUSH facilities at all 328 primary health centers in urban areas and ranks
third in tribal areas with 228 AYUSH doctors. Odisha and Chhattisgarh rank first and second in AYUSH
doctors, respectively. The state has significantly increased its number of sub-health centers in rural areas
since 2005. It is also in the top three for sub-divisional and district hospitals, with 144 sub-divisional and 52
district hospitals. The report highlights improvements in health infrastructure, staffing, and availability of
specialist doctors across states.
110. Recently, the Maharashtra government announced the establishment of a tribal university in which
district?
[A] Nashik

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[B] Amravati
[C] Wardha
[D] Latur
Answer: Nashik
Maharashtra Governor C. P. Radhakrishnan announced the establishment of a tribal university in Nashik to
support the development and future of tribal students. The university will offer quality education from
Kindergarten to Post-graduation levels. 80% of the seats will be reserved for tribal students. As the
Chancellor of state universities, the Governor has the authority to establish and develop such institutions.
The aim is to provide modern education to tribals to enhance their competitiveness and employability. The
university will feature advanced facilities, particularly in engineering, and contribute to the social
development of the region.
111. Recently, which state government has decided to celebrate 17 September as 'Praja Palana Day'?
[A] Telangana
[B] Haryana
[C] Karnataka
[D] Gujarat
Answer: Telangana
Telangana government will celebrate September 17 as Telangana Praja Palana Day, marking Hyderabad's
1948 integration into India. Chief Secretary Santhi Kumari issued orders for national flag hoisting at
government offices, urban local bodies, and gram panchayats. Chief Minister A Revanth Reddy will hoist the
flag in Hyderabad, while ministers will do the same at district headquarters. In 2023, the BRS government
marked it as National Integration Day. The Union government celebrates it as Hyderabad Liberation Day,
commemorating the 1948 police action under Operation Polo that merged Hyderabad with India.
112. Recently, where was the "BRICS National Security Advisers' meeting" held?
[A] Russia
[B] China
[C] India
[D] Brazil
Answer: Russia
National Security Advisor Ajit Doval met Russian President Vladimir Putin on 12 September 2024 during the
BRICS national security advisors meeting. Russia is the current chair of BRICS and will host all related
meetings in 2024, including the 16th BRICS summit in Kazan from 22 to 24 October 2024. President Putin
invited Prime Minister Narendra Modi to attend the summit. The BRICS national security advisors’ conclave
took place in St. Petersburg from 11 to 13 September 2024, attended by 10 member countries, including
India, Russia, Brazil, China, and others. The meeting was hosted by Russian NSA Sergei Shoigu.
113. Recently, senior citizens of which age has been included under Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan
Arogya Yojana (AB PMJAY)?
[A] 70 years of age or above
[B] 65 years of age or above
[C] 70 years of age or above
[D] 75 years of age or above
Answer: 70 years of age or above
The central government extended Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PMJAY)
benefits to all senior citizens aged 70 or above. This decision was made during a Union Cabinet meeting
chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Launched in 2018, the scheme has issued over 35.4 crore
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
Ayushman cards across 33 states and union territories, except Delhi, West Bengal, and Odisha. The
inclusion benefits 6 crore senior citizens, providing Rs 5 lakh annual health insurance. If a senior citizen is
part of a covered family, the total family insurance will rise to Rs 10 lakh. Senior citizens with private or
other public insurance can also avail of AB PMJAY benefits.
114. Recently, which organisation launched "Saarthi app" in collaboration with Bhashini?
[A] Securities and Exchange Board of India
[B] Open Network for Digital Commerce
[C] Reserve Bank of India
[D] NITI Aayog
Answer: Open Network for Digital Commerce
Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) launched the Saarthi app in collaboration with Bhashini.
Saarthi helps businesses create their own buyer-side apps with multilingual support. It currently supports
Hindi, English, Marathi, Bangla, and Tamil, with plans to include all 22 languages provided by Bhashini.
Features include real-time translation, transliteration, and voice recognition to help businesses reach new
regions and customers. Bhashini is India’s AI-led language translation platform, aiming to provide easy
internet access and digital services in Indian languages. It offers AI and Natural Language Processing (NLP)
resources to MSMEs, startups, and innovators, and includes a crowdsourcing section called ‘Bhasadaan.’
115. Recently, R. Ravindra has been appointed as India's ambassador to which country?
[A] Iceland
[B] Bulgaria
[C] Greece
[D] Croatia
Answer: Iceland
The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) appointed Mr. R. Ravindran as the next ambassador to Iceland. He
has served in various organizations and locations throughout his career. R. Ravindran is an Indian Foreign
Service officer from the 1999 batch. He is currently India's Deputy Permanent Representative at the United
Nations.
116. Recently, which state government has added 'Pittu' to the sports calendar for the academic year
2024-25?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Rajasthan
[C] Gujarat
[D] Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Madhya Pradesh
The Madhya Pradesh government has added Pittu to its 2024-25 sports calendar for colleges. The aim is to
revive Pittu, a traditional game linked to Lord Krishna, mentioned in the Bhagavata Purana. Pittu is played
on a 26m x 14m field with two teams of six players, with four substitutes per team. The striker team knocks
over and reassembles seven colored tiles, while the defending team tries to stop them. Reviving Pittu
connects students with their heritage and gained attention after the Prime Minister's mention in 2021. It
was demonstrated during the National Games and had a Lagori World Cup in 2015-16.
117. Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), recently completed four years of implementation,
was launched in which year?
[A] 2019
[B] 2020

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
[C] 2021
[D] 2022
Answer: 2020
Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) completed four years since its launch in 2020. It is the
flagship scheme of the Department of Fisheries under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry &
Dairying. The scheme aims to boost the fisheries sector through a combination of initiatives and schemes.
PMMSY has two components: Central Sector Scheme (CS) and Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS). India is
the 3rd largest fish producer and 2nd in aquaculture globally, with Andhra Pradesh leading. The fisheries
sector supports over 30 million livelihoods in India. PMMSY aims for sustainable growth of the fisheries
sector through a Blue Revolution.
118. Which country recently took seat among UN member states at 79th session of the UN General
Assembly?
[A] Palestine
[B] Yemen
[C] Afghanistan
[D] Sudan
Answer: Palestine
The 79th session of the United Nations General Assembly started in New York. Palestine, despite not being
a full UN member, was given a seat among member states in the General Assembly Hall. Palestinian envoy
Riyad Mansour was seated at a table marked "State of Palestine," positioned between Sri Lanka and Sudan.
119. Recently, where was the "4th Akhil Bharatiya Rajbhasha Sammelan" organized?
[A] Chennai
[B] Jaipur
[C] New Delhi
[D] Bhopal
Answer: New Delhi
Union Home Minister Amit Shah addresses the inauguration of the Official Language Diamond Jubilee
celebrations and the 4th Akhil Bharatiya Rajbhasha Sammelan in New Delhi on September 14, 2024. The
event, marking 75 years of Hindi as an official language, is organized by the Department of Official
Language. Shah will launch the Diamond Jubilee special issue of ‘Rajbhasha Bharti,’ a commemorative
stamp, and coin, and present awards. The event also includes the launch of Bharatiya Bhasha Anubhag.
This Sammelan continues the tradition of celebrating Hindi Diwas and promoting Indian languages as
initiated in 2019.
120. Veli-Akkulam Lake, recently seen in the news due to ecological degradation, is located in which state?
[A] Kerala
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Gujarat
[D] Tamil Nadu
Answer: Kerala
Researchers from the University of Kerala recently presented a study at the Estuarine & Coastal Sciences
Association (ECSA) 60 conference in Hangzhou, revealing significant ecological decline in Veli-Akkulam
Lake. Over 30 years, non-native species have invaded the lake, altering its nutrient flow and disrupting the
food web. Using the Ecopath Model, the study highlights a major decline in native species like prawns and
cichlids, while invasive species have surged. Initially, in the 1990s, the lake was rich in native species, but
now, its ecosystem is severely impacted. Veli-Akkulam Lake, a 20-acre freshwater lake in Kerala, is fed by
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 1-15, 2024
the Veli River.
The above 120 questions are part of Daily Current Affairs 20 MCQs Series in GKToday Android Application.
This series with daily 20 MCQs, Answers and Explanations can be subscribed in the app only for Rs. 999/-
for entire year. Download Now.

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024

September 2024
Part - 2

120 MCQs
These questions are sourced from GKToday’s Current Affairs 2024-25 Daily 20 MCQ Series in GKToday
Academy Android Application.

1. What is the name of the cyclone that recently formed over the Kutch coast in Gujarat?
[A] Cyclone Gulabi
[B] Cyclone Jawar

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[C] Cyclone Asna
[D] Cyclone Satrang
Answer: Cyclone Asna
Cyclone Asna formed from a deep depression over Gujarat's Kutch region and is set to become a tropical
cyclone over the Arabian Sea. Unlike typical cyclones that form over warm ocean waters, Asna developed
over land in Gujarat. Historically, cyclones have originated over mainland India only three times in August
(1976, 1964, and 1944) and strengthened as they moved into the Arabian Sea. Possible causes include
unusual monsoon winds, moisture from the Arabian Sea, soil moisture, and warming of the Indian Ocean.
2. Who has been appointed as the new Cabinet Secretary for the Government of India?
[A] Alok Banerjee
[B] T.V. Somanathan
[C] S.C. Majumdar
[D] Rinku Dugga
Answer: T.V. Somanathan
TV Somanathan has been appointed as the 33rd Cabinet Secretary of India. He succeeded Rajiv Gauba, the
longest-serving Cabinet Secretary since August 2019. Rajiv Gauba, a 1982 batch IAS officer, got three one-
year extensions until August 2024. The government amended retirement rules to extend Gauba's term.
Before Gauba, Pradeep Kumar Sinha held the longest term as Cabinet Secretary for over four years.
Somanathan, a 1987 batch Tamil Nadu cadre IAS officer, was previously Finance Secretary and Expenditure
Secretary. He has a PhD in Economics, is a Chartered Accountant, and has held significant roles in Tamil
Nadu and the World Bank.
3. Recently, where was the '7th Rashtriya Poshan Maah' launched?
[A] Jaipur, Rajasthan
[B] Gandhinagar, Gujarat
[C] Patna, Bihar
[D] Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Gandhinagar, Gujarat
The 7th Rashtriya Poshan Maah began from 1 September at Mahatma Mandir in Gandhinagar, Gujarat,
focusing on nutrition awareness and well-being. Union Minister Annpurna Devi, Gujarat's Chief Minister
Bhupendrabhai Patel, and other officials attended the event. The day started with a nationwide tree-planting
drive called “Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam,” promoting nutrition and environmental sustainability. Union Minister
Annpurna Devi outlined Poshan 2.0’s pillars: good governance, convergence, capacity building, and
community participation. Nutri-baskets were distributed to mothers, and schemes like Vahli Dikri Yojna were
highlighted. The campaign will focus on issues like anemia, growth monitoring, and complementary feeding,
supporting the vision of a 'Suposhit Bharat.'
4. Recently, where was the "National Conference of District Judiciary" held?
[A] Bengaluru
[B] Hyderabad
[C] Chennai
[D] New Delhi
Answer: New Delhi
The Supreme Court of India organized a two-day National Conference of the District Judiciary on August 31
and September 1, 2024 in New Delhi. The conference was inaugurated at Bharat Mandapam, where a coin
and postage stamp were released to commemorate 75 years of the Apex Court. The event featured six
sessions attended by over 800 participants from the district judiciary across all States and Union
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
Territories. Sessions focused on improving infrastructure, accessibility, and inclusivity in the judiciary,
addressing judicial security, case management strategies, and enhancing judicial training programs. The
conference also discussed how higher courts can better support district judiciary needs.
5. Musi River, which was seen in the news, is a tributary of which river?
[A] Godavari River
[B] Krishna River
[C] Kaveri River
[D] Narmada River
Answer: Krishna River
The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) advised citizens to stay indoors due to heavy rains
causing the Musi River to rise. The Musi River flows through Telangana and is a tributary of the Krishna
River. The river was historically known as the Muchukunda River. Hyderabad is situated on its banks, with
the river dividing the old and new parts of the city. The Musi River originates in the Anantagiri Hills near
Vicarabad, covering about 240 km before joining the Krishna River. Two dams, Himayat Sagar and Osman
Sagar, are constructed over the Musi River.
6. Recently, which Japanese animator has been honored with the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award for
2024?
[A] Goro Fujita
[B] Hiroyuki Imaishi
[C] Hayao Miyazaki
[D] Koji Nanke
Answer: Hayao Miyazaki
Japanese anime director Hayao Miyazaki recently won the Ramon Magsaysay Award, known as Asia’s
Nobel Prize. This award is Asia’s top honor, recognizing transformative leadership and spirit. Winners
receive a certificate and a medallion with Ramon Magsaysay’s profile. From 1958 to 2008, the award was
given in six categories: Government Service, Public Service, Community Leadership, Journalism and
Creative Arts, Peace and International Understanding, and Emergent Leadership. The award ceremony is
held annually on August 31 in Manila, Philippines, marking the birth anniversary of President Ramon
Magsaysay, after whom the award is named.
7. Recently, who was announced as the first Indian ambassador of the International Table Tennis Federation
(ITTF)?
[A] Yuki Bhambri
[B] Ashok Amritraj
[C] Sharath Kamal
[D] Sumit Nagal
Answer: Sharath Kamal
Sharath Kamal has been named the first Indian ambassador of the International Table Tennis Federation
(ITTF) Foundation. The announcement was made during day 11 of the Ultimate Table Tennis (UTT) season
five at Jawaharlal Nehru Indoor Stadium. Sharath was elected to the ITTF’s Athlete’s Commission in
November 2022. He will promote table tennis for development, especially among children from
underprivileged backgrounds. He holds the record for the most medals in Commonwealth Games history for
table tennis, including 13 medals with three golds at the 2022 Birmingham Games.
8. Which day is observed as 'World Coconut Day (WCD)' annually?
[A] 1 september

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[B] 2 September
[C] 3 September
[D] 4 September
Answer: 2 September
World Coconut Day is observed every year on September 2nd to highlight the importance of coconuts. It
aims to raise awareness about various uses of coconuts and promote sustainable farming practices. The
theme for World Coconut Day 2024 is “Coconut for a Circular Economy: Building Partnership for Maximum
Value.” The day was first celebrated in 2009, initiated by the International Coconut Community (ICC), a
UNESCAP intergovernmental body. The ICC includes 21 coconut-producing countries, with India as a
founding member. The ICC's headquarters is located in Jakarta, Indonesia, and it was known as the Asian
and Pacific Coconut Community until 2018.
9. Recently, who took over as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force?
[A] Air Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh
[B] Air Marshal VR Chaudhari
[C] Air Marshal Tejinder Singh
[D] Air Marshal Arjan Singh
Answer: Air Marshal Tejinder Singh
Air Marshal Tejinder Singh became the Deputy Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force in New Delhi.
After taking his new position, he paid tribute to fallen soldiers at the National War Memorial. Tejinder Singh
is an alumnus of the National Defence Academy and joined the IAF fighter stream on June 13, 1987. He is a
Category ‘A’ Qualified Flying Instructor with over 4,500 flying hours. He studied at the Defence Service Staff
College and National Defence College. He has commanded a Fighter Squadron, a Radar Station, a Fighter
Base, and was Air Officer Commanding in Jammu and Kashmir. He received the Vayu Sena Medal in 2007
and the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2022.
10. eShram Portal, recently seen in the news, was launched by which ministry?
[A] Ministry of Home Affairs
[B] Ministry of Labour and Employment
[C] Ministry of Rural Development
[D] Ministry of Finance
Answer: Ministry of Labour and Employment
The Ministry of Labour & Employment launched the eShram portal on 26th August 2021. In just three years,
over 30 crore unorganised workers registered on eShram, showing rapid adoption. The portal aims to be a
"One-Stop-Solution" for unorganised workers, integrating with other platforms. This integration was
highlighted in the 2024-25 Budget speech to improve access to social security schemes. eShram will help
unorganised workers access schemes like PMJJBY, PMSBY, AB-PMJAY, and others. A two-way integration
with the Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) is also underway to enhance service accessibility.
11. Which ministry recently launched the 'AgriSURE Fund' and 'Krishi Nivesh Portal' in New Delhi?
[A] Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
[B] Ministry of New & Renewable Energy
[C] Ministry of Rural Development
[D] Ministry of Power
Answer: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
Union Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan launched the AgriSURE Fund and
Krishi Nivesh Portal in New Delhi. He conferred the Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) Excellence Awards
to top-performing banks and states. The awards recognized and appreciated outstanding efforts in
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
agricultural infrastructure. Ministers of State and representatives from various states and banks attended
the event. The Ministry believed the award ceremony would inspire other banks to improve their
performance. The AIF was launched in 2022 to develop post-harvest management infrastructure and
community farming assets.
12. Recently, which institution opened its first international campus in Abu Dhabi, UAE?
[A] IIT Delhi
[B] IIT Kanpur
[C] IIT Bombay
[D] IIT Roorkee
Answer: IIT Delhi
IIT Delhi's first international campus was inaugurated in Abu Dhabi by Sheikh Khaled bin Mohamed, the
Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi. This new campus aims to enhance the UAE's status as a global education and
innovation hub. It is the second international IIT campus, following IIT Madras's in Zanzibar. The inaugural
cohort includes 52 students pursuing undergraduate degrees in Computer Science and Energy Engineering.
Students were admitted through JEE Advanced and CAET exams and come from various backgrounds,
including Indian, Emirati, and international students. IIT Delhi Abu Dhabi also launched an MTech program in
Energy Transition and Sustainability earlier this year.
13. Deepti Jeevanji won which medal in the women's 400m T20 event at the 2024 Paris Paralympics?
[A] Gold
[B] Silver
[C] Bronze
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Bronze
India's Deepthi Jeevanji won a bronze medal in the women's 400m T20 race at the Paris Paralympics 2024.
She completed the race in 55.82 seconds. Jeevanji secured third place, finishing behind Yuliia Shuliar from
Ukraine, who clocked 55.16 seconds. The second-place finisher was Aysel Onder from Turkey, who holds
the world record and finished in 55.23 seconds. This achievement highlights Jeevanji's significant
performance on an international stage.
14. Su-30MKI fighter aircraft, recently seen in the news, is manufactured by which organization?
[A] Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
[B] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
[C] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
The Cabinet Committee on Security recently approved the procurement of 240 aero-engines for Su-30MKI
aircraft of the Indian Air Force (IAF). The Su-30MKI is a multirole combat fighter aircraft developed jointly by
Sukhoi Design Bureau and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the IAF. It is based on the Su-30 fighter
aircraft and features thrust vectoring control and canards. The Su-30MKI is a fourth-generation fighter jet
powered by two AL-31FP aero engines, which are high-temperature turbojet by-pass engines. The aircraft is
equipped with BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles, tested successfully in November 2017. It includes a
Tarang Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) developed by DRDO. The Su-30MKI has a maximum unrefueled flight
range of 3,000 km, which can extend to 8,000 km with two in-flight refuelings. The aircraft is manufactured
by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
15. Phrynarachne decipiens, recently seen in the news, belongs to which species?

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[A] Spider
[B] Frog
[C] Snake
[D] Fish
Answer: Spider
Zoologists in Assam have recently added a new spider species, Phrynarachne decipiens, to India’s list of
arachnids. Commonly known as the bird dung or bird-dropping crab spider, it mimics bird excrement with its
web. Previously found in Malaysia and Indonesia's Java and Sumatra, it has now been recorded in Assam’s
Sonapur and Chirang Reserve Forest. The spider is usually motionless on the upper side of broad leaves,
blending in with its white, bird-dropping-like web. It features stout spermathecae, a reproductive organ in
females, with nearly touching posterior heads. The genus Phrynarachne has 35 accepted species; three
others were previously recorded and re-described from Assam.
16. Oceanic Nino Index (ONI), which was seen in the news, is primary indicator of which organization?
[A] United Nations Environment Programme
[B] National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
[C] World Meteorological Organization
[D] World Bank
Answer: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
The impact of El Niño and La Niña on the Indian monsoon is under study. The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is
crucial for understanding the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics. ONI is the primary indicator
used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), a U.S. agency, to monitor ENSO. ONI
measures the rolling 3-month average temperature difference in the surface waters of the east-central
tropical Pacific near the International Dateline. An ONI value of +0.5 or higher indicates El Niño, while -0.5 or
lower indicates La Niña.
17. Which states have recorded the highest growth in real gross state domestic product (GSDP) in FY24?
[A] Manipur, Odisha and Jharkhand
[B] Gujarat, Assam and Punjab
[C] Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Haryana
[D] Telangana, Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan
Answer: Telangana, Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan
Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and Rajasthan recorded the highest growth in real Gross State Domestic Product
(GSDP) in FY24 among the 10 largest states. Telangana, the ninth largest state, grew at 9.2%, reaching ₹7.9
lakh crore, surpassing national GDP growth of 8.2%. Tamil Nadu, the third largest state, saw an 8.2% growth,
reaching ₹15.7 lakh crore. Rajasthan, the seventh largest state, grew by 8%. GSDP measures the total value
of all goods and services produced within a state's boundaries in a year. GSDP is crucial for understanding
a state's economic growth and development trends over time.
18. Recently, where was the second phase of 'Exercise Tarang Shakti 24' held?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Jodhpur
[C] Shillong
[D] Prayagraj
Answer: Jodhpur
The second phase of 'Exercise Tarang Shakti 24' was held at Air Force Station Jodhpur. It involved
international participation, including Australia, which contributed three EA-18G Growler aircraft and 120
personnel. The exercise took place from August 30 to September 13 and aimed to strengthen regional
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
security cooperation. Other participating nations included Greece, Sri Lanka, the UAE, Japan, Singapore, and
the US. The event highlighted the strategic importance of Jodhpur as a key location for military
collaborations.
19. Project Strawberry, which was seen in the news, is related to which field?
[A] Agriculture
[B] Artificial Intelligence
[C] Finance
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Artificial Intelligence
OpenAI is preparing to release its most advanced AI model, potentially part of ChatGPT-5, known as Project
Strawberry. This model is expected to greatly enhance AI's reasoning, math, and programming skills,
bringing OpenAI closer to developing Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Project Strawberry can generate
high-quality synthetic data to address gaps in real-world data and improve training accuracy. AGI refers to
AI with capabilities comparable to the human brain. Synthetic data is artificial data created by algorithms to
replicate real-world data patterns and characteristics.
20. Recently, the Prime Minister of India launched 'Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari' in which state?
[A] Gujarat
[B] Assam
[C] Rajasthan
[D] Kerala
Answer: Gujarat
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the ‘Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari’ initiative in Surat, Gujarat, via video
conferencing. The program involves constructing around 24,800 rainwater harvesting structures to enhance
water sustainability. He emphasized the importance of public participation in water conservation to secure
a sustainable future for upcoming generations. He stated that future generations will evaluate us based on
our approach to water. Water conservation is deeply rooted in India's culture, with initiatives like Jal Jivan
Mission and Atal Bhujal Yojana supporting this cause. He called for adopting new technologies to address
water scarcity issues.
21. Carrhotus piperus, recently seen in news, belongs to which species?
[A] Fish
[B] Frog
[C] Spider
[D] Lizard
Answer: Spider
A new jumping spider species, Carrhotus piperus, has been discovered in the lower Palani Hills of Tamil
Nadu. It was found on pepper plants, about two meters above the ground. The name piperus comes from
the plant Piper nigrum, reflecting its habitat. This discovery adds to the rich biodiversity of the region and
brings the total Carrhotus species in India to 10, and globally to 37. The spider is unique due to its prolateral
protrusion and beak-shaped embolus. The Palani Hills are part of the Western Ghats and are a continuation
of the Anaimalai Hills in Kerala.
22. Which state assembly recently passed Apartment and Property Regulation (Amendment) Act, 2024, to
control the spread of illegal colonies?
[A] Punjab
[B] Uttar Pradesh

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[C] Uttarakhand
[D] Odisha
Answer: Punjab
The Punjab Apartment and Property Regulation (Amendment) Act, 2024 was passed to stop unauthorized
developments. It aims to make property registration easier for small landowners. The law regulates illegal
colonies and imposes strict penalties for violations. The Chief Minister emphasized its importance for
public welfare. This legislation highlights Punjab’s commitment to addressing illegal colonies and
promoting proper development in the state.
23. Recently, where was the "Eastern Economic Forum 2024" held?
[A] Bhopal, India
[B] Vladivostok, Russia
[C] Beijing, China
[D] Tokyo, Japan
Answer: Vladivostok, Russia
The Eastern Economic Forum 2024 was held in Vladivostok, Russia. It is an annual international event,
started in 2015, aimed at boosting economic development in Russia’s Far East. The forum encourages
investment and cooperation between Russia and Asia-Pacific nations. It gathers government officials,
business leaders, investors, and policymakers to discuss economic opportunities and enhance regional
connectivity. The event helps shape economic diplomacy and build partnerships in the Asia-Pacific region.
The Russian Far East borders two oceans, the Pacific and the Arctic, and five countries: China, Japan,
Mongolia, the United States, and North Korea.
24. What is 'Tariff-Rate Quota' scheme, recently mentioned in news??
[A] It sets a fixed amount of goods that can be imported at no tariff
[B] It allows a certain quantity of goods to be imported at a reduced tariff rate
[C] It bans the import of specific goods after a certain threshold
[D] To promote exports of local goods
Answer: It allows a certain quantity of goods to be imported at a reduced tariff rate
India has approved the export of 8,606 metric tonnes of sugar to the United States for the US fiscal year
2025. This export is under the Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ) scheme, as announced by the Directorate General of
Foreign Trade (DGFT). The TRQ is a trade policy that permits a limited amount of goods to be imported at a
lower tariff rate. Any imports beyond the set limit are subject to higher tariffs. The TRQ helps balance
protecting domestic industries while fulfilling demand through imports.
25. Agni-4 Missile, recently seen in the news, is developed by which organization?
[A] DRDO
[B] ISRO
[C] HAL
[D] BHEL
Answer: DRDO
The Agni-4 missile, developed by DRDO, was successfully tested on 6 September 2024 from Odisha's
Integrated Test Range. This was the ninth test of the nuclear-capable intermediate-range ballistic missile
(IRBM). The test was conducted by India's Strategic Forces Command, which oversees all nuclear weapons.
Agni-4 can carry nuclear weapons and will be controlled by the Strategic Forces Command. Development of
Agni-4 began in 2007 to strengthen India’s nuclear deterrence against China and Pakistan. The first test in
2010 failed, but the first successful user trial occurred in 2014.

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26. Recently, where was the India's first conservation and breeding centre for the Asian King Vultures
inaugurated?
[A] Mussoorie, Himachal Pradesh
[B] Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
[C] Indore, Madhya Pradesh
[D] Jaisalmer, Rajasthan
Answer: Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
India’s first conservation and breeding centre for the Asian King Vultures was inaugurated in Gorakhpur’s
Campierganj Range by Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath. The Jatayu Conservation and Breeding Centre aims
to boost the population of this critically endangered species, listed in the International Union for
Conservation of Nature's red list since 2007. The ₹2.80 crore facility includes various aviaries, a veterinary
section, and administrative buildings. Six vultures have been introduced to the centre, with a plan to release
40 pairs over the next 8 to 10 years.
27. Goods Trade Barometer, recently seen in the news, is developed by which organization?
[A] International Labour Organization
[B] International Monetary Fund
[C] World Trade Organization
[D] World Bank
Answer: World Trade Organization
Indian merchandise exports may improve in the second half of the year due to an upturn in global trade, as
indicated by the WTO Goods Trade Barometer. The Goods Trade Barometer, formerly known as the World
Trade Outlook Indicator, is developed by the World Trade Organization. It provides real-time insights into
world trade trends and predicts changes in trade growth 2-3 months ahead. The Barometer combines
various trade indices into a composite index, signaling turning points in global trade. A reading of 100
shows trade growth in line with trends; above 100 indicates growth, while below 100 suggests a slowdown.
28. Madeira River, recently seen in the news, forms the border between which two South American
countries?
[A] Ecuador and Colombia
[B] Bolivia and Brazil
[C] Chile and Peru
[D] Argentina and Uruguay
Answer: Bolivia and Brazil
Residents near the Madeira River in the Amazon face severe challenges due to historically low water levels
amid a severe drought. The Madeira River is a major tributary of the Amazon River, formed by the Mamoré
and Beni rivers in Bolivia, flowing northward. It forms a 100 km border between Bolivia and Brazil and is part
of the 1.3 million square kilometer Madeira Basin. The basin spans Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru, with 50% in
Bolivia, 40% in Brazil, and 10% in Peru. The river plays a vital role in the Amazon Basin's hydrology,
supporting diverse ecosystems.
29. Recently, the Union Minister of Science and Technology virtually inaugurated how many new NIDHI i-
TBIs across India?
[A] 7
[B] 8
[C] 10
[D] 12
Answer: 8
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
The Union Minister of Science and Technology virtually inaugurated 8 new NIDHI i-TBIs and a Department of
Science and Technology’s initiative (DST-NIDHI) website at IIT Delhi, marking 8 years of DST-NIDHI. The
National Initiative for Developing and Harnessing Innovations (NIDHI) was launched in 2016 to nurture start-
ups by supporting and scaling innovations. NIDHI involves central and state governments, academic
institutions, financial bodies, and private sectors. It is funded by the National Science & Technology
Entrepreneurship Development Board (NSTEDB).
30. Recently, Abdelmadjid Tebboune has been elected as the president of which country?
[A] Algeria
[B] Australia
[C] Iran
[D] Vietnam
Answer: Algeria
In the 2024 Algerian presidential election, 78-year-old President Abdelmadjid Tebboune was re-elected with
a huge win. He secured 94.65% of the valid votes, as per Mohamed Charfi, head of the election authority.
The election was held on 7 September 2024, with 5.6 million voters out of 25 million eligible participants.
President Tebboune was re-elected for a second five-year term. He was first elected in 2019, but the
opposition boycotted that election. Tebboune, seen as military-backed, defeated rivals Abdelaali Hassani
Cherif and Youcef Aouchiche, who gained 3% and 2.1% of votes, respectively.
31. Which city has secured first position in the Swachh Vayu Survekshan (SVS) 2024?
[A] Jaipur
[B] Surat
[C] Kolkata
[D] Varanasi
Answer: Surat
Surat, previously ranked 13th, secured 1st place in the Swachh Vayu Survekshan (SVS) 2024 among 131
cities across India. The city scored 194 out of 200 marks and reduced PM10 levels by 12.71% in 2023-24.
Surat was honored as a ‘National Clean Air City’ with ₹1.5 crore, a trophy, and a certificate at a ceremony in
Jaipur. The Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan, initiated by the government, aims for a 30% reduction in air
particulates and evaluates cities based on waste management, dust, emissions, and public awareness.
32. How many medals were won by India at the 2024 Paris Paralympics?
[A] 15
[B] 20
[C] 25
[D] 29
Answer: 29
The 17th Paris Paralympics concluded on 8 September 2024 with a ceremony at Stade de France, Paris. It
was held from 28 August to 8 September 2024, organized by the International Paralympics Committee. The
18th Summer Paralympics will take place in Los Angeles, USA, in 2028. India won a record 29 medals,
surpassing the 19-medal haul from the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics. China topped the medal tally with 220
medals, while India ranked 18th. Harvinder Singh and Preeti Pal were India’s flag bearers at the closing
ceremony.
33. What is 'Teal Carbon', recently mentioned in news?
[A] Carbon stored in non-tidal freshwater wetlands
[B] Carbon stored in oceans

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[C] Carbon stored in forests
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Carbon stored in non-tidal freshwater wetlands
India's first study on "teal carbon" was conducted at Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan, highlighting the
importance of wetland conservation for climate adaptation and resilience. Teal carbon refers to carbon
stored in non-tidal freshwater wetlands, including vegetation, microbial biomass, and organic matter. These
wetlands are more effective at capturing and storing carbon than forests, sequestering more carbon than
any terrestrial ecosystem. The term "teal carbon" reflects organic carbon's functions and location rather
than physical properties. Globally, wetlands store an estimated 21 petagrams of teal carbon, making them
crucial for carbon management.
34. 'Sugamya Bharat App', which was seen in the news, is an initiative of which ministry?
[A] Ministry of Women and Child Development
[B] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[C] Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
[D] Ministry of Defence
Answer: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
Since its launch in 2021, over 1,400 accessibility complaints have been lodged through the Sugamya Bharat
mobile app, with 75% resolved. The app is an initiative by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment's
Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD). It helps people with disabilities and the
elderly report accessibility issues in public infrastructure, transportation, and buildings. Complaints are filed
using geotagged photos, sent to relevant authorities. The app will soon be upgraded with AI features,
including a chatbot and multilingual interface. Partnerships with Mission Accessibility and I-STEM support
the app’s development.
35. What is 'Kawasaki Disease', recently seen in news?
[A] Rare heart disease
[B] Plant disease
[C] Fungal disease
[D] Eye disorder
Answer: Rare heart disease
A Bengaluru doctor noted an increase in Kawasaki disease among children after COVID-19's second wave.
Kawasaki disease, or Kawasaki syndrome, mainly affects children under 5 years. It causes fever and
inflammation of blood vessels, especially the coronary arteries, leading to heart issues. The immune system
attacks blood vessels, causing swelling and problems with lymph nodes, skin, and the mouth. Symptoms
include fever, rash, swollen hands, red eyes, and swollen lymph glands. First identified by Tomisaku
Kawasaki in Japan in 1967. The cause is unknown, but cases often occur in late winter and early spring.
36. BepiColombo, which was seen in the news, is a joint mission between which two space agencies?
[A] JAXA and ESA
[B] NASA and ISRO
[C] ISRO and ROSCOSMOS
[D] NASA and CNSA
Answer: JAXA and ESA
The BepiColombo spacecraft recently provided the first clear images of Mercury’s south pole. This mission
is a collaboration between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
(JAXA). Named after Italian mathematician Giuseppe Colombo, it was launched on October 20, 2018. The
mission aims to study Mercury's surface, composition, magnetic field, and solar interactions. It includes
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
two components: the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) for mapping and studying the surface, and the
Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO) for examining the magnetic field and magnetosphere.
37. Which country recently resolved a WTO trade dispute with India over sugar subsidies?
[A] Brazil
[B] China
[C] Australia
[D] Malaysia
Answer: Brazil
Brazil and India have settled a WTO trade dispute over sugar subsidies, reflecting their strategic
partnership. This resolution is part of their wider collaboration, which includes working together on ethanol
technology and addressing global sugar surplus issues. Their relationship encompasses strategic
dialogues, trade forums, and other cooperative mechanisms, highlighting their joint efforts to manage
global sugar trade challenges and price issues.
38. Maa Nanda-Sunanda Mahotsav, recently seen in the news, is celebrated in which state?
[A] Uttarakhand
[B] Haryana
[C] Mizoram
[D] Manipur
Answer: Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand Chief Minister recently inaugurated the Maa Nanda-Sunanda Mahotsav, 2024, in Nainital
through a virtual event, emphasizing the festival's role in connecting people with their cultural roots. The
Maa Nanda-Sunanda Mahotsav honors the goddesses Nanda and Sunanda during the Nandashtami festival
in the Kumaon region, celebrated every September in places like Almora, Nainital, Kot Along, Bhowali, and
Johar. Additionally, the CM declared September 2nd as Bugyal Conservation Day to protect alpine
meadows, calling them the Himalayas' 'precious heritage.'
39. Mukhyamantri Maiya Samman Yojana, which was seen in the news, was launched by which state?
[A] Bihar
[B] Haryana
[C] Jharkhand
[D] Odisha
Answer: Jharkhand
The Jharkhand cabinet recently approved lowering the minimum age limit for the Mukhyamantri Maiyan
Samman Yojana (MMSY) from 21 to 18 years. This change aims to benefit an additional 800,000 women.
Launched on August 3, 2024, MMSY provides Rs 1,000 each month to eligible women from families below
the poverty line. Annually, Rs 12,000 will be deposited into the bank accounts of all qualified women through
the Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme.
40. District Agro-Meteorology Units, recently seen in the news, were established by the India Meteorological
Department in which year?
[A] 2018
[B] 2019
[C] 2020
[D] 2022
Answer: 2018
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) plans to revive District Agro-Meteorology Units (DAMUs) under

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
the Gramin Krishi Mausam Sewa (GKMS) scheme. DAMUs were first established in 2018 by IMD in
collaboration with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). The goal was to provide sub-district-
level agricultural advisories using weather data. Located in Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs), DAMUs prepared
advisories on sowing, harvesting, fertilizers, and irrigation. These advisories were shared with farmers twice
a week via messages, WhatsApp, newspapers, and in-person. They helped farmers plan activities and gave
early warnings for extreme weather events.
41. Tianwen-3 mission, recently seen in the news, is associated with which country?
[A] Japan
[B] China
[C] Russia
[D] India
Answer: China
China will adhere to planetary protection guidelines for its Tianwen-3 mission. Planetary protection aims to
prevent biological contamination between Earth and other celestial bodies. This principle is based on Article
IX of the Outer Space Treaty (1967), which seeks to avoid harmful contamination of environments. The
Tianwen-3 mission is China’s Mars sample-return project, set for a proposed 2028 launch. It will involve
sending two spacecraft—an orbiter and a lander—to Mars to collect and return samples of Martian rocks
and soil to Earth.
42. Recently, who has been appointed as new finance secretary of India?
[A] Arun Kumar
[B] Susheel Kumar Trivedi
[C] Tuhin Kanta Pandey
[D] Jitendra Kumar
Answer: Tuhin Kanta Pandey
Tuhin Kanta Pandey has been appointed as the new Finance Secretary. He is a senior IAS officer from the
1987 Odisha Cadre. He currently serves in the Finance Ministry, overseeing the Department of Public
Enterprises (DPE) and the Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM).
43. Recently, where was the "2nd International Buddhist Media Conclave" organized?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Kolkata
[C] Chennai
[D] Bengaluru
Answer: New Delhi
The Second International Buddhist Media Conclave organized on 11th September in New Delhi. The theme
is "Mindful Communication for Conflict Avoidance and Sustainable Development." The conclave will explore
how Buddhist teachings can be integrated into modern media practices to address global issues and build
trust in media. It aims to promote ethical journalism and mindful communication. The event will also work
on creating a network of Buddhist media professionals across Asia. Media representatives from 18
countries will participate in this event.
44. What is 'Montelukast', recently seen in the news?
[A] It is a medication to prevent and control asthma attacks
[B] It is an antidepressant drug
[C] It is salt water marshes
[D] Diesel electric submarine

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
Answer: It is a medication to prevent and control asthma attacks
Montelukast is widely sold in India without strict regulation, despite its potential risks. It is an oral
medication used to prevent asthma attacks in adults and children over 2 years old. Montelukast also
prevents breathing issues during exercise for those 6 years and older. It treats allergy symptoms like
sneezing, runny nose, and congestion. Developed by Merck, it was approved by the U.S. FDA in 1998 under
the brand name 'Singulair.' It works by blocking leukotrienes, which cause inflammation. In 2020, the U.S.
FDA and the U.K. agency issued warnings about serious neuropsychiatric side effects.
45. Recently, where was the the first Foundation Day program of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre
(I4C) organized?
[A] Bengaluru
[B] New Delhi
[C] Chennai
[D] Hyderabad
Answer: New Delhi
The Union Home Minister addressed the first Foundation Day of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre
(I4C) in New Delhi, launching new initiatives to combat cybercrime. The Cyber Fraud Mitigation Centre
(CFMC) was established to coordinate with banks, financial intermediaries, and law enforcement for
immediate action on online financial crimes. The Samanvaya Platform is a web-based system for
cybercrime data sharing, mapping, and coordination among law enforcement agencies. The 'Cyber
Commandos' Program will create a special team of trained cyber experts to support state and central
agencies in digital security. The Suspect Registry will enhance fraud risk management by maintaining a
database of identifiers linked to cybercrime reports.
46. Which ministry recently launched the "Trade Connect e-Platform"?
[A] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
[B] Ministry of Science and Technology
[C] Ministry of Defence
[D] Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: Ministry of Commerce and Industry
The Union Minister for Commerce launched the Trade Connect e-platform to boost international trade for
Indian exporters, especially MSMEs. This digital platform links Indian exporters, MSMEs, and entrepreneurs
with stakeholders like Indian Missions Abroad and Export Promotion Councils. It provides information on
global trade events, Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), and other trade data. Developed in collaboration with
key partners like EXIM Bank, Ministry of MSME, and Ministry of External Affairs. The platform aligns with
Digital India's vision, reducing trade costs and complexities, helping Indian businesses succeed globally.
47. 'Southern Birdwing butterfly', recently seen in the news, is the state butterfly of which state?
[A] Karnataka
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Kerala
[D] Telangana
Answer: Karnataka
A Southern Birdwing butterfly, India's second largest butterfly species, was recently found at the satellite
campus of The American College in Madurai, Tamil Nadu. Also known as the 'Sahyadri Birdwing,' it is mostly
found in South Asia, especially in the Western Ghats. It is exceptionally large, with wings larger than some
small birds, which gives it the name "birdwing." Males have black wings with greenish-blue markings, while
females display cream-coloured patterns. It is Karnataka’s state butterfly and is classified as "Least
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
Concern" by the IUCN.
48. Recently, India successfully test-fired the Vertical Launch Short Range Surface to Air Missile (VLSRSAM)
at which place?
[A] Chennai, Tamil Nadu
[B] Chandipur, Odisha
[C] Pokhran, Rajasthan
[D] Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
Answer: Chandipur, Odisha
The Indian Navy and DRDO successfully tested the Vertical Launch Short Range Surface to Air Missile (VL-
SRSAM) on 12 September 2024 at Chandipur Island, Odisha. This is DRDO’s second missile test, following
the Agni-4 trial on 6 September 2024. The missile was launched from a vertical launcher and intercepted a
high-speed target at low altitude using an advanced seeker. VL-SRSAM will replace Israel’s Barak-1 missile
and be produced by Bharat Dynamic Limited. The missile defends against supersonic sea-skimming threats
and has a range of 50 km with advanced countermeasure systems.
49. Which state in India has the largest expanse of 'Salt Pan Land', recently in news?
[A] Gujarat
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Odisha
[D] Andhra Pradesh
Answer: Andhra Pradesh
The union government approved transferring 256 acres of salt pan land in Mumbai to the Dharavi
Redevelopment Project Pvt Ltd (DRPPL), drawing criticism from opposition leaders. Salt pans are low-lying
lands where seawater leaves behind salt and minerals, vital for flood protection. According to the Coastal
Regulation Zone (CRZ) notification of 2011, salt pans are ecologically sensitive and fall under CRZ-1B,
allowing only salt extraction and gas exploration. Nationally, 60,000 acres of salt pan land exist, with
Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra having the largest areas. Salt pans also host various bird
and insect species, contributing to ecological balance.
50. Recently, which country has become the first country to allow voters to elect judges at all levels?
[A] Cuba
[B] Costa Rica
[C] Mexico
[D] Jamaica
Answer: Mexico
Mexico became the first country to allow voters to elect judges at all levels. The decision followed protests
that interrupted debate in the upper house. The reform was approved with 86 votes in favor and 41 against.
A two-thirds majority was required to amend the constitution, and the reform achieved this threshold.
51. Which organization recently released a report titled "Future Pandemic Preparedness and Emergency
Response: A Framework for Action"?
[A] NITI Aayog
[B] UNDP
[C] WHO
[D] FAO
Answer: NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog released an Expert Group Report on future pandemic preparedness, reflecting on COVID-19

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
challenges. It highlights the "One Health" approach for zoonotic disease threats. Issues faced during
COVID-19 included outdated laws, fragmented data sources, and weak industry-research links. Key
recommendations include enacting a Public Health Emergency Management Act (PHEMA) to cover broader
crises. It proposes creating an Empowered Group of Secretaries for pandemic preparedness, setting up a
special fund, and improving data integration. It calls for a stronger surveillance network, predictive
modeling, and innovation hubs for vaccine development and skill-building.
52. Which ministry recently launched the 'Rangeen Machhli' mobile app?
[A] Ministry of Home Affairs
[B] Ministry of Rural Development
[C] Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying
[D] Ministry of Agriculture
Answer: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying
The Union Minister for Fisheries launched the 'Rangeen Machhli' app. Developed by ICAR-Central Institute of
Freshwater Aquaculture with support from Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana. The app offers
multilingual information on ornamental fish species in eight Indian languages. It helps users find nearby
aquarium shops and supports local businesses by connecting users with reliable fish sources. Ornamental
fish farming involves raising colorful, attractive fish in confined aquatic systems. Popular indigenous
ornamental fish species include Loaches, Eels, Barbs, Catfish, Goby, and Clown Fish.
53. Recently, which state government has added 'Pittu' to the sports calendar for the academic year
2024-25?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Rajasthan
[C] Gujarat
[D] Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Madhya Pradesh
The Madhya Pradesh government has added Pittu to its 2024-25 sports calendar for colleges. The aim is to
revive Pittu, a traditional game linked to Lord Krishna, mentioned in the Bhagavata Purana. Pittu is played
on a 26m x 14m field with two teams of six players, with four substitutes per team. The striker team knocks
over and reassembles seven colored tiles, while the defending team tries to stop them. Reviving Pittu
connects students with their heritage and gained attention after the Prime Minister's mention in 2021. It
was demonstrated during the National Games and had a Lagori World Cup in 2015-16.
54. 'Irula tribe', recently seen in the news, primarily resides in which states?
[A] Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand and Odisha
[B] Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan
[C] Odisha, Jharkhand and Bihar
[D] Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka
Answer: Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka
The Irula Snake Catchers' Industrial Cooperative Society, run by Irula tribals near Chennai, faces an
uncertain future. Irulas are one of India's oldest indigenous communities and are classified as a particularly
vulnerable tribal group (PVTG). They live mainly in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka and speak the Irula
language, related to Tamil and Kannada. Irulas are pantheists with a main deity, Kanniamma, associated
with the cobra. Traditionally skilled in hunting, herbal medicine, and snake-catching, they are experts in
snake rescue and venom extraction. Their cooperative supplies 80% of the venom used to produce anti-
snake venom in India.

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55. Kumaranallur Devi temple, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Odisha
[B] Karnataka
[C] Kerala
[D] Maharashtra
Answer: Kerala
The Kumaranallur Devi temple in Kottayam, Kerala, is undergoing a restoration project. The temple dates
back to the 10th century during King Cheraman Perumal’s reign and features a rare ‘Sree Chakra’ style in its
architecture. Its murals, spread across 14 sections, depict scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata,
starting with an image of Karthyayani Devi. Renowned mural artist Gopi Chavayur is restoring the murals,
which had faded over time. The first restoration in 1997 recreated 12 panels using traditional colours like
red, yellow, green, white, and black, with emphasis on lines. Unique elements include Goddess Parvathy
depicted in modern attire.
56. What are 'Trilobites', recently seen in news?
[A] A recently discovered exoplanet
[B] A group of extinct marine arthropods
[C] It is a zoonotic disease
[D] It is a benthic species
Answer: A group of extinct marine arthropods
A new study reveals a trilobite species with an extra set of legs under its head, based on fossils from New
York. Trilobites are extinct marine arthropods, meaning "three-part-body" in Latin. They appeared 521
million years ago during the Cambrian period and lived for 300 million years. Trilobites became extinct 251
million years ago due to the Permian mass extinction. Recognized by their three-lobed bodies, they had
exoskeletons made of chitin. They molted to grow, and most fossils are their molts. Trilobites were the first
animals to develop complex eyes and multiple limbs for movement. Fossils range from 1 cm to over 70 cm.
57. Recently, where was the third edition of the INDUS-X Summit held?
[A] Russia
[B] United States
[C] Australia
[D] United Kingdom
Answer: United States
The third INDUS-X Summit concluded in the US, advancing joint defence innovation between India and the
US. It was launched in 2023 during the Indian Prime Minister's state visit to the US. The goal is to expand
strategic tech partnerships and defence cooperation between governments, businesses, and academic
institutions in both countries. INDUS-X will serve as a defence innovation bridge, involving joint challenges,
innovation funds, and industry-startup collaborations. Focus areas include co-producing jet engines, long-
range artillery, and infantry vehicles. It is led by iDEX (India) and DIU (US).
58. Which ministry recently launched 'BHASKAR initiative' to provide comprehensive support to the
entrepreneurs?
[A] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
[B] Ministry of Science and Technology
[C] Ministry of Communication
[D] Ministry of Power
Answer: Ministry of Commerce and Industry
The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
has launched a digital platform called 'Bhaskar' to boost India's startup ecosystem. The platform is part of
the Bharat Startup Knowledge Access Registry (BHASKAR) initiative under the Startup India program. It is
designed to centralize and enhance collaboration among startups, service providers, investors, mentors,
and government bodies. The initiative aligns with India’s goal to become a global leader in innovation and
entrepreneurship. India has over 1,46,000 DPIIT-recognized startups, and BHASKAR aims to provide a one-
stop digital solution for challenges faced by entrepreneurs and investors.
59. Palamau Tiger Reserve, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Haryana
[B] Bihar
[C] Odisha
[D] Jharkhand
Answer: Jharkhand
Naxals have impacted the Palamau Tiger Reserve, as reported to the National Tiger Conservation Authority
(NTCA). Palamau Tiger Reserve is located in Jharkhand's Latehar district on the Chhotanagpur plateau and
includes Betla National Park. It is one of India's first nine tiger reserves under ‘Project Tiger’ and the first to
conduct a tiger census via pugmark count in 1932. The reserve spans 1,014 sq. km., with a core area of 414
sq. km.
60. Gopalpur Port, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Andhra Pradesh
[B] Gujarat
[C] Odisha
[D] Kerala
Answer: Odisha
Odisha government approved transferring 95% equity shares of Gopalpur Port to Adani Ports and Special
Economic Zone (APSEZ). Gopalpur Port is a deep draft, multi-cargo port on India's east coast, in Odisha.
The port handles 20 million metric tonnes of cargo annually. It is located between Paradip Port and
Visakhapatnam Port, serving Odisha, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh. The port's hinterland includes mineral-
rich areas with access to coal fields, steel, aluminium, and cement plants. It is well-connected, just 6 km
from the Howrah-Visakhapatnam-Chennai trunk route and near NH5 for road transport.
61. Recently, which ministry inaugurated the Centre for Rural Enterprise Acceleration through Technology
(CREATE) in Leh?
[A] Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
[B] Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
[C] Ministry of Science and Technology
[D] Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Union Minister for MSME, Shri Jitan Ram Manjhi, inaugurated the Centre for Rural Enterprise Acceleration
through Technology (CREATE) in Leh virtually. The event was attended by key dignitaries including the
Minister of State for MSME and the Lieutenant Governor of UT-Ladakh. The Chairman of KVIC, officials from
the Ministry of MSME, UT-Ladakh, KVIC, and MGIRI also participated. Around 200 local artisans were
present at the event.
62. Recently, where was the "G20 Agriculture Ministerial Meeting" held?
[A] Varanasi, India
[B] Cuiabá, Brazil

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[C] Moscow, Russia
[D] Beijing, China
Answer: Cuiabá, Brazil
India participated in the G20 Agriculture Ministerial Meeting in Cuiabá, Brazil on September 12-13, 2024.
Minister Ram Nath Thakur held talks with Japan, focusing on agricultural technology, cold storage, and
market access for Indian pomegranates and grapes. Discussions with Brazil covered ethanol production
and science cooperation; both aimed to finalize an MOU. Talks with the U.S. included climate-smart
agriculture, crop insurance, and market access for Indian fruits and vegetables. Germany focused on AI in
farming, agroecology, and organic farming. The UK discussed sustainability, precision breeding, and gene
editing. Spain and the UAE explored climate-resilient agriculture and technology collaboration.
63. Recently, the 4th South Asian Junior Athletics Championships was held at which place?
[A] Lucknow
[B] Chennai
[C] Hyderabad
[D] Bengaluru
Answer: Chennai
The 4th South Asian Junior Athletics Championships took place in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, from September
11-13, 2024. India dominated middle-distance races and throwing events, while Sri Lanka excelled in sprint
events. Sri Lanka won the men's 4x100m relay, while India secured silver. The Indian women won the
4x100m relay, with Sri Lanka second. Seven South Asian countries participated, with India sending the
largest team of 62 athletes. India topped the medal tally with 48 medals (21 gold), followed by Sri Lanka
with 35 medals, and Bangladesh secured third place with three bronze. Pakistan and Bhutan did not win any
medals.
64. Siddha Medicine, recently seen in news, originated from which part of India?
[A] South region
[B] North region
[C] Northeastern region
[D] Central region
Answer: South region
A recent study shows that a combination of 'Siddha' drugs can reduce anaemia among adolescent girls.
Siddha medicine is a traditional healing system that originated in South India, considered one of the oldest
medical systems in India. Its roots trace back to the Sangam Era, around 10,000 BC. The system was
developed by Siddhars, spiritual masters mostly from Tamil Nadu, who possessed special abilities called
siddhis. Agastyar, also known as Agasthya, is credited with founding the Siddha system. Siddha knowledge
has been passed down through generations in rural communities.
65. Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), recently mentioned in news, comes
under which ministry?
[A] Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways
[B] Ministry of Earth Sciences
[C] Ministry of Science and Technology
[D] Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
Answer: Ministry of Earth Sciences
The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) has launched the Integrated Ocean
Energy Atlas. This atlas identifies areas with high potential for generating energy from marine sources. It
includes data on various types of marine energy such as solar, wind, wave, tide, currents, ocean thermal,
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
and salinity gradients. The atlas is intended to help policymakers, industries, and researchers utilize energy
resources in India's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). INCOIS, established in 1999 as an autonomous body
under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, provides ocean data and advisory services to various sectors.
66. What is the theme of "8th INDIA WATER WEEK 2024"?
[A] Water Cooperation – Coping with 21st Century Challenges
[B] Water Security for Sustainable Development with Equity
[C] Partnership and cooperation for inclusive water development and management
[D] Water and Energy for Inclusive Growth
Answer: Partnership and cooperation for inclusive water development and management
President Draupadi Murmu inaugurated the 8th India Water Week on 17 September 2024 in New Delhi. The
event runs from 17 to 20 September 2024 and is held at Bharat Mandapam. The Union Jal Shakti Minister,
Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, was present at the inauguration. India Water Week is based on Stockholm Water
Week, focusing on water management and cooperation. The International Wash Conference 2024 is also
taking place alongside the event. The theme is "Partnerships and Cooperation for Inclusive Water
Development and Management."
67. Recently, the 127th anniversary of the 'Battle of Saragarhi' was observed on which day?
[A] 11 September 2024
[B] 12 September 2024
[C] 15 September 2024
[D] 17 September 2024
Answer: 12 September 2024
The 127th anniversary of the Battle of Saragarhi was celebrated on September 12, marking one of the
greatest last stands in military history. The battle took place on September 12, 1897, in the North-West
Frontier Province of British India, at Saragarhi post. 21 soldiers from the 36th Sikh regiment, led by Havildar
Ishar Singh, fought against over 8,000 tribal militants. Punjab declared September 12 as Saragarhi Day in
2017. The British built an obelisk for the martyrs, and the Pakistani Khyber Scouts still honor the memorial.
Saragarhi post was crucial for linking two British forts, Lockhart and Gulistan, to monitor Afghan
movements.
68. According to the National Jute Board, jute production is anticipated to decline by what percentage in the
fiscal year 2024-25?
[A] 15%
[B] 20%
[C] 25%
[D] 10%
Answer: 20%
According to the National Jute Board, jute production is anticipated to decline by 20% in the fiscal year
2024-25 primarily due to natural calamities, with floods significantly impacting cultivation areas in key jute-
producing states like West Bengal and Assam; this disruption is expected to considerably affect the overall
jute yield.
69. Recently, which organization has released "Ozone and UV Bulletin"?
[A] World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
[B] United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
[C] World Bank
[D] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
Answer: World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) released the 2nd Edition of the Ozone and UV Bulletin on
World Ozone Day (16 September). This day celebrates the Montreal Protocol and its amendment, the Kigali
Agreement. The theme for this year is "Montreal Protocol: Advancing Climate Actions." Key findings show
the ozone layer is recovering, with ozone-depleting substances (ODS) decreasing. Full recovery is expected
by 2066 over Antarctica, 2045 over the Arctic, and 2040 globally. The Kigali Amendment could reduce global
warming by 0.5°C by 2100. Ozone depletion is mainly caused by ODS, especially in the Antarctic.
70. Fast-track special courts (FTSCs), recently seen in the news, is a centrally sponsored scheme, launched
in which year?
[A] 2020
[B] 2021
[C] 2022
[D] 2019
Answer: 2019
Fast Track Special Courts (FTSCs) are more efficient in handling rape cases and those under the Protection
of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act. FTSCs were launched in 2019 under a centrally sponsored
scheme, extended until 2026. The Centre funds FTSCs through the Nirbhaya Fund, and the Department of
Justice implements the scheme. The goal is swift disposal of rape and POCSO cases. Currently, 755 FTSCs,
including 410 exclusive POCSO courts, are operational across 30 states/UTs. In 2022, FTSCs resolved 83%
of cases, compared to 10% in conventional courts.
71. Recently, who became the new Chief Minister of NCT Delhi?
[A] Vijay Singla
[B] Arvind Kejriwal
[C] Atishi Marlena
[D] Raghav Chadha
Answer: Atishi Marlena
On 17 September 2024, Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) elected Atishi Marlena as the new Chief Minister of Delhi.
This followed the resignation of Arvind Kejriwal, who stepped down after facing corruption charges in the
Delhi Liquor Excise case. Kejriwal, a three-time Chief Minister, tendered his resignation to Lieutenant
Governor V.K. Saxena after being granted bail. Atishi Marlena, MLA from Kalkaji, becomes the third woman
and eighth person to serve as Delhi's Chief Minister. Delhi’s Legislative Assembly term ends on 11 February
2025, with AAP holding 62 seats from the 2020 election.
72. Which country won the 'Men's Asian Hockey Champions Trophy 2024'?
[A] India
[B] China
[C] Pakistan
[D] South Korea
Answer: India
The Indian men's hockey team, led by Harmanpreet Singh, won the Men’s Asian Hockey Champions Trophy
for a record fifth time on 17 September 2024. India defeated China 1-0 in the final held at Moqi Hockey
Training Base, China, with Jugraj Singh scoring the winning goal in the 51st minute. India had won the
trophy previously in 2011, 2016, 2018, and 2023. India remained unbeaten in the tournament, defeating
China, Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, and Pakistan. China reached their first-ever final, while Pakistan
secured 3rd place after defeating South Korea. Craig Fulton is the Indian team’s coach.

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
73. Recently, where was the second edition of the 'National Anti Doping Agency (NADA) India Inclusion
Conclave' held?
[A] Chennai
[B] Bhopal
[C] Hyderabad
[D] New Delhi
Answer: New Delhi
The 2nd NADA India Inclusion Conclave took place in New Delhi on September 18, 2024, following the first
conclave held in December 2022. It was held alongside international meetings under the UNESCO anti-
doping convention on September 17-18. Union Ministers Mansukh Mandaviya and Raksha Nikhil Khadse
attended the inauguration. Organised by NADA under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, the conclave
aims to raise anti-doping awareness among para-athletes. India had the highest doping cases in 2022, and
a WADA report from January 2024 ranked India second in doping cases by minors, after Russia.
74. Recently, which state government has established 42 ecological laboratories to monitor the impact of
climate change on forest?
[A] Himachal Pradesh
[B] Uttarakhand
[C] Madhya Pradesh
[D] Maharashtra
Answer: Uttarakhand
The Uttarakhand Forest department has set up 42 ecological laboratories to study climate change effects
on forests. These labs will track changes like early flowering in rhododendrons and Brahmakamal and
monitor how high temperatures impact litchis. The labs, also known as 'living laboratories,' are spread
across diverse ecosystems, from Terai to alpine meadows. Uttarakhand, with its 46 forest types, is
significant for global climate change research.
75. Recently, Jafar Hassan has become the new prime minister of which country?
[A] Qatar
[B] Jordan
[C] Iraq
[D] Iran
Answer: Jordan
Jordan's King Abdullah II appointed Jaffer Hassan as the new Prime Minister, replacing Bishar Khasawane.
Hassan was instructed to support the Palestinians. He will focus on reducing the economic impact of the
Gaza War. Hassan will also address the decline in tourism, a vital sector for Jordan's economy. Jordan is
located in the Middle East, between Asia, Africa, and Europe. It's bordered by Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Syria, Israel,
and the West Bank of Palestine.
76. What is the total financial outlay recently approved by the Union Cabinet for "Venus Orbiter Mission
(VOM)"?
[A] Rs.1236 Cr
[B] Rs.536 Cr
[C] Rs.1539 Cr
[D] Rs.1400 Cr
Answer: Rs.1236 Cr
The Union Cabinet of India approved the Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) to study Venus. The mission aims to
explore Venus's surface, subsurface, and atmosphere, and understand the Sun's influence on it. It will help
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
uncover why Venus, once similar to Earth, became uninhabitable. The mission will address key scientific
questions and provide valuable insights into the evolution of both Venus and Earth. ISRO will develop and
launch the spacecraft, with a planned launch window in March 2028. The project cost is Rs. 1236 crore, with
Rs. 824 crore allocated for the spacecraft and related elements.
77. Houthis, an armed religious and political group, is associated with which country?
[A] Qatar
[B] Israel
[C] Jordan
[D] Yemen
Answer: Yemen
Yemen's Houthi rebels recently launched a ballistic missile that struck near Tel Aviv, Israel's commercial
hub. The Houthis, also known as Ansar Allah, are an Iranian-backed Shiite Muslim group in Yemen. They
follow the Zaidi sect, a minority within the Shiite community, differing from dominant Shiite groups in Iran
and Iraq. The Houthis, a significant minority in predominantly Sunni Yemen, emerged in the 1990s, initially
seeking tribal autonomy and resisting Western influence. They have been in conflict with Yemen's Sunni-
majority government since 2004 and control much of northern Yemen. The group is known for its anti-
American and anti-Semitic stance.
78. Which organization recently published the report named 'State of the Rhino 2024' report?
[A] World Bank
[B] International Rhino Foundation (IRF)
[C] United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
[D] World Wide Fund for Nature
Answer: International Rhino Foundation (IRF)
International Rhino Foundation recently published the report named 'State of the Rhino 2024' report. It
highlights positive trends for Greater One-Horned Rhinos. Their population has increased by 20% in the last
decade, now exceeding 4,000. They are found in the Indo-Nepal Terai, northern West Bengal, and Assam.
India has 3,262 Greater One-Horned Rhinos (2021), mostly in Assam. Over 90% of them are in Kaziranga
National Park.
79. India hosts the second edition of the 'Global Food Regulators Summit' in which city?
[A] Lucknow
[B] New Delhi
[C] Pune
[D] Indore
Answer: New Delhi
India hosts the second Global Food Regulators Summit from September 19-21, 2024, in New Delhi. It is
organized by FSSAI under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Delegates from over 70 countries are
expected, with 5,000 attending in person and 1.5 lakh joining virtually. The summit aims to enhance global
collaboration on food safety, risk assessment, and regulatory strategies. FSSAI will launch new initiatives
like the Food Import Rejection Alert Portal, Food Import Clearance System 2.0, and update the State Food
Safety Index 2024.
80. Recently, who has been appointed as the new head coach of the Indian senior women's football team?
[A] Jaspreet Singh
[B] Raghav Kumar
[C] Santosh Kashyap

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[D] Ayush Sinha
Answer: Santosh Kashyap
Santosh Kashyap has been appointed as the head coach of the Indian senior women's football team by the
All India Football Federation (AIFF). Priya PV is the assistant coach, and Raghuvir Pravin Khanolkar is the
goalkeeper coach. Kashyap's first task will be the SAFF Women's Championships in Kathmandu, Nepal,
from October 17 to 30. A 29-member squad will train in Goa starting from September 20 to prepare for the
championships.
81. Recently, which country has announced plans to cull 200 elephants due to severe drought?
[A] Vietnam
[B] Indonesia
[C] Zimbabwe
[D] Singapore
Answer: Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe plans to cull 200 elephants to help feed communities facing severe hunger due to the worst
drought in 40 years. The El Niño-induced drought affected 68 million people in southern Africa, causing
widespread food shortages. The cull, the first since 1988, will occur in Hwange, Mbire, Tsholotsho, and
Chiredzi districts, and follows Namibia’s recent cull of 83 elephants. The culling aims to provide food and
reduce the elephant population, which exceeds the parks' capacity of 55,000. Zimbabwe has over 84,000
elephants and has been advocating for the reopening of ivory trade to manage its $600,000 worth of
stockpiles.
82. Which ministry recently organized the "International WASH Conference 2024"?
[A] Ministry of Agriculture
[B] Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change
[C] Ministry of Jal Shakti
[D] Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
Answer: Ministry of Jal Shakti
The International WASH Conference 2024, organized by the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation,
Ministry of Jal Shakti, held from September 17-21 in New Delhi. It aims to promote dialogue and
collaboration for equitable and efficient water resource use for current and future generations. The
conference theme is ‘Sustaining Rural Water Supply’ and will focus on addressing global water, sanitation,
and hygiene (WASH) challenges. It serves as a platform for sharing knowledge, showcasing innovations,
and best practices. The event has a special focus on achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6).
83. What are "Pheromones", recently seen in news?
[A] Newly discovered galaxy
[B] Chemical substances secreted outside the body
[C] Type of bacteria which spreads faster from person to person
[D] AI tool
Answer: Chemical substances secreted outside the body
Indian scientists have developed a sustainable pheromone dispenser that allows controlled release,
potentially reducing pest control costs. Pheromones are chemical substances secreted by an individual and
detected by others of the same species, particularly in bodily secretions like sweat. They are categorized as
ecto-hormones, meaning they are released outside the body. Various animals use pheromones to trigger
behaviors, while some fungi and algae use them in reproduction to attract complementary cell types.
84. Valmiki Tiger Reserve, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[A] Bihar
[B] Odisha
[C] Jharkhand
[D] Haryana
Answer: Bihar
A leopard was recently found dead in the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) in West Champaran, Bihar. The
reserve is located at the India-Nepal border and covers about 880 sq. km, making it Bihar's only tiger
reserve. It includes the Valmiki National Park and Valmiki Wild Sanctuary. The reserve marks the
easternmost edge of the Himalayan Terai forests in India and lies in the Gangetic Plains bio-geographic
zone. It is bordered by the Royal Chitwan National Park in Nepal to the north and the Gandak River to the
west. Major rivers like Gandak, Pandai, and others flow through the reserve.
85. Which country is the host of "World Audio Visual & Entertainment Summit (WAVES) 2025"?
[A] France
[B] India
[C] Nepal
[D] Russia
Answer: India
India will host the World Audio Visual & Entertainment Summit (WAVES) from February 5-9, 2025. The
summit aims to boost India's media and entertainment sector and enhance its global presence. WAVES is
the first global summit covering all areas of the media and entertainment industry. It seeks to promote
dialogue, trade partnerships, and innovation among industry leaders.
86. Gingee Fort, recently nominated for UNESCO World Heritage site, is located in which state?
[A] Andhra Pradesh
[B] Tamil Nadu
[C] Karnataka
[D] Maharashtra
Answer: Tamil Nadu
The Gingee Fort, situated in Tamil Nadu's Villupuram district, has been nominated for UNESCO’s World
Heritage Site. The fort is part of the Maratha Military Landscapes nomination for UNESCO World Heritage
Site status in 2024-25. The nomination includes 12 components, with 11 sites in Maharashtra and Gingee
Fort as the only site from Tamil Nadu. Known as the ‘Troy of the East’, Gingee Fort located atop three
hillocks- Rajagiri, Krishnagiri and Chandragiri. It was built by Ananta Kon of the Konar Dynasty in 1,200 CE. It
has seen rule by the Vijayanagar Nayaks, Marathas, Mughals, Nawabs, French, and British.
87. Which day is observed as "World Alzheimer's Day" every year?
[A] 20 September
[B] 21 September
[C] 22 September
[D] 23 September
Answer: 21 September
World Alzheimer's Day is observed on September 21 to raise awareness and challenge stigma around
Alzheimer's and dementia. The theme for 2024 is "Time to act on dementia, Time to act on Alzheimer's."
The focus is on reducing the stigma and discrimination associated with dementia.
88. Shinku La Tunnel, recently seen in the news, improves connectivity between which two states/UTs?
[A] Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[B] Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh
[C] Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh
[D] J & K and Uttarakhand
Answer: Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh
The Shinku La Tunnel is a strategic infrastructure project aimed at enhancing year-round connectivity
between Manali (Himachal Pradesh) and Leh (Ladakh), reducing travel distance significantly. Expected to
open soon, this 4.1-km long tunnel will facilitate the transportation of essential supplies to Indian Army
troops stationed in Ladakh, especially during harsh winter months when passes are closed due to heavy
snowfall. This development is crucial for ensuring the logistical support necessary for troop sustenance
and operational readiness in the region, particularly following increased military deployments since the
Galwan clash in 2020.
89. Emu, a flightless bird recently in news, is native to which country?
[A] Australia
[B] China
[C] India
[D] Indonesia
Answer: Australia
Researchers have discovered that emu wing bones exhibit significant shortening and asymmetrical fusion,
driven by differences in embryonic movement. This study sheds light on the evolutionary processes that
shape skeletal structures in these unique birds. Emus are flightless running birds from the ratite family, one
of the most primitive modern bird families. They are the second-largest living birds, after ostriches. Emus
are found only in Australia, inhabiting diverse regions from coastal areas to high mountains.
90. Recently, which country signed agreements under the US-led Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for
Prosperity (IPEF) on clean and fair economy?
[A] India
[B] Nepal
[C] Bhutan
[D] Myanmar
Answer: India
India signed agreements on clean and fair economy under the US-led Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for
Prosperity (IPEF) during PM Modi’s US visit. These agreements focus on clean energy development, climate-
friendly technologies, anti-corruption measures, and tax transparency. IPEF was introduced by US President
Biden in October 2021 and officially launched in May 2023 in Tokyo. It aims to boost economic growth,
peace, and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific region without lowering tariff barriers. IPEF includes four pillars:
trade facilitation, digital economy standards, supply chain resilience, and decarbonization.
91. Operation Flood, recently seen in the news, is an initiative that transformed which sector in India?
[A] Textile
[B] Dairy
[C] Agriculture
[D] Fisheries
Answer: Dairy
Operation Flood, launched in 1970, was pivotal in establishing India's dairy sector, leading to the White
Revolution. This initiative aimed to increase milk production and improve rural livelihoods through
cooperative societies. As a result, India became the world's largest milk producer, with a daily procurement
target set to rise significantly by 2028-29. The government is now focusing on "White Revolution 2.0" to
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
enhance cooperative coverage and empower dairy farmers, particularly women, while generating
employment in the sector.
92. Which organization developed 'Food Import Rejection Alerts' portal, recently launched at the Global Food
Regulators Summit 2024?
[A] Food Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)
[B] Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
[C] National Institute of Food Technology
[D] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Answer: Food Safety Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)
The Food Import Rejection Alerts (FIRA) portal was launched at the Global Food Regulators Summit 2024 by
FSSAI. This online portal notifies about food import rejections at Indian borders. It aims to inform the public
and food safety authorities about these rejections. The portal facilitates quick information exchange on
food safety and health risks globally. It enables authorities to take immediate action to prevent risks. FIRA
also serves as a database for tracking rejected food products, improving risk management.
93. Navegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve (NNTR), recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Rajasthan
[B] Haryana
[C] Maharashtra
[D] Gujarat
Answer: Maharashtra
The dominant male tiger, T9, of the Navegaon-Nagzira Tiger Reserve (NNTR) has died. NNTR covers 653.67
sq.km. in the Gondia and Bhandara districts of Maharashtra. It lies in the central Indian Tiger Landscape,
which holds about one-sixth of India’s tiger population. It was declared a tiger reserve in 2013. It is
Maharashtra's fifth tiger reserve. NNTR includes Nawegaon National Park, Nawegaon, Nagzira, New
Nagzira, and Koka Wildlife Sanctuaries. It has connections with Kanha, Pench, and Tadoba Tiger Reserves.
94. Which institute has recently conducted research on nanozymes for ensuring collagen integrity?
[A] Indian Institute of Science
[B] CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
[C] National Institute of Biomedical Science
[D] Indian Council of Agricultural Research
Answer: CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI) researchers found that nanozymes protect collagen and
resist enzymatic degradation. Nanozymes are artificial enzymes made from materials like metals, metal
oxides, or carbon. They are more stable, cost-effective, durable, and easier to mass-produce than biological
enzymes. Nanozymes work well in various conditions of temperature and pH. They are used in treating
cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, infections, wounds, and diseases linked to
Reactive Oxygen Species.
95. Which telescope was recently used by astronomers to detect the new millisecond pulsar in the Terzan 6
globular cluster?
[A] Hubble Space Telescope
[B] Green Bank Telescope (GBT)
[C] Chandra X-ray Observatory
[D] James Webb Space Telescope
Answer: Green Bank Telescope (GBT)

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Astronomers using the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) discovered a new millisecond pulsar in the Terzan 6
globular cluster. Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars that emit radiation in regular pulses, from
seconds to milliseconds. They have strong magnetic fields, funneling particle jets along magnetic poles,
producing powerful beams of light. These beams are swept around as the star rotates due to misalignment
between the magnetic field and spin axis. The pulsar appears to "switch off" when the light faces away from
Earth, creating its periodic pulses.
96. What percentage drop in poaching of the greater one-horned rhino has been recorded since 2016?
[A] 50%
[B] 67%
[C] 86%
[D] 90%
Answer: 86%
Kaziranga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Assam, is famous for its population of the Indian
one-horned rhinoceros. The park has seen an 86% reduction in rhino poaching since 2016. The greater one-
horned rhino, also known as the Indian rhinoceros, is the largest Asian rhino species. Its scientific name is
Rhinoceros unicornis. These rhinos are primarily found in India and Nepal, especially in the Himalayan
foothills.
97. Recently, Ministry of Power has inaugurated Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)-Power
facility in which city?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Hyderabad
[C] Chennai
[D] Gandhinagar
Answer: New Delhi
The Union Minister of Power inaugurated the CSIRT-POWER facility in New Delhi. It was launched by the
Ministry of Power following the National Cyber Security Policy, in collaboration with CERT-In. CSIRT-POWER
is equipped with advanced infrastructure and cybersecurity tools to address emerging threats. Its goal is to
strengthen cybersecurity resilience in India's power sector through a coordinated approach. It is set up
under the Central Electricity Authority, with CERT-In leading efforts to manage incidents and cybersecurity
activities in the power sector.
98. Recently, a rainwater harvesting project in which state uncovered megalithic urn burials?
[A] Andhra Pradesh
[B] Kerala
[C] Karnataka
[D] Maharashtra
Answer: Kerala
A rainwater harvesting project in Kerala revealed many megalithic urn burials on Kundlikkad hill. These
findings, over 2,500 years old, show unique urn features and organized burial techniques. Researchers
discovered different pottery styles and chisel marks on rocks, offering insights into the historical
connections between the Mesolithic and Iron Age periods. This unusual combination of remains is essential
for understanding ancient cultural practices in Kerala.
99. Recently, where was the fifth edition of Goa Maritime Symposium (GMS -24) held?
[A] Goa
[B] Kochi

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[C] Gandhinagar
[D] Bombay
Answer: Goa
Indian Navy hosted the fifth Goa Maritime Symposium at the Naval War College in Goa. This symposium
promotes collaboration and understanding among India and key maritime nations in the Indian Ocean
Region. The theme for 2024 is "Common Maritime Security Challenges in the Indian Ocean Region,"
focusing on issues like illegal fishing and maritime crimes. Representatives from 12 Indian Ocean countries,
including Bangladesh, Maldives, and Thailand, participated, along with observers from Kenya and Tanzania.
The Goa Maritime Symposium was started by the Indian Navy in 2016 and is held every two years.
100. Recently, Russia and China launched the "Ocean-24" naval exercise in which water body?
[A] Black Sea
[B] South China Sea
[C] Sea of Japan
[D] Red Sea
Answer: Sea of Japan
Russia and China have launched joint naval exercises, "Ocean-24," in the Sea of Japan, highlighting their
growing military cooperation. The Sea of Japan is a marginal sea in the western Pacific, bordered by Russia,
North Korea, South Korea, and Japan. It connects to the East China Sea, Okhotsk Sea, Inland Sea of Japan,
and the Pacific Ocean through various straits. The deepest point of the Sea of Japan is the Dohoku
Seamount, an underwater volcano. These exercises signal significant geopolitical movements in the region.
101. Recently, which community became the 6th PVTG to get habitat rights over forests in Odisha?
[A] Gadaba community
[B] Sora community
[C] Bhumia community
[D] Mankidia community
Answer: Mankidia community
The Mankidia community in Odisha is now the 6th Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) to gain
habitat rights over forests. They are a semi-nomadic group, part of the Birhor tribe, living primarily off the
forest. Mankidias are hunters and gatherers, known for their wandering lifestyle and temporary settlements
called Kumbhas. They speak a form of the Munda language and some also speak Odia. Their beliefs center
around spirits and ancestors, with Logobir and Budhimai as their supreme deities. The community is found
in Odisha, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, and West Bengal.
102. Which Indian players clinched the Hangzhou Open 2024 (ATP 250) men's doubles title by defeating
Germany?
[A] Digvijay Pratap and Suresh Kumar
[B] Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan and Vijay Sundar Prashanth
[C] Vijay Amritraj and Sidharth Rawat
[D] Mukund Sasikumar and Prajnesh Gunneswaran
Answer: Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan and Vijay Sundar Prashanth
India's Jeevan Nedunchezhiyan and Vijay Sundar Prashanth won the Hangzhou Open 2024 doubles title.
They defeated Germany's Constantin Frantzen and Hendrik Jebens in the final. The Indian pair came from
behind to win 4-6, 7(7)-6(5), 10-7 in one hour and 49 minutes. This was their first ATP Tour title together and
Jeevan’s second career ATP title.
103. Dengue fever, which has surged globally, is primarily transmitted by which mosquito species?

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[A] Aedes aegypti
[B] Anopheles stephensi
[C] Culex pipiens
[D] Aedes albopictus
Answer: Aedes aegypti
Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This mosquito thrives
in urban areas, particularly in clean, stagnant water, making densely populated regions susceptible to
outbreaks. In 2024, more than 12 million cases were reported globally, with significant spikes in countries
like Brazil and India. The rise in dengue cases is attributed to factors such as urbanization, climate change,
and increased global movement, which facilitate the spread of the virus and its vectors. Preventative
measures include reducing mosquito breeding sites and personal protection against bites.
104. Recently, which airport has been named as "Jagadguru Sant Tukaram Maharaj Airport"?
[A] Jorhat Airport
[B] Gaya Airport
[C] Pune Airport
[D] Raipur Airport
Answer: Pune Airport
The Maharashtra government approved renaming Pune airport as Jagadguru Sant Tukaram Maharaj Pune
International Airport. Sant Tukaram Maharaj was a 17th-century Marathi poet and Hindu saint. He is widely
known as Tuka, Tukobaraya, or Tukoba in Maharashtra.
105. What is the name of Karnataka's first gas-based power plant, recently inaugurated by state's chief
minister?
[A] Yelahanka Combined Cycle Power Plant
[B] Belagavi gas power plant
[C] Siddaramaiah Gas Plant
[D] None of the Above
Answer: Yelahanka Combined Cycle Power Plant
Karnataka inaugurated its first gas-based power plant, Yelahanka Combined Cycle Power Plant (YCCPP),
built for ₹2,500 crore. It generates 370.05 MW of power using both gas and steam turbine generators.
Developed in partnership with GAIL, the plant aims to enhance the state's energy reliability and
sustainability. The plant boosts Karnataka’s energy production, targeting 10,000 MW capacity alongside
other plants.
106. Recently, the Bihar government has decided to cull which animals to protect farmers from crop
damage?
[A] Nilgai and Wild Boars
[B] Monkeys
[C] Elephants
[D] Wild cats
Answer: Nilgai and Wild Boars
The Bihar government has decided to cull Nilgai (blue bulls) and wild boars in five districts to protect
farmers from crop damage. This initiative will begin in five districts: East Champaran, Vaishali, Buxar,
Siwan, and Samastipur. The decision follows extensive discussions with officials and aims to alleviate the
burden on farmers, who face losses due to these animals. The culling will adhere to established regulations,
with the Agriculture Department covering associated costs.

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
107. What is the name of the Indian Naval Sailing Vessel embarking on the Navika Sagar Parikrama II
expedition?
[A] INS Vikrant
[B] INS Tarini
[C] INS Kolkata
[D] INS Arihant
Answer: INS Tarini
The Navika Sagar Parikrama II expedition features the Indian Naval Sailing Vessel Tarini, which will navigate
21,600 nautical miles around the globe. This mission, led by Lieutenant Commander Roopa A and
Lieutenant Commander Dilna K, emphasizes India's maritime heritage and commitment to empowerment
and innovation. The expedition will challenge the crew with treacherous waters, including passages around
Cape Leeuwin, Cape Horn, and the Cape of Good Hope, showcasing their resilience and spirit.
108. Recently, where was the ‘Global Aerospace Summit 2024’ held?
[A] Paris
[B] Abu Dhabi
[C] New Delhi
[D] Moscow
Answer: Abu Dhabi
The Global Aerospace Summit, held in Abu Dhabi, focuses on sustainability, youth engagement, and
innovation in the aerospace, space, and defense sectors. Key themes include advancements in aerospace
technology, investment strategies, and the integration of emerging technologies like AI and hydrogen-
powered aircraft. Industry leaders and government officials discuss the future of air travel and the space
economy, which is projected to reach $1.8 trillion by 2035. The event emphasizes Abu Dhabi's role as a
leading aerospace hub and its contribution to economic growth through the aviation industry
109. Which is the nodal agency for implementing Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement, recently
signed by India at the UNGA?
[A] Ministry of External Affairs
[B] Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change
[C] Ministry of Earth Sciences
[D] Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: Ministry of Earth Sciences
India officially joined the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement on September 25,
2024. The agreement, known as the "High Seas Treaty," protects marine biodiversity in international waters.
External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar signed the agreement at the UN General Assembly in New York. The
Union Cabinet, led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the agreement in July 2024. The Union
Ministry of Earth Science will implement the BBNJ agreement in India.
110. Which day is observed as "World Environmental Health Day" every year?
[A] 24 September
[B] 25 September
[C] 26 September
[D] 27 September
Answer: 26 September
World Environmental Health Day is observed on September 26 each year to highlight the link between a
healthy environment and human well-being. Initiated by the International Federation of Environmental Health
(IFEH) in 2011, the day emphasizes the need for environmental protection. The 2024 theme is
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
“Environmental Health: Creating Resilient Communities through Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate
Change Mitigation and Adaptation.” This theme focuses on addressing pollution, waste management, and
sanitation to create safe communities. The goal is to promote resilience against climate impacts to
enhance public health and environmental sustainability.
111. What is "Caldwell 45", recently highlighted by NASA?
[A] Spiral galaxy
[B] Asteroid
[C] Black hole
[D] Exo planet
Answer: Spiral galaxy
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope shared a video of the spiral galaxy Caldwell 45 (NGC 5248). Spiral galaxies
are collections of stars and gas, featuring spiral arms extending from their center. These galaxies contain
young, hot stars and are known for their beautiful shapes. Around 60% of discovered galaxies are spiral,
including the Milky Way. Spiral galaxies have a central bulge surrounded by a flat, rotating disk of stars.
They are distinct from elliptical and irregular galaxies.
112. Recently, where was the second edition of the India Sugar & Bio-Energy Conference organized?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Hyderabad
[C] Chennai
[D] Bhopal
Answer: New Delhi
Indian Sugar & Bio-Energy Manufacturers Association (ISMA) hosted the India Sugar & Bio Energy
Conference at New Delhi on September 26-27, 2024. The conference highlighted the importance of
integrating biofuels into the economy to support a green transition. The theme was "Harmonising Sweet
Sustainability: Navigating India’s Path to a Green Economy." The event aimed to bring together
policymakers, industry leaders, and stakeholders to discuss growth opportunities in the sugar and bio-
energy sectors. India has become the third largest producer and consumer of Ethanol, driven by government
initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable energy sources.
113. Monocled Cobra (Naja kaouthia), recently highlighted in research, is primarily found in which region of
India?
[A] Eastern and northeastern India
[B] Western India
[C] Central India
[D] Southern India
Answer: Eastern and northeastern India
Researchers recently studied the diversity of the Monocled Cobra (Naja kaouthia) across different regions
using proteomic and biochemical methods. This venomous species is found widely in South and Southeast
Asia and includes populations known as the "Indian spitting cobra" due to their ability to spit venom.
Monocled cobras prefer wet habitats like paddy fields and mangroves but can also live in grasslands and
human settlements. They are found in eastern and northeastern India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and
other countries. They help maintain ecological balance by controlling pests like rats and mice. Their
conservation status is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN Red List.
114. Which state government recently launched the 'Darshini' program to offering immersive educational
tours to students?

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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
[A] Odisha
[B] Karnataka
[C] Telangana
[D] Maharashtra
Answer: Telangana
Telangana launched the 'Telangana Darshini' scheme to provide students with immersive learning
experiences through educational tours. The programme is managed by the Youth Advancement, Tourism,
and Culture Department. It aims to take school and college students to heritage sites, historical
monuments, urban areas, and scientific institutions across the state. The initiative is tailored for students
from class 2 to graduation, offering learning experiences suited to different age groups. The scheme
promotes meaningful engagement with the state's history, culture, and modern developments.
115. India was recently elected to the GlobE Network’s Steering Committee. What is the objective of the
GloBE Network?
[A] Promote international trade
[B] Combat corruption through collaboration and information sharing
[C] Regulate financial markets
[D] Develop economic policies
Answer: Combat corruption through collaboration and information sharing
India was recently elected to the GloBE Network's Steering Committee during a session in Beijing. The
GloBE Network, launched in June 2021, is a G-20 initiative to combat global corruption. It now has 121
member countries and 219 member authorities, including India’s CBI and ED, with the Ministry of Home
Affairs as the central authority. The Steering Committee consists of one chair, one vice-chair, and 13
members. The network facilitates sharing best practices and criminal intelligence to fight corruption,
supported by UNODC. India’s G-20 Presidency in 2023 emphasized leveraging the GloBE Network.
116. Andro, recently bagged ‘Best Heritage Tourism Village Award 2024’, is located in which state?
[A] Manipur
[B] Nagaland
[C] Assam
[D] Mizoram
Answer: Manipur
Andro Village in Manipur won the Best Tourism Village award in the Heritage category at the 2024 Best
Tourism Villages Competition. The award was given by the Ministry of Tourism during World Tourism Day
celebrations in New Delhi. The village's rich cultural heritage and unique traditions, including centuries-old
fire worship, contributed to its selection. Andro Village's cultural heritage and historical temple attract
tourists from around the world. Tourism has boosted income and job opportunities for locals, with the
community actively involved in promoting and sustaining their heritage.
117. The "Three Gorges Dam", recently mentioned in the news, is located on which river in China?
[A] Yellow River
[B] Mekong River
[C] Yangtze River
[D] Pearl River
Answer: Yangtze River
NASA scientists suggest China's Three Gorges Dam may affect Earth's rotation due to shifting massive
amounts of water. Located on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, it's the world's largest hydroelectric
power station. The dam, completed in 2012, is 2,335 meters long and 185 meters high. Its reservoir holds
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 Current Affairs [PDF] - September 16-30, 2024
40 cubic kilometers of water, generating up to 22,500 megawatts of electricity. It uses water from the
Qutangxia, Wuxia, and Xilingxia gorges to spin turbines. The dam also boosts shipping capacity and helps
reduce flood risks downstream.
118. Recently, where was the 21st Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA) Zone III Conference
organized?
[A] Kohima, Nagaland
[B] Gangtok, Sikkim
[C] Aizawl, Mizoram
[D] Shillong, Meghalaya
Answer: Aizawl, Mizoram
Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla inaugurated the 21st Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA) Zone III
Conference in Aizawl, Mizoram, on September 27-28, 2024. The theme was “Democratic Sanctity,
Transparency, Accountability, and Results from Democracy.” It aims to enhance democratic governance and
parliamentary systems, providing a platform for collaboration among over 180 legislatures from 54 member
countries. It facilitates discussions on legislative issues and best practices, promoting commitments to
democracy. The CPA India Region, formed in 2004, focuses on regional conferences, reflecting the
importance of democratic institutions, especially in diverse areas like Northeast India, where socio-
economic development is a priority.
119. China’s Smart Dragon-3 rocket, recently in the news, is designed for launching what type of satellites?
[A] Communication
[B] Remote-sensing
[C] Navigation
[D] Weather
Answer: Remote-sensing
The Smart Dragon-3 rocket, developed by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, is specifically
designed to carry remote-sensing satellites into sun-synchronous orbit (SSO). This orbit allows for
consistent lighting conditions for Earth observation, making it ideal for remote-sensing applications.
Operated by China Rocket, a commercial spinoff, the Smart Dragon-3 highlights China's advancing
capabilities in space technology and satellite deployment, significantly impacting areas such as agriculture,
urban planning, and environmental monitoring.
120. Nanjangud rasabale banana, recently seen in the news, is mainly cultivated in which state?
[A] Karnataka
[B] Tamil Nadu
[C] Andhra Pradesh
[D] Odisha
Answer: Karnataka
The Nanjangud rasabale banana, once scarce due to a fungal disease, is thriving again in Karnataka's
Mysore and Chamarajanagar districts. It received the Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2006 for its unique
taste and thick pulp. This banana has a distinct aroma and flavor not found in other varieties. It grows best
in black clay alluvial saline soil, contributing to its unique qualities. The fruit has medicinal properties,
believed to cure neurological ailments. Farmers face threats from Panama Wilt disease, caused by the
Fuserium Wilt pathogen.
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