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After Mid Chapter 4_Earths Environment

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9 views19 pages

After Mid Chapter 4_Earths Environment

Uploaded by

Basim Ahamed Shikto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Earth’s

Environment
Environment and Its
Pollution

The term environment has been derived from a French word “Environia”
means to surround. It refers to both abiotic (physical or non-living) and
biotic (living) environment. The word environment means surroundings,
in which organisms live. Environment and the organisms are two
dynamic and complex component of nature.

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Pollution
 Air Pollution
 Water Pollution
 Soil Pollution
 Noise Pollution

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Objectives of Environmental
Management

 Identify the sources of Environmental Degradation

 Regulate exploitation of natural resources

 Innovate and apply environment friendly technology

 Make the people aware

 Ensures sustainable development

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Conservation of Nature
 Biodiversity must be maintained

 All natural resources must be preserved

 Resources must be used in a balanced way

 Appropriate air and water quality must be maintained

 Alternative resources must be thought of

“Maintenance of pristine form of the globe”


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Environmental Pollution

 Global

 Regional

 Local

 Plant

 Contained Environment

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Global Level of
Environment

 Abiotic or non-living
 (Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere)

 Biotic or living

 Energy

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The Atmosphere

 The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air, which is called


atmosphere.

 It reaches over 560 km from the surface of the earth.

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Layers of Atmosphere

 Troposphere
 Stratosphere
 Mesosphere
 Thermosphere
 Beyond the atmosphere

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Air Pressure

 Air pressure is simply the weight of air above an object.


 Air pressure depends on the number of air molecules in a given
volume above an object and how fast the molecules are moving.

 Pressure varies from day to day at the Earth’s surface - the bottom
of the atmosphere.

 Places where the air pressure is high, are called high pressure
systems and where it is low is called the low pressure system.
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Transfer of Heat Energy

 Energy from the sun is transferred through space and through the
earth's atmosphere to the earth's surface.

- Radiation

- Conduction

- Convection

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Solar Radiation

 Solar radiation that reaches the earth is largely electromagnetic


radiation, or photons that are emitted by the sun through nuclear
reactions and chemical processes that are taking place inside of the
sun and on it's surface.

 Electromagnetic radiation, including X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared


radiation, and radio emissions, as well as visible light, emanating
from the Sun.

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Impact of Solar Radiation

 Provide Vitamin D, needs to


stay healthy.

 Health Problems like Damage


Damage to skin, Skin Cancer,

Eye Damage, Disinfection etc.

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Global Warming

 Global warming is an increase in the overall temperature of the


earth’s atmosphere. It’s generally attributed to the greenhouse effect
caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other gases.

 Global warming occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air
pollutants and greenhouse gases collect in the atmosphere and
absorb sunlight and solar radiation that have bounced off the earth’s
surface.

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Effects of Global Warming

 Heat weaves and periods of


unusual weather

 Ocean warming and sea level rise


 Unusual weather behavior
 Human health

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Greenhouse Effect

Major Greenhouse gases are

Carbon Dioxide, Methane,

Nitrous Oxide, Fluorinated Gases,

Ozone, Water Vapor etc.

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Greenhouse Effect

Where Do Greenhouse Gases Come From?


 Electricity and Heat Production
 Agriculture and Land Use Changes
 Industry
 Transportation
 Buildings

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Hydrologic Cycle

The water cycle, also known as

the hydrologic cycle or the

hydrological cycle, describes the

continuous movement of water

on, above and below the surface

of the Earth.

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Processes in Hydrologic
Cycle
 Evaporation: The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it
moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere.

 Transpiration: The release of water vapor from plants and soil into the air.
 Condensation: The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets
in the air, creating clouds and fog.

 Precipitation: Condensed water vapor that falls to the Earth's surface


 Surface runoff: The variety of ways by which water moves across the land.
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