2 Work with a partner.

Complete these sentences

Speaking
using modalsfrom the box. Sometimes, there is
more than one possible answer.
@Exam spot
must mustn't must have ought to shall
should shouldn't shouldn't have It is useful to use exclamations (as well as other words such
as Yes, Right and Mm) to indicate that you are listening when

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
should have will would wouldn't someone is telling you something. They can be said with

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
different intonation in order to convey different reactions.
I All pupils wear uniform at all
times in school and on their way to and from 1 Match the exclamations (1-14) with language
school. functionsfrom the box.
2 We're going to be doing a lot of walking, so I
think you bring strong outdoor expressing agreement
shoes. expressing admiration
3 I wonder where they can be. They .. expressing surprise or disbelief
LO

expressing sympathy

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

got here by now. They missed their
train. 1 Absolutely!
R

8 What a coincidence!
4 After school we used to go to the shop on the 2 Fantastic! 9 Me too!
EN

corner where everyone buy sweets. 3 That's interesting. 10 Poor you!

5 You smoke in the petrol station! 4 Oh dear! 11 No, really?
6 He's always late for work. He catch
A

5 Surely not? 12 What a surprise!

an earlier train. 6 That's terrible! 13 What a shame.
PE

7 you take this man to be your 7 Brilliant! 14 You're joking!

lawful wedded husband?
8 Jo looked very upset. You criticised 2 Look at these statements. Which exclamations do

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

her in public like that. you think would be appropriate responses?

EZ

I I've been offered a fantastic job at a software

company in California but if I take it, I have to
go for at least three years.
M

2 I've failed my driving test. Again.

EJ

3 I got a brilliant new mobile phone yesterday

and someone stole it from my bag on the bus
IA

this morning!
4 They said I'll have to have an operation.
S

5 I've got some free tickets for the concert. Would

you like them?
-

6 I'm sure the government will hold on to power

at the next election.
7 I'm going to buy a new car.
8 I don't think I'm going to be able to afford a new
computer now.
3 ~'1..m Listen to ten sentences. Respond in an
appropriate way, using intonation to showsurprise,
enthusiasm, etc.

4 Work with a partner. Take turns to tell each other

about an interestingexperience you recentlyhad.
When listening, use appropriate exclamations
.

BEING INVENTIVE
 Paper 1 Part 4 2 Why are these answers incorrect? Correct them.
I Each new generation is told the secret recipe.

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
Key word transformation DOWN

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
Part 4 of the Reading and Use of English test is a key The secret recipe is handed down each new
word transformation task. This tests your knowledge generation.
2 I hadn't expected the present at all.
of both vocabulary and grammar in that you have to
make a sentence with the same meaning as another CAME
sentence and using a word that you are given. The present comes as a complete surprise to
There are six items, each consisting of one complete me.
3 The child's mother became very emotional
LO

sentence, one given word and a sentence with a gap

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

in the middle. when he was found.
• You have to complete the second sentence using OVERCOME
R

the word given. The child's mother was overcome for emotion
EN

when he was found. ,

• You cannot change the word given in any way.
• The second sentence must be as close as 4 Could you possibly help me with this suitcase?
HAND
A

possible in meaning to the first sentence.

• You must use between three and six words, to Could you possibly help my hand with this
PE

complete the second sentence. suitcase?

Iwas about to leave school when I saw George. Fixed phrases and collocations

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

POINT In this part of the Reading and Use of English

EZ

I was J?.rJ...f!J.~ .. P!!.0.¢. . r?f...~Y.i!JJ .. ~ef.!.qr!f.. when I test, it will help if you know a wide range of
saw George. collocations and fixed phrases (e.g. blissfully
happy, which means extremely happy or to be
M

In this example, you need to know the phrase to be

at a loose end, which means to have nothing in
on the point of and you need to know that of must be
EJ

particular to do).
followed by a noun or -ing form.
IA

3 Match phrases 1-6 with their equivalent

1 Complete the sentences using the word given. phrases a-f.
S

I Sam's invention impressed his tutor. I He pointed out to me

MADE 2 I was shocked
-

Sam's invention . 3 I couldn't see him anywhere

his tutor. 4 He'll feel much better
2 He would only speak English with the visitors. 5 I had no idea
INSISTED 6 He lost his job
He ........................................................................................................
English with the visitors. a There was no sign of him
3 The price of petrol went up a lot last month. b He drew my attention to
SHARP c I was unaware
d He was made redundant
There was a .
the price of petrol last month. e It came as a complete surprise to me
4 I saw the postman for a second as he passed by. f It'll do him good
SIGHT
I ................................................................................................................
the postman for a second as he passed by.

~~AMFOLDER~.
 . ~ectives/verbs/nouns+ prepositions Practice

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
'"''\then you learn an adjective, verb or noun, make 6 Complete the second sentence so that it has
a similar meaning to the first sentence, using

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
sure you also learn any prepositions that need to come
alter it. the word given. Do not change the word
given. You must use between three and six
~ Complete these sentences with a preposition
. words, includingthe word given.
] She said that she always takes pride . I Some people have to provide a medical
her work. certificate when they apply for a US visa.
2 He's proud his daughter's REQUIRED
LO

achievements. A medical certificate .

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

3 I was prevented entering the ............................................................................... a US visa.
R

competition because of my age. 2 People say the island has a lot of natural
4 They specialise designing apps for resources.
EN

educational purposes. RICH

5 I agree that you could trust him your The island .
A

life. natural resources.

6 He asked if there had been a huge increase 3 Gina complains all the time.
PE

................... ............ the number of students going to NOTHING

university. Gina .

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

complain.
The transformation will also require you to think about
EZ

4 The candidate answered the questions

grammar. For example, passives, conditionals, reported honestly.
speech, etc. HONEST
M

5 Complete these sentences with three to six words,

The candidate .
............................................................................... the
EJ

includingthe word given.

questions.
I Unless we get the 8 o'clock train, we will miss lunch. 5 The tennis court was so wet, the match was
IA

MEAN cancelled.
If we don't get the 8 o'clock train, .
S

BEEN
. ........ ... ............................. ................. ................... lunch. If the tennis court hadn't been so wet, the
2 They say Italian football players earn more than
match off.
-

others. 6 Regardless of the fact that you're my friend,

HIGHEST I agree with your argument.
Italian football players are . SIDE
................ ........................ ..................... salaries.
3 Tm sorry I forgot to email you the details earlier:
rn be··· ············· · ··········· ····· ··························· · ·············· ·
you
weren't my friend.
said the tour operator. 7 Sam said that there was no way he was
FOR prepared to help me.
The tour operator .. ----- --·-············ ······ FLATLY
........................... emailing the details earlier.. Sam hand.
4 I don't think the advice yoar accountrn.t gaveyou 8 Could you get some milk as you're coming
was very good. home?
SHOULD WAY
Your accountant ...·----------- Would you mind .
better advice.
. home?

EXAM FOLDER 4
 Urban living

Speaking and Reading

1 Work with a partner. Discuss these questions.

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
I Look at the photos. What do you think it would

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
be like to live in each of these places?
2 What do you think are the good and bad points
of where you live?
3 What are the most memorable cities you have
visited? Why are they memorable?
4 What would be the perfect city to live in? List
LO

five characteristics that you and your partner

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

agree on.
R

2 Read the article. Which sentence sums up each

paragraph?
EN

a The question we face today.

b How cities of the future can become good places
A

to live.
c The ideal combination of past and present.
PE

d How times have changed.

e The consequences of poor or no planning.

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

f Cities also need modernity.

EZ

g The romantic attractions of the past.

h Where the opportunities lie.
3 Read the article again and make notes on these
M

questions.
EJ

1 How do you think pre-automobile cities differ

from later cities?
IA

2 Why does the writer say the cities have much to

offer, yet leave much to be desired?
S

3 List the ten things the writer mentions about the

ideal city.
-

4 Why does the writer say the scale of mega-cities

can have de-humanising effects?
5 In what ways is Asia particularly attractive for
city planners?
6 What change in China does the writer highlight?
7 What three points does the writer make in
paragraph 7 about the lessons of the past for
future cities?
8 What four factors are necessary to achieve the
kind of future city he hopes for?
4 Work in pairs and compare your notes.

~ UNIT9
 prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
1 What is your favourite city? Most people tend 6 My father, who spent his life as an urban

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
to choose somewhere rich in history like Cairo planner in London, told me about his first visit
or St Petersburg. Usually, we go for places to China nearly 40 years ago. He said he would
built in pre-automobile times with narrow never forget his first sight of a Chinese city.
streets and a vivid sense of times past. There was not a skyscraper to be seen, and
there were few cars. There were no motorways
2 But when we live in a city - or even when we
or underground railways. Now, the cities
LO

visit it as a tourist - we need it to be more

he visited then have altered almost beyond

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

than just a reminder of a romantic past. We
recognition, and are some of the biggest cities
want it also to have the energy of a modern,
R

on Earth. As they developed, they sometimes

prosperous mega-city such as New York, Rio
EN

- but not unfortunately always - managed

de Janeiro or Shanghai, each with its unique,
to avoid some of the pitfalls that have been
exhilarating atmosphere. However, for many
encountered in urban growth in Europe and
A

people, the hustle and bustle of these cities

North America.
also leave something to be desired.
PE

7 So what might the future hold? Planners are

What we really want is a city that has everything.
increasingly aware of environmental concerns,
It needs to have a sense of the past but it

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

particularly in relation to the costs and availability

should also offer modern amenities alongside
EZ

of energy sources. They are also disturbed by

all the social, cultural and other opportunities
the regrettable division between rich and poor
that we now enjoy. We want it also to have
that has occurred in many of our cities, where
some physical features to give it its own unique
M

you can see extreme wealth and great poverty

character - an attractive harbour, perhaps, or
existing side by side. Moreover, a beautiful
EJ

views of mountains. And, on top of all that, we

natural location has often been destroyed,
want a well-managed city that is clean and
all in the name of progress. And this almost
IA

does not have congested streets. That's quite

always goes hand in hand with desperate traffic
a challenge for urban planners.
S

congestion and a lack of green spaces. Taking

4 But perhaps it is unrealistic to expect so much. all such issues into account may allow our cities
-

Cities today are so large that many people fear to expand - as expand they must - in a more
that this means de-humanisation. We want wholesome and rational way.
to avoid over-building, but how can this be
done while still providing facilities for a rapidly
a There are three essential ingredients for cities
to be happy places for their inhabitants. There
growing population? Will it be possible to
must be good standards of living, supported
retain the qualities we value in the great cities
by stable economic growth. There must be a
of the past in a modern, vibrant mega-city?
sense of equality for citizens. Cultural life must
5 The most exciting developments in architecture be able to thrive. For these conditions to be
these days are to be found in Asia where cities achieved, we need wise governments with
are developing at an unprecedented speed. the resources and foresight to ensure that
Urban planners in various cities have come up urban planning is carried out responsibly and
with some outstanding ways oi dealing with creatively.
the challenges they face, designing innovative
solutions that should cer..a!nlymake life better.

URBAN LIVING
Vocabulary Listening
1 Match these wordsto make collocations. 1 You are going to listen to four people talking about living
You can check your answers in the article. in large cities. What do you think they might say about
I rich a congestion how things have changed where they live and about
2 hustle b amenities what they enjoy about life there?

3 unique c concerns

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
2 ~1!JllListen and match each person with a photo.
4 modern d of living

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
5 traffic e recognition 3 Listen again and make notes in the table.
6 beyond f character
2 3 4
7 environmental g and bustle
8 standards h in history
2 Complete the sentences with a collocation
from exercise 1.
LO

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

I It's good to go to the countryside
sometimes, to get away from the
R

...................... . ....... of the city.

EN

2 It is hoped that the new bus service will

ease .
3 Kotor, in Montenegro, has a .
A

- a beautiful fjord in the heart of the

PE

Mediterranean.
4 have been rising in recent
years - there is more employment, and

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

health care has improved, too.

EZ

5 This town has changed - it

used to be all green fields when I was a
boy!
M

6 There are concerning plans

EJ

for the new nuclear power plant.

7 This hotel has all the you
IA

need - wi- fi, 24-hour reception, and a

regular shuttle bus to the city centre.
S

8 Singapore, with its Chinatown, Little India

and Arab Quarter, is .
-

3 Choose three ofthe collocations. Write

sentences about your own town or city.

UNIT 9
Future forms Speaking
1 Identify the structures(a-j) used to express the
future in sentences 1-10. There may be more than
one answer.
1 What are you doing this evening?

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
2 What will you be doing this time tomorrow?

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
3 What are you going to do for your next holiday?
4 What are you going to do when this course
finishes?
5 What will you do if you pass the exam?
6 What would you do if you passed the exam?
7 What time does this English lesson finish?
LO

8 Which country do you think is most likely to win

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

the next football World Cup? 1 Work in groups. What are the pros and cons of life
9 Is there anyone in the class who might eventually
R

in a big city? Look at the topics below. How is each

become internationally famous, in your opinion? different in a city, compared to the countryside?
EN

10 What will you have achieved by the age of 60?

a focus on one moment in future time TRANSPORT

A

b looking back from a point in the future

c future probability ~] . shopping
PE

d future after time conjunction

e intention

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

f plan (with stated time)

cducatian housing
EZ

g something fixed by a timetable

h a possible future using the first conditional
i a hypothetical future
M

j tentative prediction HEALTH AND WELFARE

EJ

2 Choose the best form for each of these sentences.

1 I go I I'm going I I'll go to the cinema on Saturday impacton the enVironmen.t
IA

to see that new Brad Pitt film.

I'll call you when I get I will get I will have got
l social lite
2
S

1
home.
3 This time next week we're going to lie I we'll lie I
-

we'll be lying on a tropical beach. 2 What is the biggestadvantage of life in a big city?
4 If he got the job, he'll leave I hea leave I he'll have What is the biggest disadvantage?
left for Paris next month.
3 You are going to report your discussions back to the
5 Melissa is very likely getting I to getting I to get a
rest of the class.
good job as she is fluent in three languages.
6 My flight is going to leave I leaves I is leaving at 1 Think about how you will do this. Decide
10.20 tomorrow morning. whether you will need any charts or other
7 When we will be I are going to be I are in London, visuals as well as what to say and who should
we are spending I we spend I li•e are going to spend say it.
the first day on a tour. 2 Now report your group's ideas to the class.
8 If Barbara gets I will get I is gettnzga place at 3 When you listen to other groups' presentations,
university, she's studying I shes gai111g to study I she make notes on what each group says.
studies philosophy and politics. 4 In your groups, discuss the presentations you
9 By 2050 people set foot I aregoi..r.g to u foot I will heard. Decide which ideas were best in relation
have set foot on Mars. to each of the topics in exercise 1.
3 Work with a partner. Ask a;ndl aBS11Merlbe,gpestions
in exercise 1, using the correctvd!Sms..
l'.Gd@MJj URBAN LIVING
 3 Answer these questions about the task.
Reports
I Who do you have to write to?

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
In Part 2 of the Writing test, you may be asked to 2 Would you use a formal, neutral or

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
write a report. informal register?
3 What information is needed?
1 Look at these statements about writing reports. Are
4 What kind of text do you have to write?
they true (T) or false (F)?
4 Read two answers to the task (A and B on page 63)
I Reports usually begin with Dear.
written by two students in the same class. Use the
2 Reports are likely to open with a statement of
questions in the Exam advice box to analyse them.
the reason for writing.
LO

Which would score a better mark?

3 If you are asked to write a report, you should

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

also include a title. EXAM ADVICE
R

4 The opening of a report should aim to catch the These are the kinds-of questions the examiners consider
EN

reader's interest. when looking at a piece of writing.

5 Reports discuss what has happened, whereas • Does the writing do exactly what was asked for?
e Is the Writing clearly organised?
proposals make suggestions about what the
A

o Is the writing accurate?

writer would like to happen. • Does the writer use a rang.e of vocabulary and
6 Reports need to have a heading and sub- structures?
PE

o 1$ the writing in an appropriate register (e.g. forrnal or

headings, whereas proposals do not. informal)?
7 Proposals make recommendations, while reports @ Would the piece of writing have an appropriate impact

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

do not. on the target reader?

EZ

8 Reports and proposals are often written in

informal English. 5 Now write an answer to this task.
9 It is important to think about exactly who you
You have been asked to write a report for an
M

are writing for.

international transport organisation on the public
IO Spending time planning what you're going to
EJ

transport system in the area where you live.

write is more important for a report than for an
Your report should outline the public transport
essay or a letter.
IA

system available. It should comment on its

2 Remember that the Writing tasks also involve strengths and should also make suggestions
S

careful reading. You will lose marks if you do not for improvements, explaining why these
do exactly as you are asked. Read this example of a improvements are required.
-

task and underline the important elements. Write 220-260 words.

Your college has asked students to report on

the sports facilities which students can use in
their leisure time. Write a report for the college
principal, commenting on the extent to which
the facilities meet students' needs. You should
also make recommendations about what you
think the college should do to improve the
facilities.

3 ,
'
WRITING FOLDER 4
 prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
De.ox Prmcipal, J ,A from uo«
_;, It W°'-S reo.lly goo0v to rieox :::i •
Tho...nks for yov.r e!YICMV.
I've ho..d, o: ci1oJ; will'l o: few of my rno..tes o...n<i we o..gree t
. fo..c.i,liiies here oxe reo.lly qood.. The spor s
U1 oJ; U1 e Let..su re er h e°'-V; r " use<i es pe.ci.(ill.y
fo..c.i,liiies oxe greoJ; but U'ley oxe v y . '"":'.l m
i.h term~s or SWLl'Yl or use U'le gy
bu peopLe who wo...nt w r~ 011111
tr
lt'<i be better if U'le sports cen e
LO

:::i • •
to ix<lprove U'lw fi,tnehS. . i.-~ fo

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

,A d. Uie bookrng sysV!:A" r
fo..c.i,liiies were open Longer riours o...n .
Ld.. be ix<lprove<i. The music block lh also greoJ;.
R

U'le gym cou . fu ti.a- rooms o...n<i U'le.- mstruments

EN

We olL re.o..ily U.ke e prQ..C uA:.,1, oxe rn11ll11 wcky oJ;

U1 In fo.,ct we mu"- we ~
yov. co..Y\ use ere. ' . fo..ciliiie-s Lots
. UioJ; we h°'-ve sv.ci1 qood. Lei,sv.re .
A

U'l(,s ccueqe We oxe also very

of sW.<ients oxe not so LtAcky Q.5 we oxe. . rr o11 eoo
<i Lil> oJ; U'li.,s co~e w .
PE

1JAck11 UioJ; we h°'-ve suci1 o: goo r~y - - J I Lo k

:::i • fo olion yov. neecc. o
I hope Ui~s g~ves you olL U'le rn rm

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

forwo.r<i to heoxmg from you soon.

EZ

Yours
A.no.,
M
EJ

Leisure Eacilities at Shamrock College

IA

Level of satisfaction
In general most students have a high level of satisfaction with the leisure facilities here. We
S

are all impressed by the sports centre, which is used by a large majority of students. The
tennis courts, swimming pool and fitness gym are particularly popular. The music block is
-

also appreciated by myself and all the many other students who make full use of the first-class
practice rooms and are grateful for the range of high-quality instruments available for them to
play there.

Recommendations
Because the facilities are well used, there is pressure on resources and that is the reason for
these recommendations. The sports centre is currently open between 9am and 9pm. However,
many students would like to use it outside these hours. Were it :o open for longer, this would
ease pressure on the facilities. A further way of achievingfu!s ::::n ...-ouid be to make the
booking system for the gym more efficient. Double bookings ~dy occur and this is
frustrating for all concerned.
With regard to the music block, the sole improeememI - · ~ is that:~~
concert hall should be extended. This would make t: 2 =di.=-~~~
to be used for much larger events than is currently the C2SC. 7bs - ~ -
generate some useful income from ticket sales. Please lee ::le
expand on these suggestions.
 You live and learn

Speaking and Reading

1 Work with a partner. Discussthese questions and give

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
reasons and examples.

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
1 Look at the photos of students. What are they
doing in each photo?
2 Do you know anyone who has studied abroad?
What have they told you about their experiences?
3 Why might someone choose to study abroad? 4 Some vocabularyis found much more frequently
4 What impact might studying abroad have on a in an academic context than in everyday
LO

person? English. Match the words from the box with the

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

underlinedwords in the extracts.
2 Read four extractson page 65 in which four
R

academics write about the topic of studyingabroad. look for main choose replies views
develop methods before given
EN

Which researcher ...

I focuses on students majoring in the same subject?
5 Complete the sentences with the underlined
2 focuses on students studying in one particular
A

wordsfrom the extracts.

country?
3 compares results from two different groups of 1 The aim of the course is to help students
PE

students at the same institution? ................................ the skills they will need in their
4 studied the same students at different points of future careers.

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

time? 2 The study skills guide recommends a number

EZ

of useful to help with revision.

3 Now read the extracts again and answer these
3 The researchers the new drug to
questions.
one set of patients and a placebo to a control
M

Which researcher ... group.

I shares reviewer D's opinion about the impact 4 The aim of the research was to
EJ

that international travel can have on future work obtain evidence that could usefully inform
opportunities? government policy.
IA

2 expresses a different view from the others in that S We only got 308 from the
he/she did not start from a concern about the
S

questionnaire.
impact of studying abroad? 6 The study to establish the
3 comes to a different conclusion from A about the reasons why some students find it easier to
-

parameters required for a beneficial period of adapt to a new culture than others do.
study abroad? 7 The study compared samples taken
4 expresses a different view from the others in the ................................ the operation with those taken
way he/she hopes that studying abroad may prove afterwards.
useful in future? 8 The value of gaining your degree in another
country can be considered from several
@ Exam spot different .
9 Most of the students decided to .
In Part 6 of Paper i (the Reading and Use of English test), you the intensive programme rather than the part-
need to answer four questions in which you have to compare
four different texts in order to note what opinions they share time one.
and where they differ. Note that althouqh you will need to
understand all four texts in order to do the task, it is quite
possible that one of the texts will not feature as the answer to
any of the questions.

~ UNIT10
 prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
LO

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

R
EN

0 Studying abroa d. .is an area th t .

A

b
increasingly interest". f a is ecoming [£) This paper reports on some research carried out last
mg or researchers
PE

year into why students opt for a period of study abroad,

as more students are choosing to d ,
their reasons for selecting a specific destination,
semester, a year or even a d .oa
country In m egree in another their behaviour when abroad and the extent to which

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

whethe~ you:gresear,ch, I set out to establish the experience matches their expectations. Having
EZ

abroad acquire ~eop e attending a course administered a questionnaire to 1,000 international

I
students enrolled~~ s~~~al awareness than students studying at a number of universities in
home countrv U .
50 Canadi
I ar courses in their
y. sing a comparative study of
l Australia, we got 696 responses. An initial analysis
of the responses has revealed some interesting data
M

. an undergraduates half f h suggesting that the key factor affecting all the areas
studred abroad f ' o w om
EJ

there were show~rt~a~ying le~gths of time, ' we were investigating was the individual's personality
in global a e considerable gains and study interests. Country of origin and gender
wareness and the
proved less significant than anticipated. •
IA

self-perceived by th
by their tutors.
se were not only
e students but also noted
. ~---_...---------·_J
S

~-i..."''°"'''I•
"'"""""""..,,,...'"'""~·--"'"""--~-· (Q)
This research looked at th - ..
-

([I 35 ... o . . e career paths of

young business people who h d
My research project asked ten students embarking on part of their · · a spent
a year of study abroad to keep a daily record of their - · .uruvers1ty course· at a· ,,oreum
c ..
ed. ucanonat instituti on. m . order to ascert"" .
experiences. Having begun the diary a month QriOI to
leaving home, they continued it for a month after they whether those people had acquired greatam
returned. The Qrimary reason for studying abroad in all cross-cultural . perspectives
. ·
throuzb th . er
· z>" eir
cases was to polish their language skills. The students expenence
b of study abroad · C oncerned
.
were allowed to write as freely as they wished but were a out the lack of cultur· a 1 awareness of th· ·
asked to include comments on their }anguage learning staff a · err
• , . group of US business corporatio
experience as well as on the stratooies they used to cope prompted the research Th . . 1 - ns
l · e resu ts are
with living in a new culture. with a 1.'1aw to he]ping others
ess conclusive than expected, but they do
in the same situation in futuraAnalysingthe diaries, we
suggest that a period of stud 111 .. ,
found remarkably similar pat"-tems.Ni. the participants country h · Y a foreign
demonstrated a gradual recogmtmn and acceptance of may elp students to develop the
difference in other cultures and a 00'-'•' objectivity about cross-cultural awareness that U
currently seek. - S employers
t~::~_e_a_s
~a,,.,re_s_ult_i._o_r_tm_.
_·r experience. _ .. J

YOU LIVE AND LEARN

 Vocabulary Participle clauses
1 Many words in English come from a set of words 1 Participle clauses are clauses beginning with either
formed from the same root. Complete the table. a present, a past or a perfect participle. Look at
Sometimes there is more than one possibleanswer. these underlined examples from the abstracts.
Verb Noun Adjective 1 Analvsing the diaries, we found remarkably

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
similar patterns.
acceptance
2 Concerned about the lack of cultural

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
assumption awareness of their staff, a group of US business
attend corporations prompted the research.
3 Having administered a questionnaire, we got
competition
696 responses.
conclude
2 Participle clauses can be expanded to make full
contribution I clauses. Expand the underlined participles in the
LO

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

determine above examples to make full clauses.
I
establish l When ~.~ a.ri.f!:!,J:J?..?4. t.h..~.. ~?.., .. N~ &1.fY4.. .
R

opt
... r..f!!J!.f!4..qj}hf. .. ?.!!!!.~.~?. .....
EN

2 Because they , a group of US

signify significance significant business corporations prompted the research.
3 After , we got 696 responses.
A

2 Rewrite these sentences using the words in capitals.

Do not change the form of the word. 3 Expand the underlined participle clauses, using
PE

1 The results of the survey do not allow us to draw the words in brackets. Make any other necessary
any clear conclusions. (CONCLUSIVE) changes to the sentences.

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

The results of the survey are not conclusive. 1 Hoping to encourage people to respond, the
EZ

2 In my opinion, the research falsely assumed researcher offered the chance to win a prize to
certain things. (ASSUMPTIONS) anyone who returned his questionnaire within
two days. (because)
M

......................................................................................................................
2 It being a Sunday, most of the shops were shut.
3 The idea was initially controversial but it rapidly
(since)
EJ

gained acceptance. (ACCEPTED)

3 Generally considered a weak king, Charles I was
...................................................................................................................... eventually beheaded. (who)
IA

4 A lot of people try to get a place at this 4 Ignored by many scholars until recently,
S

university. (COMPETITION) Charlton's work is at last receiving the

recognition it deserves. (although)
......................................................................................................................
-

5 The government's inadequate response to the 5 Seen from a distance, the university looks like
economic crisis contributed to their election something out of a fairy tale. (if)
defeat. (CONTRIBUTORY) 6 Having previously learned their language, Picton
was able to communicate with the tribe. (as)
·········· ········ ············· ··············· ·········································· ·········· ····················
6 Very few students attended the last lecture of the
course. (ATTENDANCE) @c;:orp1,1s spot
Take care with perfect pi;!rtkiple clauses. The Cambridge English
...................................................................................................................... Corpus shows exam candidates often make mistak~ with these .
7 The party's aim was the establishment of a fairer Having been in Englanll for the last three years, I have a goef!l
distribution of wealth in society. (ESTABLISH) knowledgeefthe language,

......................................................................................................................
8 I admire this student because she is so
determined to succeed. (DETERMINATION)
......................................................................................................................

'~ UNIT10
4 Rewrite these sentences, starting with the words given. 2 111~ Now listen and check.
1 While I was walking round the exhibition, I caught
3 Write three more conversations like those in
sight of an old school friend. (Walking)
exercise 1.

2 Because Marti had made so many mistakes in her 4 Work with a partner. Practise your

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
homework, she had to do it all over again. (Having) .
conversations

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
5 Lookat the pictures. Work with a partner and
3 She's a child - she doesn't know what's happening. take turns to suggest sentences about the
(Being) differencesyou can see.

4 As Jack didn't have anyone to spend the evening with,

he decided to have an early night. (Not)
LO

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

5 If you look at it from a sociological point of view, the
R

problem can be seen as one of tension between social

EN

classes. (Looked)
A

@ ~xi;tmspot
PE

It will create a good impression in the Writing test if you

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

occasionally make use of appropriate participle clauses.

EZ

5 Complete three or four of these prompts.

1 Having studied English for some years now, ...
M

2 Having spent a lot of time trying to, ...

3 It being a ... day today, ...
EJ

4 Not wanting to appear boastful, I .

5 Knowing what I know now about .
IA

[GiJ£ti!i'i1
S

Speaking
-

1 Read the conversations and underlinethe wordswhich

Speaker B would be most likely to stress.
1 A: Did you go to the cinema last night?
B: No, but I went to the theatre.
2 A: Did you go by bike to the theatre last night?
B: No, Marco was using my bike last night.
3 A: Did you go to the theatre by bus last night?
B: No, I went to the theatre by t:axt ~ ~
4 A: Did yo1:1 go home by taxi ia.si: ui~,hi! In 13, the students are in a. Lab and
B: No, I went home by taxi tiwo ~ ~4f0.
in A, they are in a. seminar.
5 A: Anna's wearing a lovely greea dress,
B: It's a green blouse and mrt., ~: @Ex~mspot
6 A: Did you have a good time z!t 6e ~:.:st ffight?
B: Yes, we had a brilliam tirae, In the Speaking test, you will have to compare pictures.
Using the stress patterns practised here can help you
7 A: Are you hungry yet? sound more natural,
B: I'm not hungry, I'm ~.,.. i
8 A: Are you hungry yet?
B: I'm not hungry but T"IEa :;;s..
YOU LIVE AND LEARN
 Topic review Read~ing
1 Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 5 "lelecommuting' means. wo:rfki:ng from home. With a

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
I What things - apart from making calls partner, discuss. what you think would be the advantages

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
and texting - do you use your mobile for? and disadvantages.
2 How do you feel when someone hangs up
6 Read the text !below and decide which option {A, B, C or D)
on you?
fits each gap. What helps you to decide?
3 Which invention could you not live
without?
4 What are some of the rewards and
LO

challenges of studying abroad?

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

5 What subject have you always wanted to
Ilook back on my days spent working at home with
study?
R

( 1) feelings. Sure, it was great not to

6 What do you hope you will have achieved
have to fight through traffic to get to my desk. The
EN

by the year 2030?

(2) was, once I'd started working, I
couldn't stop. When there was more work to do, Ijust
A

kept doing it. Then I spoke to an expert, who explained

Grammar the three laws of telecommuting.
PE

2 Think about last year and next year. Write at 'First of alL you should (3) that you
have a self-contained office; he said. 'Next, you should
least one sentence in answer to each of these
have a separate phone line, both from a business and a

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

questions.
psychological point of view. And then you need to keep
EZ

I What changes are going to take place in your work and your home life ( 4) :
your life next year? My score: zero out of three. Dedicating a room
2 What must you try to do next year? to work is not (5) in a small flat. My
M

3 What special things did you have to do computer was squeezed into a corner of the living
last year? room, which made drawing a (6) between
EJ

4 What should you do next year if you have home and work even harder: even when I was relaxing,
the possibility? all that equipment would be glowering at me from
IA

5 What should you have done last year but across the room. I'd pick up my email in the evening,
and half of it would be work-related.
S

were unfortunately unable to?

John, a friend who used to work from home, didn't
6 What do you think will have happened by
have a separate room, so he couldn't get away from his
-

the end of next year?

work either. 'At one stage,' he says, 'I had to go through
3 Think about something that happened last my "office" to get to the toilet:
year and the results it has had or is likely to He likes to tell the story of the artist Magritte, whose
have. Write a sentence to link what happened studio was at home. Each morning, Magritte would
with its effects or likely effects.
(7) and put on his suit. He would then
go out of his house, recenter the house and go into his
Last year there was a. change of government
studio, where he would change into his artist's smock
and this has resuued. in less money being
and spend the day painting. At the end of the day, he
spent on the health service this year.
would change back into his suit, leave the house again
4 Now write a sentence using a participle and go once round the house in the opposite
clause about the events from last year that ( 8) and 'return' home for the evening.
you thought about above. It seems Magritte had the right idea. Unless you can
Ha.ving won last ye.ails eiedion, the prime stick to the three laws, stick to the office.
minister no» has to try io imfiement his
pre-eiedion promises.

~ UNITS 6-10 REVISION

 1 A combined B distinct C mixed D opposite 8 Complete the article with one word in
2 A trouble B matter C doubt D question each gap.
3 A assure B insure C reassure D ensure
4 A aside B aback C apart D away
5
6
A adequate
A limit
B
B
feasible
mark
C logical
Cline
D likely
D border Tovs tor the bovs

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
7 A raise B rise Crouse D arouse

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
8 A path B indication C way D direction There are lots of adult men who will
happily (O) ~~---······ hours and huge
sums of money on the latest gadget,
Vocabulary standing in long queues overnight, hoping
7 Use the word given in capitals to form a word that to grab the latest release before it sells
fits the gap in each line.
(1) ·················· ·········· ····.
Is this normal adult behaviour? Or
LO

I Sarah is very - she's always

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

thinking up original ideas. INVENT are these men just refusing to
2 Tom's life changed beyond when he (2) up and stop playing with
R

moved to the country. RECOGNISE. their 'toys'?

EN

3 You look like a top business in that According to Adam Shreck, editor of
smart suit. EXECUTE a leading electronics website, many men
4 What an utterly stupid idea! are devoted (3) gadgets.
A

He believes they are an extension

POINT
(4) a man's personality.
PE

5 The teacher said one of the students had been

For Shreck, gadgets are also a
................................ rude to her. APPAL
(5) of personal wealth -
6 Our business prides itself on receiving very few

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

instead of going to a toy shop, grown-up

............. ............. .... about our products. COMPLAIN men can take out their wallets and go and
EZ

7 The students have all expressed a high level of buy something a lot more expensive .
................ ............... with their course. SATISFY Maybe it's not childish after
8 There's no point in arguing over such a totally
M

(6) but true macho

............ .... ........ ..... issue. SIGNIFY behaviour.
EJ

9 You shouldn't make about Some men take a lot of pride

someone just because of their appearance. (7) their gadgets. They like
IA

ASSUME to know they have the best, the most

10 The police were unable to charge the man expensive, the most up-to-date. It's like a
S

because there was no evidence male survival instinct - wanting to show

against him. CONCLUDE they have something better
-

(8) the next man.

In the weird formation exercise in the Heading and Use of

English test, it is important to understand what the missing
word is likely to me.an~~ this wlU help you to put the word in the
right form. ·

-5 6-10 REVISION
 Fashion statements
I 11,q 111('
3 4
I
Ill' 5 'I' fll'
'6
I'" I' 7I',,/'
I' '81',, I q9["'
..
1 't'OI"'' '1'il

Reading Talking clothes get our measure

1 Work with a partner. Discussthese questions. ean YO!! imagine trousers that talk you into buying theni?

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
t:to1stomef5 in a top international clotning store mciy sooR find
I Do you like to keep up with modern trends? their prospective purchases telHng them whether they wo1Jkl be

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
2 How often do you buy clothes and how do you a good fit..
decide what to buy? The system, which can be applled to jackets, skirts and almost
3 Do you think people's tastes are influenced by any other garment, is seen as the most extitiflg innovatkm i:n:
retailing in years. It could cut out hours spent trying on clothes
what they read in magazines or see on screen? that will never fit and, once perfected, ceuld mean the en(I of
4 Do you read articles on the internet? Which do the changing room.
you think is better: reading 'real' magazines or 1 .
LO

their electronic versions? A version of the technology i·s alreac;ly being wo:rked on by

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

a leading clothes retailer, whose next pig sizing survey, the
2 Read the article. Six paragraphs have been first in more than 10 years, will make use of the latest three-
R

removed. Choose from paragraphs A-G the one dimensional scanning tec;:hnology. The s:hop will use the
that fits each gap. There is one extra paragraph. information to determine the shapes of its future elothing and it
EN

will also nm {I. tti~! in which selected snappers can use the data
3 How did you select the missing paragraphs? For cellected from the scanner to order clothes.
example, did you find: 2 , .
A

The technology has already been taken further in the United

• the same or a similar word in the article and the States. Smart cards nol<;ling aA inOivjgyal's scan details are being
PE

missing paragraph? designed to plug into a portable device that sh(;)ppers ear>ry
• a noun in the article and its pronoun in the round the store With them, thrs ehaBl·~s people to enjoy their

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

usual browsing experience.
R

missing paragraph?
• a problem described in the article and then a 3 .
EZ

For some customers, the pr0spett of sl.lcGessive pairs oftrousers

solution in the missing paragraph?
- in sizes that once might have fitted- loudly announ~ing that
• a logical development of the 'story'? they are far too small i:ould tum shopping into a humiliation. But
M

the system is likely to be designed with these people in mind.

4 Complete these sentences. Use the useful words/
4 .
phrases in bold in the article to help you.
EJ

Stephen Gray_,ah expert jn computer dothing resear<:;h,

I Before the technology was launched, the explains that it will be possible for shops to allow custotners
IA

company several in to use their smart cards to order made-to-measure clothing.

the area. 'Translafli"tg three-dimensional images iRto two-dimensional
clothing patterns is a skiil we have lost as traditional tailoring has
S

2 The store's innovative approach gives them the disappeared; said Gray.
edge their competitors. 5 .
-

3 This new scanning technology could mean Both clothing retaH:e.ts and manufattL1ters are keen to be
............................ ... customers not knowing whether involved with this new teehneloqy. They are always looking
clothes will fit properly or not. for ways to :give tliem the .edge over theircompetitorsand
increase their market share. Those ousin~sses whieh are among
4 These jeans are extremely money.
the first to embrace this technology may well attract new
5 Some people are wool and can't customers, especially thQse drawn te innovative teehnology.
wear this range of sweaters.
6······· ··· ······-···· ··· ······ ·
6 These clothes have been designed with the lf thls tetht-19logy takes 9ff, it will b!;l'interesting to s.ee iflt is taken
younger generation ,. up by other sectors, such as the food industry. In the future, tt:iuld
7 A Japanese company has taken the technology feed tell us its n.utritional value and whether it is suitable for us
and haw much of it we should consume per portion ?This could be
... . ................... ...... and added several new extremely i,isefuJ for people who are ailergk to nuts or wheat, for
applications. instance, 'Talking technology' is also of course enorm0usly he.tpful
8 Mark was talked buying the shirt to people who are visually impaired.
by his brother. Ao, a res.l;l.lt, several disabilities groups. have also. e)'(pressed
interest in the technology and are looking into hQw it could
make shopping easier for their members. lnternet shopping,
talking labels and spoken or videoed to©king iristruqibh$ toultl
rev01t1tionise our lives.
··~~ UNIT11
 Vocabulary
5 Match the phrases in the box to their definitions 1-10.

to suit someone designer labels to fit someone

a rack out of fashion a look a changing room
item of clothing fabric stylish

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
1 something you wear

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
2 a style or fashion
3 to be the right size
4 no longer considered stylish
5 a place in a shop to try on clothes
6 a frame or shelf used to hang clothes
7 look good on someone
LO

8 clothes made by famous stylists

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

9 fashionable
10 material
R
EN

Listening
A

c they pas$ r<}<oks ofdothing in the store, tags on the clothes

@Exam spot
PE

:;;:roorammet;f with a sefec;:til'm of pre-recorded responses interact

1fi the d.evice and tillk to the customer. They will ~e a,ble to In Part 2 of Paper 3 (the Listening test), you Will hear a monologue. You
Oise on the item dfdothing's likely nt; er 0th!;f1Nise. must complete the sentences. Make sure that the completed sentences

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

are grammatically correct and spelled correctly.

EZ

doing. so, the (!!~vice Witl also enable customers to shop by

- ; erder more sc:i~isfac;:tGrily,, This is seroethimg which customer 1 Work with a partner. Is there a dress code where you work/
@S haveJ;l.eetl pi:'e"ssing for. studyor in some of the places you go? If yes, are you happy
M

with it?
item of ¢lothing, fi'(;)m a top-oHlte,.rang.e suit t(:} underwear,
EJ

- ~ !Je p~ogran'Hr\ed to tfiat to its buyer, with W.a·rnitt.§is sud'! 2 You are going to listen to a manager. She is not happy with
""'fiis is rti¢t:! but not quite r'igl'ldO'r yot1;oren:couragements the way some employees dress. What do you think she will
~he lines of'i'm a perfect fit: e:Yt'lt suits yoy, sir'.
IA

mention?
S

_ _....,,,.,t"'ingl¥1Clothing manl:lfa.c;:ture:f~ are extremely interested 3 ti~ Listen and complete sentences 1-8.
~new p©ssJlffilifies :tbis offers th.em. They are going to liave
"Eleam the skill$ assviciate~ with making doth es oy hand ana 1 First, the manager singles out those who work at the
-

fir'ld a w'ily ta auto!Tla'te ttrern .. A chall.enge they are willing ................................ for criticism.
'!ake en [n <)r.ii!ef ti!) stay Ul !Dusi.Ress. 2 Men have to wear a .
3 Clients may come in to see at any time, so
of leu~spee)'kers, .cus-torrrerS; can O!Dt for a small eaf@iea;, the way they dress is important.
~ itliieir @OtenfiaJ tr.0users, stiif or even underwear weule 4 The dress code is relaxed in this company on the day
~Gl tQ talk. they G0l1lrl jus;~ whisper softly in file eaFaoo called .
IE a ray l"~tce;r.ltiaJ em~arras:stnent.
5 She is unhappy about the way employees dress when
they take part in .
6 She was appalled to hear that someone had worn
................................ to the Business College.
7 She recognises that employees may complain because
this is a issue.
8 She suggests employees take complaints to the
er, Hrey must rem~moer that th.ea~~
emely spphistitat~~ th~se days. The.yw· "et ...st!:c ................................ department.
15etaus~ ofthe n0vel tethnology iJl!ltd. Jled :fE ~
4 What do you think of the company's dress code and the
m he st}ilish,hlgl"i C<juality and good valaeiiar mDml7
way the manager addresses the staff?

FASHION STATEMENTS
 2 Match verbs 1-14 with th:e structures from the box.
Reported speech
Mo:rett.ianoneanswer maybe possible.
1 Imagine that you were one of the people the
manager was talking to. Change these sentences
doing it to do it me (not) to do it
into reported speech. Start each sentence with the
that I (should) do it
words given. 1 He promised

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
2 She suggested
It's been brought to my attention that certain

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
3 We agreed
members of staff have been flouting the dress code.
4 They told
She said that; it had been brou.j'lb ta her 5 She asked
a./;l;enfi()n that; certain members of sta.ff had been 6 He offered
flouting the dress code. 7 She advised
1 'I want to make it crystal clear to everyone just 8 He recommended
exactly what's expected: 9 He denied
LO

She clarified ........................................................................................ 10 She invited

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

2 'Those of you who work on reception must be 11 They warned
R

businesslike at all times: 12 I insisted on

13 He threatened
EN

She insisted that ...............................................................................

3 'Don't forget, in many people's eyes, sloppy 14 I regretted
clothes means sloppy work: 3 Work with a partner. Interview each other about
A

She reminded ................................................................................. fashion .

4 Tm not at all happy about the way some people
PE

1 Here are some questions to ask. Add another

dress for training days:
two of your own.
She pointed out that .

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

• Where do you buy most of your clothes?

5 'It seems as though some of you have got the
• Do you prefer dark or light colours?
EZ

idea into your head that when you're on a

• Have you ever bought something quite
training day, you can dress like a student:
expensive which you later regretted buying?
She said that . .......................................................................................
• Do you prefer going shopping for clothes
M

6 'I've even heard remarks about one person who

alone or with a friend?
turned up wearing a nose ring:
EJ

• Have you got any brothers or sisters? Do you

She criticised someone who ..
borrow each other's clothes?
7 'What I want to emphasise is that it's a matter of
IA

2 Interview each other and make notes of the

professional pride, the way you dress:
answers .
S

She stressed that ..............................................................................

3 Write a summary of what your partner said,
8 'You have to toe the line:
using reported speech.
She said ···· ···· ··········· ·············· ··················· ············ ····· ··········· ·········· ·········
-

9 'If anyone feels particularly aggrieved by any of (G4¥i!iii§:i

this, all I can say is that you should take it up
with the Human Resources department:
@corpus spot
She suggested that .
10 'I hope I don't have to refer to this again: The Cambridge English Corpus shows exam candidates often
make mistakes with verbs like teeommend; tell, suggest, etc,
She hoped .. (mrect these sentences written by exam candidates.
1 It is recormnel\la to book in advance. ·
2 I would resotnmend to ask for further i.aformati0n.
3 It was told to qs that the 13roblems are g0fr1g to oe sol:ved.
4 It has been suggested to h;;ive a film duo once a m01'ith.
5 He suggested to ask Colin to jmake the 015ler;img speet!l:'i.
6 He Fegrets having not enough time te pl'ayan instFument.
7 We prorlilised it there would be 3§ st;alis .at the c_:i:jarityday:

--~ UNIT11
Speaking 2 1...m Listen to Angela and Luciano commentingon
two of the photosbelow.

@Ex:amspot I What connecting phrases does Angela use?

2 Does Angela think the suit the man is wearing
In Paper 4 (the Speaking test) Part 2, you will be given the in photo A is conventional, flamboyant or

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
opportunity to speak for about one minute without interruption.
You are asked to compare two photos from a set of three and inappropriate?

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
also to comment on the photos. When you compare the photos, 3 Does Angela suggest that the man in photo B is
talk about their similarities and differences.After you have a banker, a naturalist or a teacher?
finished speaking, your partner will be asked a question about
your photos and will have 30 seconds to respond. 3 Work in groupsof three: the Examiner, StudentA
and Student B. Examiners, follow these instructions.
1 When comparingthings, try to use appropriate
I Ask Student A to choose two of the photos
connectingphrases. Work with a partner. Add as
on this page, and to say which person follows
LO

many words or expressions as you can to the lists.

fashion more and give reasons for saying this.

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

• Talking about similarities: similarly, and, they 2 Then ask Student B whether he/she thinks
both show ...
R

young people follow fashion whereas older

• Talking about differences: whereas, but, in people don't.
EN

contrast ... 3 Ask Student B to compare two of the photos on

this page, and to say why the people might have
A

chosen to wear these clothes.

4 Then ask Student A if he/she thinks the fashion
PE

industry is out of touch with reality.

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R
EZ
M
EJ
IA
S
-
 4 In the fourth paragraph, the writer suggests that
Paper 1 Part 5
copies of famous brands

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
Multiple choice A become desirable in their own right.

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
B retain much of the quality of the originals.
1 You are going to read an article about fashion.
C fail to deceive true followers of fashion.
For questions1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or
D are looked down on by followers of fashion.
D) which you think fits best accordingto the text.
5 The word 'counter-signalling' in line 45 is used
Follow the procedure in the box below to help you.
in this text to refer to
• Read and underline the key words in the A the way the difference between social groups
questions or sentences to be completed by the is maintained.
LO

option. B the high group adopting the fashion of the

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

• Locate the part of the text which answers the low group.
R

question. C the middle group imitating the low group.

EN

• Read the whole question carefully. D the way fashion goes in cycles across groups.
• Underline or highlight the part of the text 6 What is said about fashion in the last paragraph?
which answers the question. A There has been little development of new
A

• Justify by close reading of the text why the trends in the arts.
other options are wrong. B Differences in dress codes are becoming more
PE

I According to the first paragraph, why does exaggerated.

fashion change? C Many people find out about new fashions

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

A to satisfy business interests through music.

EZ

B to reflect developments in society D It takes a long time for society to adopt new
C to increase the choices available to people ways of speaking.
D to make it hard for outsiders to reproduce it 2 Work in pairs and discussthese questions.
M

2 The writer explains that people adopt a certain I For question l, you had to understand the
EJ

style as opposed to a fashion because former and the latter. Complete the gap.
A they wish to create a new image.
Both real fur and fake fur are used in fashion.
IA

B they enjoy the status associated with it.

However, the is disapproved of by
C they want to belong to an identifiable group. animal lovers.
S

D they agree with the attitudes and values it 2 Sometimes you can work out the meaning of a
represents. word from the context and by thinking about
-

3 Why does the writer give an example from word formation. Read the first paragraph of the
nature? article again. What does mainstream mean?
A to explain that fashion is not a new 3 For question 2D, find synonyms for attitudes
phenomenon and values in paragraph B.
B to imply that humans use fashion to hide
4 How can we use word formation to help
their true identity understand the meaning of underlying?
C to emphasise the lengths some people go to to 5 What do you think grooming means in
follow fashion paragraph C?
D to question why men are generally less
6 The test focuses for questions can be: detail,
interested in fashion than women opinion, attitude, tone, purpose, main idea,
implication or text organisation features. What
is the test focus of question 3?

-----------------·~-·-· -·
~ EXAM FOLO~~ 5
 m Turning to nature, we all know that the male peacock
bird displays his beautiful tail to attract a female. For a 25
male peacock, having a long, shiny tail shows strength
and energy. Therefore, the strongest male peacocks
have a better chance of attracting a mate than weaker

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
males. In humans, in extreme cases, some people spend
an unreasonable amount of time grooming themselves 30

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
and may even do without more essential items in
order to be fashionable.
Humans differ from animals in their ability to deceive.
Almost as soon as a new garment by a top designer
appears on the catwalk, fakes turn up on market stalls. 35
The original is out of financial reach of the majority.
And so, copies are born. Some are so true to the
LO

original that they may be mistaken for the genuine

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

article even by dedicated followers of fashion.Those
who knowingly buy fakes rarely concern themselves
R

40
with the reaction of those who purchase the original
EN

article.The fake, in fact, carries with it so much of the

image of the original that it becomes attractive in itself.
II) Another interesting phenomenon is what is called
A

0 New fashions and styles appear in all societies. First, we 'counter-signalling'. We can divide society into three
groups: high, middle, and low.The middle group can
45
PE

must understand the difference between fashion and

style and how the changes in fashion and style happen easily imitate the fashion of the high group, so the
for different reasons. The former are driven by insiders middle grou.p can be confused with the high group, to

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

s to prevent others from copying the insiders' style. the detriment of the high group. Counter-signalling
The latter are created by b~tsiders trying to invent occurs when the high group imitates the fashion of the 50
EZ

alternative styles to the mainstream; the style of most low group. However, if the middle group imitates the
people in a society. In order to succeed, a new style low group, they take the risk of being confused with
needs to completely reject one of the main indicators lower one.A typical example of counter-signalling is
M

' of the mainstream style.This rejection means that . wearing jeans. Eventually, wearing jeans became popular
with everyone.This partly explains why fashion goes
EJ

55
most people will not accept or choose the new style,
and it also means that it is rarely driven by big business. in cycles.
Let us identify the main factor that shapes a particular The concept of changes in fashion relates to a much
IA

style before returning to the topic of fashion. Many wider sphere than just clothes. It is evident in the
s suggest that style is the main visible or outward evolution of language. What once was considered slang
S

component of group identity. However, research may become an accepted phrase. Interestingly, music 60

reveals that it goes deeper than that. Most studies plays an important role in the development of fashion.
-

conclude.and it is also my view, that style is the It brings people together at festivals and people can
expression of certain underlying principles and see how others dress and speak. In other words, it
!: viewpcints .. People decide to adopt a style only after
provides a chance for people to be influenced by
careful thought. It is unlike buying a new coat to get a others. I do not argue that music alone creates a new 65
new look Moreover, a new style does not necessarily fashion. But music, dress and speech all work together
involve showing wealth or class. to spread new ideas and trends.

EXAM ADVICE
• Read the title of the text. It might help you lcnow in advanee what type
of text it is and what the subject is.
• Read the whole text quickly to get an impressiooOftftemntent.
• Think about the question (perhaps without~ attlie options) and
find the answer in the text.
• Read the question again with the o~ 200 ~1fie ~ect answer.
• To confirm, underline the part of the text 'W'tiliill'~ 1he answer.
• Think about why each of the other o~ a .-olllli ml!"<ca se that you can
justify your choice.

-~·· - --------------=··-·~~- --·,.,,...c,..,,,----- ···~ ~

EXAM FOLDER r;
 Making decisions

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
LO

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

R
EN
A
PE

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R
EZ

Speaking Reading and Writing

M
EJ

1 Work with a partner and discuss the questions. 1 Read the magazine article about making decisions and
I Which of these photos would you choose discuss these questions.
IA

to represent the way you feel about making I Did the article change your mind about how you
decisions? Why? think decisions are made?
S

2 Approximately how many small decisions 2 What is the main idea of each paragraph?
do you think you make in the first two 3 What conclusion does the writer infer from her
-

hours after waking up? What are they? personal experience in the last paragraph?
3 How do you make small decisions? Do you
2 Write a letter to the magazine.
weigh up each possibility and then choose
I You are going to write a letter to the magazine
the most appropriate? Or do you use
commenting on the views expressed in the article.
intuition?
What style do you think is appropriate?
2 Work with a different partner. Discuss these 2 What do you think should be included in the first
questions. paragraph?
I What do you consider to be important 3 You should write your letter in 220-260 words in an
decisions that people have to make in life? appropriate style. Make a plan of your letter.
2 How do you make important decisions? Do
3 Write your letter.
you ask for advice?
3 How hard do you think it is for most
people to change their mind if they realise
they've made the wrong decision?

~ UNIT12
How do we make decisions?
In cares, there's a wide range of coffees to choose from, Even when we believe we are making a rational
from skinny latte to triple caramel frappuccino (that's decision based on previous experience, this may not be

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
coffee blended with caramel, milk and ice topped with the case. If you went on holiday to a particular resort last

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
a layer of dark caramel sauce, whipped cream, caramel year and had a great time, it does not necessarily follow
drizzle and crunchy sugar topping, if you're wondering). that you will have a great time this year. The place may
How do you decide which coffee to have? Do you have changed, the weather might not be the same and
analyse or even know how much caffeine you'd like or your expectations will have been raised because of your
need? Do you know or care how many calories are in previous positive experience. To help us make balanced
the drink? Most people think the best option is the most and rational decisions, we are advised to make two
LO

expensive and if they can afford it, will choose it. There columns and write down all the reasons for a decision in

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

have been a number of studies where price tags have one column and all the reasons against in the other. But
R

been switched and people's choices switch to the most I don't know about you, but when I tried this, when I saw
expensive as a result. This would suggest that decision- the 'against' column getting longer, I stopped trying to
EN

making is not all rational. find negatives and found more positives. At least it made
Have you ever considered whether your decisions me realise that I really did want to do whatever it was but
A

are influenced by the power of suggestion? If you were I still couldn't explain why. It was just a gut feeling and I
PE

handed a warm drink on a cold winter's day and then was willing to manipulate the 'system' to get the outcome
asked your opinion of someone you'd recently met, I wanted.
the chances are you'd have a favourable opinion of the In my view, much of the discussion about how we

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

person. Conversely, if you were given a cold drink, your make decisions is not very scientific at all. However, there
EZ

description of the person would be 'colder'. You would do seem to be ways of explaining why we make certain
have literally been influenced by the warmth or cold of the decisions, if we look below the surface. For example,
M

drink and your judgement would have been clouded. maybe we want to aspire to make more money, or maybe
Our decisions are influenced in many different ways. the power of suggestion plays a huge role, or maybe we
EJ

We all know that the answers to questions in surveys always just go with our instincts. What do you think?
depend largely on the wording of
IA

the question. A positively worded

S

question will probably elicit a

positive response. The human brain
-

plays tricks on us too. In many

cases, when we ask for advice, we
don't really listen to and consider
all of the advice, we just hear the
parts that confirm what we wanted
to hear. Our decision-making
may also largely depend on our
personality. An optimistic person
may overestimate the positive
outcomes of making a decision
whereas a pessimistic person may
decide against doing something for
iear of a negative result.

MAKING DECISIONS
 Vocabulary Listening'
1 Match these phrases to their definitions. 1 Yoli:I are g«airag1p risten m Jane Hurley, talking about
1 a gut feeling a to happen as a result how C!omp:uies d.edde who lo employ. Howdo you
2 to raise expectations b to deceive or cheat think emp'loyss iclhoase tlh·e ,right job candidate?
3 a favourable opinion c to feel that good
4 as a result things will happen
2 1..m ListeA and chedtyourideas.

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
5 a wide range d a good result

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
6 to follow e an instinct @exam spot
7 play tricks on someone f a large selection
In Part 2 of the Lisrening test, use the time before the retarding
8 positive outcome g because of something starts to think about the type of information that is missing.
h a positive view the questions focus on concrete pieces of information that are
usually not more than three words. Write down the actual words
2 Complete these sentences with words/expressions you hear on the recording that answer the question.
from exercise 1.
LO

3 Listen again and complete these sentences.

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

1 I don't really know why I think Linda will be a
good engineer; it's just a I have. 1 Jane explains that employers read a candidate's
R

2 There is such a of courses on offer ................................................ before anything else.

EN

at the community college, it's hard to make my 2 Jane now finds jobs in for
mind up which one to choose. many students who graduate in arts subjects.
3 Although you enjoyed reading his last book, it 3 According to Jane, globalisation has resulted in a
A

doesn't necessarily that you'll like need for in employees.

PE

his latest one just as much. 4 Jane expresses concern about the level of
4 If you meet someone when you're in very ................................................ required by some employers.
comfortable surroundings, there's a high chance 5 Jane recommends doing a .

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

that you'll have a of them. because it may result in a job offer.

EZ

5 Because of the positive testimonials by students 6 Jane quotes an engineering company where
at the college, my had been ................................................ was an important part of
................................ regarding the quality of the tuition. being on their staff.
M

6 My memory seems to be me - I'm 7 In Jane's experience, keeping to

EJ

sure I sent the email last night. ................................................ is crucial in all jobs.
7 I find it hard to make decisions and
4 Complete these phrases with job or work. What do
IA

................................ , I prefer to ask for advice from

the phrases mean?
trusted friends.
S

8 The meeting had a - everyone was I Jo/?. seeker 6 find the right .
satisfied with the decision. 2 vacancy 7 the market
-

3 application 8 voluntary .
4 placement 9 description
5 team I0 learn on the

~ UNIT12
-ing forms
1 Choose the correct options in these sentences from
@Corpus spot
the recording. The Cambridge English C0rpus shows exam candidates often
make mistakes with -ing forms. Five of these sentences written
I Today I'd like to share I sharing some of my by exam candidates contain a mistake. Find the mistakes and
experience. correct them.

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
1 Some people would probably burst out laugh.
2 It means be I being prepared for searching

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
2 Our generation has grown up in a society which is used te
questions at the interview. have greater accessto information.
3 It may help I helping you find the right job for ~ Have a break and doing something different is the best way
to solve the problem.
you. 4 I am looking forward to see you agairi.
4 Get a friend to try to read I reading your letter of 5 I can't help thinkiAg this is all a waste of time.
application to make sure it's got real impact. 6 It was my fault not to tell you about our plans. Y0u must nave
been very puzzled.
5 It's worth to get I getting the job description for 7 I miss not being able to have lunch with my family
LO

the job you're applying for. every Sunday.

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

6 An employee will need to show I showing they
can meet deadlines, otherwise the company may
R

lose its reputation.

EN

2 There are several different uses of the -ing form.

Speaking
Match sentences 1-7 to uses a-g.
A

1 Lookat this diagram, which shows the results of

I Learning keeps the mind active.
major decisions people sometimes make. Work with
PE

2 I avoid travelling on a Monday morning, if

a partner and discuss these questions.
possible. The trains are too crowded.
3 I'm interested in seeing the job description. I Which of the decisions do you think is the most

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

4 If you keep on searching the internet, you're important and why?

EZ

bound to find information about suitable 2 What might influence people most when they
courses. make these decisions?
5 It's worth making a detour to the west coast; it's 3 When do you think it's important to stick to
M

spectacular. your original decision and when might it be

better to change your mind?
EJ

6 I hope you don't mind my asking, but ...

7 I can't imagine being paid that much money.
moving house going to another country
IA

a We can use the -ing form after phrasal verbs.

S

b We can use -ing as part of a passive form.

c The -ing form can be the subject of the sentence.
getting married
-

d We can use the -ing form after some common

expressions.
e We can use the -ing form after certain verbs.
f We use the -ing form after prepositions. having a baby starting university
g In formal English, possessives are used with the
-ingform. 2 Work with a different partner. Discuss these
questions.
I Summarise what you discussed in exercise 1.
2 Discuss which situation in exercise 1 is the
easiest to make decisions for, and why.
3 Which situation in exercise 1 do you think is the
most difficult?

MAKING DECISIONS
 Letters I emails

prohibidas la reproducción, la distribución y la comunicación pública, de la totalidad o parte de los contenidos de éste documento.
1 Work with a partner and discussthese questions.

En virtud de lo dispuesto en los artículos 8 y 32.1, párrafo segundo, de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, quedan expresamente
1 Approximately how many emails do you receive
every day? How many do you send?
2 Are emails different from letters? In what ways?
Is it appropriate to write emails in a formal
style? Why? I Why not?
3 When was the last time you wrote a letter? Why?
LO

4 Make a list of reasons why you might send a

Atención, este documento es propiedad de Academia Avenida Andalucía.

letter instead of an email.
R

2 In Part 2 of the Writing test, you may be asked to

write a letter or email in 220-260 words. Lookat
EN

tasks 1-3 and underlinethe key points.Think about

these features.
A

• who the letter is for

• the purpose of the letter
PE

• what you are required to include

La academia se reserva el derecho a tomar la medidas legales oportunas.

R

OJ
EZ

You see this announcement in your local You have been offered a job in Australia during
your college holidays. The job would help you
newspaper.
improve your English and the work is relevant
M

Yourcity needs you! to your studies. However, the job will not finish
As part of the city's summer festival we have until October 10 and you should be back at
EJ

invited singers and dancers from several college on October 3.

countries to perform. We are now asking local
IA

Write a letter to the Principal of your college

families to host our guests during the one- explaining the situation and asking for
S

week festival. We would like families not only permission to delay your return to college in
to accommodate our guests but also to act as October.
ambassadors for our culture. Write an email to
-

the editor applying to be a host. You should

explain which aspects of our culture you are
interested in and what you think is the best way You recently bought tickets for a trip to a
of showing it to our guests. concert from an events agency. The price
included the coach to and from the venue, pre-
concert dinner and the concert ticket. However,
the dinner could better be described as a snack,
the seats in the concert hall had a restricted view
and the coach was late when it picked you up
after the concert.
Write an email to the events agency outlining
how the trip failed to meet your expectations
and asking for a refund.

~~-
00 \ WRIT G FOLDER 5