TEST 18-KEY

SECTION ONE: LISTENING (2.0 pts)

PART 1. Listen to a conversation on a university campus and choose the correct option.
1. What is the woman’s status at the university?
A. She is a senior. B. She is a junior.
C. She’s a transfer student. D. She’s a graduate student.
2. What is the man’s status at the university?
A. He is a senior. B. He is a tutor.
C. He’s a transfer student. D. He’s a graduate student.
3. What does the man want to learn from the woman?
A. How to transfer to a junior college.
B. How to find his way around campus.
C. The course requirements for a literature major.
D. Who won the campus election.
4. How many total courses must a student take for a literature major?
A. Three B. Five C. Eight D. Ten
5. The man will probably take his elective courses in which area?
A. American literature B. World literature
C. Literary analysis D. Surveying
Your answer:
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5. A

PART 2. For questions 6-10, you will hear a man called Steve and a woman called Caroline
talking about summer jobs. Decide whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE.
TRUE FALSE
6. Steve hasn’t arranged any work for the summer yet.
7. Caroline’s work will allow her to have free time during the day.
8. Caroline’s work will be located in a city.
9. Caroline found out about the job from the internet.
10. Steve plans to apply for the job in the place Caroline works.

TRUE FASLE
6. Steve hasn’t arranged any work for the summer yet. 
7. Caroline’s work will allow her to have free time during the day. 

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8. Caroline’s work will be located in a city. 
9. Caroline found out about the job from the internet. 
10. Steve plans to apply for the job in the place Caroline works. 
PART 3. For questions 11-20, listen to the speech and complete the notes below. Write NO
MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Every year, 8 million metric tons of (11) ___________ from land enters the sea.
Plastic trash is found almost everywhere in our ocean, but it accumulates in large swaths in the
midst of (12) _____________
To effectively solve the (13) ______________ packaging problem, we must rethink the entire
system.
I make dispose from one that is linear to one that can be recovered and recycled as a valuable
plastic (14) ______________.
The new plastics economy's (15) ________________ is to create a society in which packaging is
never discarded.
Agricultural, urban and (16) ______________waste enter the sea, fueling algae (17) __________
that deprive marine ecosystems of oxygen.
There are already (18) ______________ in over 400 locations around the world.
The first thing we need to focus on is (19) ____________ which is critical for water quality.
It is (20) __________for any farmers to change their system and takes much work to do.
Write your answers here
11. plastic trash 12. global 13. plastic 14. material 15. ultimate goal
currents

16. industrial 17. explosions 18. dead zones 19. soil health 20. tricky

SECTION TWO: LEXICO-GRAMMAR (3.0 pts)

PART 1. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to finish each of the following sentences. Write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (0) has been done as an
example. (1.6 pts)
0. I _______ a student.
A. am B. is C. are D. be

1. You should keep your room free from mold and mildew, ___________ they can cause serious
health problems.
A. because B. though C. but D. so

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2. Neither my dad nor my mum ___________ of the idea.
A. convinced B. have convinced C. was convinced D. were convinced
3. My mother ___________ when she found out that I’d forgotten to do the washing-up again.
A. stood her ground B. hit the ceiling
C. felt off color D. made my blood boil
4. Marie Curie was the first woman ___________ two Nobel prizes.
A. who awarded B. to be awarded
C. awarding D. that was awarding
5. Over the past ten years, Iceland ___________ in the first rank of educational achievement and
improvement in women's economic conditions.
A. have been B. has been C. has had being D. had been
6. The quality of the young artist’s painting is beginning to gain ___________ throughout the
world.
A. knowledge B. understanding C. recognition D. familiarity
7. Monica was so angry about the noise her neighbors were making that she refused to
___________ it anymore.
A. get away with B. look up to C. put up with D. cut down on
8. The examiner asked me ___________.
A. how I learned English in my country B. how I learn English in my country
C. how you learned English in your country D. how you learn English in your country
9. Antibiotics are not used in the ___________ of diseases caused by viruses.
A. treatment B. fitness C. surgery D. element
10. I don’t think this strange new fashion will ___________.
A. turn up B. care for C. show off D. catch on
11. If you have not been very_________, start exercising slowly, but regularly.
A. inactive B. active C. energetic D. nutritive
12. Jones and Tam are in the party.
Jones: “It seems to me that the summer is nice here.”
Tam: “_______. It’s really lovely.”
A. You’re exactly right B. You’re dead wrong
C. I couldn’t agree less D. You could be right
Choose the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the
following questions.

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13. Mexico is a country of contrasts, the stunning beauty of its beaches and jungle against the
endlessly fascinating capital.
A. impressive B. noble C. conceivable D. inexperienced
14. I would be grateful if you let me keep myself to myself.
A. be quite B. be private C. be lonely D. be special
Choose the word that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following
questions.
15. The earthquake caused great devastation in California.
A. confusion B. gap C. development D. movement
16. I would be happy to go along with the idea.
A. to disagree with the idea B. to agree with the idea
C. to support the idea D. to approve with the ideas
Write your answers here
0. A 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A

9.A 10.D 11.B 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A

PART 2. Use the word given in every bracket to form a word that fits in the same numbered
space in the text. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
(0) has been done as an example. (0.8 pt).
New food labelling system
The government may soon force restaurants to introduce a “traffic light” labelling system on
menus to help slow down rising levels of (0. OBESE) ______. A green circle would show food is
safe and (1. ADVICE) ______ to eat, while amber foods should be eaten in moderation and red
foods eaten occasionally. Supermarkets already (2. VOLUNTEER) ______ follow a similar code,
but the minister believes a radical (3. EXTEND) ______ of the system to restaurant chains is
necessary. They intend to (4. HARD) ______ government policies on public health as recent
statistics show that two thirds of adults are (5. WEIGH) ______ or worse, obese. Abroad, New
York city has already forced restaurant chains to list calorie content on menus, believing this will
lead to a dramatic (6. REDUCE) ______ in the number of people who are obese or who suffer
from diabetes. If the government here goes ahead with the “traffic light” system, it will no doubt
face considerable (7. RESIST) ______ from the food industry, which would be forced to spend
money on updating menus. This new system would also be (8. CONTROVERSY) ______ for
small restaurant chains because menus are seasonal and constantly change, and many dishes do
not contain standardized levels of ingredients.
Write your answers here

0. obesity 1. 2. 3. 4.

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 5. 6. 7. 8.

Key 1. Advisable 2. Voluntarily 3. Extension 4. Harden

5. Overweight 6. reduction 7. Resistance 8. Controversial
PART 3. Read the following passage. There are SIX mistakes in the passage. Find the words
that need correction and correct them. Write your answer in the corresponding numbered
boxes provided. Line (1) has been done as an example (0.6 pt).
Line
0 Vietnam recognizes education like a national priority. Since 2008, the government has
1 been spending 20% of its budget on education. The government’s strength commitment
2 to education and long standing cultural and society support for education have led to
3 significant progress in the sector.
4 Vietnam has high primary school completion rates, strong gender parity, low
5 student/teacher ratios, and a low on of school rate. The country policy “Fundamental
6 School Quality Level Standards” provided universal access to education and ensured
7 that minimal conditions were met in every primary school.
8 Though these achievements, the country still faces some challenges. Access and quality
9 is still concerns for lower secondary education and quality is limited in remote areas.
10 Accessing and completing education is a greater challenging for female students and
11 ethnic minorities.
Write your answers here
Line Mistake Correction

0 like as

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

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 Line Mistake Correction

0 like as

1 1. strength strong

2 2. society social

5 3. on out

8 4. Though Despite

9 5. is are

10 6. challenging challenge

SECTION THREE: READING (2.0 pts)

PART 1. Read the text and choose the best answer A, B, C or D to each of the following
questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (0.5 pt)
One way of training for your future occupation in Germany is by pursuing a dual
vocational training programme. Such programmes offer plenty of opportunity for on-the-job
training and work experience. Programmes usually last between two and three and a half years
and comprise theoretical as well as practical elements. You will spend one or two days a week, or
several weeks at once, at a vocational school where you will acquire the theoretical knowledge
that you will need in your future occupation. The rest of the time will be spent at a company.
There you get to apply your newly acquired knowledge in practice, for example by learning to
operate machinery. You will get to know what your company does, learn how it operates and find
out if you can see yourself working there after completing your training.
This combination of theory and practice gives you a real head start into your job: by the
time you have completed your training, you will not only have the required technical knowledge,
but you will also have hands-on experience in your job. There are around 350 officially
recognised training programmes in Germany, so chances are good that one of them will suit your
interests and talents. You can find out which one that might be by visiting one of the jobs and
vocational training fairs which are organised in many German cities at different times in the year.
Employment prospects for students who have completed a dual vocational training
programme are very good. This is one of the reasons why this kind of training is very popular
with young Germans: around two thirds of all students leaving school go on to start a vocational
training programme.
1. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage?
A. Employment Opportunities and Prospects in Germany.

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B. Combination of Theory and Practice in Studying in Germany.
C. Dual Vocational Training System in Germany.
D. Higher Education System in Germany.
2. The word "it" in the first paragraph refers to ______.
A. company B. machinery C. knowledge D. organisation
3. Which of the following statements best describes the dual vocational training programmes?
A. These programmes consist of an intensive theoretical course of two and a half years at a
vocational school.
B. These programmes require you to have only practical working time at a certain company.
C. These programmes offer you some necessary technical skills to do your future job.
D. These programmes provide you with both theoretical knowledge and practical working
experience.
4. The word "hands-on” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
A. theoretical B. practical C. technical D. integral
5. How many German school leavers choose this vocational training programme?
A. well over 75% B. around one out of five
C. less than a third D. about 70%
Write your answers here
1 2 3 4 5
C A D B D
PART 2. Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C, or D best fits each numbered
gap. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. (1.0 pt)
Environmental health impacts
Pollutants in the environment or climate-related events can have a massive impact on our health.
Air and noise pollution, and heavy metals like mercury are (1) __________ related to health
issues like asthma, hearing loss, dehydration, and heart diseases. Heatwaves and floods (2)
________ the whole population but cause the highest burden for vulnerable groups like infants,
the elderly, those in poor health or communities living on floodplains.
Air pollution is the single most important (3) __________of environmental health hazards
affecting millions of Europeans. Air pollution can cause lung and heart diseases and premature
deaths. More than 90% of Europeans living in cities are (4) __________ to harmful levels of fine
particulate matter, (5) __________causes more than 200,000 premature deaths per year in
Europe.
Noise pollution from highways, airports and streets can (6) _________ hearing loss, tinnitus,
sleep loss, and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Long-term exposure to environmental
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noise is (7) _________ to cause 12,000 premature deaths and contribute to 48,000 new cases of
ischemic heart disease per year in Europe.
Pollutants can enter rivers and lakes, (8) __________ accumulating in our oceans. Some
chemicals used in industry and agriculture can enter the food chain (9) _________accumulate in
our bodies. Ongoing biomonitoring research sheds light on these chemicals and their health
impacts.
Climate change affects all Europeans. It can cause heatwaves, elevated exposure to UV radiation,
extreme and harmful weather events, prolonged and intensified pollen seasons, the proliferation
of infectious diseases and forest fires. (10) ___________ groups like the elderly, children and
people with a low income or in poor health are most affected. One in ten European schools and
hospitals may also be at risk of flooding.
1. A. lastly B. firstly C. partly D. directly
2. A. affect B. support C. offer D. bring
3. A. reason B. cause C. condition D. path
4. A. said B. supposed C. exposed D. thought
5. A. which B. that C. whose D. what
6. A. open to B. lead to C. harm to D. relate to
7. A. believed B. said C. rumored D. estimated
8. A. eventually B. clearly C. definitely D. obviously
9. A. but B. so C. and D. hence
10. A. Vulnerable B. Large C. Potential D. Supportive
Write your answers here
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Answer
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D A B C A B D A C A

PART 3. Choose from the sentences A-E the one which fits each gap (1-5). There is ONE extra
sentence which you do not need to use. Write your answers in boxes 1-5. (0.5 pt)

LIST OF HEADINGS
I. Two types of stress
II. The fallout of cell death
III. The best type of exercise
IV. How stress can be useful
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 V. One reason behind bad tempers
VI. Regrowing the brain with exercise

1. A._____

Despite its bad reputation, stress historically had a vital role to play. Commonly referred to as the
‘fight or flight’ mode, the sudden release of stress hormones like adrenalin and cortisol causes the
heart to beat faster, airways to dilate and blood vessels to open up, all of which push the body
towards optimal performance and, ultimately, survival. In the rest of the animal kingdom, this is
still often the difference between life and death. As he springs off to freedom, the lucky gazelle
who escapes the lion can thank this primal evolutionary response.
2. B._____

In ordinary modern life, although we’re in little danger of being stalked by wild beasts down city
streets, our bodies react to stress in the same ways. Experiencing anxiety, fear and stress is
considered a normal part of life when it is occasional and temporary, such as feeling anxious and
stressed before an exam or a job interview. It is when these acute reactions are prolonged or
cannot be switched off, however, that serious physical, social and cognitive issues can result. In
contrast to the normal everyday stress of modern life, chronic stress is a pathological state which
can significantly interfere with daily living activities such as work, school and relationships,
wreaking havoc on the body’s immune, metabolic and cardiovascular systems.
3. C._____

Of major concern is the impact on the brain. Researchers have found that the hippocampus, the
control centre of memory and our ability to learn, can physically shrink in response to prolonged
release of stress hormones like cortisol which result from chronic stress. Neurons in this area do
not just get smaller, but actually die, which weakens the neural connections, affecting the way
memories are organized and stored in the brain. A chronically stressed person would recognize
this as a ‘brain fog’, and it also has ramifications for other areas such as creativity and
adaptability.
4. D._____

While this part of the brain gets smaller, another area, the amygdala, which is involved in
processing emotions, can grow with chronic stress. Across species, a larger amygdala has been
found to correlate with aggression and this, coupled with the weakened connection to the
prefrontal cortex, the brain’s decision-making center, can profoundly impact mood and behavior.
With the link between emotions and decision-making compromised, a person is much less able to
stop and reflect, becoming instead reactive and short-fused. Think of the difference between
being able to tolerate a screaming child and instead giving in to the desire to scream back.
5. E._____

In the past, it was accepted that there was a limited number of neurons in the brain and as they
died off as a result of ageing, stress, or substance abuse, for instance, they were lost forever. It
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turns out, however, that this is not the case and that stem cells within the brain are actually able to
create new neurons. In other words, lost neurons can be replaced. What makes this discovery
even more powerful is the fact that replenishing neurons is rather straightforward. One of the
most powerful stimulants for neuron growth is physical activity. So, in addition to its role in the
reduction of stress hormones in the first place, and its ability to stimulate the release of
endorphins, exercise has now been shown to contribute to the repair of the chronically stressed
brain.
Write your answers here
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.E

Answer
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.E

IV I II V VI

SECTION FOUR: WRITING (3.0 pts)

PART 1. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the sentence printed
before it, beginning with the given word(s). (0) has been done as an example. (0.5 pt)
0. I walked to school in 20 minutes.
 It took me 20 minutes to walk to school.

1. Henry is trying to stop smoking.

 Henry is making_________________________________________________________.
 Henry is making (an/ every) effort(s) to stop smoking.
2. Although she was exhausted, she managed to finish her assignment on time.
 Exhausted_____________________________________________________________.
Exhausted as/though she was, she managed to finish her assignment on time.
3. It wasn’t necessary for John to bring warm clothes because the weather wasn’t very cold.
 John needn’t __________________________________________________________.
 John needn’t have brought warm clothes because the weather wasn’t very cold.
4. A true story forms the basis of Mark’s new novel.
 Mark’s new novel ________________________________________________________.
Mark’s new novel is based on a true story.
5. “I am sorry I didn’t call you yesterday.” Mark said to Lan.
 Mark apologized for______________________________________________________.
Mark apologized for not phoning Lan the day before/the previous day.

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PART 2. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using
the word given in capital. DO NOT CHANGE THE WORD GIVEN. You must use between
THREE and FIVE words, including the word given.
(0) has been done as an example. (1.0 pt)
0. I haven’t seen my brother since he left for Australia. (LAST)
@ The last time I saw my brother was when he left for Australia.

1. As far as I know, Mary is still working in London. (KNOWLEDGE)

 To _______________________, Mary is still working in London.
To the best of my knowledge, Mary is still working in London.
2. She is proud of being able to communicate in English very well. (PRIDES)
 She ____________________ being able to communicate in English very well.
She prides herself on being able to communicate in English very well.
3. The film wasn’t as good as we expected. (COME)
The film didn’t _____________________________________.
The film didn’t come up to our expectations.
4. Matthew seems to be naturally good at playing the violin. (TALENT)
 Mathew seems to_____________________ playing the violin.
Mathew seems to have a talent for playing the piano.
5. I'm so sorry, I didn't realize it was so late. (TRACK)
 Sorry, I didn’t _______________________________.
Sorry, I didn’t follow the track of time.

PART 3. (1.5 pts)

Write an essay of about 200 words to express your opinion on the following topic:
With the development of online communication, people will never be alone and will always
be able to make new friends. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
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THE END

ESSAY WRITING (1.5pts)

1. Completion : 0.5 points
2. Content : 0.3 points
Provide relevant and convincing ideas about the topic, supported by specific example
and/or reasonable justification.
3. Organization: 0.2 points
- Ideas are well organized and presented with unity, cohesion, and coherence.
4. Language: 0.3 points
- Demonstrate of a wide range of vocabulary and structures.
- Good use of grammatical structures.
- Present the ideas with clarity.
5. Punctuations and spelling: 0.2 points

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