Plumbing Code Essentials

Based on the 2018 International Plumbing Code®

International Code Council

Dave Cantrell
PLUMBING CODE ESSENTIALS: ISBN: 978-1-60983-877-5
Based on the 2018 International Plumbing Project Head: Steve Van Note
Code®
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Dave Cantrell
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 Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Contents About the International Plumbing Code® . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
About the International Code Council® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
About PHCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x

PART I : ADMINISTRATION 1
Chapter 1: Introduction to the International Codes . . . . . . . . . . 2
Code Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Scope and Limitations of the International Codes . . . . . . . . 4
Chapter 2: Legal Aspects, Permits and Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Code Adoption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Adoption of the IPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Amending the IPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Local and State Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Authority and Duties of the Code Official . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Interpretations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Alternative Methods and Materials and Evaluation Service
Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Permit Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Plans and Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Permit Issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Required Inspections and Other Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Board of Appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

PART II : LAYOUT AND PLANNING 19

Chapter 3: Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Water and Sewer Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Materials and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Protection of the Plumbing System and Structure . . . . . . . 23
Interceptors and Separators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Grease Interceptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Oil Separators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

iii
iv Contents

Chemical Wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Chapter 4: Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Minimum Plumbing Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Hot Water Requirements and Temperature Limiting . . . . . 36
Water Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Safety Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Relief Valve Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Drain Pan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Fixture Clearances and Space Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
General Fixture Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Approved Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Water Closets, Urinals, Lavatories and Bidets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Bathtubs and Showers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Kitchen Sinks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Food Waste Disposers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Dishwashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Clothes Washers and Laundry Trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Shampoo Sinks and Footbaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Floor Drains, Standpipes and Other Waste Receptors . . . . . . . .53
Food Preparation and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Protection from Contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Indirect Waste Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

PART III : DRAIN, WASTE AND VENT 57

Chapter 5: Sanitary Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Connection to Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Offsets in Drainage Stacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Drainage below the Sewer Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Cleanouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Sizing of Drains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Joints and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Chapter 6: Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Vent Connections and Grades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Vent Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Sizing of Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Relief Vents in Multiple-Story Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Vents for Horizontal Stack Offsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Venting of Island Fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Air Admittance Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
 Contents v

Venting Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Common Vent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Vertical and Horizontal Wet Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Circuit Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
Combination Waste and Vent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
Waste Stack Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Single Stack Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Chapter 7: Storm Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Roof Drains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Design and Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Siphonic Roof Drain Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Subsoil (Foundation/Footing) Drains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

PART IV : WATER DISTRIBUTION 107

Chapter 8: Water Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Joints and Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Testing and Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Design and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Chapter 9: Backflow Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Identification of Nonpotable Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Backflow Assemblies, Devices and Methods . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Protection of Potable Water Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Hose Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
Carbonated Beverage Dispensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Coffee Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Heat Exchangers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
Fire Sprinklers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
Lawn Irrigation Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
Chemical Dispensers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
Required Test and Inspection of Backflow Preventers . . . 131
Chapter 10: Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Water Quality and Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Protection of Potable Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
Protection of the Water Reuse System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
System Abandonment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
vi Contents

PART V : GAS PIPING AND APPLIANCES 139

Chapter 11: Fuel Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Appliance Installation and Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Location Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Appliances in Garages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
Protection from Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143
Exterior Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Access to Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Appliances in Attics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Condensate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Combustion Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Calculating the Net Free Area of Vents or Grilles . . . . . . . . . . .146
Combustion Air from Inside the Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
Combustion Air from Outdoors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
Outdoor Combustion Air Obtained through Two Openings or
Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
Outdoor Combustion Air Obtained through a Single Opening or
Duct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Vent Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Gas-Vent Roof Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
Direct-Vent Appliance Vent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150
Vent Sizing and Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151
Fuel-Gas Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Pipe Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
Piping Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
Piping System Prohibited Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
Other Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Appliance Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Shutoff Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
Sediment Trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157
Piping Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Preface
P
lumbing design and installation routinely consists of conven-
tional practices, those tried-and-true methods that have per-
formed well over the years and have long been recognized by
the plumbing code . With the introduction of new technology, materials
and methods, improved understanding of safe and sanitary plumbing
systems, and innovation in designs, plumbing technology and the code
that regulates it have become increasingly complex . Such complexity is
necessary to afford flexibility in design and construction . Reference pub-
lications intending to explain the provisions regulating plumbing design
and installation may overwhelm the reader with a broad range of topics
and alternatives, may provide superficial coverage of all requirements or
may focus on the details of a limited number of provisions .
Plumbing Code Essentials: Based on the 2018 International Plumbing
Code® (Includes 2018 IRC Plumbing Provisions and a Chapter on Fuel
Gas Piping) was developed to address the need for an illustrated text
explaining the essentials of the plumbing code—those provisions essen-
tial to understanding the application of the code to the most commonly
encountered plumbing practices . The text is presented and organized in
a user-friendly manner with an emphasis on technical accuracy and clear
non-code language .
Plumbing Code Essentials features full-color illustrations to assist the
reader in visualizing the application of the code requirements . Practical
examples, simplified tables and highlights of particularly useful infor-
mation also aid in understanding the provisions and determining code
compliance . References to the applicable sections of the 2018 codes are
helpful in locating the corresponding code language and related topics in
the code . A glossary of code and plumbing terms clarifies the meaning of
the technical provisions .
Anyone involved in the design, installation or inspection of plumbing
systems will benefit from this book . Beginner and experienced inspec-
tors, plan checkers, installers, contractors, home builders, architects,
designers, home inspectors and students of plumbing technology or
related fields will gain understanding and practical application of the fre-
quently used provisions of the 2018 edition of the IPC, plus provisions
from IRC plumbing and IFGC piping .
The content of Plumbing Code Essentials is organized to correspond
to the order of construction, beginning with layout and planning, things
one needs to identify during the design . For instance, the planning phase
must consider the minimum number of required fixtures, the potable
water source, interceptors or separators needed before connecting to the
sewer, safety provisions that may apply to the hot water temperature at
its source and fixture outlets . This is followed by the design of the drain,
waste and vent (DWV) system as well as roof drains and subsoil drain-
age . Also discussed is the design and installation of the water supply and
distribution system, including requirements necessary for protecting the
potable water by means of appropriate backflow preventers . In addition,

vii
viii Preface

with the increased need for water conservation, the book will review
important details with regard to water reuse, such as rainwater harvest-
ing and graywater reuse . References to the applicable IPC code sections
are followed by reference to the corresponding section from the 2018
International Residential Code (IRC) . Finally, fuel gas piping and appliance
installation are covered with references to the applicable sections of the
2018 International Fuel Gas Code and the 2018 IRC .
Correct and reasonable application of the code provisions is enhanced
by a basic understanding of the code development process, the scope,
intent and correlation of the family of International Codes, and the
proper administration of those codes . Such fundamental information
is provided in the opening chapters of this publication . The book also
explains the interaction of a plumbing code with other local, state or
federal regulations .
This book does not intend to cover all provisions of the IPC, IRC and
IFGC or all of the accepted materials and methods of plumbing design
and installation . Focusing in some detail on the most common plumb-
ing provisions affords an opportunity to fully understand the essentials
without exploring every variable and alternative . This is not to say that
information not covered is any less important or valid . This book is best
used as a companion to the IPC, IRC and IFGC, which should be refer-
enced for more complete information .

ABOUT THE INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING

CODE®
The IPC is a comprehensive plumbing code that establishes minimum
regulations for the design and installation of plumbing systems in all
types of construction and occupancies . The IPC incorporates prescriptive
provisions for conventional design as well as performance criteria that
allow the use of new materials and new design methods . The IPC is one
of the codes in the family of International Codes published by the Inter-
national Code Council (ICC) . All are maintained and updated through
an open code development process and are available internationally for
adoption by the governing authority to provide consistent enforceable
regulations for the built environment .
The impact of the IPC extends well beyond the regulatory arena, as it
is used in a variety of nonregulatory settings, including:
• Voluntary compliance programs such as those promoting sustain-
ability, energy efficiency and disaster resistance .
• The insurance industry, to estimate and manage risk, and as a tool
in underwriting and rate decisions .
• Certification and credentialing of individuals involved in the fields
of building design, construction and safety .
• Certification of building and construction-related products .
• US federal agencies, to guide construction in an array of govern-
ment-owned properties .
• Facilities management .
 Preface ix

• “Best practices” benchmarks for designers and builders, including

those who are engaged in projects in jurisdictions that do not
have a formal regulatory system or a governmental enforcement
mechanism .
• College, university and professional school textbooks and curricula .
• Reference works related to building design and construction .

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The International Code Council and the author greatly appreciate the
review, coordination and production efforts by individuals without
whom this publication would not have been possible . Gary Gauthier,
ICC Director of PMG Technical Resources, did the technical peer review;
Cindy Rodriguez, ICC Manager of Product Development, coordinated all
of the development efforts with the author; Mary Lou Luif, ICC Man-
ager of Publications, and Jen Fitzsimmons, ICC Manager of Publications
Production, and their staff implemented the editorial and production
process .
The author would like to thank the Washington Association of
Building Officials (WABO) who supported his involvement in technical
code development over the past two decades, and both WABO and ICC
staff and members who have always been a great resource of knowledge
and expertise .

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Dave Cantrell has been actively involved in the plumbing industry for
over 45 years, having received his journeyman plumber certification in
the state of Washington in 1978 after completing his apprenticeship .
Over 30 years of his career in the state have been in the public sector,
first with Snohomish County Planning & Development Services, and
then with Public Health—Seattle and King County . He began as a plumb-
ing inspector in Snohomish County, then became a senior inspector; and
later, as a building inspection specialist, he worked in code development
at the local, state and national level . As the chief plumbing inspector for
Seattle and King County from May 2004 until his retirement on Decem-
ber 31, 2016, he continued his involvement in code development . He was
the recipient of the 2013 Code Official of the Year from the Washington
Association of Building Officials (WABO) . Dave has been a member of
the Plumbing Code Technical Advisory Group for the Washington State
Building Code Council since 1994 and is a member of WABO’s Technical
Code Development Committee . He has conducted many plumbing and
fuel gas code seminars over the years on behalf of WABO . He has served
on a number of ICC committees since the mid-1990s and was chair of
the International Plumbing/Private Sewage Disposal Code Committee
for the development of the 2015 and 2018 International Plumbing Code .
Most recently he served on the Rainwater Collection System Design and
x Preface

Installation Consensus Committee that developed the joint ICC/CSA

standard for rainwater harvesting systems .

ABOUT THE INTERNATIONAL CODE

COUNCIL®
The International Code Council is a member-focused association . It is
dedicated to developing model codes and standards used in the design,
build and compliance process to construct safe, sustainable, affordable
and resilient structures . Most US communities and many global markets
choose the International Codes . ICC Evaluation Service (ICC-ES) is the
industry leader in performing technical evaluations for code compliance
fostering safe and sustainable design and construction .

Governmental Affairs Office: 500 New Jersey Avenue, NW, 6th Floor,
Washington, DC 20001

Regional Offices: Eastern Regional Office (BIR), Central Regional Of-

fice (CH), Western Regional Office (LA)

888-ICC-SAFE (888-422-7233)
www .iccsafe .org

ABOUT PHCC
BEST PEOPLE. BEST PRACTICES.®
The premiere organization for the p-h-c professional, PHCC provides leg-
islative advocacy, education and training to approximately 3,300 plumb-
ing and HVACR open shop and union businesses and 65,000 technicians .
Our members work in the residential, commercial, new construction,
industrial and service and repair segments of the construction industry .
Members of PHCC have access to a wide variety of resources and
services, strengthening their reputation as the best choice for profes-
sionalism, reliable products and knowledgeable service—and as a proud
protector of public health and safety and the environment .
Approximately 125 state and local association affiliates are part of
PHCC’s chapter network .
https://www .phccweb .org/