See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/359229530

Simulation of Human Body Ergonomics within Work System using Catia

Delmia Software Solver Package

Article · March 2022

CITATIONS READS

0 873

3 authors, including:

Anugrah Ashitha Nivas Sivasankaran Panneerselvam

Mankula Vinayagar Institute of Technology Christ College of Engineering & Technology
7 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 61 PUBLICATIONS 59 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Sivasankaran Panneerselvam on 15 March 2022.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

 Journal of e-ISSN: 2582-1067
Industrial Mechanics Volume-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2022)

www.matjournals.com

Simulation of Human Body Ergonomics within Work System using Catia

Delmia Software Solver Package
Sivasankaran.P*1, Anugrah2, Rahul.R2
1
Associate Professor, 2Student
Department of Mechanical Engineering, ManakulaVinayagar Institute of Technology, Pondicherry,
Tamil Nadu, India

*Corresponding Author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT carry out the work in well performed way.

In general, productivity plays an important Ergonomics contributes a maximum importance
role in industries by adopting certain modern in assessing the efficiency of worker
strategies to improve human performance in performance in the organization. The key
the workplace. Since workers are the most purpose of using ergonomics principle is to
important assets for any organization. minimize the musculoskeletal disorder issues
Human ergonomics are applied in the faced by the worker every day time of work.
workplace to study the comforting nature of Based on the report observed by Washington
workers within the work system with respect state department of labor and industries it is
to the handling of various machinery, tools, clearly understood that 50 % of workers in the
and other equipment. In this paper effort has industrial organization have suffered due to
been made to study the characteristics of the musculoskeletal disorder problems. So,
human body subjected to a heavy workload ergonomics optimizes the best achievement of
environment in addition to that simulation objectives performed by the group of workers.
exercise is conducted to study the body
motion of human workers using CATIA Ergonomics makes use of space for
DELMIA Software applications. The allocating the equipment, integrating the human
following analysis is performed using CATIA factor into work place design etc. are some of
DELMIA Software such as limb motion, leg the identified objectives of workplace design
movement, Neck movement, and waist ergonomics.
movement. Based on the above analysis one
can suggest the best possible posture for the Following are the benefits of ergonomics as
human workers while doing heavy tasks listed below:
within the work system. The main purpose of
ergonomics is to improve body posture by 1. To minimize the cost of decreasing injuries
reducing faulty accidents and increasing by the workers.
safety. 2. Improved productivity leads to better
improvement of productivity in the work
Keywords-- CATIA DELMIA, Ergonomics, place.
Posture analysis, Safety 3. It improves the safety and health
consciousness of worker.

INTRODUCTION Workplace should be designed in such a

way that people can safely perform the work
In specific fatigue is a major issue in related tasks with less fatigue.
today’s society due to high demand in workplace
environment. Fatigue occurs due to inconsistent Ergonomics also stated as human factors
work schedules, workload extremities etc. engineering it describes the degree of
Fatigue spoils the productivity of workers for the relationship between human worker and
entire day. The main objective of this work is to machines within the work system

17 Page 17-23 © MAT Journals 2022. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of e-ISSN: 2582-1067
Industrial Mechanics Volume-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2022)

www.matjournals.com

Classification of ergonomics Transportation

The following are the various classifications of In the field of transportation ergonomics
ergonomics as listed below: plays an efficient role to support human comfort.
Transportation facilities like cars, buses, trains
1. Physical Ergonomics etc play a vital role to ensure the users with high
2. Cognitive Ergonomics safety and efficient transportation. Example let
3. Neuroergonomics us consider driving assistants software systems
4. Organizational Ergonomics used in cars. This involves cognitive ergonomics
application to understand the functions of
Physical Ergonomics: This type of technical systems.
ergonomics deals with basic dimensions of
human body parameters both in terms of static Control Processes
and dynamic physical work. Here the main
Ergonomics plays a major role in
subjects like body posture analysis adopted
process control applications especially in the
during work cycles, fatigue and other related
manufacturing process of paper mill and milk
issues are focused. production. In process control operation
ergonomics achieves to be important role in
Cognitive Ergonomics: In this sub maintaining the fit between worker and process
discipline it involves cognitive processes like systems with all safety measures.
decision making, mental load, stress and human
manual errors at work. Design

Neuroergonomics: It focuses on In design also ergonomics plays efficient

neurophysical methods such as brain imaging role in creation of concept idea according to the
techniques. This can be used for evaluating the perception of end users. Ergonomics thought
human computer interfaces. applied in design is to simplify the product steps
carried out in design process. Thus ergonomics
Organizational ergonomics: This type of plays an important role in various diversified
ergonomics mainly focuses on organizational field applications as stated above.
structures and various policies etc and other
related items. LITERATURE REVIEW

Areas of Application This section illustrates the literature

work done by various authors in the field of
This section primarily focuses on human factors engineering.
ergonomics issues related to basic psychology of
humans in workplace. Here there are some few Edgar Ramos Vieira & Shrawan Kumar
areas focused as listed below: [1] -This literature provides detailed evidence on
working postures and musculoskeletal disorders
Human Computer Interaction are the two primary problems focused in the
literature. The information regarding working
It is known from the fact for many postures and other related data’s are collected
several years computers has become the most and deeply analyzed to improve the worker
sophisticated devices to the mankind. Due to the health due to continuous fatigue.
growing importance of information technologies,
the term cognitive ergonomics can be replaced N. Jaffar, A. H. Abdul-Tharim, I. F.
as human computer interaction. For instance the Mohd-Kamar, N. S. Lop [2] - The purpose of
computing devices used in modern cars helps to this literature is to review the ergonomics risk
bring lot of comfort while driving with all safety factors in the construction industry. This
measures. proposed study involves risk factor analysis of

18 Page 17-23 © MAT Journals 2022. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of e-ISSN: 2582-1067
Industrial Mechanics Volume-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2022)

www.matjournals.com

human and related work system. Based on the environment related to fatigue analysis is
literature survey the most critical problem concentrated. In this work focus is carried on
addressed in the work place is force and ergonomics body building of human worker
repetition of movement with vibration. using CATIA Delmia software. The various
analyses carried out related to human
John A. Caldwell, J. Lynn Caldwell, ergonomics with respect to human leg, waist and
Lauren A. Thompson & Harris R. Lieberman [3] arm using posture editor tool using CATIA V5
– Based on the literature it is observed from the Package.
fact that fatigue and workplace sleepiness are the
two most important consequences in modern METHODOLOGY
work culture. Proper education about fatigue and Problem statement
sleepiness in work place to be given proper
awareness and care to improve the mental health 1. The objective is to minimize the workplace
and productivity of human workforce . manual fatigue experienced by the workers
while performing the repeated tasks.
Liang Ma, Damien Chablat, Fouad 2. To simulate the 3D virtual human digital
Bennis, Wei Zhang & François Guillaume [4] – environment using CATIA V5 Package.
Even though automation techniques are 3. To analyze the various posture performed
preferred but still there are many lots of manual by the worker using posture editor tool.
handling tasks are carried out for assembly and 4. Comparing the standard and actual data to
maintenance jobs . Normally physical fatigue is predict the level of variation in maintaining
one of the commonly observed problems in the simple body motion.
above mentioned jobs as explained in the
literature. Digital Human Modeling

M.Manzoor Hussain, Qutubuddin S.M., In this present work attempt has been
Katuru Phani Raja Kumar & Ch. Kesava Reddy made to simulate the various motion performed
[5] - This literature discusses about various work by worker using CATIA DELMIA Package. The
postures performed by worker using RULA proposed command used to do this analysis is
(Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) Method. follows start – ergonomics simulation – Human
Digital human modelling is one of the common posture analysis.
methods to simulate the workplace related to
ergonomic workplace. Manual workers are often Click human posture editor icon from
facing the common problems such as mental and the window then change the options finally click
physical disorder. This problem can be analyzed ok the proposed virtual digital human model will
by using virtual simulation model. be appeared in the screen as shown in Fig. 1.
According to Fig. 1, it clearly represents the
Adailton Gonçalves da Silva, Marcus simulation of right leg as per ergonomics
Vinicius Mendes Gomes and Ingrid Winkler [6] application.
– The present study helps to analyze the
application of virtual reality and digital human Example: when a worker walking inside
modeling techniques in terms of 3D CAD the shop floor environment care should be taken
environment. Using virtual reality we can while keeping the leg on floor the following
digitally model 3D Objects. This helps to study things are to be measured such as the level of
the various issues related to ergonomics. physical comfort before keeping the foot on the
floor, type of load carrying using arm etc. The
Summary of literature major variable is degree of inclination of leg
from static to dynamic condition when worker
Based on the above cluster of literature moves from one state of point to another state of
works which is collected related to ergonomics point. For an instance if the person age is more
are summarized here. Most of the literature work than 45 years he /she must be able to lift the leg
focused on digital human modeling in 3 D at minimum angle of inclination.

19 Page 17-23 © MAT Journals 2022. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of e-ISSN: 2582-1067
Industrial Mechanics Volume-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2022)

www.matjournals.com

Figure 1: Ergonomics analysis on leg.

From Fig. 1, the angle of inclination or worker by considering the age and body
lift of leg is said to be 50.05 deg as mentioned in complexion. In posture editor tool we can
posture editor tool this is the minimum analyze various different variables for
permissible motion performed by the senior performing ergonomics study.

Figure 2: Ergonomics analysis on waist.

20 Page 17-23 © MAT Journals 2022. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of e-ISSN: 2582-1067
Industrial Mechanics Volume-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2022)

www.matjournals.com

From Fig. 2 details on body waist materials from the floor contact point. Instead
movement is performed by simulation worktable can be placed so that worker can bend
experiments randomly based on that finally the partially for lifting the jobs in order to avoid
optimal degree of inclination is fixed using the floor contact. Fig. 2 gives the simple posture for
posture analysis tool say 69 deg. So that worker manipulating the waist adjustment.
needs not to bend this spine fully to lift the

Figure 3: Ergonomics analysis on right arm subjected to side movement.

Fig. 3 gives the details about the as shown in Fig. 3. In case if worker wants to
ergonomics analysis on right arm movement access the material situated near by side or
subjected to sideways movement within the shop parallel location he/she has to manipulate the
floor system. Here in this analysis using posture arm in sideway motion. So here in this
editor tool the angle of adjustment for right arm experiment analysis is done on right arm of
subjected to sideways is said to be 49.16 degrees worker.

Figure 4: Ergonomics analysis on neck movement.

21 Page 17-23 © MAT Journals 2022. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of e-ISSN: 2582-1067
Industrial Mechanics Volume-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2022)

www.matjournals.com

Fig. 4 Analysis is carried out on head clearly depicts that if a person has neck problem
movement of worker as per safety constraints is or any other disorder the minimum movement
described here as follows the minimum angle of can be done as illustrated above in Fig. 4.
inclination for head is 7.45 degrees. This data

Table 1: Comparison of various ergonomic parameters with standard and observed data.
Standard data Observed data
S. No Items List
(Deg) (Deg)

1 Leg lifting angle 52.5 50.05

2 Waist angle 75 69
3 Side adjustment of arm 54.5 49.16
4 Neck movement 10 7.45

From Table 1, Comparison estimate Rehabilitation, 14(2), pp. 1-18, DOI:

between standard data and observed data are http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOOR.0000018
taken into consideration for evaluating the best 330.46029.05.
possible body posture to be maintained in the 2. N. Jaffar, A. H. Abdul-Tharim, I. F. Mohd-
workplace. The observed data is fixed with Kamar & N. S. Lop (2011). A Literature
reference to the standard data using CATIA Review of Ergonomics Risk Factors in
DELMIA Package. Construction Industry. Proceedia
engineering, 20, pp. 89-97, DOI:
CONCLUSION https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.14
2.
At the outset the importance of 3. John A. Caldwell, J. Lynn Caldwell, Lauren
ergonomics applications is illustrated with A. Thompson & Harris R. Lieberman
detailed experiments using simulation approach. (2019). Fatigue and its management in the
In addition to that the ergonomic factors like leg workplace. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral
lifting angle, Waist angle, Side adjustment of Reviews, 96, pp. 272-289, DOI:
arm and neck movement by comparing the https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.10.
standard and observed data. In this paper attempt 024.
has been made to develop a 3D human digital 4. Liang Ma, Damien Chablat, Fouad Bennis,
modeling with the help of simulation interface Wei Zhang & François Guillaume (2008).
operation using CATIA DELMIA. A new muscle fatigue and recovery model
and its ergonomics application in human
FUTURE SCOPE simulation. Proceedings of IDMME -
Virtual Concept 2008, Beijing, China, pp.
The present work can be extended as 1-10, Available at:
model to implement the guidelines for worker in https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0901/0901
order to educate them to maintain simple body .0825.pdf.
postures while loading and unloading the 5. M.Manzoor Hussain, Qutubuddin S.M.,
materials within the shop floor. Regular trainings Katuru Phani Raja Kumar & Ch. Kesava
must be given to the workers in order to follow Reddy (2019). Digital Human Modelling in
the safety procedures in performing the body Ergonomic Risk Assessment of Working
postures while carrying out the work. Postures using RULA, Proceedings of the
International Conference on Industrial
REFERENCES Engineering and Operations Management,
Bangkok, Thailand, Available at:
1. Edgar Ramos Vieira & Shrawan Kumar https://www.researchgate.net/publication/33
(2004). Working Postures: A Literature 2188936_Digital_Human_Modeling_in_Er
Review. Journal of Occupational

22 Page 17-23 © MAT Journals 2022. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of e-ISSN: 2582-1067
Industrial Mechanics Volume-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2022)

www.matjournals.com

gonomic_Risk_Assessment_of_Working_P Modeling for Ergonomic Assessment in

ostures_using_RULA. Industrial Product Development: A Patent
6. Adailton Gonçalves da Silva, Marcus and Literature Review. Applied Science,
Vinicius Mendes Gomes & Ingrid Winkler 2022, 12(3), 1084, DOI:
(2022). Virtual Reality and Digital Human https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031084

23 Page 17-23 © MAT Journals 2022. All Rights Reserved

View publication stats