Multilevel Reading

2024
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 1: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Car Fumes
Breathing air pollution could change our brain. A study shows that car fumes can change how
parts of our (1) ____________________ connect with other parts. The research is from a university
in Canada. It found that car fumes can change our brain's connectivity in two hours. Professor
Chris Carlsten was surprised at what he found in his (2) ______________________. He said: "For
many decades, scientists thought the brain may be protected from the harmful effects of air
pollution." He added: "This study provides fresh evidence supporting a connection between
air pollution and thinking."

The (3) ____________________ study was on 25 adults. Researchers asked (4) ______________________
to breathe car fumes in a laboratory. The team took brain scans of the adults for two hours.
The scans showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking changed. There were
fewer connections between the (5) ____________________________. Another professor was worried
when she saw how traffic pollution interrupted networks in the brain. She wants more
research to see how car fumes change our brain. She said people should close car windows
when in traffic. The brains of the 25 (6) _______________________________ returned to normal after
they breathed clean air.

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. A pair is seeking a secluded retreat where they can indulge in exquisite dining experiences.
B. Your acquaintance, a qualified sailing instructor, desires employment in a location with
convenient access to maritime activities.
C. You require a venue equipped with cutting-edge facilities to host large-scale corporate
events.
D. Your friend, an experienced pastry chef, is searching for a position in a hotel that offers on-
site living accommodations.
E. You are pursuing a managerial role in a hotel that provides opportunities for professional
advancement.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

F. Your colleague seeks a tranquil setting suitable for conducting a leadership workshop.
G. You and your partner are seeking a cozy seaside hotel where you can enjoy water activities
together and relax in a tranquil environment.
H. You wish to spend your vacation in a destination that offers a mix of outdoor activities and
cultural experiences.
I. A friend is interested in overseeing the operations of a restaurant that offers a competitive
compensation package.
J. You are in search of a beachfront location where you and a small group of friends can
unwind.

7. Located along a serene coastline, this boutique hotel offers 15 elegantly designed rooms,
each with a private balcony overlooking the sea. The hotel features a quaint restaurant
serving fresh, local seafood and offers various water activities such as kayaking and
paddleboarding. Ideal for couples and small groups looking to unwind by the beach. For
inquiries, email [email protected].

8. This charming inn is positioned just a short distance from a lively marina, providing guests
with the opportunity to partake in various water sports, including sailing lessons available at
the nearby harbor. For additional details, visit www.harborinn.co.uk.

9. Set amidst the heart of natural surroundings, this lodge is an ideal escape for enthusiasts
of nature and outdoor adventures. Guests can explore hiking trails, enjoy bird watching, and
delve into the cultural heritage of a nearby site. Reserve your stay at greenwoodlodge.com.

10. This contemporary venue is fully equipped to meet the demands of large corporate
gatherings, offering expansive conference rooms, dining facilities, and comprehensive
technical support. Its peaceful location with scenic surroundings makes it an excellent choice
for workshops and seminars. Contact us at cedarwoodconference.com.

11. Located at the heart of the city, The Grand Hotel offers luxurious accommodations paired
with all the necessary amenities for hosting significant corporate events. The hotel features
multiple banquet halls and conference spaces capable of accommodating events of various
scales. For more details, call 020 7946 0860.

12. A family-operated establishment located in a picturesque village, this inn is currently

seeking a committed chef to join its small yet skilled team. The role includes accommodation
and offers potential for career growth in a nurturing environment. Inquiries can be made by
calling 01483 923456.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

13. Tucked away in a remote location, this 16th-century manor exudes a romantic ambiance,
featuring candlelit dinners with gourmet local cuisine and personalized service tailored for
couples. For more information, visit foxhillmanor.co.uk.

14. This seaside hotel is in search of an experienced assistant manager to assist in overseeing
daily operations. The ideal candidate will have a background in hospitality management and a
drive to advance their career within the industry. Submit your CV to [email protected].

Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) An array of diverse species
B) Embodying endurance
C) Multifaceted roles in society
D) Flourishing in extreme climates
E) Origins in barren terrains
F) From arid wilderness to urban spaces
G) Beyond ordinary flora
H) Evolutionary mastery

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI
Cactus
I. Cacti are renowned for their capacity to thrive under some of the planet’s most challenging
conditions. Predominantly found in desert regions, these plants have developed an array of
adaptations that allow them to endure extreme temperatures and prolonged periods of
drought. Their thick, waxy epidermis minimizes water loss, while their spines provide both
protection and a form of shade. Despite the harsh environments they inhabit, cacti
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

demonstrate remarkable longevity, often surviving for several decades or more.

II. Cacti serve a multitude of purposes across different cultures. In Mexican cuisine, the fruit
of the prickly pear, known as "tuna," is a common ingredient. Traditional medicine also makes
use of cactus extracts to treat various ailments, including digestive issues and skin conditions.
Additionally, the spines of certain cacti have been used in crafts and jewelry. The distinctive
form of the cactus has also inspired modern design, influencing everything from furniture to
architectural structures. This versatility has cemented the cactus’s place in both traditional
and contemporary culture.
III. The cactus has its roots in the arid landscapes of the Americas, where it has thrived for
millions of years. Fossil evidence suggests that the ancestors of today’s cacti were present
over 30 million years ago. These resilient plants are now widespread, from the deserts of the
southwestern United States to the harsh, dry environments of the Atacama Desert in Chile.
The cactus’s ability to flourish in such desolate areas underscores its evolutionary prowess.
IV. The cactus has come to symbolize resilience and perseverance, often regarded as a
metaphor for strength in adversity. Its capacity to not only survive but also thrive in the most
unforgiving environments has made it an emblem of toughness and endurance. In literature
and visual arts, the cactus is frequently used to represent these qualities, embodying the
spirit of overcoming challenges and persisting against all odds.
V. Although cacti originate from some of the world’s driest regions, they have gained
popularity as decorative plants in both residential and commercial spaces globally. Their
striking, often unconventional appearances, combined with their minimal care requirements,
have made them a favorite among gardeners and interior designers. In urban environments,
cacti are frequently incorporated into landscaping to introduce an exotic element. Certain
species, such as the Christmas cactus, have even been cultivated to bloom indoors during the
colder months, adding a touch of vibrancy to winter settings.
VI. The cactus family exhibits an extraordinary range of species, each uniquely adapted to its
surroundings. From the towering saguaro of the Sonoran Desert to the diminutive, spherical
peyote, these plants have undergone significant evolutionary diversification. Some species,
like the saguaro, grow to impressive heights, resembling trees, while others remain compact
and close to the ground. This remarkable diversity not only aids in their survival but also
makes cacti highly sought after by horticulturists and enthusiasts around the globe.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

Ancient Storytelling
It was told, we suppose, to people crouched around a fire: a tale of adventure, most likely-
relating some close encounter with death; a remarkable hunt, an escape from mortal danger;
a vision, or something else out of the ordinary. Whatever its thread, the weaving of this story
was done with a prime purpose. The listeners must be kept listening. They must not fall
asleep. So, as the story went on, its audience should be sustained by one question above all.
What happens next?
The first fireside stories in human history can never be known. They were kept in the heads of
those who told them. This method of storage is not necessarily inefficient. From documented
oral traditions in Australia, the Balkans and other parts of the world we know that specialised
storytellers and poets can recite from memory literally thousands of lines, in verse or prose,
verbatim-word for word. But while memory is rightly considered an art in itself, it is clear that
a primary purpose of making symbols is to have a system of reminders or mnemonic cues –
signs that assist us to recall certain information in the mind’s eye. In some Polynesian
communities, a notched memory stick may help to guide a storyteller through successive
stages of recitation. But in other parts of the world, the activity of storytelling historically
resulted in the development or even the invention of writing systems.
One theory about the arrival of literacy in ancient Greece, for example, argues that the epic
tales about the Trojan War and the wanderings of Odysseus – traditionally attributed to
Homer – were just so enchanting to hear that they had to be preserved. So the Greeks, c.750-
700BC, borrowed an alphabet from their neighbors in the eastern Mediterranean, the
Phoenicians.
The custom of recording stories on parchment and other materials can be traced in many
manifestations around the world, from the priestly papyrus archives of ancient Egypt to the
birch-bark scrolls on which the North American Ojibway Indians set down their creation-
myth. It is a well-tried and universal practice: so much so that to this day storytime is
probably most often associated with words on paper. The formal practice of narrating a story
aloud would seem-so we assume to have given way to newspapers, novels and comic strips.
This, however, is not the case. Statistically, it is doubtful that the majority of humans currently
rely upon the written word to get access to stories. So what is the alternative source?
Each year, over 7 billion people will go to watch the latest offering from Hollywood, Bollywood
and beyond. The supreme storyteller of today is cinema. The movies, as distinct from still
photography, seem to be an essential modem phenomenon. This is an illusion, for there are,
as we shall see, certain ways in which the medium of film is indebted to very old precedents
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

of arranging ‘sequences’ of images. But any account of visual storytelling must be with the
recognition that all storytelling beats with a deeply atavistic pulse: that is, a ‘good story’ relies
upon formal patterns of plot and characterisation that have been embedded in the practice
of storytelling over many generations.
Thousands of scripts arrive every week at the offices of the major film studios. But aspiring
screenwriters really need to look no further for essential advice then the fourth-century BC
Greek Philosopher Aristotle. He left some incomplete lecture notes on the art of telling stories
in various literary and dramatic modes, a slim volume known as The Poetics. Though he can
never have envisaged the popcorn-fuelled actuality of a multiplex cinema, Aristotle is almost
prescient about the key elements required to get the crowds flocking to such a cultural hub.
He analyzed the process with cool rationalism. When a story enchants us, we lose the sense
of where we are; we are drawn into the story so thoroughly that we forget it is a story being
told. This is, in Aristotle’s phrase, ‘the suspension of disbelief.

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What was the main goal of the earliest fireside stories?
A) To entertain with humor
B) To keep the audience attentive and awake
C) To impart moral lessons
D) To record historical events
22. What does the passage imply about the first storytellers?
A) They heavily relied on written texts.
B) They used memory techniques to retain stories.
C) They recorded tales on parchment.
D) They avoided using symbols or cues.
23. Why did the ancient Greeks reportedly adopt an alphabet from the Phoenicians?
A) To document agricultural practices
B) To preserve epic tales like those of the Trojan War
C) To improve trade and communication
D) To create a legal system
24. According to the passage, what serves as the modern equivalent of ancient storytelling?
A) Newspapers and novels
B) Radio broadcasts
C) Cinema
D) Social media platforms
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. The earliest fireside stories primarily focused on the afterlife.

A) True B) False C) No Information
26. In some cultures, storytellers used notched sticks to help them remember the sequence
of events.
A) True B) False C) No Information
27. The ancient Greeks developed their alphabet independently, without outside influence.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. The Ojibway Indians recorded their creation myths on birch-bark scrolls.
A) True B) False C) No Information
29. Aristotle's 'The Poetics' offers insights that are still relevant for modern screenwriters.
A) True B) False C) No Information

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

T-Rex Hunter
Jack Horner is an unlikely academic: his dyslexia is so bad that he has trouble reading a book.
But he can read the imprint of life in sandstone or muddy shale across a distance of 100m
years, and it is this gift that has made him curator of palaeontology at Montana State
University’s Museum of the Rockies, the leader of a multi-million dollar scientific project to
expose a complete slice of life 68m years ago, and a consultant to Steven Spielberg and other
Hollywood figures.
His father had a sand and gravel quarry in Montana, and the young Horner was a collector of
stones and bones, complete with notes about when and where he found them. “My father
had owned a ranch when he was younger, in Montana,” he says. “He was enough of a
geologist, is a sand and gravel man, to have a pretty good notion that they were dinosaur
bones. So when I was eight years old he took me back to the area that had been his ranch, to
where he had seen these big old bones. I picked up one. I am pretty sure it was the upper
arm bone of a duckbilled dinosaur: it probably wasn’t a maiaosaur but closely related to that.
I catalogued it, and took good care of it, and then later when I was in high school, excavated
my first dinosaur skeleton. It obviously started earlier than eight and I literally have been
driven ever since. I feel like I was born this way.”
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Horner spent seven years at university but never graduated. “I have a learning disability, I
would call it a learning difference – dyslexia, they call it – and I just had a terrible time with
English and foreign languages and things like that. For a degree in geology or biology, they
required two years of a foreign language. There was no way in the world I could do that. In
fact, I didn’t really pass English. So I couldn’t get a degree, I just wasn’t capable of it. But I took
all of the courses required and I wrote a thesis and I did all sorts of things. So I have the
education, I just don’t have the piece of paper,” he says.
In Montana, in those days, everybody had the right to a college education. His grades at high
school had been terrible, at university, his advisers recognised that he was having a hard
time, and went on helping. The dean who kept readmitting him was to give Horner an
honorary doctorate years later. As a young non-graduate, Horner wrote to every museum in
the English-speaking world, asking for a job. Los Angeles County Museum and the Royal
Ontario Museum in Toronto made offers, but he accepted a post as a technician at Princeton
University because of Princeton, New Jersey.
“We definitely know we are working on a very broad coastal plain with the streams and rivers
bordered by conifers and hardwood plants, and the areas in between these rivers were
probably fern-covered. There were no grasses at all: just ferns and bushes – an unusual
landscape, kind of taking the south-eastern United States – Georgia, Florida – and mixing it
with the moors of England and flattening it out,” he says. “Triceratops is very common: they
are the cows of the Cretaceous, they are everywhere. Duckbilled dinosaurs are relatively
common but not as common as triceratops and T rex, for a meat-eating dinosaur, is very
common. What we would consider the predator-prey ratio seems really off the scale. What is
interesting is the little dromaeosaurs, the ones we know for sure were good predators, we
haven’t found any of them.”
Which is why he sees T rex, not as the lion of the Cretaceous savannah but its vulture. “Look
at the wildebeest that migrate in the Serengeti of Africa, a million individuals lose about
200,000 individuals in that annual migration. There is a tremendous carrion base there. And
so you have hyenas, you have tremendous numbers of vultures that are scavenging, you
don’t have all that many animals that are good predators. If T rex was a top predator,
especially considering how big it is, you’d expect it to be extremely rare, much rarer than the
little dromaeosaurs, and yet they are everywhere, they are a dime a dozen,” he says. A 12-
tonne T rex is a lot of vultures, but he doesn’t see the monster as clumsy. He insisted his
theory and finding, dedicated to further research upon it, of course, he would like to
reevaluate if there is any case that additional evidence found or explanation raised by others
in the future.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

Horner serves as the curator of palaeontology at Montana State University’s Museum of the
(30) _____________________________. At the age of eight, Horner discovered what he believed to
be the upper arm bone of a (31) ________________________________ dinosaur. Horner faced
challenges with (32) ______________________________ due to his dyslexia, preventing him from
earning a degree. Horner likens the T-Rex to a (33) ________________________________, suggesting
it scavenged like vultures rather than actively hunted.

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. Why was Horner unable to complete his university education?

A) He was dismissed for low academic performance.
B) He couldn’t meet the foreign language requirements.
C) He lost enthusiasm for his studies.
D) He failed to submit his thesis.
35. What is Horner's reasoning for considering T-Rex more of a scavenger?
A) It lacked the speed to catch live prey.
B) It was too massive to function as a top predator.
C) It was found more frequently than smaller, known predators.
D) Its teeth were more suitable for scavenging than for hunting.

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 2: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Cycling and knees

Cycling keeps us fit and healthy. It is good for our heart and our mental health. It also keeps
our weight down. A surprising benefit of getting on a bike is that it is good for our knees. A
new study says cyclists have less knee pain when they get older. The (1) _______________________
is from Baylor College of Medicine in the USA. Researchers surveyed 2,600 people, with an
average age of 64. The (2) _________________________ were asked about their levels of physical
activity. They also had X-rays of their knees taken. (3) _________________________ looked at the X-
rays for signs of arthritis in the knee joints.

Lead researcher Dr Grace Lo was surprised by the results of the research. She said
(4) ____________________________ were 21 per cent less likely to have signs of a joint problem
called osteoarthritis. This is often called "wear-and-tear" arthritis. It happens when we use
our joints a lot. The joint wears down and becomes painful. (5) ____________________________ is a
very common disease. It usually starts when people are in their fifties. Dr Lo said cycling, "is a
great preventative strategy for many things, including arthritis". A lot of (6) ____________________
shows that cyclists are around 20 per cent less likely to die prematurely.

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. A pair is seeking a secluded retreat where they can indulge in exquisite dining experiences.
B. Your acquaintance, a qualified sailing instructor, desires employment in a location with
convenient access to maritime activities.
C. You require a venue equipped with cutting-edge facilities to host large-scale corporate
events.
D. Your friend, an experienced pastry chef, is searching for a position in a hotel that offers on-
site living accommodations.
E. You are pursuing a managerial role in a hotel that provides opportunities for professional
advancement.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

F. Your colleague seeks a tranquil setting suitable for conducting a leadership workshop.
G. You and your partner are seeking a cozy seaside hotel where you can enjoy water activities
together and relax in a tranquil environment.
H. You wish to spend your vacation in a destination that offers a mix of outdoor activities and
cultural experiences.
I. A friend is interested in overseeing the operations of a restaurant that offers a competitive
compensation package.
J. You are in search of a beachfront location where you and a small group of friends can
unwind.

7. Located along a serene coastline, this boutique hotel offers 15 elegantly designed rooms,
each with a private balcony overlooking the sea. The hotel features a quaint restaurant
serving fresh, local seafood and offers various water activities such as kayaking and
paddleboarding. Ideal for couples and small groups looking to unwind by the beach.

8. This charming inn is positioned just a short distance from a lively marina, providing guests
with the opportunity to partake in various water sports, including sailing lessons available at
the nearby harbor.

9. Set amidst the heart of natural surroundings, this lodge is an ideal escape for enthusiasts
of nature and outdoor adventures. Guests can explore hiking trails, enjoy bird watching, and
delve into the cultural heritage of a nearby site.

10. This contemporary venue is fully equipped to meet the demands of large corporate
gatherings, offering expansive conference rooms, dining facilities, and comprehensive
technical support. Its peaceful location with scenic surroundings makes it an excellent choice
for workshops and seminars.

11. Located at the heart of the city, The Grand Hotel offers luxurious accommodations paired
with all the necessary amenities for hosting significant corporate events. The hotel features
multiple banquet halls and conference spaces capable of accommodating events of various
scales.

12. A family-operated establishment located in a picturesque village, this inn is currently

seeking a committed chef to join its small yet skilled team. The role includes accommodation
and offers potential for career growth in a nurturing environment.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

13. Tucked away in a remote location, this 16th-century manor exudes a romantic ambiance,
featuring candlelit dinners with gourmet local cuisine and personalized service tailored for
couples.

14. This seaside hotel is in search of an experienced assistant manager to assist in overseeing
daily operations. The ideal candidate will have a background in hospitality management and a
drive to advance their career within the industry.

Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) A taste of everything
B) Shop till you drop
C) City's tourist attractions
D) Ancient traditions live on
E) Activities for the adventurous and hardy
F) On the crossroads of religions
G) For the body, mind and soul
H) From the high peaks to the deep seas

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI
Indonesia
I. Today Jakarta has much to offer, ranging from museums, art and antique markets, first
class shopping to accommodations and a wide variety of cultural activities. Jakarta's most
famous landmark, the National Monument or Monas is a 137m obelisk topped with a flame
sculpture coated with 35 kg of gold. Among other places one can mention the National
museum that holds an extensive collection of ethnographic artifacts and relics, the Maritime
Museum that exhibits Indonesia's seafaring traditions.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

II. Sumatra is a paradise for nature lovers, its national parks are the largest in the world,
home to a variety of monkeys, tigers and elephants. Facing the open sea, the western
coastline of Sumatra and the waters surrounding Nias Island have big waves that make them
one of the best surfer's beaches in Indonesia. There are beautiful coral reefs that are ideal for
diving. For those who prefer night dives, the waters of Riau Archipelago offer a rewarding
experience with marine scavengers of the dark waters.
III. Various establishments offer professional pampering service with floral baths, body
scrubs, aromatic oils, massages and meditation; rituals and treatments that use spices and
aromatic herbs to promote physical and mental wellness. Various spa hotels are extremely
popular. Indonesians believe that when treating the body you cure the mind.
IV. Jakarta has a distinctly cosmopolitan flavor. Tantalize your taste buds with a gastronomic
spree around the city's many eateries. Like French gourmet dining, exotic Asian cuisine,
American fast food, stylish cafes, restaurants all compete to find a way into your heart
through your stomach. The taste of Indonesia's many cultures can be found in almost any
corner of the city: hot and spicy food from West Sumatra, sweet tastes of Dental Java.
V. In the face of constant exposure to modernization and foreign influences, the native
people still faithfully cling to their culture and rituals. The pre-Hindu Bali Aga tribe still
maintains their own traditions of architecture, pagan religion, dance and music, such as
unique rituals of dances and gladiator-like battles between youths. On the island of Siberut
native tribes have retained their Neolithic hunter-gathering culture.
VI. Whether you are a serious spender or half hearted shopper, there is sure to be something
for everybody in Jakarta. Catering to diverse tastes and pockets, the wide variety of things you
can buy in Jakarta is mind boggling from the best of local handicrafts to haute couture labels.
Modern super and hyper markets, multi-level shopping centers, retail and specialty shops,
sell quality goods at a competitive price. Sidewalk bargains range from tropical blooms of
vivid colors and scents in attractive bouquets to luscious fruits.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

The Cacao
Most people today think of chocolate as something sweet to eat or drink that can be easily
found in stores around the world. It might surprise you that chocolate was once highly
treasured. The tasty secret of the cacao (Kah Kow) tree was discovered 2,000 years ago in the
tropical rainforests of the Americas. The story of how chocolate grew from a local
Mesoamerican beverage into a global sweet encompasses many cultures and continents.
Historians believe the Maya people of Central America first learned to farm cacao plants
around two thousand years ago. The Maya took cacao trees from the rainforests and grew
them in their gardens. They cooked cacao seeds, the crushed them into a soft paste. They
mixed the paste with water and flavorful spices to make an unsweetened chocolate drink.
The Maya poured the chocolate drink back and forth between two containers so that the
liquid would have a layer of bubbles or foam.
Cacao and chocolate were an important part of Maya culture. There are often images of
cacao plants on Maya buildings and art objects. Ruling families drank chocolate at special
ceremonies. And, even poorer members of society could enjoy the drink once in a while.
Historians believe that cacao seeds were also used in marriage ceremonies as a sign of the
union between a husband and a wife. The Aztec culture in current-day Mexico also prized
chocolate. But, cacao plants could not grow in the area where the Aztecs lived. So, they
traded to get cacao. They even used cacao seeds as a form of money to pay taxes. Chocolate
also played a special role in both Maya and Aztec royal and religious events. Priests presented
cacao seeds and offerings to the gods and served chocolate drinks during sacred ceremonies.
Only the very wealthy in Aztec societies could afford to drink chocolate because cacao was so
valuable.
The Aztec ruler Montezuma was believed to drink fifty cups of chocolate every day. Some
experts believe the word for chocolate came from the Aztec word “xocolatl” which in the
Nahuatl language means “bitter water.” Others believe the word “chocolate” was created by
combining Mayan and Nahuatl words. The explorer Christopher Columbus brought cacao
seeds to Spain after his trip to Central America in 1502. But it was the Spanish explorer
Hernando Cortes who understood that chocolate could be a valuable investment. In 1519,
Cortes arrived in current-day Mexico. He believed the chocolate drink would become popular
with Spaniards. After the Spanish soldiers defeated the Aztec empire, they were able to seize
the supplies of cacao and send them home.
Spain later began planting cacao in its colonies in the Americans in order to satisfy the large
demand for chocolate.
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The wealthy people of Spain first enjoyed a sweetened version of chocolate drink. Later, the
popularity of the drink spread throughout Europe. The English, Dutch and French began to
plant cacao trees in their own colonies. Chocolate remained a drink that only wealthy people
could afford to drink until the eighteenth century. During the period known as the Industrial
Revolution, new technologies helped make chocolate less costly to produce. Farmers grow
cacao trees in many countries in Africa, Central and South America. The trees grow in the
shady areas of the rainforests near the Earth’s equator. But these trees can be difficult to
grow. They require an exact amount of water, warmth, soil and protection. After about five
years, cacao trees start producing large fruits called pods, which grow near the trunk of the
tree. The seeds inside the pods are harvested to make chocolate. There are several kinds of
cacao trees. Most of the world’s chocolate is made from the seed of the forastero tree. But
farmers can also grow criollo or trinitario cacao plants.
Cacao trees grown on farms are much more easily threatened by diseases and insects than
wild trees. Growing cacao is very hard work for farmers. They sell their harvest on a futures
market. This means that economic conditions beyond their control can affect the amount of
money they will earn. Today, chocolate industry officials, activists, and scientists are working
with farmers. They are trying to make sure that cacao can be grown in a way that is fair to the
timers and safe for the environment. To become chocolate, cacao seeds go through a long
production process in a factory. Workers must sort, clean and cook the seeds.
Then they break off the covering of the seeds so that only the inside fruit, or nibs, remain.
Workers crush the nibs into a soft substance called chocolate liquor. This gets separated into
cocoa solids and fat called cocoa butter. Chocolate makers have their own special recipes in
which they combine chocolate liquor with exact amounts of sugar, milk and cocoa fat. They
finely crush this “crumb” mixture in order to make it smooth. The mixture then goes through
two more processes before it is shaped into a mold form.

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What role did chocolate originally play in Mesoamerican societies?

A) It was primarily used as a form of currency.
B) It was a ceremonial drink and a symbol of wealth.
C) It was consumed daily by all members of society.
D) It was used as a medicine for healing purposes.
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22. How did the spread of cacao cultivation and chocolate consumption expand beyond
Mesoamerica?
A) Through the establishment of trade routes with Asia.
B) Via European explorers who brought it back to Europe.
C) Through the migration of Mesoamerican people to Europe.
D) By the adoption of chocolate by African traders.
23. What contributed to the transformation of chocolate from a luxury item to a more widely
available product?
A) The discovery of new cacao varieties
B) The technological advancements during the Industrial Revolution
C) The decline of cacao production in Mesoamerica
D) The introduction of chocolate as a medicinal product
24. Which factor made cacao farming particularly challenging for farmers?
A) The high demand for cacao seeds
B) The environmental and economic risks involved
C) The lack of suitable soil in tropical regions
D) The limited market for cacao products

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. The Maya people were the first to create a sweetened chocolate drink that was enjoyed
daily by all social classes.
A) True B) False C) No Information
26. Cacao seeds were a central aspect of the economic system for both the Maya and the
Aztec civilizations.
A) True B) False C) No Information
27. Christopher Columbus recognized the immediate potential of cacao as a valuable export
commodity after his first encounter with it in the Americas.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. The spread of chocolate across Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries was initially limited
to royalty and the wealthy elite due to its cost.
A) True B) False C) No Information
29. The process of cacao farming and chocolate production has remained largely unchanged
since the time of the Aztecs and Maya, relying heavily on traditional methods.
A) True B) False C) No Information
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

Safety Measures for Roof Work

Roof work is inherently dangerous, involving activities at significant heights, often under
challenging conditions. To mitigate the risks associated with this type of work, it is essential to
implement comprehensive safety measures. These measures are designed to protect
workers from falls, equipment failures, and adverse weather conditions, ensuring a safer
working environment.
One of the foremost concerns in roof work is the risk of falls. Personal protective equipment
(PPE) is crucial in minimizing this risk. Workers must wear harnesses that are correctly fitted
and regularly inspected for wear and tear. Helmets are also essential, providing protection
against falling objects and reducing the risk of head injuries. Additionally, non-slip footwear is
mandatory to prevent slips on various roofing materials, especially when these materials are
wet or icy.
Structural safety measures are equally important. Safety nets and guardrails are two primary
methods of fall prevention. Safety nets, which should be installed below the working area,
can catch workers if they fall, preventing serious injuries. Guardrails provide a physical barrier
around the perimeter of the roof, preventing workers from accidentally stepping off the edge.
Both safety nets and guardrails must comply with rigorous regulatory standards and undergo
regular testing to ensure their effectiveness.
Access to the roof is another critical aspect of safety. Ladders and scaffolding are commonly
used to reach high areas. These tools must be placed on stable ground and inspected for
defects before use. Scaffolding should have proper bracing and be capable of supporting the
weight of both workers and materials. Ladders should extend at least three feet above the
roof edge, providing a secure handhold for workers as they transition from the ladder to the
roof and vice versa.
Weather conditions play a significant role in roof work safety. Adverse weather, such as high
winds, heavy rain, or icy conditions, can create hazardous working environments. It is crucial
to monitor weather forecasts and avoid roof work during such conditions. Scheduling work
during favorable weather can significantly reduce the risk of accidents.
Training and supervision are integral to maintaining safety standards. Workers must undergo
comprehensive training on safe work practices, the correct use of equipment, and emergency
procedures. Regular safety briefings and drills are necessary to keep safety protocols fresh in
workers' minds. Supervisors should oversee operations, ensuring adherence to safety
guidelines and addressing any potential hazards promptly.
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Certain roofing materials, such as asbestos, pose additional risks. Special handling and
disposal procedures are required to manage these materials safely. Workers must be trained
to recognize hazardous materials and use the appropriate protective gear when dealing with
them.
Effective communication is essential for coordinating roof work. Workers should use radios or
other communication devices to stay in constant contact, informing each other of potential
hazards and changes in the work environment. Clear communication can prevent
misunderstandings that could lead to accidents.
Proper planning and risk assessment are critical before beginning any roof work. A thorough
risk assessment should identify potential hazards and outline strategies to mitigate them.
This includes ensuring that all equipment is in good working condition, identifying safe access
points, and developing contingency plans for emergencies.

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

The predominant danger associated with roof work is the risk of (30) ________________________.
To safeguard workers, (31) _____________________________ nets are positioned beneath the
working area to arrest falls. Ladders must extend at least three feet beyond the roof edge to
provide a secure (32) _____________________________ during transitions.
It is vital to avoid roof work during unfavorable (33) ____________________________ conditions to
minimize the likelihood of accidents.

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. Which of the following best describes the importance of safety measures in roof work?
A) They primarily aim to reduce the cost of insurance for construction companies.
B) They are designed to enhance worker productivity by minimizing distractions.
C) They ensure the protection of workers from various hazards, including falls and adverse
weather conditions.
D) They are mainly focused on improving the aesthetic quality of construction sites.
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35. What is the broader significance of structural safety measures, such as guardrails and
safety nets, in roof work?
A) They are a regulatory requirement that increases the overall cost of projects.
B) They act as deterrents to unauthorized personnel accessing the work area.
C) They play a critical role in preventing accidents by providing physical barriers and fall
protection.
D) They primarily serve as temporary storage solutions for materials used in construction.

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 3: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

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Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Discovering new habitats

For centuries, humans have been fascinated by the mysteries of the oceans. Nowadays, we
are diving deeper and uncovering the secrets of the underwater world. Marine biologists are
the modern-day adventurers. Currently, many (1) ____________________________ are investigating
new marine species and habitats. But where do marine biologists start their search? First of
all, they look for coral reefs. That’s because (2) ____________________ are home to diverse marine
life. More importantly, they provide shelter and food for numerous species. So when marine
biologists have found the reef, they examine the organisms living there. In recent years, they
have discovered nearly 500 new marine species. Unfortunately, many of these
(3) _________________________ are endangered due to environmental changes.

However, if the habitat is thriving, marine biologists (4) ____________________________ for three
essential things: water quality, biodiversity, and symbiotic relationships. Water quality is
crucial because it affects all marine life. Species need clean (5) ___________________________ to
survive, and healthy water supports plant growth. And plants provide oxygen and food for
marine creatures. So a healthy marine ecosystem needs good water quality and diverse
species. (6) ____________________________ in a coral reef is also vital. That’s because healthy reefs
often have a balanced ecosystem with various symbiotic relationships.

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. You seek a subscription to a publication that explores a broad range of sports, featuring
interviews with leading athletes.
B. You are in search of a magazine dedicated solely to basketball, offering thorough analysis
and detailed player data.
C. You prefer a publication that delves into adventure sports and outdoor pursuits with in-
depth features.
D. You are interested in a magazine that thoroughly covers the newest developments in
fitness and diet.
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E. You want a publication that delivers in-depth football coverage, including real-time match
updates and strategic evaluations.
F. You are looking for a magazine that emphasizes women’s sports, highlighting female
athlete profiles.
G. You are interested in a magazine that critiques the newest sports equipment and apparel
across different sports.
H. You want a publication that offers expert guidance on training and preventing injuries
specifically for runners.
I. You are an enthusiast of winter sports and seek a magazine that encompasses activities
such as skiing and snowboarding.
J. You are keen on a magazine that explores the history and progression of various sports.

7. For those passionate about basketball, Basketball Digest delivers thorough breakdowns,
comprehensive player data, and extensive coverage of both NBA and global leagues.
8. Centered on fitness and well-being, Fit & Strong offers the latest developments in diet,
exercise programs, and mental wellness. Whether you’re just starting out or a seasoned
fitness enthusiast, this magazine has something valuable for you.
9. Women in Sports Today focuses on women in sports, showcasing profiles, interviews, and
coverage of global women’s sporting events.
10. Covers a wide range of winter sports, from skiing and snowboarding to ice hockey. Winter
Sports World also includes travel recommendations for top winter sports destinations.
11. Gear Up! evaluates the latest sports gear and clothing across multiple sports. Stay
updated on top-tier equipment.
12. Exclusively devoted to football, Footy Focus provides real-time match updates, strategic
evaluations, and exclusive conversations with managers and players. It’s the ultimate
resource for football aficionados.
13. Ideal for those who pursue the excitement of the outdoors, Adventure Sports Monthly
explores activities such as rock climbing, surfing, and mountain biking with detailed articles
and breathtaking photography.
14. This publication is a rich source for enthusiasts of various sports. Sports Spectrum
provides conversations with elite athletes, coverage of events, and perspectives on diverse
sporting areas.
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Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) Dessert for a party
B) Game played outdoors
C) Caring for a pet
D) Collecting items
E) Hosting a party
F) Party enthusiasts
G) Enjoyment during the journey
H) Party activity

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI
Organizing the Ideal Party
I. Seek approval from your parents before planning a party. Determine the type of event and
whether it will be inside or outside. Send out written invitations to your friends, specifying the
party’s theme, time, location, and if they need to dress up. Create a list of games you want to
play. Ask your mom to assist in preparing snacks. Ice cream, cake, cookies, and lemonade are
suitable for any occasion.
II. This activity is sure to get everyone laughing. Arrange the guests in a circle. Select
someone to act as a cat. The "cat" must approach different guests, trying to make them laugh
by meowing and mimicking cat-like movements. They continue until someone laughs, at
which point that person becomes the new "cat."
III. Making a cake from a mix bought at the store is simple. Usually, you only need to add
water or milk. Cake mixes are available in various flavors, such as chocolate, lemon, banana,
and vanilla. Follow the instructions on the package carefully to ensure your cake turns out
well and your guests enjoy it. Many mixes also include a small packet of powdered icing
hidden in the flour.
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IV. While riding a bus with friends, have someone start singing. Everyone should join in. At
the next intersection, another person begins a different song, and again, everyone joins in.
Continue switching songs at each crossroad.
V. Caring for cats is straightforward. They groom themselves daily and can eat almost
anything. Cats enjoy drinking milk and cream but need a diet of fish, beef, liver, and other
meats. They require a clean, dry place to sleep at night, which could be a basket or a
cardboard box. Cats also enjoy playing with a rubber ball or chasing a string.
VI. You can create a collection of toy soldiers made from tin, wood, or plastic. Some may be
dressed in elaborate uniforms, some riding horses, while others are prepared for battle with
guns and backpacks. You might collect soldiers from different countries, focus on Civil War
soldiers, or only modern ones. If you end up with duplicate soldiers, you can trade them with
another collector.

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

Deadly humid heatwaves

Life-threatening periods of high heat and humidity will spread rapidly across the world with
only a small increase in global temperatures, a study has found, which could cause a sharp
acceleration in the number of deaths resulting from the climate crisis. The extremes, which
can be fatal to healthy people within six hours, could affect hundreds of millions of people
unused to such conditions. As a result, heat deaths could rise quickly unless serious efforts to
prepare populations were undertaken urgently, the researcher said. Normally, the human
body cools itself by producing sweat, which evaporates and takes heat away. But when
humidity is high, evaporation is reduced. The study used a limit based on experiments on
people showing that when combined heat and humidity, as measured by so-called wet bulb
temperature, passes 31.5C, the body is no longer able to cool itself.
The researchers called this threshold “non-compensable heat stress”, as sweating cannot
compensate for the extreme conditions. Without cooling aids, such as cold water, fans or air
conditioning, death is likely within hours. The research analysed data from thousands of
weather stations across the world to show that 4% had already experienced at least one six-
hour period of this extreme heat stress since 1970, with the frequency of such events
doubling by 2020. However, these have been confined to date to hot places, including the
Gulf in the Middle East, the Red Sea and the North Indian Plain, where people expect extreme
heat. The analysis, which also used climate models, shows that extreme heat stress will
spread rapidly to other regions with global heating of only 2C. The climate crisis has already
raised global temperatures by about 1.2C. At 2C, more than 25% of the weather stations
would suffer the extreme heat stress once a decade on average.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

The east coast and midwest regions of the US and central Europe, including Germany, are
among places that would experience the arrival of unprecedented heat stress conditions. In
places that are already hot, like Arizona, Texas and parts of California, periods of extreme
heat stress would become annual events at 2C. The researcher said that the absence of mass
deaths in places already exposed to the extreme heat stress showed cooling measures could
be effective in preventing deaths. But they said the rapid arrival of these conditions in places
where people had not historically had the need for cool buildings or air conditioning, and
were therefore unprepared, was worrying. “Everything is OK until it’s not and there are limits
to what the human body can tolerate when it comes to heat,” he said. “Things will keep on
chugging along hunky dory until we pass those limits and then very abruptly, they will not be
OK. Suddenly, you’ll see an acceleration in mortality. “What I worry about is that our bodies
and our society will prove more fragile to small changes than we think,” Powis said. “This is
just another [study] saying we need to start reducing emissions – but that’s what we need to
do.”
Dr Colin Raymond, at the University of California, Los Angeles, who was not part of the study
team, said: “Many areas are only slightly below the non-compensable heat level now, so as
the planet continues to warm, the total increase in exposure will be exponential.
“We know the broad contours of what’s ahead, but not every last wiggle,” he said. “But the
seriousness of the extreme-heat hazard means it is incredibly important to not be caught
unprepared, and to treat heatwaves near or above the non-compensable limit like other life-
threatening disasters. For the most severe events likely in the coming decades, lives will
depend on the availability of artificial cooling.” Previous research on extreme heat and
humidity used the maximum theoretical limit of the human body, a wet bulb temperature of
35C, at which even cooling aids cannot take heat from the body. These studies have shown
the high vulnerability of people in the Gulf, India and China to extreme temperature and
humidity conditions. Around the world, scientists have estimated that the climate crisis has
already caused millions of premature deaths in the last three decades. The study, published
in the journal Science Advances, used the detailed data from weather stations and the
broader data produced by climate modelling and found “very good agreement”, said Powis,
giving confidence in the results. The researchers concluded: “The geographic range and
frequency of non-compensable heat extremes will increase rapidly, given only moderate
continued increase in global average temperatures. This implies that, in the near future, a
substantial portion of the world’s population will be exposed to these non-compensable
environmental conditions.”
They said there was “a real risk” of widespread exposure with “hundreds of millions of
people” affected before they were sufficiently heat-adapted to avoid attendant increases in
deaths and illness.
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The scientists were unable to assess Europe and Japan using climate models in this study due
to known difficulties in representing high levels of heat in Europe and humidity in Japan.
Powis said that even if adaptation measures to protect health were put in place, extreme heat
stress would still prevent many people from working or going outside. “Even in cases where
it’s not lethal, the impacts on quality of life are going to be dramatic.”

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What primary factor makes extreme heat stress particularly dangerous, according to the
passage?
A) Lack of access to clean water
B) The combination of high heat and humidity
C) Extended exposure to direct sunlight
D) Poor ventilation in living spaces
22. What is the main concern regarding populations unaccustomed to high heat stress
conditions?
A) They lack the infrastructure to build heat-resistant homes.
B) They may not have adequate cooling measures in place.
C) They are less likely to suffer from heat-related illnesses.
D) They will benefit from increased global temperatures.
23. What regions are expected to experience unprecedented levels of heat stress with a
moderate increase in global temperatures?
A) Coastal regions of South America and Africa
B) Midwestern United States and central Europe
C) Northern regions of Canada and Russia
D) The Australian outback and Southeast Asia
24. What does the study suggest about the future frequency of extreme heat events as global
temperatures rise?
A) They will decrease due to improved climate control technologies.
B) They will become a common occurrence in new regions.
C) They will remain confined to currently affected areas.
D) They will only affect rural and underdeveloped regions.
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For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. Regions that have already experienced extreme heat stress are likely to see a decrease in
such events due to global cooling efforts.
A) True B) False C) No Information
26. Cooling aids, such as air conditioning, have proven to completely eliminate the risk of
death in extreme heat stress conditions.
A) True B) False C) No Information
27. The rapid onset of extreme heat stress in unprepared regions could lead to a significant
increase in mortality rates.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. The study indicates that future heat stress events will be manageable without significant
changes in current practices.
A) True B) False C) No Information
29. The study predicts that the impact of extreme heat stress will be mitigated by natural
adaptation of the human body over time.
A) True B) False C) No Information

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

The Vital Role and Challenges of Bees

Bees are integral to our ecosystems and agriculture, playing a crucial role in pollination.
These industrious insects contribute significantly to the production of fruits, vegetables, and
nuts, and their decline poses a serious threat to global food security. Understanding the
importance of bees, their behavior, and the challenges they face is essential for developing
strategies to protect them and ensure the sustainability of our food systems.
Bees are best known for their role in pollination, the process by which they transfer pollen
from the male parts of a flower to the female parts, enabling fertilization and the production
of seeds. This process is vital for the reproduction of many plants, including those that
produce a significant portion of the food we consume. It is estimated that bees contribute to
the pollination of about one-third of the food we eat, including crops such as apples,
almonds, blueberries, and cucumbers.
There are over 20,000 species of bees, but the most well-known and widely managed is the
honeybee (Apis mellifera). Honeybees live in highly organized colonies consisting of a single
queen, thousands of worker bees, and a few hundred drones.
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Each bee has a specific role within the colony: the queen lays eggs, worker bees forage for
food, care for the young, and maintain the hive, while drones mate with the queen.
Honeybees are also known for producing honey, a valuable natural sweetener and food
source. Honey is created by bees from the nectar they collect from flowers, which they then
store and dehydrate in the hive. This process not only provides the bees with a stable food
supply but also results in a product that humans have harvested and enjoyed for thousands
of years.
Despite their importance, bee populations are facing numerous threats. One of the most
significant challenges is habitat loss due to urbanization, agriculture, and deforestation. As
natural habitats are destroyed or fragmented, bees lose access to the diverse floral resources
they need for nutrition. Pesticides, particularly neonicotinoids, have also been linked to bee
declines. These chemicals can be toxic to bees, affecting their ability to forage, navigate, and
reproduce.
Another major threat to bee populations is disease and parasites. The Varroa destructor mite,
in particular, has devastated honeybee colonies worldwide. This parasitic mite attaches to
bees, weakening them and spreading harmful viruses. Other pathogens, such as Nosema
fungi and various bacterial infections, also pose significant risks to bee health.
Climate change is further exacerbating these challenges. Altered weather patterns and
temperature fluctuations can disrupt the synchrony between bees and the flowering plants
they depend on. For example, if plants bloom earlier or later than usual, bees may miss the
optimal foraging periods, leading to reduced food availability for the colony.
Conservation efforts are critical to protect bee populations and ensure the continued health
of our ecosystems and food systems. These efforts include creating and preserving habitats
that provide diverse floral resources, reducing the use of harmful pesticides, and promoting
sustainable agricultural practices. Supporting research into bee health and breeding
programs to develop disease-resistant bee strains can also help mitigate some of the threats
bees face.
Urban beekeeping has emerged as a popular way to support bee populations and raise
awareness about their importance. By establishing hives in urban areas, beekeepers can
provide bees with safe habitats and contribute to local biodiversity. Additionally, urban
gardens and green spaces can be designed to include a variety of bee-friendly plants, offering
foraging opportunities throughout the growing season.
Public education and engagement are essential components of bee conservation. By
understanding the vital role bees play in our ecosystems and the challenges they face,
individuals can make informed choices that support bee health. Simple actions, such as
planting bee-friendly flowers, reducing pesticide use, and supporting local beekeepers, can
make a significant difference.
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Bees are indispensable to our ecosystems and food production systems. The decline in bee
populations is a pressing issue that requires concerted efforts from individuals, communities,
and governments. By addressing the threats bees face and promoting conservation
strategies, we can help ensure the survival of these vital pollinators and the health of our
environment.

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

The essential role that bees play, which involves moving pollen and is key to the reproduction
of plants, is known as (30) ___________________________.
The (31) _________________________ destructor mite has caused significant harm to honeybee
populations worldwide. Urban beekeeping efforts aim to bolster bee populations and
increase public (32) ________________________ of their significance.
Bees produce (33) __________________________ by collecting nectar from flowers and then storing
it inside their hives.

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. What is a significant cause of the decline in bee populations?

A) Increased availability of food sources
B) Habitat destruction due to urban development
C) Higher bee reproduction rates
D) Reduced use of pesticides
35. How does climate change affect bee populations?
A) By reducing the number of flowering plants
B) By resulting in a rise in bee numbers
C) By altering temperatures that disrupt their foraging times
D) By eradicating all harmful parasites

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 4: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Earthquakes
Scientists say we need a new category for earthquakes. This is because tectonic activity is
causing more powerful quakes. The (1) ________________________ want to extend the current 1 to
10 scale used to measure earthquakes. A category 10 is currently the strongest. This is when
magnitudes reach 9.0 on the Richter scale. The scientists say a new category of 11 is needed
for magnitudes of over 9.5. They say that in the past decade, there have been several
(2) _______________________ that would be a category 11. Earthquakes can occur anywhere in the
world, but are most common along (3) ____________________________ plate boundaries.

A seismologist said the USA's Geological Survey would need to start researching intense
quakes to create the (4) ___________________________ 11. He wants more discussions, "about how
to better prepare for risk in a tectonically active world". He said human activities, such as
mining and reservoir-induced seismicity, are increasing the chances of stronger earthquakes.
This is causing more energy to be released, which makes earthquakes more powerful.
The (5) ________________________ thinks there will be more "mega-quakes" in the future. He said:
"These (6) ___________________________ keep getting stronger as tectonic activities increase."

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. You require a highly portable laptop that is lightweight and ideal for frequent travel.
B. You are in search of a high-performance laptop capable of handling intensive gaming and
multimedia applications.
C. You prioritize a laptop with exceptional battery longevity, suitable for prolonged use
without access to power sources.
D. You seek a cost-effective laptop that offers essential features, making it an excellent choice
for students on a budget.
E. You need a laptop with an expansive, high-definition display tailored for graphic design and
detailed visual work.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

F. You are looking for a robustly built laptop, engineered to withstand rigorous and
demanding usage.
G. You require a laptop that seamlessly integrates within the Apple ecosystem, enhancing
connectivity with other Apple devices.
H. You prefer a laptop equipped with sophisticated security features, designed for
professional and business environments.
I. You are interested in a versatile 2-in-1 laptop that also functions as a tablet for enhanced
flexibility.
J. You prioritize a laptop that is optimized for seamless video conferencing and virtual
meetings, ensuring superior online communication.

7. The FlexiPad Pro is a versatile 2-in-1 device that can function both as a laptop and a tablet.
With its detachable keyboard and touchscreen, it’s perfect for those who need flexibility in
their computing tasks.
8:. Built to last, the RuggedBook 14 is designed to withstand harsh conditions. Whether you’re
working outdoors or in a demanding environment, this laptop’s reinforced chassis and water-
resistant keyboard offer superior durability.
9. The MacBook Air M2 is perfect for those who are deeply integrated into the Apple
ecosystem. With seamless connectivity to other Apple devices, including iPhones and iPads,
this laptop offers a smooth and intuitive experience.
10. Equipped with a 17-inch 4K display, the DesignPro 17 is the ideal choice for graphic
designers and visual artists. Its high-resolution screen ensures that every detail is crystal
clear, and the powerful GPU accelerates rendering tasks.
11. For gamers and multimedia enthusiasts, the PowerPlay X15 delivers high-end
performance with its latest Intel i9 processor and NVIDIA RTX graphics card. It’s built to
handle demanding games and multimedia tasks with ease, offering a truly immersive
experience.
12. The StudyMate Pro is tailored for students who need a reliable yet affordable laptop. With
a balance of performance and price, it comes with the essential features for studying, such as
a comfortable keyboard, a clear display, and a long battery life.
13. SecurePro Business is tailored for professionals who prioritize security in an affordable
price. It features advanced encryption, fingerprint scanning, and secure boot options, making
it the ideal choice for business use where data protection is critical.
14. Weighing just under 2 pounds, the TravelMate Ultra is designed for those who are
constantly on the go. Its slim profile and lightweight build make it the perfect companion for
frequent travelers. With up to 10 hours of battery life, it ensures you stay powered
throughout the day.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) Musical performance
B) Captivating landscape
C) Ideal holidays
D) Girl's portrait
E) Family-friendly film
F) Thrilling hobby
G) Vibrant festival
H) Engaging book

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI
An Animated Adventure
I. This is a feature-length (ninety minutes) animated film that appeals to both adults and
children over six. The animation and colors are of exceptional quality, and the story is filled
with fun and excitement. The plot is fast-paced and full of unexpected twists. There’s
romance, action, comedy, music, and an abundance of fantastic songs and dances.
II. This is a richly detailed and expertly crafted portrait of one of history’s most intriguing
women. Readers will be engrossed for hours in this captivating novel filled with dramatic
twists and turns. From the dazzling era that bears her name comes the compelling story of
Elizabeth I – her tragic childhood, her rivalry with Mary, Queen of Scots, and her remarkable
reign.
III. The young woman is depicted wearing a “shepherdess” hat and a white dress reminiscent
of a classical chiton. The background landscape, typical of such paintings, suggests the
subject's connection to nature and the simple pleasures of life. The painter’s color palette –
sometimes as delicate as porcelain, other times muted like mother-of-pearl – is built upon
subtle plays of gray and green, light blue and pink.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

IV. In this artwork, the artist’s exceptional skill in capturing natural details is immediately
apparent, whether it’s the dry, sandy soil of the forest, the clear stream in the foreground, the
yellow bark and soft needles of the pines, or the impression of a bright, calm summer day.
The artist successfully creates an image that is recognizable to anyone familiar with a Russian
forest.
V. Enjoy yourself on the most vibrant and thrilling island in the Caribbean. Unwind under a
palm tree on the pristine white sandy beaches. Swim in the crystal-clear blue sea. Listen to
the bands playing Calypso music. For the more adventurous, go scuba diving in search of
sunken treasure on the seabed. Participate in the numerous cultural festivities we offer, such
as the sugar harvest festival.
VI. This event is regarded as the most significant attraction for visitors to the Isle of Man.
Although no specific date can be given, it typically takes place between July 5th and 15th. The
Pageant starts at approximately 8 p.m. First, there’s a portrayal of village life during Celtic
times. Then, suddenly, Viking longships appear, followed by scenes of war. Ultimately, the
Celts and Vikings unite, and the Manx nation is born. The Pageant is followed by a grand
torchlight procession and a fireworks display.

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

Bondi Beach
Bondi Beach, Australia’s most famous beach, is located in the suburb of Bondi, in the Local
Government Area of Waverley, seven kilometers from the centre of Sydney. “Bondi” or
“Boondi” is an Aboriginal word meaning water breaking over rocks or the sound of breaking
waves. The Australian Museum records that Bondi means a place where a flight of nullas took
place. There are Aboriginal Rock carving on the northern end of the beach at Ben Buckler and
south of Bondi Beach near McKenzies Beach on the coastal walk. The indigenous people of
the area at the time of European settlement have generally been welcomed to as the Sydney
people or the Eora (Eora means “the people”). One theory describes the Eora as a sub-group
of the Darug language group which occupied the Cumberland Plain west to the Blue
Mountains.
However, another theory suggests that they were a distinct language group of their own.
There is no clear evidence for the name or names of the particular band(s) of the Eora that
roamed what is now the Waverley area. A number of place names within Waverley, most
famously Bondi, have been based on words derived from Aboriginal languages of the Sydney
region. From the mid-1800s Bondi Beach was a favourite location for family outings and
picnics. The beginnings of the suburb go back to 1809, when the early road builder, William
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Roberts, received from Governor Bligh a grant of 81 hectares of what is now most of the
business and residential area of Bondi Beach. In 1851, Edward Smith Hall and Francis O’Brien
purchased 200 acres of the Bondi area that embraced almost the whole frontage of Bondi
Beach, and it was named the “The Bondi Estate.” Between 1855 and 1877 O’Brien purchased
Hall’s share of the land, renamed the land the “O’Brien Estate,” and made the beach and the
surrounding land available to the public as a picnic ground and amusement resort.
As the beach became increasingly popular, O’Brien threatened to stop public beach access.
However, the Municipal Council believed that the Government needed to intervene to make
the beach a public reserve. During the 1900s beach became associated with health, leisure
and democracy – a playground everyone could enjoy equally. Bondi Beach was a working-
class suburb throughout most of the twentieth century with migrant people from New
Zealand comprising the majority of the local population. The first tramway reached the beach
in 1884. Following this, tram became the first public transportation in Bondi. As an
alternative, this action changed the rule that only rich people can enjoy the beach. By the
1930s Bondi was drawing not only local visitors but also people from elsewhere in Australia
and overseas.
Advertising at the time referred to Bondi Beach as the “Playground of the Pacific”. There is a
growing trend that people prefer having to relax near seaside instead of living unhealthily in
cities. The increasing popularity of sea bathing during the late 1800s and early 1900s raised
concerns about public safety and how to prevent people from drowning. In response, the
world’s first formally documented surf lifesaving club, the Bondi Surf Bathers’ Life Saving
Club, was formed in 1907. This was powerfully reinforced by the dramatic events of “Black
Sunday” at Bondi in 1938. Some 35,000 people were on the beach and a large group of
lifesavers were about to start a surf race when three freak waves hit the beach, sweeping
hundreds of people out to sea. Lifesavers rescued 300 people. The largest mass rescue in the
history of surf bathing, it confirmed the place of the lifesaver in the national imagination.
Bondi Beach is the endpoint of the City to Surf Fun Run which is held each year in August.
Australian surf carnivals further instilled this image. A Royal Surf Carnival was held at Bondi
Beach for Queen Elizabeth II during her first visited in Australia in 1954. Since 1867, there
have been over fifty visits by a member of the British Royal Family to Australia. In addition to
many activities, the Bondi Beach Markets is open every Sunday. Many wealthy people spend
Christmas Day at the beach. However, the shortage of houses occurs when lots of people
crushed to the seaside.
Manly is the seashore town which solved this problem. However, people still choose Bondi as
the satisfied destination rather than Manly. Bondi Beach has a commercial area along
Campbell Parade and adjacent side streets, featuring many popular cafes, restaurants, and
hotels, with views of the contemporary beach. It is depicted as wholly modern and European.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

In the last decade, Bondi Beaches’ unique position has seen a dramatic rise in svelte houses
and apartments to take advantage of the views and scent of the sea. The valley running down
to the beach is the famous world over for its view of distinctive red-tiled roofs. Those
architectures are deeply influenced by British coastal town. Bondi Beach hosted the beach
volleyball competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics. A temporary 10,000-seat stadium, a
much smaller stadium, 2 warm-up courts, and 3 training courts were set up to host the
tournament. The Bondi Beach Volleyball Stadium was constructed for it and stood for just six
weeks. Campaigners oppose both the social and environmental consequences of the
development. The stadium will divide the beach in two and seriously restrict public access for
swimming, walking, and other forms of outdoor recreation. People protest for their human
rights of having a pure seaside and argue for health life in Bondi.

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What was a major concern that prompted the establishment of the world’s first surf
lifesaving club at Bondi Beach in 1907?
A) The growing popularity of beach volleyball
B) Worries about public safety and the need to prevent drownings
C) Escalating crime rates at the beach
D) Rivalries between local surf clubs
22. What was a consequence of the “Black Sunday” incident at Bondi Beach in 1938?
A) Implementation of stricter beach regulations
B) The largest mass rescue in the history of surf bathing
C) Prohibition of public access to Bondi Beach
D) Development of a new lifesaving method
23. How did the creation of the tramway in 1884 affect Bondi Beach?
A) It limited beach access to the wealthy
B) It introduced the first public transportation to Bondi Beach
C) It spurred the construction of luxury hotels along the beach
D) It restricted local residents' access to the beach
24. What was one of the major environmental issues linked to the temporary Bondi Beach
Volleyball Stadium during the 2000 Summer Olympics?
A) Irreversible damage to the beach's natural environment
B) Limiting public access to the beach
C) Increased water pollution
D) Destruction of Aboriginal rock carvings
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. Aboriginal rock engravings are located at both the northern tip of Bondi Beach and in the
vicinity of McKenzies Beach.
A) True B) False C) No Information
26. The Eora were the exclusive Aboriginal group historically known to have resided in the
region currently identified as Waverley.
A) True B) False C) No Information
27. The formation of the Bondi Surf Bathers’ Life Saving Club was directly prompted by a
particular drowning incident.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. In the early 20th century, Bondi Beach was chiefly frequented by the wealthy upper
echelons of society.
A) True B) False C) No Information
29. The Queen of England has paid multiple visits to Bondi Beach.
A) True B) False C) No Information

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

Snowboarding While Visually Impaired

During a trip in 2001, I experienced snowboarding for the first time, but certainly not the last.
Rhona and I ventured to the Cardona ski resort, situated a couple of hours away from
Queenstown, New Zealand. We had been residing in Queenstown for a few weeks and had
explored several of the local ski resorts. However, these places were so crowded that finding
accommodation was nearly impossible. The real issue for me was that with so many people
around, my eyes kept re-focusing, leaving me virtually blind! Since I had never tried
snowboarding before, we recognized this would be problematic. A local ski rental shop
employee suggested we try Cardona instead.
Upon our arrival, I immediately approached the Ski Patrol and explained my situation. They
proposed that I wear a vest, which they provided, with the words 'BLIND SKIER' printed on the
front and back, over my jacket. They mentioned that this was mainly for the benefit of the
other skiers around me. I wasn’t particularly eager to wear the vest, but I decided to give it a
shot.
Once on the slopes, I donned the vest and began practicing my limited abilities. Given my
background in other board sports, such as skateboarding and surfing, I found the basics
relatively easy to grasp.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Feeling more comfortable, I headed for the ski lift and the larger slopes. While waiting in line,
I overheard people commenting on the 'poor blind guy.' This bothered me slightly, but I chose
to disregard it. At the top of the lift, I disembarked and secured my feet to the board.
As we set off, I could hear more remarks about the vest. I started feeling paranoid. However,
as I picked up speed and Rhona called out directions, I realized that people who saw the vest
were moving out of my way. This was fantastic! It was even more effective than a white cane
in a crowded area. We picked up speed, weaving left and right, hitting a few bumps, but
generally performing well. I even managed to control the snowboard—well, sort of. Before I
knew it, we had zipped down a long, straight slope and reached the end of the run. The
adrenaline rush was incredible, leaving me elated. I immediately hopped back on the ski lift
for another go. This time, I intended to tackle the run on my own!
Having memorized the slope from my first run, I felt confident. As I dismounted the lift, I
hurried to start. Again, I overheard people discussing me, but by now, it didn't matter. The
vest had proven to be a definite advantage for a novice snowboarder! I took the first part of
the run at a steady pace, easily navigating the first left turn. I was now anticipating the fast-
approaching right turn. Unfortunately, I missed it entirely and ended up entangled in the
safety netting at the edge of the slope.
At that moment, I realized I wasn’t the world’s best snowboarder and needed to slow down.
As the day went on, so did my skills. I had a fantastic time, even catching some air on several
occasions—though not intentionally! I became particularly cautious of the bend I had missed,
so I began turning earlier. However, this often resulted in me launching about 2 meters into
the air. What was even more surprising than being airborne was that on about half a dozen
occasions (out of roughly 30), I landed on my feet and continued downhill. The rest of the
time, I fell on my bottom. I overheard some people remark on how brave 'that blind guy' was.
Little did they know, it was more a lack of skill than bravery.

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

The author chose to visit the Cardona ski resort based on a suggestion from a local ski
(30) __________________________ shop. To inform other skiers of his condition, the author donned
a vest labeled '(31) _____________________________ SKIER.'
During his solo descent, the author missed a right turn and became caught in the
(32) _____________________________ netting. After successfully completing his initial run, the
author was filled with a surge of (33) _____________________________.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. What particular difficulty did the author encounter at the busy ski resorts near
Queenstown?
A) Challenges in securing ski equipment
B) Continuous eye refocusing caused by the crowd
C) Absence of beginner slopes
D) Unsatisfactory snow conditions
35. How did the author initially interpret the reactions of others to his 'BLIND SKIER' vest?
A) Supportive and encouraging
B) Dismissive and indifferent
C) Pitying and sympathetic
D) Irritated and impatient

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 6: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Food insecurity
A charity reported that more than a million children in the UK suffer from food insecurity.
This means they do not have enough (1) ______________________, or they eat low-quality food, or
they rely on food banks. Around 700,000 (2) _______________________ rely on food banks, and
440,000 children eat low-quality food. The charity said food insecurity is because people are
poorer. The cost of living has increased in the UK. Rising food prices and higher energy bills
mean poorer (3) __________________________ cannot afford basic necessities. For many families,
nutritious food is now a "luxury" item. Having no access to healthy food means children are
undernourished and cannot focus at school.

The (4) ___________________________ said food insecurity shows that many people in Britain are
struggling. It said food insecurity is an example of child poverty. Many parents face painful
challenges. They do not have enough money to buy the essentials to raise happy and healthy
children. The charity said: "(5) _______________________ in crisis are having to prioritise essentials
such as heating and electricity over things like buying (6) _____________________ food." It warned
that food insecurity is affecting children's physical health. It called on the government to take
"urgent action to address these deep-rooted issues".

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. You excel in transportation and are seeking a full-time job.

B. You are skilled with computers and are looking for an official role in a professional setting.
C. You lack experience but are eager to work as a customer service representative.
D. You want a job where you can positively influence people’s minds and lives.
E. You have extensive experience with computers and wish to work on visually appealing
projects.
F. You require a job that allows you to work remotely.
G. You seek a full-time position in a school environment.
H. You aspire to work as an event coordinator.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

I. You are looking for a role as an assistant manager in a company.

J. You need a job focused on sales within a single location.

7. We are on the lookout for a warm and energetic individual to join our expanding team! Our
local bakery takes pride in delivering outstanding customer service. Your responsibilities will
include taking orders, handling phone calls, and ensuring each customer enjoys a delightful
experience. No prior experience is required, but a love for good food and customer
interaction is key!
8. Are you a creative mastermind with a passion for social media? We need a skilled individual
to oversee our social media presence for a rapidly growing online fashion boutique. This
freelance role is ideal for someone looking for flexible hours and the convenience of working
from home. Experience in photo editing and a deep knowledge of various social media
platforms are essential.
9. We are seeking a reliable and experienced driver to join our team in delivering delicious
meals directly to our customers' doors. A clean driving record and a positive attitude are
essential. This is a full-time role offering competitive pay and benefits.
10. Are you passionate about helping people find their next great read? Join our lively
bookstore as a part-time sales associate, where you’ll assist customers in their book
selections, answer their questions, and help create a welcoming environment. A love of books
and customer service is a significant advantage!
11. Our fast-paced office is in need of a dependable and organized individual to manage
administrative tasks, answer phones, and support various projects. Strong communication
skills and proficiency with Microsoft Office are required. This is a full-time role offering
benefits and opportunities for growth.
12. Attention all creative professionals! We are a small business in search of a talented
graphic designer to craft visually captivating marketing materials. Proficiency in Adobe
Creative Suite is essential, and we require a portfolio that highlights your best work. This
freelance position offers flexible hours and the freedom to work remotely.
13. Are you enthusiastic about planning and executing unforgettable events? We’re seeking a
dynamic individual to organize and manage a variety of corporate events. Strong
communication and organizational skills are essential, along with a thorough understanding
of event logistics. This is a full-time position with plenty of opportunities for advancement.
14. We are in search of a compassionate and enthusiastic individual to assist in teaching
children in a fun and engaging setting. While prior experience working with children is
preferred, it is not mandatory. This part-time role offers flexible hours and the fulfilling
opportunity to positively impact young lives.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) The Impact of Rain on Daily Life
B) The Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting
C) Challenges of Predicting Rainfall
D) Rain’s Effect on Agriculture
E) Scientific Advances in Weather Forecasting
F) Rain-Related Accidents
G) Flood Prevention Measures
H) Personal Preferences for Rainy Weather

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI
Rain
I. When the rain begins to fall, daily routines are often disrupted. People rush to find shelter,
delaying their commute or errands. Streets become congested as drivers struggle with
reduced visibility, and public transport systems often experience delays. The constant need to
carry umbrellas and wear raincoats adds an extra layer of inconvenience. Even simple tasks
like grocery shopping or walking the dog become cumbersome, leading many to reschedule
or cancel plans altogether. The pervasive dampness also seeps into homes, creating a
lingering chill that’s hard to shake off.
II. As I stepped out of my car, a sudden downpour caught me off guard. I hurried to open my
umbrella, but the wind had other plans, flipping it inside out. In the chaos, I slipped on the
wet pavement, narrowly avoiding a fall. This incident reminded me of how quickly rain can
turn a simple task into a challenging ordeal.
III. Recent advancements in meteorology have made weather forecasts more accurate than
ever. Scientists are now using satellite data and sophisticated algorithms to predict rainfall
patterns with greater precision.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

These innovations are crucial for warning populations about potential floods and allowing
farmers to plan their planting schedules more effectively.
IV. As the rain began to pour, I noticed the driver ahead throwing a pile of litter out of their
car window. The rain quickly soaked the trash, making it stick to the road. "Why don’t people
think about their actions?" I wondered. "This will clog the drains and cause even more
flooding. Someone will have to clean it up, and it’s all because of one person’s carelessness."
V. Julia has always been fascinated by the concept of rainwater harvesting. After setting up
her own system, she now collects enough rainwater to irrigate her garden and wash her car.
She takes pride in being self-sufficient and environmentally conscious, often encouraging her
friends to consider similar systems. The initial investment was worth it for the long-term
savings and sustainability.
VI. Choosing the right raincoat was not easy. It never is when selecting something that needs
to be both functional and stylish. Durability and waterproofing were essential, but so was the
comfort of the fabric. After trying on several options, Mark finally found one that felt just
right, offering both protection from the rain and a look he could appreciate.

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

The Life of Sir Isaac Newton

Isaac Newton was born on January 4, 1643, in Lincolnshire, England. The son of a farmer, who
died three months before he was born, Newton spent most of his early years with his
maternal grandmother after his mother remarried. Following an education interrupted by a
failed attempt to turn him into a farmer, he attended the King’s School in Grantham before
enrolling at the University of Cambridge’s Trinity College in 1661, where he soon became
fascinated by the works of modern philosophers such as René Descartes. When the Great
Plague shut Cambridge off from the rest of England in 1665, Newton returned home and
began formulating his theories on calculus, light and color, his farm the setting for the
supposed falling apple that inspired his work on gravity.
Newton returned to Cambridge in 1667. He constructed the first reflecting telescope in 1668,
and the following year he received his Master of Arts degree and took over as Cambridge’s
Professor of Mathematics. In 1671 he was asked to give a demonstration of his telescope to
the Royal Society of London in 1671, the same year he was elected to the prestigious Society.
The following year, fascinated with the study of light, he published his notes on optics for his
peers. Through his experiments, Newton determined that white light was a composite of all
the colors on the spectrum, and he asserted that light was composed of particles instead of
waves. His methods were heavily criticized by established Society member Robert Hooke,
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

who was also unwilling to compromise again with Newton’s follow-up paper in 1675. Known
for his temperamental defense of his work, Newton engaged in heated correspondence with
Hooke before suffering a nervous breakdown and withdrawing from the public eye in 1678. In
the following years, he returned to his earlier studies on the forces governing gravity.
In 1684, English astronomer Edmund Halley paid a visit to the reclusive Newton. Upon
learning that Newton had mathematically worked out the elliptical paths of celestial bodies,
such as the movement of the planets around the sun, Halley urged him to organize his notes.
The result was the 1687 publication of “Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica”
(Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), which established the three laws of motion
and the law of universal gravity. Principia made Newton a star in intellectual circles,
eventually earning him widespread acclaim as one of the most important figures in modern
science. As a now influential figure, Newton opposed King James II’s attempts to reinstate
Catholic teachings at English Universities, and was elected to represent Cambridge in
Parliament in 1689. He moved to London permanently after being named warden of the
Royal Mint in 1696, earning a promotion to master of the Mint three years later. Determined
to prove his position wasn’t merely symbolic, Newton moved the pound sterling from the
silver to the gold standard and sought to punish forgers.
The death of Hooke in 1703 allowed Newton to take over as president of the Royal Society,
and the following year he published his second major work, “Opticks.” Composed largely from
his earlier notes on the subject, the book detailed Newton’s experiments with refraction and
the color spectrum, and also contained his conclusions on such matters as energy and
electricity. In 1705, he was knighted by Queen Anne of England. Around this time, the debate
over Newton’s claims to originating the field of calculus, the mathematical study of change,
exploded into a nasty dispute. Newton had developed his mathematical concept of ‘fluxions’
(differentials) in the mid-1660s to account for celestial orbits, though there was no public
record of his work. In the meantime, German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz formulated his
own theories and published them in 1684. As president of the Royal Society, Newton oversaw
an investigation that ruled his work to be the founding basis of the field, but the debate
continued even after Leibniz’s death in 1716. Researchers later concluded that both men
likely arrived at their conclusions independent of one another. Newton was also obsessed
with history and religious doctrines, and his writings on those subjects were collected into
multiple books that were published after his death. Having never married, Newton spent his
later years living with his niece at Cranbury Park, near Winchester, England.
He died on March 31, 1727, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. A giant even among the
brilliant minds that drove the Scientific Revolution, Newton is remembered as an
extraordinary scholar, inventor and writer. His theories about the movement of bodies in the
solar system transformed our understanding of the universe and his precise methodology
helped to give birth to what is known as the scientific method.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Although his theories of space-time and gravity were eventually superseded by those of
Einstein his work remains the foundation stone of modern physics was built.

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What event prompted Newton to return home and begin developing his theories on
calculus, light, and color?
A) The death of his father
B) The outbreak of the Great Plague
C) The onset of the English Civil War
D) The closure of King’s School in Grantham
22. How did Newton’s relationship with Robert Hooke influence his work?
A) Hooke’s close collaboration with Newton led to significant discoveries
B) Hooke’s criticisms contributed to Newton’s nervous breakdown
C) Hooke provided financial support for Newton’s research
D) Hooke assisted Newton in publishing his work on optics
23. What was one of Newton's key contributions during his tenure at the Royal Mint?
A) The introduction of paper currency
B) Shifting the pound sterling from a silver to a gold standard
C) Designing a new series of coins
D) Implementing anti-counterfeiting measures with modern technology
24. How did Newton react to King James II’s attempts to restore Catholic teachings at English
universities?
A) He supported the King’s initiatives
B) He remained neutral on the matter
C) He opposed the efforts and was elected to represent Cambridge in Parliament
D) He relocated to France to avoid the conflict

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. Newton earned his Master of Arts degree from Cambridge before inventing the first
reflecting telescope.
A) True B) False C) No Information
26. Newton's book "Opticks" was published following Robert Hooke’s death.
A) True B) False C) No Information
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

27. Newton and Leibniz engaged in a public dispute over the origins of calculus during
Newton’s tenure as President of the Royal Society.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. Newton was knighted by Queen Anne of England in recognition of his contributions to
mathematics.
A) True B) False C) No Information
29. Newton's theories on space-time and gravity remained unchallenged and were never
superseded.
A) True B) False C) No Information

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

The History of Music

The history of music is as old as humanity itself. From primitive beats created by early
humans to the sophisticated compositions of the modern era, music has evolved significantly
over the millennia. The development of music can be divided into several distinct periods,
each characterized by its own unique styles and innovations.
The earliest known music dates back to prehistoric times. Archaeological evidence suggests
that early humans used simple instruments like flutes made from animal bones and drums
crafted from hollow logs. These early forms of music were likely used in rituals and
communal activities, serving as a means of communication and social bonding.
The ancient period saw the emergence of more complex musical traditions. In Mesopotamia,
Egypt, and Greece, music played a central role in religious ceremonies, public festivals, and
private entertainment. The Greeks, in particular, made significant contributions to the theory
of music, with philosophers like Pythagoras exploring the mathematical foundations of
harmony and melody. Instruments such as the lyre, harp, and aulos were widely used in
ancient music.
The medieval period, spanning roughly from the 5th to the 15th century, marked a significant
evolution in Western music. Gregorian chant, a form of plainchant used in the Roman
Catholic Church, became the dominant musical form. This period also saw the development
of musical notation, which allowed composers to write down their works for the first time.
The invention of musical notation was crucial for the preservation and dissemination of
music.
The Renaissance period (1400-1600) brought about a renewed interest in the arts and
learning, and music was no exception. Composers began to experiment with more complex
harmonies and polyphony, where multiple independent melodies are played simultaneously.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

This era produced some of the first great masters of Western music, such as Josquin des Prez
and Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina.
The Baroque period (1600-1750) is known for its ornate and expressive music. Composers
like Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, and Antonio Vivaldi created works that
remain central to the classical repertoire today. The invention of new forms, such as the
concerto, sonata, and opera, marked this period. Baroque music is characterized by its use of
contrast, elaborate ornamentation, and the development of the basso continuo, a continuous
bass line that provided harmonic support.
The Classical period (1750-1820) saw the emergence of a clearer, more structured musical
style. Composers like Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, and Franz Joseph
Haydn emphasized form and balance in their works. This era is known for the development of
the symphony, string quartet, and piano sonata. The classical style laid the groundwork for
the expressive intensity of the Romantic period that followed.
The Romantic period (1820-1900) was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and
individualism. Composers such as Franz Schubert, Frederic Chopin, and Richard Wagner
pushed the boundaries of musical expression. They experimented with new forms, expanded
the orchestra, and explored themes of nature, love, and the supernatural. The music of this
era is known for its dramatic contrasts, lyrical melodies, and rich harmonies.
The 20th century brought about an explosion of musical diversity. The advent of recording
technology and global communication allowed for the cross-pollination of musical styles from
around the world. Jazz, blues, rock, and electronic music emerged, each with its own distinct
influences and innovations. Composers like Igor Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, and John
Cage challenged traditional notions of melody, harmony, and rhythm, leading to the
development of avant-garde and experimental music.
Today, music continues to evolve, reflecting the complexities of contemporary life. From the
global popularity of pop and hip-hop to the resurgence of interest in classical and traditional
music, the history of music is a testament to humanity's endless creativity and capacity for
emotional expression.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

Primitive humans crafted basic instruments, like flutes made from animal (30) ________________
and drums fashioned from hollowed-out logs.
Ancient Greek philosophers, including Pythagoras, delved into the mathematical principles
underlying musical (31) ____________________________.
During the Renaissance, composers began experimenting with complex (32) ________________,
weaving together multiple independent melodies.
(33) ______________________ music is characterized by its use of intricate ornamentation and the
emergence of new musical forms such as the concerto and sonata.

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. Which of the following best represents a key feature of the Baroque period in music?
A) The simplification of musical forms and the reduction of ornamentation.
B) The rise of emotional restraint and structured compositions.
C) The introduction of highly decorative and expressive styles, along with the creation of new
musical forms.
D) The focus on preserving ancient musical traditions without significant innovation.
35. What significant change in music occurred during the 20th century?
A) A return to the musical traditions of ancient civilizations.
B) The development of entirely new genres influenced by technological advancements and
cultural exchanges.
C) A strict adherence to classical forms and rejection of experimentation.
D) The exclusion of non-Western musical influences from mainstream compositions.

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 7: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Sleeping temperature
The key for children to sleep well could be how dark or quiet their bedroom is. Researchers
say the best way to sleep well is for the (1) ______________________ to be dark and quiet at night.
The (2) ______________________ are from Stanford University and a pediatric sleep institute. They
asked 100 children aged 5 to 12 to wear a sleep monitor for six months. The children's quality
of sleep worsened when their room was noisy or had light. Researchers say complete
darkness and silence are the best conditions. They said: "Sleep tends to come easier and is
often deeper in a quiet, (3) _________________________ environment."

The research is full of information. Light and noise could affect (4) __________________________ as
much as having a late bedtime or consuming caffeine. The researchers found a 10-15 per
cent drop in sleep quality when there was (5) ____________________________ or noise in the room.
Poor sleep can lead to health issues, like difficulty concentrating, mood swings, and
irritability. Other problems include an increased risk of developing anxiety and learning
difficulties. The researchers said people should create "a more comfortable home
environment" to sleep well. They also said urban living could affect sleep (6) __________________.

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. You are in search of a tranquil, isolated beach where you can fully relax and disconnect
from daily life.
B. You’re looking for a beach that caters to families, with secure swimming areas and plenty
of activities for children.
C. You need a beach that’s a hotspot for surfers, known for its outstanding wave conditions.
D. You’re interested in a beach that offers thrilling water sports like jet skiing and parasailing.
E. You want to visit a beach renowned for its energetic nightlife and vibrant beach parties.
F. You’re seeking a beach that’s conveniently situated near scenic hiking trails and nature
reserves.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

G. You require a beach that is fully equipped with facilities accessible to those with
disabilities.
H. You’re aiming to find a beach perfect for snorkeling and exploring diverse marine
ecosystems.
I. You are interested in a beach with close proximity to historical landmarks or sites of cultural
significance.
J. You’re searching for a beach that boasts a variety of dining options with numerous
restaurants and cafes along the shoreline.

7. Adventure Cove is a haven for those craving excitement. This beach features an array of
water sports, including jet skiing, parasailing, and windsurfing. With equipment readily
available for rent on-site, you can easily spend an exhilarating day engaging in aquatic
adventures.
8. Coral Reef Bay is a dream destination for snorkelers and divers. The beach boasts vibrant
coral reefs teeming with diverse marine life, making it an ideal spot for underwater
exploration. Whether you’re a novice or a seasoned diver, there’s an abundance to uncover
beneath the surface.
9. Harbor View Beach offers stunning vistas of historic landmarks and is equipped with
accessible facilities, making it welcoming for all visitors, including those with disabilities. The
beach is conveniently located near a quaint town with a variety of restaurants, cafes, and
shops, ensuring plenty of options for dining and entertainment.
10. Sunshine Bay is the ultimate family-friendly beach, featuring shallow waters and
lifeguards on duty for added safety. The beach offers numerous activities for children,
including a playground and a splash pad. It’s an ideal spot for families to spend the day, with
ample picnic areas and facilities.
11. Situated near lush forests and natural reserves, Nature’s Edge Beach is perfect for beach
lovers who also appreciate the great outdoors. After enjoying the sun and sea, you can
explore the nearby hiking trails and immerse yourself in the beauty of nature.
12. Moonlight Beach is famous for its lively atmosphere, especially after dark when it comes
alive with beach parties, live music, and a vibrant nightlife. The beach is lined with bars and
clubs, making it a hotspot for those looking to dance the night away under the stars.
13. Renowned for its powerful waves, Wave Rider Beach is a premier destination for surfers
worldwide. The beach is home to several surf schools and rental shops, making it an ideal
spot for both beginners and seasoned surfers eager to catch the next big wave.
14. If tranquility is what you seek, Solitude Beach offers the perfect retreat. Secluded from the
bustling crowds, this beach provides a serene environment with crystal-clear waters and soft,
sandy shores. It’s the ideal place to unwind, read a book, or simply listen to the soothing
sound of the waves.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) Just in Time
B) Just in Case
C) An Eventful Life
D) A Curious Case
E) Lowered Expectations
F) A Royal Brother
G) A Royal Ancestor
H) Double Trouble

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI

From Miracles to Mysteries

I. I am the mother of identical, mirror-image twins — David and John. I’m the only one who
can distinguish between them. Their closeness never ceases to amaze me. Once, when David
was sick as a baby, it was John who began crying uncontrollably. I tried to comfort John first,
as he appeared to be fine, but his cries only intensified. Finally, I administered medicine to
David, who was truly unwell. The moment John sensed his brother's improvement, he
instantly calmed down and went to sleep.
II. A 12-year-old boy was playing near the Platte River in North Bend, Nebraska. The river was
swollen, and when he stepped into the water, the current swept his legs out from under him.
He was carried away, spinning in the strong current. Just before he was pulled into the rapids,
his cries for help were heard by his dog. The dog jumped in, reached the boy, and pulled him
to safety. A moment later, the boy would have been carried off to certain death.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

III. Armgaard Karl Graves, known in the press as 'the Glasgow Spy', was convicted under the
Official Secrets Act (1911) for espionage against the British Navy. He spent years carefully
crafting an identity as an Australian doctor, even conducting significant clinical experiments in
Scotland. However, he was eventually caught by a suspicious post office worker, who noticed
that he was sending and receiving mail under multiple aliases.
IV. Zsa Zsa Gabor was born in Budapest on February 6th, 1917. Now in her 90s, she has led a
long and varied life. She began as a beauty queen and singer before becoming a well-known
film actress. She married eight times but had only one child, with her second husband,
Conrad Hilton. Her final marriage to Frederic von Anhalt bestowed upon her the honorary
title of Prinzessin von Anhalt.
V. "Who Do You Think You Are?" is one of my favorite television shows. Each episode delves
into the family history of a celebrity, tracing their lineage back through the ages. The UK has
excellent records of births, marriages, and deaths spanning hundreds of years. One of the
most fascinating episodes featured Boris Johnson, the Mayor of London. He was thrilled to
learn that he was directly descended from King George II.
VI. Paris Hilton is a well-known socialite, media personality, actress, model, and singer. In
2007, her grandfather Barron Hilton pledged 97% of his estate—worth over 2 billion US
dollars—to a charitable foundation. Many now believe that Paris and her other relatives stand
to inherit significantly less than anticipated. However, some speculate that this news is
unlikely to impact her lifestyle.

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

Food is a tool for change

In a limestone house in Mardin, south-east Turkey, chef Ebru Baybara Demir is busy at her
kitchen table. She organises the evening menu for her restaurant, Cercis Murat Konaği, while
sampling fresh quince to be used in a dessert, fielding calls about the opening of a second
restaurant, and spooning out sujuk, a fatty fermented sausage, from a copper pot for friends
she has invited for breakfast. On the balcony, a group of women – the talk shifting between
Turkish, Arabic and Kurdish – boil a tub of quince jam. “When people ask what I do, I say I’m a
chef,” says Demir, “But my job is so much more than just cooking.” As well as running her
restaurant, she sources and revives heirloom grains – including sorgül, a drought-resistant
indigenous wheat, which is made into flour at the nonprofit co-op she founded in 2018. She
also prepares south-eastern Turkish fare for events at the parliament and at Turkish
embassies abroad. On top of this, Demir oversees humanitarian initiatives, building ties
between locals and Syrian refugees, a community displaced by a war just across the border,
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

20 miles away, who now form approximately a tenth of Mardin’s population. Her work
reflects the diversity of the city in which she was born. A settlement since Babylonian times,
Mardin was a trading centre on the Silk Road, hosting a variety of ethnicities and religions.
“People often refer to Mardin as a mosaic, but I don’t agree,” she says. “Actually, Mardin is like
ebru,” the art of mixing and sprinkling paint over water to form something completely new.
The city’s cuisine is distinct from other parts of the country, built as it is on a blend of
civilisations and cultures. Mardini cuisine uses a liberal amount of spices, from sour sumac to
sweet fenugreek, serves fruit in its meat-dishes, and adopts traditions from various religions.
She pushes forward a tray of kiliçe, a cardamon-infused cookie that Syriac Christians
traditionally prepare for Easter. Also on the menu at Cercis Murat Konaği are starters
flavoured with mahlep (a spice made from cherry pits), kaburga dolmasi (stuffed lamb ribs
with almonds and pepper paste), and incasiye (lamb and plum stew with grape molasses).
After studying tourism in Istanbul, Demir returned to Mardin in 1999 with the aim of
attracting tourists to the hilltop city with its rich history. Her father begged her not to come
back, concerned that Mardin’s patriarchal culture would be disastrous for a young woman
trying to start a business. Security was another concern in this area near both the Syrian and
Iraq borders which had suffered from ongoing fighting between the Turkish military and the
Kurdistan Workers’ party, a separatist group. The city received fewer than 10,000 visitors that
year, Demir says, and most were truckers travelling to and from the borderlands. Demir’s
cooking career started by chance. A German tour group refused to return to Mardin’s sole
restaurant after a disappointing meal there, so Demir’s aunt told her to bring the tourists to
her home instead. The ensuing feast and conversation with Demir’s relatives were so good
that the group abandoned the rest of the day’s plans. Demir was so energised by the
connections made at that meal that she convinced 21 unemployed women in Mardin to open
their homes for other tour groups, assuring them that they would be paid for their work. Two
years later, inspired by the popularity of the communal dining, Demir moved the cooking
from houses into an empty 19th-century mansion, known as Cercis Murat Konaği, along the
city’s main street. The restaurant was an instant hit with visitors but less welcomed by the
male-only teahouse opposite. A young divorcee, working solely with women (with distrustful
husbands), serving food and alcohol to foreigners, was viewed with suspicion. “It was a very
dangerous situation,” Demir recalls, laughing. Yet the restaurant was bringing money into an
area with the highest unemployment rate in Turkey. One evening, an elderly man walked over
from the teahouse. “He said: ‘I have been watching you … I have a home like this too. What
can I do with my home? Should I turn it into a restaurant or a hotel? What do you
recommend?’” It was a turning point. The man and other locals followed suit, opening
restaurants, hotels and shops, and attracting people from Turkey and beyond to enjoy the
tastes of Mesopotamia.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Tourism grew from a few thousand visitors a year to a few million today. With the commercial
success of her restaurant, Demir turned to social gastronomy. The war in Syria led to an influx
of refugees and instability in Mardin. Two years later, she opened an agricultural
development co-op that employs locals and refugees in food production, including
mushroom cultivation, beekeeping and growing sorgül. The co-op started to sell soap after
noticing that a preference for animal fat in cooking led to an excess of olive oil. This created
an opportunity for Syrians, with a tradition in soap-making, to lead the co-op’s olive-oil soap
production.

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What is a distinctive feature of Mardin's cuisine?

A) It primarily uses dairy and seafood.
B) It includes a variety of spices and fruit in its dishes.
C) It focuses on plant-based and vegetarian meals.
D) It is heavily influenced by neighboring Mediterranean cuisine.
22. What challenge did Demir face when she returned to Mardin?
A) Opposition from local cultural norms
B) Lack of financial resources
C) Difficulty in obtaining permits for her restaurant
D) Competition with established chefs in the region
23. How did Demir's involvement in the culinary field in Mardin begin?
A) By studying and applying modern cooking techniques
B) By serving a meal to tourists dissatisfied with local offerings
C) By collaborating with local farmers on agricultural projects
D) By launching a food delivery service
24. What effect did Demir's restaurant have on Mardin's community and economy?
A) It contributed to the growth of local businesses and tourism.
B) It led to increased competition among local chefs.
C) It caused a decline in traditional cooking practices.
D) It remained relatively unknown outside the local area.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. Demir's restaurant, Cercis Murat Konaği, is located in Istanbul.

A) True B) False C) No Information
26. The cuisine of Mardin reflects the city's diverse cultural and historical influences.
A) True B) False C) No Information
27. Demir faced initial resistance from male-dominated businesses when she opened her
restaurant.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. Demir exclusively employs Syrian refugees at her agricultural co-op.
A) True B) False C) No Information
29. Demir's work with the co-op includes initiatives in soap-making.
A) True B) False C) No Information

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

The Process of Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that takes place in the chloroplasts of
plant cells, allowing plants to convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in
glucose. This process not only fuels plant growth but also produces oxygen, which is essential
for most life forms on Earth. Photosynthesis is vital for the survival of plants and for the
maintenance of life on our planet, providing the primary source of energy for nearly all
ecosystems.
Photosynthesis occurs in two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.
The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts.
These reactions require sunlight, which is absorbed by chlorophyll, the green pigment in
plants. When chlorophyll absorbs light energy, it excites electrons, which are then transferred
through a series of proteins known as the electron transport chain. This process generates
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate),
which are energy carriers used in the next stage of photosynthesis. Additionally, water
molecules are split, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.
The Calvin cycle, also known as the light-independent reactions or the dark reactions, occurs
in the stroma of the chloroplasts. This cycle does not require direct sunlight but uses the ATP
and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) from
the atmosphere into glucose.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

The Calvin cycle involves three main phases: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of
ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). During carbon fixation, CO2 is attached to a five-carbon sugar
called RuBP, resulting in a six-carbon compound that immediately splits into two molecules of
3-phosphoglycerate. In the reduction phase, ATP and NADPH are used to convert these
molecules into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), a three-carbon sugar. Some G3P
molecules are then used to produce glucose and other carbohydrates, while the rest are used
in the regeneration phase to regenerate RuBP, allowing the cycle to continue.
Photosynthesis is influenced by several environmental factors, including light intensity,
carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature. Optimal light intensity ensures that
chlorophyll absorbs sufficient energy to drive the light-dependent reactions. Similarly, an
adequate supply of carbon dioxide is necessary for the Calvin cycle to produce glucose.
Temperature also affects the enzymes involved in photosynthesis, with extreme
temperatures potentially inhibiting the process. For instance, high temperatures can cause
enzyme denaturation, while low temperatures can slow down enzyme activity.
The significance of photosynthesis extends beyond the plant kingdom. It is the foundation of
the food chain, providing energy for herbivores, which in turn are prey for carnivores.
Additionally, photosynthesis is responsible for the oxygenation of the Earth's atmosphere,
making it possible for aerobic organisms, including humans, to survive.
In recent years, scientists have been exploring ways to enhance photosynthesis to increase
crop yields and address global food security challenges. Genetic engineering and selective
breeding are among the techniques being investigated to develop plants that can
photosynthesize more efficiently under various environmental conditions. For example,
researchers are working on developing crops that can perform photosynthesis more
efficiently under low light or high-temperature conditions.
Furthermore, understanding photosynthesis at a deeper level has implications for renewable
energy. Artificial photosynthesis is an area of research that aims to mimic the natural process
to produce clean energy. By using sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into fuels,
such technologies could provide a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels and help mitigate
climate change.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

The pigment that captures light energy in plants is termed (30) _________________________. The
Calvin cycle, also known as the (31) ________________________ reactions, operates without
requiring direct sunlight. During the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle, ATP and NADPH are
responsible for converting molecules into (32) __________________________. The enzymes that
facilitate photosynthesis can be hindered by extreme (33) _______________________________.

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in the light-dependent
reactions?
A) To synthesize glucose
B) To energize electrons
C) To produce ATP and NADPH
D) To incorporate carbon dioxide
35. In what way does photosynthesis impact Earth's oxygen levels?
A) By converting carbon dioxide into oxygen
B) By generating glucose
C) By providing energy for herbivores
D) By utilizing chlorophyll

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 8: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Cycling
Many people track how much time they spend cycling every week. Researchers suggest that
150 minutes of (1) _______________________ a week is enough for us to stay healthy and improve
cardiovascular fitness. A new study says just 75 minutes of cycling a week could be enough to
enhance our overall health. The (2) ____________________ analyzed 15 studies that examined the
impact of cycling on health. They concluded that 75 minutes of cycling per week lowered the
risk of developing heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic conditions. The study said 75
minutes of cycling is the same as biking for 10 to 15 minutes a day.

The (3) _______________________ is published in a sports medicine journal. Researchers looked at

exercise data from 150,000 adults worldwide over five years. The (4) _____________________ had
an average age of 45 and varied levels of physical fitness. The lead researcher said 75
minutes of cycling per week was beneficial, but it wasn't a "one-size-fits-all" solution. He
added that the more time you spend cycling, the better. He also said adding an extra 30
(5) _____________________ of cycling per week could lead to a roughly 20 per cent lower risk of
chronic illnesses. The researcher said (6) _______________________ should incorporate cycling
into their weekly exercise routine.

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. You are looking for a role where you will be the first point of contact for guests, managing
their arrivals and ensuring a welcoming environment.
B. You want to find a leadership role in a dining establishment with room for advancement
and a focus on daily operations.
C. You need a position where you can apply your culinary expertise in an upscale
environment, focusing on high-quality dish creation.
D. You are interested in a role where you can assist guests with detailed plans and local
recommendations to enhance their stay.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

E. You want to be part of a fast-paced environment where food service is key, interacting with
customers regularly.
F. You are looking for a supervisory role in maintaining high standards of cleanliness and
comfort for guests in a premium setting.
G. You need a flexible, part-time role where you can create beverages and maintain a
pleasant atmosphere for customers.
H. You are seeking a position where you will organize and oversee large-scale events,
ensuring that every detail meets clients’ expectations.
I. You are passionate about creating sweet treats and baked goods, focusing on quality and
creativity.
J. You are looking for a role where you can greet and assist guests, helping them find seating
and providing a warm welcome.

7. Do you have a flair for creating delightful desserts? We need someone with a strong
background in pastry arts who can innovate and produce high-quality baked goods. You will
be in charge of crafting a variety of desserts, including pastries, cakes, and breads, with an
emphasis on creativity and attention to detail. This is a full-time position in a setting that
values artistic culinary expression.
8. We are looking for a driven individual to take on a leadership role within our dining
establishment. This position offers a blend of managing day-to-day operations, mentoring
staff, and contributing to the strategic growth of the business. Ideal candidates have a
background in the hospitality industry and a passion for enhancing the guest dining
experience.
9. We are seeking an individual who excels at making guests feel welcome and can manage
the initial interaction with all our visitors. You will be responsible for handling guest check-ins
and check-outs, providing information about our services, and ensuring that the front-of-
house operations run smoothly. This role requires strong communication skills and a friendly,
approachable demeanor.
10. We are looking for someone who can take charge of organizing and managing large-scale
events, such as weddings and corporate functions. You will work closely with clients to
understand their vision and ensure that every detail of their event is executed to perfection.
This role requires excellent organizational skills, a keen eye for detail, and the ability to
manage multiple projects simultaneously.
11. We are looking for someone with a passion for crafting beverages and creating a
welcoming environment in our cozy café. You will be responsible for preparing drinks,
engaging with customers, and maintaining the cleanliness and organization of the café. This
part-time role offers flexible hours and a chance to be part of a community-focused business.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

12. We are in need of someone who can oversee the cleanliness and comfort of our guest
accommodations. Your primary responsibility will be to ensure that rooms and public areas
meet our high standards of cleanliness and presentation. You will lead a team dedicated to
providing a premium experience for our guests, managing schedules, and conducting regular
inspections.
13. Join our kitchen team where your expertise in crafting sophisticated dishes will be valued.
We are searching for someone with a deep passion for culinary arts and experience in a high-
end dining environment. Your role will involve leading the creation of exceptional meals,
focusing on quality and presentation. This is an opportunity to work in a refined setting
where culinary innovation is encouraged.
14. Your role will be to enhance our guests' stay by providing personalized recommendations
and making arrangements to meet their needs. This involves assisting with bookings,
suggesting local attractions, and ensuring that each guest enjoys a memorable experience.
The ideal candidate is resourceful, knowledgeable about the local area, and enjoys helping
others.

Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) Naturally different
B) Big age difference
C) Different opinions
D) Different ambitions
E) Small differences
F) No difference at all
G) Different rules
H) Learning to be different
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI
From twins to dreamers
I. John and James are identical twins but they don't go to the same school. Their parents felt
this would help them develop individual tastes, interests and styles-but the boys at first hated
the idea. Now they are really happy at their schools but occasionally they swap places just for
fun! The brothers are best friends but they now agree that their parents were probably
correct.
II. Anna and Beth are twin sisters but they are most unlike each other. Technically they are
"non-identical" twins. Anna is blonde and Beth is a brunette. Anna is noisy, energetic and
always crashing around to hip hop and rap. Beth is much quieter and likes listening to
classical music and reading. Anna eats anything and Beth is a vegetarian. But they are,
absolutely, the closest and best of friends.
III. The Perkins children, Sally and John, both study hard every evening after college and most
weekends. Sally studies French, history and Art. She plans to go to university in Paris and
wants to either work in a museum or an art sale room. John studies the Russian language,
business studies and maths. He wants to study in St. Petersburg and to set up his own import
business. I am sure both will succeed.
IV. Greg's dad believes that there is no original, exciting new music being written and
performed today. Greg strongly disagrees and can name several new bands and singers that
are both completely original and really popular. But his Dad is a professional musician and
was quite successful when he was young. He argues that nearly every successful song now is
simply a reworked version of an older one.
V. In the UK you can legally do different things depending on your age. You can vote for a
new government at 18 but at 17 you cannot drink a beer. At 16 you can marry and become a
parent but you cannot drive to your wedding or make a traditional toast! Meanwhile lots of
bars and clubs are open only to people above 21 which means, married, voting, car driving
parents could still be too young to enter.
VI. Serious stamp collectors are men and women who appreciate details. To the casual
observer, the oldest postage stamps in the world — the Victorian "Penny Blacks" — all look
identical. Millions were made but only a few of them are truly valuable. A serious collector
knows this and the ability to find tiny variations in the paper, ink or code used helps them to
find the "Penny Black's" that are rare and valuable.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

Yawning
When Robert R Provine began studying yawning in the 1960s, it was difficult for him to
convince research students of the merits of 'yawning science1. Although it may appear quirky
to some, Provine's decision to study yawning was a logical extension of his research in
developmental neuroscience.
The verb 'to yawn' is derived from the Old English ganien or ginian, meaning to gape or open
wide. But in addition to gaping jaws, yawning has significant features that are easy to observe
and analyse. Provine 'collected' yawns to study by using a variation of the contagion
response*. He asked people to 'think about yawning' and, once they began to yawn to
depress a button and that would record from the start of the yawn to the exhalation at its
end.
Provine's early discoveries can be summanized as follows: the yawn is highly stereotyped but
not invariant in its duration and form. It is an excellent example of the instinctive 'fixed action
pattern' of classical animal-behavior study, or ethology. It is not a reflex (short-duration,
rapid, proportional response to a simple stimulus), but, once started, a yawn progresses with
the inevitability of a sneeze. The standard yawn runs its course over about six seconds on
average, but its duration can range from about three seconds to much longer than the
average. There are no half-yawns: this is an example of the typical intensity of fixed action
patterns and a reason why you cannot stifle yawns. Just like a cough, yawns can come in
bouts with a highly variable inter-yawn interval, which is generally about 68 seconds but
rarely more than 70. There is no relation between yawn frequency and duration: producers of
short or long yawns do not compensate by yawning more or less often. Furthermore,
Provine's hypotheses about the form and function of yawning can be tested by three
informative yawn variants which can be used to look at the roles of the nose, the mouth and
the jaws.
i) The closed nose yawn
Subjects are asked to pinch their nose closed when they feel themselves start to yawn. Most
subjects report being able to perform perfectly normal closed nose yawns. This indicates that
the inhalation at the onset of a yawn, and the exhalation at its end, need not involve the
nostrils - the mouth provides a sufficient airway.
ii) The clenched teeth yawn
Subjects are asked to clench their teeth when they feel themselves start to yawn but allow
themselves to inhale normally through their open lips and clenched teeth. This variant gives
one the sensation of being stuck midyawn.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

This shows that gaping of the jaws is an essential component of the fixed action pattern of
the yawn, and unless it is accomplished, the program (or pattern) will not run to completion.
The yawn is also shown to be more than a deep breath, because, unlike normal breathing,
inhalation and exhalation cannot be performed so well through the clenched teeth as
through the nose.
iii) The nose yawn
This variant tests the adequacy of the nasal airway to sustain a yawn. Unlike normal
breathing, which can be performed equally well through mouth or nose, yawning is
impossible via nasal inhalation alone. As with the clenched teeth yawn, the nose yawn
provides the unfulfilling sensation of being stuck in mid-yawn. Exhalation, on the other hand,
can be accomplished equally well through nose or mouth. Through thin methodology Provine
demonstrated that inhalation through the oral airway and the gaping of jaws are necessary
for normal yawns. The motor program for yawning will not run to completion without
feedback that these parts of the program have been accomplished.
But yawning is a powerful, generalized movement that involves much more than airway
maneuvres and jaw-gaping. When yawning you also stretch your facial muscles, tilt your head
back, narrow or close your eyes, produce tears, salivate, open the Eustachian tubes of your
middle ear and perform many other, yet unspecified, cardiovascular and respiratory acts.
Perhaps the yawn shares components with other behaviour. For example, in the yawn a kind
of 'slow sneeze1 or is the sneeze a 'fast yawn'? Both share common respiratory and other
features including jaw gaping, eye closing and head tilting.
Yawning and stretching share properties and may be performed together as parts of a global
motor complex. Studies by J I p deVries et al. in the early 1980s, charting movement in the
developing foet US using ultrasound, observed a link between yawning and stretching. The
most extraordinary demonstration of the yawn-stretch linkage occurs in many people
paralyzed on one side of their body because of brain damage caused by a stroke, the
prominent British neurologist Sir Francis Walshe noted in 1923 that when these people yawn,
they are startled and mystified to observe that their otherwise paralyzed arm rises and flexes
automatically in what neurologists term an 'associated response'. Yawning apparently
activates undamaged, unconsciously controlled connections between the brain and the
motor system, causing the paralyzed limb to move. It is not known whether the associated
response is a positive prognosis for recovery, nor whether yawning is therapeutic for
prevention of muscular deterioration.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What was Robert R. Provine's primary focus when he began studying yawning?
A) Understanding the connection between yawning and sneezing
B) Investigating yawning as a stereotyped fixed action pattern
C) Examining the contagious nature of yawning
D) Analyzing the relationship between yawning and facial expressions
22. What did Provine’s early research reveal about the nature of yawning?
A) It can be easily suppressed or shortened.
B) It is a reflex action that can be stopped at will.
C) It is a fixed action pattern that runs its course once initiated.
D) It varies significantly in intensity and duration.
23. What conclusion can be drawn from the "closed nose yawn" experiment?
A) The nasal airway is essential for yawning.
B) Yawning can occur without the use of nostrils.
C) Yawning is primarily a nasal action.
D) Clenching the teeth prevents yawning.
24. How does yawning relate to other bodily functions, according to the passage?
A) Yawning is completely independent of other bodily functions.
B) Yawning shares components with actions like sneezing and stretching.
C) Yawning primarily affects respiratory functions and does not involve other muscles.
D) Yawning is only associated with the movement of the jaw and mouth.

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. Provine's study confirmed that yawning is a reflex action similar to sneezing.
A) True B) False C) No Information
26. The "clenched teeth yawn" experiment demonstrated that gaping of the jaws is essential
for completing a yawn.
A) True B) False C) No Information
27. Yawning can lead to the movement of paralyzed limbs in individuals who have suffered a
stroke.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. Provine's research indicated that yawning is directly linked to sleep cycles.
A) True B) False C) No Information
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

29. Yawning shares some components with other actions such as sneezing and stretching.
A) True B) False C) No Information

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

Lakes
Lakes are vital components of the Earth's hydrosphere, serving as sources of freshwater,
habitats for diverse ecosystems, and areas of recreational and economic activity for humans.
These bodies of water, ranging from small ponds to vast inland seas, are formed through
various geological processes and have significant environmental, social, and economic
impacts.
Lakes can be classified based on their formation mechanisms. Tectonic lakes, such as Lake
Baikal in Siberia, are formed by movements of the Earth's crust. When tectonic plates shift,
they create depressions that can fill with water over time. Glacial lakes, like the Great Lakes of
North America, are formed by the actions of glaciers. As glaciers advance and retreat, they
carve out basins in the Earth's surface, which later fill with meltwater. Volcanic lakes, such as
Crater Lake in Oregon, form in the calderas of extinct volcanoes. When a volcanic eruption
empties a magma chamber, the resulting depression can accumulate water, creating a lake.
Additionally, lakes can form from river activity. Oxbow lakes, for example, are created when a
river meanders and forms loops that can become cut off from the main flow, leaving behind a
lake.
Lakes play a crucial role in the global water cycle. They act as reservoirs, storing large
amounts of freshwater that can be released into rivers, groundwater systems, and the
atmosphere. This storage helps regulate the flow of water, reducing the impact of floods and
droughts. Lakes also contribute to the local climate by moderating temperatures. During the
day, they absorb heat, and at night, they release it, helping to stabilize the surrounding
environment.
The biodiversity within lakes is remarkable. These ecosystems support a wide variety of plant
and animal species, many of which are specially adapted to life in aquatic environments.
Phytoplankton, the primary producers in lake ecosystems, use sunlight to perform
photosynthesis, forming the base of the food web. Zooplankton, small aquatic animals, feed
on phytoplankton and are, in turn, preyed upon by larger organisms such as fish. Lakes also
provide habitats for amphibians, birds, and mammals, creating rich and diverse ecological
communities.
Human activities around lakes have both positive and negative impacts. Lakes are often focal
points for communities, providing water for drinking, agriculture, and industry.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

They offer opportunities for recreation, such as boating, fishing, and swimming, which can
boost local economies through tourism. However, human activities can also threaten lake
ecosystems. Pollution from agricultural runoff, industrial waste, and untreated sewage can
degrade water quality, harming aquatic life and making water unsafe for human use. Invasive
species introduced by human activity can disrupt the natural balance of lake ecosystems,
outcompeting native species and altering habitats.
Climate change poses a significant threat to lakes worldwide. Rising temperatures can lead to
increased evaporation rates, reducing water levels and concentrating pollutants. Changes in
precipitation patterns can affect the inflow and outflow of water, altering the hydrological
balance of lakes. Melting glaciers and ice sheets contribute to rising water levels in some
regions, while increased evaporation can lead to shrinking lakes in others. The impact of
climate change on lakes is complex and varies by region, but the overall trend is one of
increased stress on these vital ecosystems.
Efforts to protect and preserve lakes are crucial. Conservation strategies include reducing
pollution through improved agricultural practices, wastewater treatment, and industrial
regulations. Protecting natural shorelines and wetlands around lakes helps maintain water
quality and provides critical habitats for wildlife. Climate change mitigation efforts, such as
reducing greenhouse gas emissions, are also essential to protect lakes from the long-term
impacts of global warming.

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

(30) ____________________ depressions created by tectonic movements eventually fill with water,
forming lakes. Lakes play an essential role in helping to (31) ______________________ water flow,
thereby lessening the severity of floods and droughts. The primary producers in lake
ecosystems, known as phytoplankton, utilize (32) _______________________ to carry out
photosynthesis, which is fundamental to the lake's food web.
Increasing (33) ___________________ rates due to rising temperatures can result in lower water
levels in lakes.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. What is one of the significant roles of lakes in the global hydrological cycle?
A) Creating new habitats for invasive species
B) Mitigating the impacts of floods and droughts
C) Always increasing water temperatures
D) Serving mainly as sources of saltwater
35. In what way can human activities detrimentally affect lake ecosystems?
A) By enhancing local economies through tourism
B) By introducing invasive species that disrupt natural balances
C) By providing more recreational opportunities
D) By supplying water for drinking and agriculture

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI VAZIRLAR STATE TESTING CENTRE UNDER THE

MAHKAMASI HUZURIDAGI CABINET OF MINISTERS
DAVLAT TEST MARKAZI OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

CHET TILLARNI BILISH VA EGALLASH DARAJASINI BAHOLASH MILLIY

TIZIMI
CHET TILLARI SERTIFIKATI
TIL: INGLIZ
NATIONAL SYSTEM
OF ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY CERTIFICATE OF FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH

Bekzod Turg'unov MS tomonidan tayyorlangan

MOOD TEST 9: READING

The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.

Part 1: Questions 1-6; Part 4: Questions 21-29;

Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 5: Questions 30-35.

Part 3: Questions 15-20;

Each question carries ONE mark.

Total time allowed: 1 hour

You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your answers to the

Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE COLLECTED BY THE INVIGILATOR.

NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM. DO NOT OPEN THE

QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Please write you full name here: Please, sign here:

__________________________________________ ________________________

The test booklet consists of 9 (nine) printed pages

Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in
the rest of the text.

Bamboo
Bamboo is used in a lot of construction and everyday products. It is also used in furniture and
paper. However, using traditional wood for these purposes damages the environment
because of deforestation. Researchers in Australia believe they have found an alternative to
(1) ________________________. The scientists have created a bamboo-based material that is better
for nature and for our sustainability. Their new BAMBOO-ALT product is 60 percent better for
the (2) ________________________. This is because it is more renewable and leads to less habitat
destruction. It is also stronger. It has 50 percent more tensile strength and 20 percent more
durability than traditional wood.

BAMBOO-ALT could change how products are manufactured. Around half of all the
(3) ______________________ and paper we use contain wood. Trees in many forests have to be cut
down to make wood (4) ___________________. However, BAMBOO-ALT is made from fast-growing
(5) _____________________ plants. A researcher spoke to the ABC about BAMBOO-ALT. He called
it the "future of sustainable materials". He said: "We've put it through rigorous testing to see
if people can tell the difference between our product and (6) _______________________ wood, and
they can't." He is hoping businesses will start using BAMBOO-ALT instead of regular wood.

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation
described in the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not
need to use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

A. You are looking for a budget laptop that has a long battery life, ideal for all-day use on
campus.
B. You want a cheap laptop that is lightweight and portable, making it easy to carry between
classes.
C. You need an affordable laptop with a high-resolution screen for graphic design and visual
projects.
D. You want a laptop that is both inexpensive and robust enough to handle programming and
coding tasks.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

E. You are searching for a budget-friendly laptop that has a large storage capacity for saving
multimedia projects.
F. You need a laptop with a good webcam and microphone for online classes and video
conferencing.
G. You are interested in a low-cost laptop that offers strong performance for gaming during
downtime.
H. You want an affordable laptop that includes pre-installed software for word processing
and presentations.
I. You need a cheap laptop that can also function as a tablet for taking notes during lectures.
J. You are looking for a budget laptop with easy connectivity options, including multiple USB
ports and HDMI.

7. Looking for something easy to carry? The Compact Swift is ultra-lightweight and slim,
making it perfect for students on the go. Despite its budget-friendly price, it offers a durable
build and efficient performance, ideal for taking from class to class.
8. CamPro Student Edition is tailored for online learning. It features a high-quality webcam
and microphone, ensuring clear video and audio for virtual classes and group meetings, all at
an affordable price.
9. If storage is your priority, the StoreMax 500 offers a spacious 500GB hard drive at a price
that won’t strain your budget. It’s ideal for students who need to store large multimedia
projects, videos, and extensive research files.
10. ConnectMe Plus is perfect for students who need seamless connectivity. This budget
laptop is equipped with multiple USB ports, an HDMI output, and fast Wi-Fi connectivity,
making it easy to connect all your devices for classwork or presentations.
11. The Endurance Lite is designed for students who need a reliable laptop that can last
through long days on campus. With up to 12 hours of battery life, this affordable laptop
ensures you stay powered through back-to-back classes without needing to recharge.
12. For students who prefer versatility, the FlexTab 2-in-1 offers the flexibility of a laptop and
a tablet in one device. This budget-friendly option includes a touchscreen and a detachable
keyboard, perfect for taking notes during lectures or doing light work on the go.
13. Visual Pro 13 is a budget laptop that doesn’t compromise on display quality. It features a
high-resolution 13-inch screen, making it ideal for students in graphic design or those who
need sharp visuals for their coursework.
14. The CodeMaster 14 is built for students who need a powerful yet affordable machine for
coding and software development. Its robust processor and ample RAM ensure it can handle
intensive programming tasks without breaking the bank.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings
below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use
any heading more than once.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

List of headings:
A) The wrong goal
B) Extra-curricular over load
C) Too much homework
D) Arguably helpful
E) Too stressful
F) Too many distractions
G) A better system
H) Poor co-ordination

15. Paragraph I
16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI
Homework dilemmas
I. My problem with homework is that I am rather fond of TV and computer games. Every
evening after school it is the same. I start with the highest intentions. I'll just play one round
of Final fantasy and then begin. But it tends to be three rounds and then tea time. Oh — and
then my favourite program begins in 10 minutes so I'll start after that. And so it goes on.
Probably I lack motivation.
II. It is so much faster doing homework these days. All our assignments can be done on the
PC which means correcting and changing things is so easy. But of course the Internet is the
biggest shortcut of all. Maybe it's true what they say that it stops you reading textbooks. You
get snatches of information rather than the whole story. Maybe I should try to use the
internet less.
III. I am a drummer and a pianist. The school really encourages this and I have two one hour
lessons a week plus one to two hours daily practice. I am in the basketball team. The school
encourages this and we practice twice a week. I got picked to be in the school play.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Rehearsals are two hours a week. Will somebody please tell me when I am supposed to get
my homework done?
IV. Exam practice, constant revision, exam techniques and how to get the highest possible
grade— is this what education is supposed to be about? The school seems obsessed with
grades and the school results league table. We are currently 17th highest achievers in
England but if we really try hard this year we might make top 10. Silly me! I thought education
was about learning and preparing for adult life.
V. For some kids exams bring more pressure than they can cope with. They worry about
what their parents will say, not to mention what their teachers or class mates will think. No
wonder some of them freeze up in the exam hall and are unable to write anything out of
sheer nerves.
VI. Why do they do it? We get three weeks in a row with minimal homework and then every
teacher in the school sets a massive assignment to be completed "by next Friday — no late
submissions". Why don't they get together and try and even the load?

Part 4
Read the following text for questions 21-29.

The morning mystery

Emily woke up before her alarm went off and knew instantly something wasn’t quite right in
the house. Bailey, her chocolate-coloured pet Labrador, should have been there at the
bedroom door demanding food but there was no sound of him. She decided to get up and go
and see where he was. It felt cold in the hall but she knew she had left the heating on last
night. As she walked down the stairs she heard a noise in the kitchen; the strange feeling that
something was wrong was getting stronger. What was going on? She got to the bottom of the
stairs and opened the door to the living room, which led to the kitchen. Why was the door
closed? She always left it open. Bailey was nowhere to be seen and his toys, which were
usually all over the living room floor, were in a neat pile in the corner next to his basket. Had
they been there when she had gone to bed last night? She couldn’t remember. She walked
into the kitchen and turned the light on, it didn’t work, nothing happened. She stood very still
and listened, nothing. There wasn’t a sound. That was really strange; she lived in the middle
of a busy city, there were always people around. She woke up to the sound of traffic, car
horns, police cars, her neighbours shouting in the house next door, how could there be
silence at 8 o’clock on a Friday morning? She went back into the living room and turned the TV
on, but again nothing happened. She went back into the kitchen and looked out of the
window; it was a bright clear day. The back door was shut but when she tried the handle she
realised it was unlocked. She walked out into the tiny back garden and opened the back gate;
still nothing, not a sound and no sign of Bailey.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

She called him but he didn’t come. She went back into the house and did what she realised
she should have done as soon as she got up and called her mother. But there was no answer.
She called her boyfriend but his mobile was switched off and she got the answer phone
message. She tried a couple of other numbers but with equal success. She sat down on the
sofa and thought about what she could do. She couldn’t decide if she should stay at home or
go out and find someone. Just as she decided the best thing would be to stay at home and
wait, there was a loud banging on the front door. She jumped up and ran to the door. ‘Who is
it?’ she shouted through the door. ‘It’s me,’ came the reply. But she had no idea who ‘me’ was.
She didn’t want to open the door until she was sure she knew who it was, not with all the
other strange things that were happening this morning, and she didn’t want to shout through
the thick front door, so she walked back into the living room and tried to look through the
front window to see who was standing at the front door. It was a man but she couldn’t make
out who he was; he didn’t look familiar. He was tall and was wearing a big coat with a hood
over his head. Just as she was thinking of running out the back door she saw that the man
had Bailey with him, and Bailey seemed quite happy, which meant that the man had to be
someone he knew and liked; he would have been barking otherwise. She still wasn’t taking
any chances though; she put the safety latch on the door and opened it just enough to see
who was there. She was instantly relieved; it was her brother, who lived just a few streets
away. She opened the door all the way and let him in. As he walked through the door he was
almost knocked over by Bailey jumping up and looking more pleased than ever to see her. ‘So
what’s going on?’ she asked her brother. He looked at her as if she was stupid. ‘Haven’t you
heard?

For questions 21-24, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

21. What specific detail in the living room made Emily increasingly suspicious?
A) The window was open.
B) Bailey's toys were neatly piled in a corner.
C) The lights were flickering.
D) The television was on with no sound.
22. How did Emily initially confirm that something unusual was happening in her home?
A) By noticing the heating was off.
B) By finding the kitchen light wouldn’t turn on.
C) By discovering the back door was unlocked.
D) By hearing unusual noises in the living room.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

23. What was Emily’s reaction upon realizing the strange silence in the house?
A) She immediately tried to leave the house.
B) She checked if the phone was working.
C) She turned on the television to check for any news.
D) She called out for Bailey but received no response.
24. What ultimately convinced Emily to open the front door despite her initial hesitation?
A) The person at the door identified themselves as her brother.
B) She saw Bailey with the man through the window.
C) She recognized the voice at the door.
D) The man at the door appeared to be a neighbor she knew.

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in
the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

25. Emily was startled by the sound of Bailey barking when she woke up.
A) True B) False C) No Information
26. Emily decided to call her mother after noticing something unusual in the house.
A) True B) False C) No Information
27. Emily recognized the man at the door immediately.
A) True B) False C) No Information
28. Emily lived in a quiet, rural area where it was unusual to hear traffic noise in the morning.
A) True B) False C) No Information
29. Emily found Bailey playing with his toys in the living room.
A) True B) False C) No Information
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35.

The History of America

The history of America is a rich tapestry woven with the threads of exploration, colonization,
revolution, and innovation. From the arrival of the earliest indigenous peoples to the
establishment of the United States and beyond, America’s past is marked by significant
events that have shaped the nation and the world.
The earliest inhabitants of America are believed to have crossed the Bering Strait from Asia
during the last Ice Age, over 15,000 years ago. These indigenous peoples developed diverse
cultures and societies, such as the Iroquois in the Northeast, the Sioux in the Great Plains,
and the Aztec in Central America. These civilizations thrived long before the arrival of
Europeans.
In 1492, Christopher Columbus, an Italian explorer sailing under the Spanish flag, reached the
Americas. This event marked the beginning of European exploration and colonization.
Spanish, French, and English explorers soon followed, establishing colonies throughout the
New World. The Spanish founded settlements in the Caribbean, Mexico, and South America,
while the French established fur trading posts in Canada and the Mississippi River Valley. The
English settled along the Atlantic coast, founding colonies such as Jamestown in 1607 and
Plymouth in 1620.
The 17th and 18th centuries were periods of growth and conflict for the American colonies.
As the colonies expanded, they encroached on indigenous lands, leading to numerous
conflicts. Additionally, European powers vied for control of the New World, resulting in wars
such as the French and Indian War (1754-1763), which saw the British gain control over much
of North America.
The American Revolution (1775-1783) was a pivotal moment in the history of America.
Tensions between the British government and the American colonists had been simmering
for years, fueled by issues such as taxation without representation and the desire for greater
autonomy. In 1776, the colonists declared their independence with the signing of the
Declaration of Independence, authored primarily by Thomas Jefferson. After eight years of
war, the Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783, recognizing the sovereignty of the United States.
The early years of the United States were marked by the creation of a new government. The
Articles of Confederation, the nation’s first constitution, proved ineffective, leading to the
drafting of the United States Constitution in 1787. This document established a federal
system of government with checks and balances, and it remains the supreme law of the land.
George Washington, a revered Revolutionary War general, was elected as the first President
of the United States in 1789.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

The 19th century was a period of rapid expansion and change for America. The concept of
Manifest Destiny, the belief that Americans were destined to expand westward across the
continent, drove this expansion. The Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the acquisition of Florida,
and the annexation of Texas were significant milestones. The discovery of gold in California in
1848 spurred the Gold Rush, drawing thousands to the West in search of fortune.
However, this period also saw deep divisions over issues such as slavery. The Civil War (1861-
1865) was a brutal conflict between the Northern states (the Union) and the Southern states
(the Confederacy) that had seceded from the Union. The war, largely fought over the issue of
slavery, resulted in the abolition of slavery and the eventual reunification of the country.
President Abraham Lincoln’s leadership during this period and his Emancipation
Proclamation in 1863 were crucial in shaping the nation’s future.
The late 19th and early 20th centuries were characterized by industrialization and
immigration. The United States emerged as a global economic power, with innovations in
technology and industry driving growth. Millions of immigrants from Europe, Asia, and other
regions arrived in America, seeking opportunities and contributing to the nation’s cultural
diversity.
The 20th century saw America’s rise as a global superpower. The United States played a
crucial role in both World War I and World War II, emerging from the latter as one of the
world’s leading military and economic powers. The post-war era was marked by the Cold War,
a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union.
Domestically, the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s sought to end racial
segregation and discrimination, leading to significant social and legislative changes.
In recent decades, the United States has continued to evolve, facing new challenges and
opportunities. Issues such as technological innovation, globalization, and climate change have
shaped the nation’s policies and priorities. Despite these challenges, America remains a
beacon of democracy and a leader on the global stage.

For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

The first people to inhabit America are believed to have migrated from (30) ___________________
during the last Ice Age. The conflict known as the French and Indian War resulted in
(31) _______________________________ dominance over much of North America. The United States
(32) _______________________________ was created in 1787 to replace the ineffective Articles of
Confederation. The Gold Rush in 1848 was triggered by the discovery of (33) _________________
in California.
Bekzod Turg`unov MS Bekzod Turg`unov MS

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

34. What was the primary motivation behind the concept of Manifest Destiny?
A) To promote industrialization in the Northern states.
B) To justify the westward expansion across the North American continent.
C) To advocate for the abolition of slavery in the Southern states.
D) To encourage the development of new technologies in America.
35. Which of the following best describes the impact of the Civil Rights Movement in the
United States?
A) It led to the emergence of America as a global economic superpower.
B) It was a significant social and legislative effort to end racial segregation and discrimination.
C) It primarily focused on the reunification of the Northern and Southern states after the Civil
War.
D) It resulted in the drafting of the United States Constitution.

@bekzodturgunovms tomonidan tayyorlangan!

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