ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURE &

Purification

1 The diagram shows the apparatus a student uses to separate a

mixture of salt and sand.She adds the mixture to water in a beaker

and then carries out the three stages shown.

stage 1 stage 2 stage 3

(a) Give the names of the pieces of apparatus labelled X and Y.

(2)

X .............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................... ................

Y .............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................... ................

(b) (i) A liquid that dissolves

substances is a (1)

A solute
B solution
C solvent
D suspension

(ii) The clear liquid that forms in

stage 1 is a (1)
A solute
B solution
C solvent
D suspension
 (c) (i) At which stage, 1, 2 or 3, is the sand
collected? (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(ii) At which stage, 1, 2 or 3, is the salt

collected? (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(d) What happens to the water in

stage 3? (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(Total for Question 1 = 7 marks)

 2 A student investigates some food colourings, each of which is made up of one or
more dyes.

She produces a chromatogram using the safe colourings red (SR), blue
(SB) and green (SG) and food colourings red (FR), blue (FB) and green
(FG).

The diagram shows her chromatogram.

SR SB SG FR FB FG

reference line

(a) How many dyes are there in SR?

(1)
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

(b) Complete the table by placing ticks () next to the two food
colourings that are definitely safe to use.

Explain your answer.

(2)
Food colouring Safe to use?

FR

FB

FG

explanation .............................................................................................................................. .....................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(Total for Question 2 = 3 marks)

 3 The box shows some methods that can be used in separating mixtures.

crystallisation dissolvin evaporatio

g n
paper simple fractional
chromatography distillation distillation
From the box, select the best method for each of the
separations. You may use each method once, more than
once or not at all.

(a) Removing sand from a mixture of sand

and water.
(1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(b) Obtaining pure water from a salt

solution. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(c) Extracting the red dye from a sample of rose

petals. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(d) Separating the coloured dyes in a sample of

green ink. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(e) Obtaining ethanol (alcohol) from a mixture of ethanol

and water. (1)

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(Total for Question 3 = 5 marks)

4 (a) The list shows some techniques used to separate mixtures.
A crystallisation
B filtration
C fractional distillation
D paper chromatography
E simple distillation

Complete the table to show the best method of obtaining each

substance from the mixture.

In each case, choose one of the letters A, B, C, D or E. Each letter may

be used once, more than once or not at all.
(4)

Substance Mixture Letter

sand sand and water
solid copper(II) sulfate aqueous copper(II) sulfate
red food dye mixture of food dyes
kerosene crude oil

(b) Gold occurs in ores, which are mixtures of gold and other substances.
Several elements and compounds are used in the extraction of gold from
its ores.

Each box below represents the substances present in one part of the extraction
process.

Classify the contents of each box as a compound, an element or a

mixture by writing your choice below each box.
(3)

Au NaCN Au

NaCN NaCN H2O

O2 NaC Au

H2O N H2O
NaC
N
Compound,
element
or mixture

(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)

5 The table shows the names of some common pieces of laboratory
apparatus used to make measurements.
(a) Complete the table to show the name of the quantity that can be
measured by each piece of apparatus, and a common unit used for
that quantity. One example of each has been done for you.
(6)

Apparatus Quantity Unit

balance mass

stop clock s

gas syringe

ruler

(b) Which piece of apparatus is needed to make

measurements in a paper chromatography experiment?
(1)

A balance
B gas syringe
C ruler
D stop clock

(Total for Question 5 = 7 marks)

6 A student produces this chromatogram for four dyes, A, B, C and D.

Blu Re Yello A B C D
e d w

(a) Put a cross ( ) in a box to indicate your answer.

(i) Which one of the dyes contains three colours?

(1)
A
B
C
D

(ii) Which one of the dyes contains one colour only?

(1)
A
B
C
D

(b) Each dye is made from one or more of the colours blue,
red and yellow. The student thinks that the result for one
dye is incorrect.
(2)
Suggest which result is incorrect. Explain your answer.

The incorrect result is .............................................................................................................................. ..........................................................................................

because .............................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ......................

(Total for Question 6 = 4 marks)