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Satellite: Orbit Natural Satellites Moon Sputnik 1 Earth Space Stations

Satellites are objects placed into orbit around astronomical bodies by human endeavors. Thousands of satellites have been launched to orbit Earth and other celestial objects for purposes including Earth observation, communications, navigation, weather monitoring, and research. Satellite orbits and functions vary greatly depending on their intended purpose. Key classes of satellite orbits include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and geostationary orbit.

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Sean Matthew Concepcion
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151 views

Satellite: Orbit Natural Satellites Moon Sputnik 1 Earth Space Stations

Satellites are objects placed into orbit around astronomical bodies by human endeavors. Thousands of satellites have been launched to orbit Earth and other celestial objects for purposes including Earth observation, communications, navigation, weather monitoring, and research. Satellite orbits and functions vary greatly depending on their intended purpose. Key classes of satellite orbits include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and geostationary orbit.

Uploaded by

Sean Matthew Concepcion
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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a satellite is an object which

has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon. The world's first artificial satellite, the Sputnik 1, was launched by the Soviet Union in 1957. Since then, thousands of satellites have been launched into orbit around the Earth; also some satellites, notably space stations, have been launched in parts and assembled in orbit. Artificial satellites originate from more than 50 countries and have used the satellite launching capabilities of ten nations. A few hundred satellites are currently operational, whereas thousands of unused satellites and satellite fragments orbit the Earth as space debris. A fewspace probes have been placed into orbit around other bodies and become artificial satellites to the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and the Sun. Satellites are used for a large number of purposes. Common types include military and civilian Earth observation satellites, communications satellites, navigation satellites, weather satellites, and research satellites. Space stations and human spacecraft in orbit are also satellites. Satellite orbits vary greatly, depending on the purpose of the satellite, and are classified in a number of ways. Well-known (overlapping) classes include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and geostationary orbit. Satellites are usually semi-independent computer-controlled systems. Satellite subsystems attend many tasks, such as power generation, thermal control, telemetry, attitude control and orbit control.

A radio

telescope is a form

of directional radio antenna used in radio astronomy. The same types of antennas are also used in tracking and collecting data from satellites and space probes. In their astronomical role they differ from optical telescopes in that they operate in the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum where they can detect and collect data on radio sources. Radio telescopes are typically large parabolic ("dish") antennas used singly or in an array. Radio observatories are preferentially located far from major centers of population to avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI) from radio, TV, radar, and other EMI emitting devices. This is similar to the locating of optical telescopes to avoidlight pollution, with the difference being that radio observatories are often placed in valleys to further shield them from EMI as opposed to clear air mountain tops for optical observatories.

In its widest sense, a photometer is an instrument for measuring light intensity or optical properties of solutions or surfaces. Photometers are used to measure:

A telescope is an instrument that

aids in the observation of remote objects by collecting electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light). The first known practical telescopes were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 1600s (the 17th century), using glass lenses. They found use in terrestrial applications and astronomy. Within a few decades, the reflecting telescope was invented, which used mirrors. In the 20th century many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s. The word telescope now refers to a wide range of instruments detecting different regions of theelectromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors. The word "telescope" (from the Greek , tele "far" and , skopein "to look or see"; ,teleskopos "far-seeing") was coined in 1611 by the Greek mathematician Giovanni Demisiani for one ofGalileo Galilei's instruments presented at a banquet at the Accademia dei Lincei.[1][2][3] In the Starry

An observatory is a location used for

observing terrestrial or celestial events. Astronomy,climatology/meteorology, geology, oceanography and vo lcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed. Historically, observatories were as simple as containing an astronomical sextant (for measuring the distance between stars) or Stonehenge(which has some alignments on astronomical phenomena).

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