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5 views

Network_Interview1TOP

Interview questions

Uploaded by

pharosecoled
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differentiate between RAM and ROM?

Semiconductor memories are of two types: RAM (random access memory) and ROM
(read only memory).RAM is a read/write memory. Information can be written into and
read from a RAM. It is volatile memory. It stores information so long as power supply is
on.
ROM is permanent type memory. Its contents are not lost when power supply goes off.
The user cannot write into a ROM.Its contents are decided by the manufacturer and
written at the time of manufacture.
Programmable ROMs are also available. They are called PROMs.

What is hard disk and what is its purpose?


Hard disk is the secondary storage device, which holds the data in bulk, and it holds the
data on the magnetic medium of the disk. Hard disks have a hard platter that holds the
magnetic medium, the magnetic medium can be easily erased and rewritten, and a typical
desktop machine will have a hard disk with a capacity of between 10 and 40 gigabytes.
Data is stored onto the disk in the form of files

What is cache memory?


Cache memory is random access memory (RAM) that a computer microprocessor can
access more quickly than it can access regular RAM. As the microprocessor processes
data, it looks first in the cache memory and if it finds the data there (from a previous
reading of data), it does not have to do the more time-consuming reading of data from
larger memory.

What is DRAM? In which form does it store data?


DRAM is the Hershey's chocolate of readable/writable memory: it's not the best, but it's
cheap, does the job, and is available almost everywhere you look. DRAM data resides in
a cell made of a capacitor and a transistor. The capacitor tends to lose data unless it's
recharged every couple of milliseconds, and this recharging tends to slow down the
performance of DRAM compared to speedier RAM types.

Difference between Primary storage and secondary storage?


Main memory: – only large storage media that the CPU can access directly.
Secondary storage: – extension of main memory that provides large nonvolatile storage
capacity.

What are the major differences between windows XP and Windows 2000 operating
systems?
Found few major differences between win2000 Proffi and winxp Proffi that are:
1.REMOTE DESKTOP: we can remotely connect winxp machine from any windows
system like win98, win2000, winxp and win2003
2. SHARING NETWORK CONNECTION: we can share easily our network resources
to other people those r resided in other network. {Whereas in win2000, we can share our
internet connection to our local network only.}
3. FIREWALL: we can restrict deny the people in the internet who r trying to access our
resources and want to corrupt our systems like Hackers.
4. SOFTWARE RESTRICTIONS: In Group Policy: we can restrict the particular users
such that they cannot use particular software using group policies.
5. PAST SWITCHING USER LOGIN: Multiple users can login without loging off
already login user, withought loosing any data in the same winxp machine.
6. VERSION CONFLICTION: we can install multiple versions of same application in
one Machine. (Even we can install in win98, win2000, some where in the middle, we
face the problem.)

What are the basic functions of an operating system?


OS is the interface betn h/w and s/w. The core of os is kernel it is not hardware not
software...It is firm ware...
Command interpreter:-whenever we will type some data it will take from the keyboard
and it convert to the language which computer can understand. and again it will display
the result in which language user can understand.
Memory manager:-it will allocate memory for a particular process.
Process manager:-it will allocate time for a particular process.

Difference between TCP and RDP, DOMAIN and OU. DOMAIN CONTROLLER
and GLOBAL CATALOG?
Every Global Catalog Server is a DC, But every DC is not GC.
GC holds partial attributes of the domain objects,
A membership of Universal Group is maintained by GC, GC helps in quick logon process
1. Transmission Control Protocol: a standard protocol for transmitting the information.
Remote Desktop Protocol: Used for accessing the Desktop Remotely
2. Domain: A security boundary for the network
Organisational Unit: A part of Active Directory used to Organise and Manage the objects
of AD
3. Domain Controller: Used for managing the objects in the domain
Global Catalog Server: A Domain Controller promoted to be a CG, holds partial replica
of every object in the forest

What is difference between Global catalog and infrastructure master?


1. GC holds group membership of universal group. While Infrastructure hold group
information in domain level.
2. We can't set infrastructure mastre and GC together on same DC.
Global Catalog server holds a partial replica of every object in the forest.
Infrastructure Master contains the references to objects in the forest.
What is difference between windows 2000 server and windows 2003 server?
1. In win 2003 ads we can rename dns with netdom command
2. In win 2003 by default password complexity is enabled so we must disable password
complexity from account policy in domain security policy to create uers.
3. We can restrict users not to change the ipaddress of the system
4. Backup utility is updated to support vss(volume shadow service).shadowing service is
new concept in windows 2003 server.
5. Remote desktop concept is introduced
6.2003 has xp look
7. In 2000 we have emergency repair disk where as in 2003 we have ASR (AUTOATED
SYSTEM RECOVERY) CONCEPT IN BACKUP UTILITY.
8. By defauly IIS is installed in 2003 server
9. In 2003 iis server we have an option to install network printer via HTML.

What are FMSO Roles? List them.


Schema Master: The schema master domain controller controls all updates and
modifications to the schema. To update the schema of a forest, you must have access to
the schema master. There can be only one schema master in the whole forest.
• Domain naming master: The domain naming master domain controller controls the
addition or removal of domains in the forest. There can be only one domain naming
master in the whole forest.
• Infrastructure Master: The infrastructure is responsible for updating references from
objects in its domain to objects in other domains. At any one time, there can be only one
domain controller acting as the infrastructure master in each domain.
• Relative ID (RID) Master: The RID master is responsible for processing RID pool
requests from all domain controllers in a particular domain. At any one time, there can be
only one domain controller acting as the RID master in the domain.
• PDC Emulator: The PDC emulator is a domain controller that advertises itself as the
primary domain controller (PDC) to workstations, member servers, and domain
controllers that are running earlier versions of Windows. For example, if the domain
contains computers that are not running Microsoft Windows XP Professional or
Microsoft Windows 2000 client software, or if it contains Microsoft Windows NT
backup domain controllers, the PDC emulator master acts as a Windows NT PDC. It is
also the Domain Master Browser, and it handles password discrepancies. At any one
time, there can be only one domain controller acting as the PDC emulator master in each
domain in the forest.
RAID 0 1 5:

RAID 0 includes a disk array that implements striping without any drive redundancy. It
offers no fault tolerance and is less reliable than a single-drive implementation; its only
advantage is speed. RAID 0 is suitable for certain special applications, as in scientific
analysis or imaging, where compromised system reliability can be tolerated.

RAID 1 is disk mirroring. Two drives store identical information so that one is a mirror
of the other. For every disk operation, the system must write the same information to both
disks. Because dual write operations can degrade system performance, many employ
duplexing, where each mirror drive has it own host adapter. While the mirror approach
provides good fault tolerance, it is relatively expensive to implement, because only half
of the available disk space can be used for storage while the other is used for mirroring.
Novell NetWare, in particular, incorporates support for disk mirroring.

RAID 5
Unlike RAID 4, which dedicates a single physical disk for check data, RAID 5 dedicates
the equivalent of one entire disk for storing check data but distributes the check data over
all the drives in the group. For example, sector 1 of disk 5 may be assigned to hold the
check data for sector 1 of the remaining data drives and so on. Because the check data is
simply the XOR of all the write data values for the corresponding sector on each of the
data disks, as long as the old sector data and the old check data values are known, the
new check data for a single sector write can be calculated without having to read the
corresponding sectors from the other data disks. Thus, only two disks are involved in a
single sector write operation: the target data disk and the corresponding disk that holds
the check data for that sector. This is in contrast to the RAID 3 implementation, which
requires all drives in a group to be read and written when a single sector size write
occurs. The primary benefit of the RAID 5 distributed check data approach is that it
permits write operations to take place simultaneously. It also allows multiple reads to
take place simultaneously and is efficient in handling small amounts of information. This
is the preferred option when setting up fault tolerance in Microsoft Windows NT
Advanced Server.

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