E3503 — Control Systems SSLIIT Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering B.Sc. Eng. (Hons) ‘Year 03, Semester O1 2024 Lab 04- Level Control System LO1, Loz Learning Outcomes Covered by Laboratory Experiment 04 LOL: Obtain the step response of a closed loop system for Proportional (P), Proportional and Derivative (PD), Proportional and Integral (PI) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control system. LO2: Observe the behaviour of the position control training system for various values of position control constant (Kp), integral control constant (Ki) and derivative control constant (Kp). LI Apparatus Drain valve Standpipe ‘Threaded pin for standpipe Pressure hose for level Overilow Level tank Supply hose Levelindieator 10 u 12 B 4 18 16 Pump Storage tank Drain valve Main switch Pumponioffswiteh Pump signal lamp for fully opening the drain Drain valve signal lampThe actual controlled system is a cylindrical level tank made of transparentplastic. Undemeath is a speed-controlled submersible pump in a storage tank. This is used to pump the water from the storage tank into the level tank. The level of the level tank is measured by a differential pressure sensor via the standpipe and the pressure hose. In addition, the level can beread on a scale on thetank, ‘Waters drained from the level tank back into the storage tank via the drain valve (electric proportional valve). This creates a closed loop that requires no further external water supply. If the discharge via the drain valve is insufficient, the overflow prevents the water from leaking out of the level tank. Controlled variable _y Manipulating variable = Disturbance variable ‘e Controlditterence w- Reference value ie Unter Yar Unga lesmngresie ESEEERE = PrecromeThe training system serves as a pure section ofa control loop. Itdoesnotcontaina controller itself and is therefore supplemented with a separate extemal control system to form a complete control loop. The associated software is used as a control programme for this purpose. The training system communicates with the PC via a USB connection. In connection with the associated software, a detailed individual program of experimentsis available forthistrainingsystem, whichcoversthe following topics: The controlled system is the level tank. The actuator is the pump that pumps water from the storage tank into the level tank, The pump must be controlled by an extemal manipulating variable. The level is measured via a differential pressure sensor with ceramic bending beam technology. The water level, which compresses air in the standpipe as the level rises, acts, (via an air hose) on this differential pressure sensor, which is located in the training system housing. ‘The pressure and the level are measured accordingly from the lower inlet of the standpipe and are available as an electrical voltage signal. Using the electrically operated drain valve, the discharge from the level tank can be adjusted by assigning the disturbance variable (2). The valve works proportionally and can be adjusted variably. Its position can only be influenced by external control. As a result, it is possible torealize disturbance variables from 0% to 100% and different disturbance variable step changes, The "Open valve” button on the training system is used to fully open the drain valve as long as the button is pressed. This is used to quickly empty the level tank afterthe end of the experiment. ‘No disturbancesaretransmittedtothe controlled system via this button. The signal lamps of the pump and the drain valve indicate whether the respective element is activated The higher the flashing frequency of the pump's signal lamp, the greater the pump output. In relation to the drain valve, this means the greater the discharge. 1.2 Notes on system behaviour and system settings For unrestricted functionality, basic settings for the manipulating variable ranges must be set according to the selected controller type. If the basic settings are not made, it may not bepossi- ble to set or control all necessary manipulating variables: Example: yyqiy = 45% Vmax = 80% y =45% cannot be set y > 80% cannot be set Check the manipulating variable limits before each experiment.1.3 Experiments 1.3.1 Influence of Proportional control Study the Influence of Kp values on steady state error Select Continuous control mode Set parameters Kp= 10, Tn=0 , Tv=0 and 240% with W Wait for steady state Set Kp=25_ wait for steady state Set Kp = 40 wait for steady state Set Kp = 50 wait for steady state Set Kp=100 wait for steady state Observe the response and comment about the error variation 1.3.2 Influence of Proportional + Integral Control Study the Influence of Kp and Tn values on steady state error Set parameters Kp =25, Tn = 10 s, Tv =0 and Z=50% with W = 8em Wait for steady state Perform step in reference variable by selecting W =12cm and wait for steady state Perform step in reference variable by selecting W = 8em wait for steady state Set parameters Kp = 25, Tn = Ss and W = em Perform step in reference variable by selecting W 12cm and wait for steady state Perform step in reference variable by selecting W=8 em and wait for steady state Set parameters : Kp = 35, Tn = 5s and W = Sem Perform step in reference variable by selecting W=12 em and wait for steady state Perform step in reference variable by selecting W=8 em and wait for steady state, Observe the responses and comments of the behaviour1.3.2 Proportional + Integral + Derivative control with disturbance Study the Influence of Kp , Ty and Tn values on performance of the system ‘© Select Continuous operating mode Set parameters Kp = 28, Tn=9s,Tv=0.5s, W=12em and state 10% wait for steady * Connect disturbance Z=80% and observe the progression of controlled variable and manipulated variable. ‘+ Disconnect disturbance Z = 10% and observe the progression of the control variable and manipulated variable. ‘© Study the response and discuss the influence of the disturbance with PID controls.