2.

Application of
Information and
Technology in Construction

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction
 Construction is a multi - organisational process that is heavily
dependent on exchange of large and complex data.
 There are tons of information flow between parties in a construction
project.
 Successful completion of project depends on accuracy, effectiveness
and timely communication and exchange of critical information and
data between the project teams.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction
 Current traditional information and communication flows within the
construction industry are mostly manual and hence,
 Producing numerous paper copies of documents and drawings
 Library archives of documents need to be maintained to effectively
access data as when required
 The reliance of third parties, i.e. courier services, can lead to delays
 Added expense incurred in the project delivery of project documents
to project members who are geographically distributed.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction
 Knowledge is the understanding, awareness, or familiarity gained through
experience, education, or learning.
 Knowledge is an awareness of facts, a familiarity with individuals and situations,
or a practical skill.
 Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the
natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence.
 Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organizes knowledge in the form
of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction
 Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the
engineering design process to solve technical problems, increase efficiency and
productivity, and improve systems.
 Engineering is he application of science to practical uses such as the design of
structures, machines, and systems.
 Information is knowledge obtained from investigation, study, or instruction.
 Information is the giving or receiving of knowledge or intelligence.
 Communication is the process of sending and receiving information, which can be
done in many ways.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction
 Technology is the use of scientific knowledge and skills for practical purposes
applications, whether in industry or in our everyday lives, often involving the creation and
utilization of tools, equipment, and systems to address challenges and enhance human life.
 Information Technology (IT) describes technologies and equipment that can be used to
store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data.
 Information Communication Technology (ICT) is a specialist application of Information
Technology that has some aspect of communication.
► It includes areas such as; software development, mobile devices, cloud computing,
data centres, cyber security, research networks, support and so on.

7
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction
 Information Technology (IT) that encompasses many technologies such
as computers, software, networks and even telephones and fax
machines will facilitate the exchange and management of information and
has a lot of potentials for the information process component of the
construction industry.
 In the CI, the term refers to both the ICT used by the project team to
design, construct, operate, and manage the development, as well as
the inclusion of ICT in the completed development itself.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
 Widely used by design professionals-AUTOCAD
 Other popular software- ArchiCAD, MicroStation, MiniCAD, FastCAD
 Have replaced the traditional drawing board at the production information stage
 Advantages
 Designers are able to keep various versions of building layout for later study.
 Different views of building can easily be produced
 Can produce photo realistic, static and moving images-clients can view the
final appearance of the building at the design stage.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
 Automatic Computer – Aided Design (AUTOCAD)
 software that is used for precise 2D and 3D drafting, design, and modelling with
solids, surfaces, mesh objects, documentation features, and more.
 It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily
than you could by hand.
 Application: Architectural drawing of all kinds, interior design and facility
planning, drawings for electronic, chemical, civil, mechanical, automotive and
aerospace engineering applications, topographic maps and nautical charts, etc.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
 Automatic Computer – Aided Design (AUTOCAD)

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
 Architectural Computer – Aided Design (ArchiCAD)
 ArchiCAD is a Building Information Modeling (BIM) software tool for
architects that helps with the design and construction of buildings.
 Design - offers algorithmic design tools and large model support to help
architects unleash their creativity.
 Visualize - provides professional tools to help architects translate their
designs into imagery of future buildings.
 Collaborate - allows architects to work with other disciplines and teams on
projects of any size and complexity.
 Document - provides documentation tools and a publishing workflow to help
architects focus on their designs.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
Architectural Computer – Aided Design (ArchiCAD)
Applications,
 Creating virtual buildings: Users can create a virtual building with structural elements like walls,
doors, windows, roofs, slabs, and furniture.
 Generating plans, elevations, and sections: Users can generate these from the 3D virtual
building model and update them by rebuilding the view.
 Creating detail drawings: Users can create detail drawings based on enlarged portions of the
model.
 Creating conceptual design presentations: Architects can use Archicad to create conceptual
design presentations.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
Architectural Computer – Aided Design (ArchiCAD)
Applications,
 Creating schematic and construction documents: Architects can use Archicad to create schematic and
construction documents.
 Creating mood boards: Interior designers can use Archicad to create mood boards.
 Collaborating with other professionals: Engineers can collaborate with architects, contractors, and designers on a
single model.
 Performing model-based design analysis: Archicad can perform model-based design analysis and coordination.
 Managing information: Archicad can help manage information error-free.
 Performing energy performance analysis: Archicad can perform energy performance analysis.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
Architectural Computer – Aided Design (ArchiCAD)
Applications,
 Creating schematic and construction documents: Architects can use Archicad to create schematic and
construction documents.
 Creating mood boards: Interior designers can use Archicad to create mood boards.
 Collaborating with other professionals: Engineers can collaborate with architects, contractors, and designers on a
single model.
 Performing model-based design analysis: Archicad can perform model-based design analysis and coordination.
 Managing information: Archicad can help manage information error-free.
 Performing energy performance analysis: Archicad can perform energy performance analysis.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design
and Visualisation

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
 MicroStation, MiniCAD, FastCAD
 MicroStation is a CAD (computer-aided design) software platform used for 2D and 3D
design and drafting. used by teams of architects, engineers, contractors and GIS
professionals to integrate work on buildings, civil engineering projects, power plants
and geospatial information.
 Applications - Cconstruction drawings, Advanced modeling and rendering, Specialized
environments, Data exchange, Customization, Collaboration, Performance,
3D visual reports, rendering, edit symbol definitions
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Design and Visualisation
 MicroStation, MiniCAD, FastCAD

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Building Engineering Applications
 Simulation of the building’s performance at the design stage-thermal, lighting,
acoustics and structural aspects.
 Benefits- allow designers to evaluate alternative design solutions in order to reach
optimum design.
 Example: ATEAN (Carrier), CARGASW (Climasoft)-Energy Design, CALCULUX-
Lighting and building services design, CYPE IGENIERIOS S.A-Structural Design,
COSMOS-finite element analysis, DUCTSIZE- electricity and water nets design.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Building Engineering Applications

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Cost Estimation
 Software to make cost estimation and keep track of project spending.
 Example: Esti-Mate, Manifest, FBS-Estimator, PRESTO (Soft), GO (Star) , ITEC and ARQ
(AM2).
 Benefits
 Help to measure, count, compute and tabulate quantities, lengths, areas, volumes etc.
 Can be integrated to databases of cost of labour, material and equipment.
 Cost data need not to be re-entered-improve the celerity in estimating and avoiding errors.
 Make fast and accurate calculations
 Presents results in an organised, neat and consistent manner.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Cost Estimation

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Planning, Scheduling and Site Management
 To assist on-site managers to plan ahead, evaluate different options and adopt and execute
the most efficient construction operation.
 Planning software-Microsoft Project, Primavera, Power Projects, Suretrack.
 Job Masters, ICON, GEST and Presto Control-to log and track internal processes during the
construction phase.
 Benefits
 Can emulate what happens in real construction site by representing workers, machines,
and materials, and computing the cycle of each step taking into consideration many
uncertain factors.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Planning, Scheduling and Site Management

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Facilities Management
 Computer Aided Facility Management (CAFM) software enables Facility Managers
to plan, execute and monitor all activities involved in reactive and planned
preventative maintenance, space and move management, asset management,
operational facility services, room reservations and other customer services.
 To assist in the management and maintenance of building-after the completion.
 To create report of the state of the building.
 Eg., Facilio, MaintiMizer, eMaint, Hippo, FT Maintenance

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Computer Aided Facilities Management

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Business and Information Management

 Electronic Document Management System-to comprise all the information

throughout the life cycle of project from the inception of the need to the
maintenance.
 Web Based Project Management System- to be linked with EDMS-to
improve communications among parties, also for project coordination and
scheduling.
 The most common known is Ferret.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Business and Information Management

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Web Based Project Management System
 Virtual On-Line Design Studios

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Web Based Project Management System
 On-line electronic bidding systems

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Web Based Project Management System

 On-line Project Administration System

 Can provide information on project status, directory of contractors,
consultants, suppliers, project drawings and specifications, project
control reports and on-line change orders-at any time.
 Time and cost savings.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Web Based Project Management System

 On-line Building
Products catalogue

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Information Technologies for the Construction Sector
Web Based Project Management System
 Project Monitoring and
Control through Web Cam

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
 Definition: BIM is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics
of a facility.
 Origins: Started in the 1970s with 2D CAD systems.
 Evolution: 1980s-90s saw development in 3D modeling, and the 2000s brought
collaborative BIM.
 Core Concept: BIM serves as a shared knowledge resource, forming a reliable basis
for decision-making during a facility’s lifecycle.
 Current Use: Widely adopted across the Architecture, Engineering, and
Construction (AEC) industry globally.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)

 Why BIM Matters

 Enhanced Collaboration: Integrates all stakeholders (architects,
engineers, contractors).
 Improved Accuracy: Reduces errors and rework with shared data.
 Cost Savings: Optimizes resources, reduces waste, and saves money.
 Sustainability: Supports green building initiatives by optimizing design
and materials.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
 Benefits of BIM
 Improved Collaboration: Allows all stakeholders to access a single model.
 Enhanced Visualization: 3D models provide a better understanding of the project.
 Cost Efficiency: Reduces rework and material waste, and enables cost tracking.
 Reduced Construction Time: Speeds up decision-making and planning, efficient
project work flows.
 Lifecycle Management: Facilitates ongoing maintenance and future renovations.
 Better Project Outcomes: Enhanced design accuracy and functionality.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
 Key Principles and Components of BIM
 3D Modeling: provides visualizes building geometry and spatial relationships.

 Data Integration: Combines architectural, structural, and MEP (mechanical, electrical,

plumbing) data.

 Data Management: Stores and organizes all project data.

 Collaboration: Facilitates real-time teamwork among stakeholders, and centralizes

information for project teams.

 Analysis & Simulation: Enables performance analysis (e.g., energy use, structural
integrity).
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
 BIM Levels of Maturity

 Level 0: 2D CAD with no collaboration.

 Level 1: Managed CAD in 2D or 3D.

 Level 2: Collaborative 3D BIM with standardized files, but data

exchange is file-based.

 Level 3: Full integration BIM in a common data environment

(shared models and data)

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Process Flow
1) Conceptualization: Early design and planning.

2) Design Development: Creating the initial digital model.

3) Analysis: Performing simulations and optimizations.

4) Documentation: Preparing construction documents.

5) Construction: Real-time updates and tracking. Using BIM for scheduling, cost
estimation, and clash detection

6) Operation & Maintenance (Facility Management): Managing the building post-

construction. BIM data used for maintenance and operational efficiency.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)

 BIM Tools & Software

 Capabilities: From 3D visualization to clash detection and energy analysis.

 Design: Autodesk Revit, ArchiCAD, SketchUp

 Analysis: Navisworks, Solibri, Tekla

 Collaboration: Autodesk BIM 360, Trimble Connect, PlanGrid

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Design:
Autodesk Revit
 allows architects, engineers, and construction professionals to: Model shapes,
structures, and systems in 3D with parametric accuracy, precision, and ease.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Design:
Sketchup
 SketchUp is a 3D modeling application,
 used to create and manipulate 3D and 2D models
for use in a wide variety of design fields including
interior design, architecture, video game design,
mechanical engineering, and landscaping.
 It can also be used to create and download models
for 3D printers.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Design:

Archicad
 Archicad is a software tool for
architects working in the architecture-
engineering-construction (AEC) industry
for designing buildings from the
conceptual phase all through to the
construction phase.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Analysis
Navisworks
 It serves as a platform to analyze, evaluate, and integrate 3D
models alongside data from various disciplines involved
during a construction project.
 used primarily as a program for design review, allowing
professionals to ensure that their work is error-free.
 function as a central platform that facilitates collaboration
between various software (Autodesk Revit, AutoCAD, and
MicroStation) engaged in the project

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Analysis
Solibri
 a BIM quality assurance software solution that analyzes Building
Information Models and architectural and engineering designs
for integrity, quality and physical safety.
 It highlights potential flaws and weaknesses, and checks that
the model complies with building codes and best practices.
 Extracts information from validated models to produce accurate
and up-to-date takeoffs.
 allows users to import models from different authoring tools.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
Tekla  Analysis
 a BIM) software that helps users create, manage, and
share models for construction projects.
 Design: Create 3D models of structures using different
materials, such as steel, concrete, timber, and glass
 Detailing: Create detailed structures with automatic clash
checking
 Fabricating: Automatically generate drawings, reports, and
Computer Numerical Control ( CNC) data from the 3D
model
 Information management: Access building information,
including names, position markers, weight, materials,
dimensions, volume, environmental characteristics,
fabrication dates, transportation details, costs, and
maintenance information

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Collaboration
Autodesk BIM 360 (BIM Collaborate Pro)
 cloud-based platform that helps project teams collaborate and
manage construction projects.
 It connects project data and teams in real time to help with
decision-making, project performance, project delivery, outcomes.
 Android app allows users of the Document Management, Field
Management, and Project Management modules to access and
work with project documents, checklists, daily logs, and issues on
their device.
 Products: BIM 360 Glue, BIM 360 Build, Field Management

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Collaboration
Trimble Connect
 a cloud-based collaboration android platform for the construction
industry that helps connect people, technology, and information.
 It's a BIM solution that allows users to work together in real-time
to improve project efficiency and decision making.
 a collaboration tool that connects the right people to the right
constructible data, at the right time.
 provides a single source of truth - enabling you to eliminate
rework and costly supply chain issues by storing, organizing and
sharing your data in a secure, cloud-based solution.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
BIM Tools & Software
 Collaboration
PlanGrid
 an android construction management software that
helps contractors, owners, and architects collaborate in
real-time:
 Includes tools for meetings and schedules, asset and
model-based tracking, cost controls, and machine
learning-based risk analysis
 a construction productivity software designed for
onsite construction workers.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)
 Challenges and Limitations

 High Initial Cost: Investment in technology and training.

 Complexity: Requires skilled professionals to manage.

 Data Security: Risks of sharing sensitive information.

 Adoption Resistance: Learning curve and cultural shift for some teams.

 Standardization: Varied standards across regions.

 Interoperability

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

Applications of ICT in Construction
Introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)

 The Future of BIM

 Automation & AI: Integration of AI for design and predictive analysis.

 Digital Twins: Real-time digital replicas of physical buildings.

 IoT Integration: Enhanced building performance tracking.

 Sustainable BIM: Greater emphasis on green design and sustainable

resources

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Current Communication Technologies for the Construction Sector

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Advantages and Disadvantages of IT for Industry Stakeholders
Advantages

 Better understanding and appraisal of the client's requirements, this will

help ensure that the project delivers what the client expects.
 Closer team work through better communication.
 Better integration of the procurement and operation processes.
 Reduction in time lost compared to conventional communication methods
such as phone, mail or courier.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Advantages and Disadvantages of IT for Industry Stakeholders
Advantages

 Lessened impact of geographical separation of team members.

 Faster access to a greater volume of relevant data from
anywhere in the world.
 The information being available online and capable of being
automatically referenced by project applications.

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)

 Applications of ICT in Construction
Advantages and Disadvantages of IT for Industry Stakeholders
Disadvantages
Set-up cost:
The acquisition of suitable staff, hardware, phones lines, data
storage and the system to safeguard the integrity of data and maintain
the network.
System malfunctions:
A companies operation can be affected if the computer system fails
and electronic documents are unavailable.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
 Applications of ICT in Construction
Advantages and Disadvantages of IT for Industry Stakeholders
Disadvantages
 Data entry:
 Entry mistakes can have a greater impact on project outcomes compared to
traditional non-electronic means.
 Security and privacy:
 Although security measures such as encryption are available, their
effectiveness against unauthorized and serious intrusions remains unproven.
 Loss of human contact:
 Operating in a 'virtual office', staff may lose the benefits from the more
dynamic face-to-face interaction.
Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)
End of Chapter 2

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.) 58

THANK YOU!

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.) 59

Behailu Z. (Ph.D. Cand.)