INDUSTRIES & MARKETS

Film industry in the United

States and Canada
 Table of Contents

01 Overview Box office market share of Disney in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2022 22
Box office market share of Paramount in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2021 23
Leading box office markets worldwide 2021, by revenue 04
Leading film markets worldwide 2022, by number of tickets sold 05
04 Movie theaters & tickets
Costs of the most expensive film productions worldwide 2022 06
Box office revenue in the U.S. and Canada 1980-2023 07 Leading cinema circuits in U.S. & Canada 2023, by number of screens 25

Revenue of the motion picture and video industry in the U.S. 2021, by source 08 Number of cinema sites in the U.S. 1995-2020 26

Filmed entertainment revenue in selected countries worldwide 2021 09 Number of indoor cinema sites in the U.S. 1995-2020 27
Number of drive-in cinema sites in the U.S. 1995-2020 28

02 Movies Number of digital 3D screens in the U.S. & Canada 2007-2021 29

Number of cinema screens in the U.S. & Canada from 2008 to 2021, by format 30
Movie releases in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2022 11
Tickets sold at box offices in the U.S. & Canada1980-2023 31
Number of 3D films released in the United States & Canada 2012-2021 12
Ticket price at U.S. movie theaters 2001-2021 32
Number of movie releases in the U.S. & Canada 1995-2023, by genre 13
Box office revenue in the U.S. & Canada 1995-2023, by movie rating 14
05 Audience
Most viewed movie trailers in their first 24 hours as of April 2023 15
Most popular movies on Facebook 2022 16 Consumer spending on movie tickets in the U.S. 1999-2022 34
Consumer spending growth rate on movie theaters in the U.S. 2021, by week 35

03 Film studios Top films' audience distribution in the U.S. & Canada in 2021, by gender 36
Movie theater audience in the U.S. & Canada 2018-2021, by ethnicity 37
Market share of film studios in the U.S. & Canada 2010-2021 18
First-run movie consumption on VOD platforms during the pandemic U.S. 2020-2021 38
Combined market share of major film distributors in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2022 19
Frequency of going to the movies before and after COVID-19 in the U.S. 2022 39
Box office market share of Universal in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2021 20
Level of ease with going to see a movie in theaters among adults in the U.S. 2022 40
Box office market share of Warner Bros. in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2021 21

1
 Table of Contents

Reasons why infrequent moviegoers do not regularly go to the movies in the U.S. 2022 41
Top factors for Gen Z to decide on whether or not go to the movies in the U.S. 2021 42

06 Workforce
Employment in the motion picture & sound recording industries in the U.S. 2001-2023 44
Hourly wages in the motion picture & recording industries in the U.S. 2007-2022 45
Best-paid actors worldwide 2021, by income 46
All-time top-grossing actors in the U.S. & Canada 2023, by total domestic box revenue 47
Distribution of lead actors in movies in the U.S. 2011-2022, by gender 48
Distribution lead actors in films in the U.S. 2011-2022, by ethnicity 49
Highest-grossing film directors worldwide 2023, by cumulative global box office gross 50
Distribution of movie directors in the U.S. 2011-2022, by gender 51
Share of indie movies with female directors in Hollywood 2008-2022 52
Distribution of movie directors in the U.S. 2011-2022, by ethnicity 53
Film writers' gender distribution in the U.S. 2011-2022 54
Distribution of movie writers in the U.S. 2011-2022, by ethnicity 55

2
CHAPTER 01

Overview
 Leading box office markets worldwide in 2021, by revenue (in billion U.S.
dollars)
Leading box office markets worldwide 2021, by revenue

Box office revenue in billion U.S. dollars

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

China* 7.3

U.S./Canada 4.5

Japan 1.5

United Kingdom 0.8

France 0.8

Russia 0.6

South Korea 0.5

India 0.5

Australia 0.5

Germany 0.4

Mexico 0.4

Spain 0.3

Italy 0.2

Taiwan 0.2

Netherlands 0.2

4 Description: In 2021, China reported the highest box office revenue worldwide, at approximately 7.3 billion U.S. dollars. This is more than the revenues of the United States, Canada, Japan, and the United Kingdom combined. France ranked fourth alongside the UK,
each grossing around 800 million dollars at the box offices. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2021; * The source adds the following information: "China box office total includes online ticketing fees. The China box office total excluding ticketing fees is no longer made available." Numbers have been rounded. Read more
Source(s): MPAA; Various sources
 Leading film markets worldwide in 2022, by number of tickets sold (in
millions)
Leading film markets worldwide 2022, by number of tickets sold

Number of tickets sold in millions

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,100

India 981

China 709

United States 699

Mexico 182

Japan 153

France 148

South Korea 135

United Kingdom 131

Brazil 111

Indonesia 99

5 Description: Throughout 2022, box offices in India sold over 981 million movie tickets. The figure surpasses those of China, the United States, Mexico, and Japan altogether. Between 2021 and 2022, the box office revenue in the U.S. and Canada grew by 64.4 percent,
whereas the Chinese box office revenue decreased significantly. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2022
Source(s): Canacine; IHS Screen Digest
 Costs of the most expensive film productions worldwide as of June 2022
(in million U.S. dollars)
Costs of the most expensive film productions worldwide 2022

Production costs in million U.S. dollars

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011) 378.5

Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015) 365

Avengers: Endgame (2019) 356

Avengers: Infinity War (2018) 316

Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007) 300

Justice League (2017) 300

Film (year)

Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018) 275

Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019) 275

John Carter (2012) 263.7

Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) 263

Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017) 262

Tangled (2010) 260

Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015) 259

Spider-Man 3 (2007) 258

Beauty and the Beast (2017) 255

6 Description: As of the end of June 2022, the most expensive production of all time was the fourth installment of the "Pirates of the Caribbean" series - "Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides", directed by Rob Marshall and starring Hollywood stars Johnny Depp,
Penélope Cruz, and Geoffrey Rush, among others. The movie was produced by Disney Studios and cost approximately 378.5 million U.S. dollars to make. The source added that if the budget of "Cleopatra" (1963) was adjusted for inflation, it [...] Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; as of June 30, 2022; not adjusted for inflation
Source(s): Various sources; Yardbarker
 Box office revenue in the United States and Canada from 1980 to 2023 (in
billion U.S. dollars)
Box office revenue in the U.S. and Canada 1980-2023

14

11.89
12 11.38 11.32
10.92 11.13 11.07
10.82
Box office gross in billion U.S. dollars

10.6
10.57 10.36
10.17
9.669.63
10 9.179.219.37 9.21 8.91
8.84
8.11
8 7.51
7.38 7.37
6.73
6.16
5.65
6 5.2
4.865.1
4.56 4.48
4.114.364.37
4 3.43.55
3.012.753.13.043.1
2.1
1.66
2
0.92

0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
7 Description: In 2023, total earnings at the box office across the United States and Canada amounted to around 8.91 billion U.S. dollars, up from 7.37 billion dollars in the previous year. Still, the 2023 figure was still under the revenue recorded in 2019. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 1980 to 2023; calendar gross: actual revenues incl. holdovers from previous year
Source(s): Box Office Mojo
 Estimated revenue of the motion picture and video production and distribution
industry in the United States in 2021, by source (in billion U.S. dollars)
Revenue of the motion picture and video industry in the U.S. 2021, by source

Estimated revenue in billion U.S. dollars

0 5 10 15 20 25

Domestic licensing of rights to television programs 21.58

Domestic licensing of rights to motion picture films 10.04

Contract production of audiovisual works 8.7

Other production services 5.05

Sale of audiovisual works for the wholesale, retail, and rental markets 3.87

Domestic licensing of rights to others to distribute audiovisual works 1.33

Merchandise licensing 0.84

International licensing of rights to others to distribute audiovisual works 0.69

All other operating revenue 19.69

8 Description: Throughout 2021, domestic licensing of rights to television programs was the leading source of revenue for the motion picture and video production and distribution industry in the United States, generating almost 21.6 billion U.S. dollars. Domestic
licensing to motion pictures and contract production of audiovisual works followed, accounting for 10 billion and 8.7 billion dollars of the sector's total turnover. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2021; includes all taxable employer firms; * Regarding missing figures, the source adds that their estimates did not meet publication standards either because of high sampling variability, poor response quality, or other [...] Read more
Source(s): US Census Bureau
 Filmed entertainment revenue in selected countries worldwide in 2021 (in
million U.S. dollars)
Filmed entertainment revenue in selected countries worldwide 2021

Revenue in million U.S. dollars

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000

USA 23,807

China 11,504

Japan 3,623

UK 3,135

Germany 2,691

France 2,207

Canada 1,445

Australia 1,421

South Korea 1,263

10 Mexico 1,234

Brazil 1,199

Spain 1,002

India 989

Russia 926

Sweden 906

9 Description: In 2021, the United States was the largest filmed entertainment market worldwide, with a revenue of almost 24 billion U.S. dollars. China and Japan followed with approximately 12 billion and 3.6 billion dollars in revenue, respectively. The filmed
entertainment revenue does not refer solely to box office revenue but also comprises advertising revenue and both physical and digital home video and TV programming revenue. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; 2021
Source(s): British Film Institute; Omdia
CHAPTER 02

Movies
 Number of movies released in the United States and Canada from 2000 to
2022
Movie releases in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2022

950
873

850
792

737 742
Number of movies released

750 708 708

687
669
631
650 608 607 601
551 547 538
550 507 520
480
449
450 406
371
355
334
350

250
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

11 Description: In 2022, a total of 449 movies were released in the United States and Canada, up from 406 in the previous year. Still, the 2022 figures amounts to about 56.7 percent of the 792 titles released in 2019, before the COVID-19 outbreak. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2000 to 2022
Source(s): Box Office Mojo
 Number of 3D films released in the United States and Canada from 2012
to 2021
Number of 3D films released in the United States & Canada 2012-2021

50
45
45 43
42
40
39
40
35
35 33 33
Number of 3D films

30

25

20

15

9
10

5 3

0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

12 Description: In 2021, nine 3D movies were released across the United States and Canada, up from three in the previous year. Despite the increase, the 2021 figure amounted to only one-fifth of the 45 3D productions released five years earlier, in 2016. There were
more than 16 thousand digital 3D screens in the U.S. and Canada in 2020. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2012 to 2021
Source(s): MPAA
 Number of movies released in the United States and Canada between
1995 and 2023, by genre
Number of movie releases in the U.S. & Canada 1995-2023, by genre

Number of movie releases

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000

Drama 5,664

Documentary 2,511

Comedy 2,479

Thriller/Suspense 1,269

Action 1,169

Adventure 1,153

Horror 775

Romantic Comedy 659

Black Comedy 233

Musical 208

Western 95

Concert/Performance 86

Multiple Genres 47

Reality 5

Educational 1

13 Description: Between 1995 and early 2023, 16.35 thousand movies were released in Canada and the United States (including the unincorporated territories of Guam and Puerto Rico). Out of that total, about one third were dramas. Documentaries and comedies
followed, each accounting for approximately 2.5 thousand of all films released within that period. Read more
Note(s): Canada, Puerto Rico, United States; 1995 to 2023; as of March 14, 2022
Source(s): the-numbers.com
 Box office revenue in the United States and Canada between 1995 and
2023, by movie rating (in billion U.S. dollars)
Box office revenue in the U.S. & Canada 1995-2023, by movie rating

140

122.01
120
Box office revenue in billion U.S. dollars

100

80
65.81

60 52.14

40

20
9.6

0
PG-13 R-rated PG-rated G-rated

14 Description: Between 1995 and July 2023, PG-13-rated movies grossed approximately 122.01 billion U.S. dollars at the North American box office - a term that excludes Mexico and includes Canada and the United States. R-rated and PG-rated films grossed around
65.81 billion and 52.14 billion dollars, respectively. Read more
Note(s): Canada, Central and South America, United States; 1995 to July 2023; includes the unincorporated territories of the United States of Puerto Rico and Guam
Source(s): the-numbers.com
 Most watched movie trailers within 24 hours of release as of April 2023 (in
millions)
Most viewed movie trailers in their first 24 hours as of April 2023

Number of views in millions

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Spider-Man: No Way Home (2021; teaser trailer) 355.5

Film (year of trailer release; type of trailer)

Avengers: Endgame (2018; teaser trailer) 289

Avengers: Endgame (2019; final trailer) 268

The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power 257

Transformers: Rise of the Beasts 238

Avengers: Infinity War (2017; teaser trailer) 230

The Lion King (2018; teaser trailer) 224.6

Thor: Love and Thunder (2022; teaser trailer) 209

It (2017; teaser trailer) 197

Avengers: Infinity War (2018; final trailer) 179

15 Description: As of February 2023, the teaser of "Spider-Man: No Way Home" (2021) remained the most-watched movie trailer within 24 hours of release in history, with more than 355 million views. The teaser of "Thor: Love and Thunder" was launched in April 2022
and made it to the top 10 with 209 million views - the film was set to premiere three months later. Six of the 10 titles displayed are based on Marvel Comics' stories. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; as of February 13, 2023; * Data retrieved from an earlier release. The release date is the date of access. Read more
Source(s): Various sources; Wikipedia
 Movies with the most Facebook fans as of January 2022 (in millions)
Most popular movies on Facebook 2022

Facebook fans in millions

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Harry Potter 72.26

Titanic 52.93

Avatar 45.36

The Twilight Saga 42.85

Shrek 42.03

Transformers 31.84

Toy Story 31.55

Jackass 24.57

Pirates of the Caribbean 23.46

Frozen 23.33

The Lion King 23.27

The Karate Kid 21.81

Kung Fu Panda 21.43

Twilight 20.86

The Hunger Games 20.49

16 Description: As of January 2023, the Harry Potter series held the top spot as the top movie (series) on Facebook with with 72.26 million fans, followed by Titanic with almost 52.93 million fans on the social network. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; January 2023
Source(s): Facebook; Trackalytics
CHAPTER 03

Film studios
 Market share of leading film studios in the United States and Canada from
2010 to 2021
Market share of film studios in the U.S. & Canada 2010-2021

Disney Sony / Columbia Universal Warner Bros. United Artists/MGM Paramount Lionsgate 20th Century Fox Others*
100%

90%

80%

70%

60%
Market share

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

18 Description: In 2021, Disney alone accounted for over one-fourth (25.5 percent) of the box office revenue in the United States and Canada, thanks to blockbusters such as "Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings," Black Widow," and "Eternals." Sony/Columbia -
responsible for hits like "Spider-Man: No Way Home" and "Venom: Let There Be Carnage" - ranked second in box office market share at 23.1 percent. United Artists/MGM, run by Amazon, held a share of approximately seven percent that year. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2010 to 2021; * Statista calculated the 2021 figure based on the source's data. Market share is the respective studio's share of the total box office revenue. Percentage points exceeding or missing to 100 percent are [...] Read more
Source(s): Business Insider; comScore; Statista
 Combined market share of the "Big Five" major film studios in the United
States and Canada from 2000 to 2022
Combined market share of major film distributors in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2022

90%

85% 83.8% 84.3% 83.9%

82.6%
81.6%
80.7% 80.7% 80.7% 80.5% 81%
79.8% 80.1%
79.2% 79.2%
80%
Market share

76.1%
75.4%
74.2%
75%
72.3%

70% 70%
69.2%
70%
67.4%
66.5%

65%

60%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

19 Description: The largest film distributors in the United States - Disney, Paramount, Sony, Universal, and Warner Bros. - are collectively known as the "Big Five." The group was referred to as the "Big Six" when it included 20th Century Fox, acquired by Disney at the end
of the 2010s. Altogether, these corporations held 81 percent of the market share throughout 2022, which is a return to highs of a decade earlier. Read more
Note(s): Canada, Puerto Rico, United States; 2000 to 2022; includes the U.S. unincorporated territory of Guam
Source(s): Statista; the-numbers.com
 Box office market share of Universal in the United States and Canada from
2000 to 2021
Box office market share of Universal in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2021

25%

21.9%
21.3%

20%

16%
14.9%
15% 14.1% 13.8%
Market share

13.1% 13.4%
12.2% 12.4%
11.7% 11.6% 11.4% 11.4% 11%
10.7%
10.2%
9.5% 9.5%
10% 8.9%
8.4% 8.3%

5%

0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

20 Description: In 2021, Universal accounted for approximately 16 percent of the box office revenue in the United States and Canada. In the previous year, the film studio - run by Comcast - concentrated nearly 22 percent of the box office revenue in those two North
American countries. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2000 to 2021
Source(s): CNBC; comScore
 Box office market share of Warner Bros. in the United States and Canada
from 2000 to 2021
Box office market share of Warner Bros. in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2021

20%

15%
Market share

10%

5%

0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

21 Description: In 2021, Warner Bros. accounted for around 15 percent of the box office revenue in the United States and Canada, up from 11.7 percent in the previous year. Between 2008 and 2013, the studio's market share in those North American countries stood
consistently above 15 percent. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2000 to 2021
Source(s): CNBC; comScore
 Box office market share of Disney in the United States and Canada from
2000 to 2022
Box office market share of Disney in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2022

35%

30%

25%
Market share

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

22 Description: In 2022, Disney alone accounted for over one-fourth of the box office revenue in the United States and Canada, up from less than 12 percent in 2020. The 2022 figure includes releases from its subsidiary studios such as Disney, 20th Century, and
Searchlight Pictures. The overall number of movie tickets sold in the U.S. and Canada increased by more than 120 percent between 2020 and 2021. Read more
Note(s): 2000 to 2022
Source(s): comScore; Deadline.com
 Box office market share of Paramount in the United States and Canada
from 2000 to 2021
Box office market share of Paramount in the U.S. & Canada 2000-2021

20% 19.2%

16.4% 16.2%
15.5%
15% 13.9%
Market share

11%
10.4% 10.3% 10.2%
10% 9.4%
8.9%
8.5% 8.5%
7.4% 7.7%
7.1%
6.7% 6.4%
5.9% 6.1%
4.8% 5%
5%

0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021*

23 Description: In 2021, Paramount accounted for approximately 6.1 percent of the box office revenue in the United States and Canada, down from 8.5 percent in the previous year. Meanwhile, the box office market share of Warner Bros. in the U.S. & Canada went from
11.7 percent in 2020 to 15 percent in 2021. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2000 to 2021; * Figure calculated by Statista based on the data provided by the source. Data prior to 2021 was retrieved from earlier releases. Numbers have been rounded. Read more
Source(s): comScore; Deadline.com; Statista
CHAPTER 04

Movie theaters & tickets

 Leading cinema circuits in the United States and Canada as of March 2023,
by number of screens
Leading cinema circuits in U.S. & Canada 2023, by number of screens

Number of screens
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000

AMC Entertainment Inc. 7,712

Regal Cinemas (Cineworld Group PLC) 6,474

Cinemark 4,392

Cineplex Entertainment LP 1,641

Marcus Theatres Corp. 1,053

B&B Theatres 529

Harkins Theatres 487

Landmark Cinemas of Canada Inc. / MJR Theatres (Kinepolis Group N.V.) 356

Malco Theatres Inc. 344

National Amusements, Inc. 326

CMX Cinemas 317

25 Description: As of March 2023, AMC Theatres was the leading cinema circuit in the United States and Canada, with 7.71 thousand screens spread across both countries. Regal and Cinemark followed with around 6.47 thousand and 4.39 thousand movie theater
screens, respectively. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; as of March 6, 2023
Source(s): National Association of Theatre Owners
 Number of cinema sites in the United States from 1995 to 2020
Number of cinema sites in the U.S. 1995-2020

8,000

7,500
Number of cinema sites

7,000

6,500

6,000

5,500

5,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

26 Description: In 2020, there were 5,798 cinema sites in the United States, a similar amount to the 5,773 recorded a decade earlier. However, a look at the figures during the mid to late 1990s shows that there has been a significant decrease in the number of cinema
sites in the U.S., dropping from 7,744 in 1995 to just over 6,100 in 2005. With the increasing take-up of streaming services, leaked movie files available online and rising movie theater ticket prices, the gradually decreasing amount of cinema [...] Read more
Note(s): United States; 1995 to 2020; includes indoor and drive-in cinema
Source(s): National Association of Theatre Owners
 Number of indoor cinema sites in the United States from 1995 to 2020
Number of indoor cinema sites in the U.S. 1995-2020

7,500

7,000
Number of indoor cinema sites

6,500

6,000

5,500

5,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

27 Description: In 2020, there were 5,477 indoor cinema sites in the United States. This was a decrease of nearly 70 indoor cinemas compared to the previous year. Overall, the number significantly declined during the past three decades. Read more
Note(s): United States; 1995 to 2020
Source(s): National Association of Theatre Owners
 Number of drive-in cinema sites in the United States from 1995 to 2020
Number of drive-in cinema sites in the U.S. 1995-2020

650

593
600 583 577
Number of drive-in cinema sites

550 524

500

446 442 440

450 432

400 402 401 396 393 393

400 383 383 381 374
366 366
349 349 349
350
321 321 321

300

250
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

28 Description: The number of drive-in cinema sites in the United States remained at 321 in 2020, the same as in the previous years. The figure tends to remain the same for years at a time, and is always far lower than the number of indoor sites, which make up the vast
majority of cinemas in the country. Read more
Note(s): United States; 1995 to 2020
Source(s): National Association of Theatre Owners
 Number of digital 3D screens in the United States and Canada from 2007
to 2021
Number of digital 3D screens in the U.S. & Canada 2007-2021

18,000

16,000

14,000

12,000
Number of screens

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

29 Description: In 2021, there were approximately 14.7 thousand digital 3D cinema screens in Canada and the United States, down from nearly 17 thousand in 2017. This represents a decline of more than 13 percent over four years. The number of 3D films released in
the U.S. and Canada declined by over 77 percent between 2017 and 2021. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2007 to 2021
Source(s): IHS Markit; MPAA; Omdia
 Number of movie screens in the United States and Canada from 2008 to
2021, by format
Number of cinema screens in the U.S. & Canada from 2008 to 2021, by format

Analog Digital non 3D Digital 3D

50,000

45,000

40,000
1,427 3,269
4,088 7,837 16,284 14,706
35,000
4,149 12,935 13,559 15,511 15,136
Number of screens

14,483 14,795 15,077 15,318 15,530

30,000
6,898
25,000

20,000 12,686
33,319 31,815 19,570
15,000 22,319 27,176
23,617 24,806 25,434 27,827
24,812 24,361 24,205 24,579
10,000
13,959
5,000
6,533
3,222 1,545 1,764
0 568 651 284 520 602 0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021*

30 Description: In 2021, there were about 43.65 thousand cinema screens in the United States and Canada, down from 44.11 thousand a year earlier - an annual decrease of one percent. Digital 3D movie screens added up to almost 14.71 thousand in 2021, accounting
for little more than one-third of the total number of cinema screens in the so-called North American movie market. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2008 to 2021; * In 2021, the source referred to analog screens as "Unclassified", meaning all screens that were not able to be classified as digital. Data prior to 2021 was retrieved from earlier releases. Read more
Source(s): IHS Markit; MPAA; Omdia
 Number of movie tickets sold in the United States and Canada from 1980
to 2023 (in millions)
Tickets sold at box offices in the U.S. & Canada1980-2023

1,800

1,600
Number of tickets sold in millions

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
31 Description: Throughout 2023, movie theaters in the United States and Canada managed to sell around 825.2 million tickets, which is a bit more than the 2022 figure of 812.79 million tickets and a significant increase compared to the 2021 total of 492.34 million tickets.
However, despite the growth, the 2023 figure still falls short of the nearly 1.23 billion movie tickets sold in 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world. outbreak. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 1980 to 2023; including Guam and Puerto Rico
Source(s): the-numbers.com
 Average ticket price at movie theaters in the United States from 2001 to
2021 (in U.S. dollars)
Ticket price at U.S. movie theaters 2001-2021

12

10 9.37 9.57
8.97 9.11 9.16
8.43 8.65
7.96 8.13 8.17
7.89 7.93
8 7.5
Price in U.S. dollars

7.18
6.88
6.41 6.55
6.03 6.21
5.66 5.81
6

0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*

32 Description: In 2021, the average price of a movie ticket in the United States added up to 9.57 U.S. dollars, up from 8.65 dollars in 2016. This represents an increase of nearly 11 percent over half a decade. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2001 to 2021; * According to the source, for 2020 and 2021, average ticket prices were calculated based on the average annual change in ticket price over the past five years. Data prior to 2021 was retrieved from earlier releases. Read more
Source(s): MPAA; National Association of Theatre Owners
CHAPTER 05

Audience
 Consumer expenditure on admissions to motion picture theaters in the
United States from 1999 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Consumer spending on movie tickets in the U.S. 1999-2022

16
14.33
13.9 13.75
14 13.31 13.43
12.75 12.92
12.28 12.35
11.83
Expenditure in billion U.S. dollars

12 11.36
10.89 11.11
10.37
9.91 9.95 9.74
9.6
10 8.99
8.61
7.95
8
6.54

4 3.34
2.91

0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

34 Description: In 2022, consumers in the United States collectively spent nearly 6.54 billion U.S. dollars on movie tickets, up from 2.91 billion dollars a year earlier. Mirroring this increase in consumer spending, box office gross in the U.S. and Canada - also known as the
North American movie market - almost doubled in 2022. Read more
Note(s): United States; 1999 to 2022
Source(s): Archival FRED; BEA
 Year-over-year percentage change in weekly consumer spending on movie
theaters in the United States from January to July 2021
Consumer spending growth rate on movie theaters in the U.S. 2021, by week

2021 vs. 2020 2021 vs. 2019

140,000%
119,778%
120,000%
105,541%
98,009% 99,309%
100,000%
Year-over-year change

81,187%
80,000% 69,475%
57,532%
60,000% 51,986%
46,824%
40,160%
40,098%
34,673% 34,958%
40,000% 27,837%
23,279%
18,513%
20,000% 11,093%
-88%
-89% -88% -90% -88%
-93% -89% -66% -84%
-89% -76% -86% -85% -73%
-85% -88% -67% -83% -60%455%
-66% -83% -80% -79% -64% -63% -74% -81% -84% -84% -82% -83% -59% -43% -48% -69% -46% -63% -43% -55%
0%

-20,000%
Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Feb Feb Feb Feb Mar Mar Mar Mar Apr Apr Apr Apr May May May May May Jun Jun Jun Jun Jul 4, Jul Jul
3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 7, 14, 21, 28, 7, 14, 21, 28, 4, 11, 18, 25, 2, 9, 16, 23, 30, 6, 13, 20, 27, 2021 11, 18,
2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021 2021

35 Description: Consumer spending on movie theaters in the United States increased by 81,187 percent in the week ending July 18, 2021 when compared to the same period of the previous year. When comparing 2021 figures to 2019, U.S. consumer spending on movie
theaters fell by 55 percent in the same calendar week. Read more
Note(s): United States; January 3 to July 18, 2021
Source(s): Facteus
 Distribution of the audiences of the highest-grossing movies in the United
States and Canada in 2021, by gender
Top films' audience distribution in the U.S. & Canada in 2021, by gender

Male Female
100%

90%

80% 41% 43% 40%

45%
70%
Audience share

60%

50%

40%

30% 59% 57% 60%

55%
20%

10%

0%
Spider-Man: No Way Home Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Venom: Let There Be Carnage Black Widow
Rings

36 Description: Around 59 percent of the people in the United States and Canada who saw "Spider-Man: No Way Home" - the highest-grossing movie in those two countries in 2021 - identified as male. Men also accounted for 60 percent of the people who watched
"Venom: Let There Be Carnage" at movie theaters. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2021
Source(s): MPAA; Various sources
 Distribution of the movie theater audience in the United States and
Canada from 2018 to 2021, by ethnicity
Movie theater audience in the U.S. & Canada 2018-2021, by ethnicity

Caucasian/White Hispanic/Latino African-American/Black Asian Other

100% 3% 3% 3% 3%
7% 6% 6% 6%
90%
12% 12% 13% 13%
80%

70% 18%
20%
Share of moviegoers

23% 24%
60%

50%

40%

30% 58% 61%

55% 54%
20%

10%

0%
2018 2019 2020 2021

37 Description: In 2021, approximately 54 percent of moviegoers in the United States and Canada identified as Caucasian and/or White. Viewers who identified as Hispanic and/or Latino accounted for 24 percent of the total. Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; 2018 to 2021
Source(s): MPAA
 Share of consumers paying to watch first-run movies that skipped theater on VOD
services due to the coronavirus in the United States from July 2020 to June 2021
First-run movie consumption on VOD platforms during the pandemic U.S. 2020-2021

35% 33%

30%
30%

25% 24%
Share of respondents

20% 19%

15%

10%

5%

0%
Jul 2020 Nov 2020 Feb 2021 Jun 2021

38 Description: A survey revealed that more and more consumers pay to watch premium video-on-demand films that skipped the cinemas because of the coronavirus outbreak. According to a June 2021 survey one third said they did so, up from 19 percent in July 2020.
Due to the pandemic and the following theater closures, movie studios were forced to release their content on streaming services for the first time rather than in cinemas. Read more
Note(s): United States; July 2020 to June 2021; 3,000 respondents; 14-74 years; watch at least one hour of TV per week
Source(s): Hub Entertainment Research; MarketingCharts
 Frequency of going to see a movie in theaters among adults in the United
States from before the COVID-19 outbreak to April 2022
Frequency of going to the movies before and after COVID-19 in the U.S. 2022

Often Sometimes Rarely Never

100%
15%
90%

80%
26% 52%
70% 62% 57%
Share of respondents

60%

50%

40% 38%
21%
30% 20% 24%

20%
21%
10% 21% 15% 15%

3% 3% 6%
0%
Before the COVID-19 pandemic began March - December 2020 January - December 2021 January - April 2022
in March 2020

39 Description: During an online survey fielded in the United States in April and May 2022, respondents were asked to report their moviegoing frequency in different moments of the past few years. Approximately 21 percent of the interviewees said they went to the
movies often before the COVID-19 outbreak started, while 38 percent stated that they sometimes went to see a film in theaters before the pandemic began. The shares stood at six and 21 percent, respectively, during the first four months of 2022. [...] Read more
Note(s): United States; April 30 to May 3, 2022; 2,210 respondents; 18 years and older
Source(s): Morning Consult
 Level of ease with going to see a movie in theaters among adults in the
United States as of May 2022
Level of ease with going to see a movie in theaters among adults in the U.S. 2022

40%

35%
35%

30%
30%
Share of respondents

25%

20%

15%
15% 14%

10%

5%
5%

0%
Very comfortable Somewhat comfortable Not very comfortable Not comfortable at all Don`t know / No opinion

40 Description: As of May 2022, almost two-thirds of adults surveyed online in the United States said they felt at least somewhat comfortable going to see a film in theaters. Nearly 30 percent of respondents stated that they were not very comfortable or not comfortable
at all with the idea. According to the same study, 36 percent of Gen Z adults considered the COVID-19 pandemic a very important factor to decide on whether or not to go to the movies in the U.S. Read more
Note(s): United States; April 30 to May 3, 2022; 2,210 respondents; 18 years and older
Source(s): Morning Consult
 Leading reasons why infrequent moviegoers do not regularly go to see the
movies in theaters in the United States as of May 2022
Reasons why infrequent moviegoers do not regularly go to the movies in the U.S. 2022

Major reason Minor reason Not a reason at all

100%

90% 18% 19%

34%
80% 39%

70%
Share of respondents

27%
32%
60%

50% 25% 34%

40%

30%
55%
50%
20% 36% 32%
10%

0%
I'm more interested in watching It's too expensive to see movies in I'm concerned about the COVID-19 I'm not interested in the films
movies at home theaters pandemic currently in theaters

41 Description: As of May 2022, around 55 percent of adult internet users surveyed in the United States said a major reason why they rarely or never went to the movies was that they were more interested in watching films at home. The most mentioned minor reason,
cited by 34 percent of respondents, was a lack of interest in the movies in theaters. Almost four out of five interviewees stated that concerns with the COVID-19 pandemic were not a reason at all. The number of movie tickets sold in the [...] Read more
Note(s): United States; April 30 to May 3, 2022; 1,297 respondents; 18 years and older
Source(s): Morning Consult
 Leading factors for Gen Z to decide on whether or not see movies in
theaters in the United States as of May 2022
Top factors for Gen Z to decide on whether or not go to the movies in the U.S. 2021

Share of respondents
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

The films available to see in theaters 61%

The audio/visual quality of the films 50%

The price of the movie theater tickets 48%

The quality of the service at the movie theater 41%

The physical comfort of the seats at the movie theater 40%

The COVID-19 pandemic 36%

The ability to book specific seats in advance 27%

The ability to have food and beverages brought to your seat 19%

The option to be a rewards member at your favorite theater 16%

The option to order alcoholic beverages at the movie theater 15%

The availability of 4DX at the movie theater 14%

The option to use a ticket subscription service 11%

42 Description: As of May 2022, approximately 61 percent of adult members of Generation Z surveyed online in the United States said the films available in theaters were a very important factor when considering whether or not to go to the movies. The audio/visual
quality of the film and the movie ticket price followed, mentioned by 50 and 48 percent of respondents, respectively. Read more
Note(s): United States; April 30 to May 3, 2022; 241 respondents; 18-25 years; share of respondents deeming each factor "very important"
Source(s): Morning Consult
CHAPTER 06

Workforce
 Total employment in the motion picture and sound recording industries in
the United States from 2001 to 2023 (in 1,000s)
Employment in the motion picture & sound recording industries in the U.S. 2001-2023

500

450

400

350
Employment in 1,000s

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

44 Description: According to recent data of U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, it appears that the motion picture and sound recording industries in the United States have seen a steady increase in employment over the past few years, except for 2021, which was likely
impacted by the COVID-19. As of January 2023, there were approximately 452.8 thousand people working in these industries, which is up 2.3 percent from the previous year's figure of 443.1 thousand employees. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2001 to 2023; as of January of the respective year
Source(s): Bureau of Labor Statistics
 Average hourly earnings of all employees in the motion picture and sound
recording industries in the United States from 2007 to 2022 (in U.S. dollars)
Hourly wages in the motion picture & recording industries in the U.S. 2007-2022

45 42.61 42.43
41.23
40 37.78
35.64
Average hourly earnings in U.S. dollars

35 34.02
31.84
29.64 30.26 29.9
30 27.98 28.02 27.68 27.72
26.18 26.01
25

20

15

10

0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

45 Description: In 2022, the average hourly income for employees in the motion picture and recording industries in the United States was 42.43 U.S. dollars, up 2.91 percent from 41.23 U.S. dollars a year earlier. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2007 to 2022
Source(s): Bureau of Labor Statistics
 Best-paid actors worldwide as of August 2021, by income (in million U.S.
dollars)
Best-paid actors worldwide 2021, by income

Annual income in million U.S. dollars

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Daniel Craig 100

Dwayne Johnson 50

Will Smith 40

Denzel Washington 40

Leonardo DiCaprio 30

Mark Wahlberg 30

Jennifer Lawrence 25

Julia Roberts 25

46 Description: As of August 2021, Daniel Craig was the best-paid actor worldwide with an estimated income of 100 million U.S. dollars after, earlier that year, Netflix bought the rights for two sequels of "Knives Out" (2019). The sum includes an estimated back-end box
office participation, considering how much each movie released on streaming would have grossed in theaters. Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson followed with 50 million dollars after Amazon Studios acquired the rights for his upcoming film "Red One." Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; as of August 18, 2021; including video streaming back-end buyouts
Source(s): Variety; Various sources
 Highest-grossing leading actors of all time in the United States and Canada as of
August 2023, by cumulative domestic box office revenue (in billion U.S. dollars)
All-time top-grossing actors in the U.S. & Canada 2023, by total domestic box revenue

Cumulative box office gross in billion U.S. dollars

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Samuel L. Jackson 5.72

Robert Downey Jr. 5.47

Scarlett Johansson 5.32

Chris Pratt 5.26

Tom Hanks 5.16

Zoe Saldana 5.04

Tom Cruise 4.82

Bradley Cooper 4.66

Chris Hemsworth 4.3

Harrison Ford 4.23

Chris Evans 4.09

Vin Diesel 3.96

Johnny Depp 3.69

Dwayne Johnson 3.63

Eddie Murphy 3.58

47 Description: As of August 2023, Samuel L. Jackson was the highest-grossing leading actor in the United States and Canada, which combined are known as the North American movie market. Movies featuring Jackson as a protagonist collectively amassed 5.72 billion
U.S. dollars domestically. Robert Downey Jr. and Scarlett Johansson followed as their filmographies grossed 5.47 and 5.32 billion dollars at the North American box office, respectively. Meanwhile, the list of top-grossing film directors of all [...] Read more
Note(s): Canada, United States; as of August 01, 2023
Source(s): the-numbers.com
 Distribution of lead actors in movies in the United States from 2011 to
2022, by gender
Distribution of lead actors in movies in the U.S. 2011-2022, by gender

Male Female
100%

90%
25.6% 25.3% 25.8% 29%
30.8% 31.2% 32.9%
80% 41% 38.6%
44.1% 47.2%
47.8%
70%

60%
Distribution

50%

40%
74.4% 74.7% 74.2% 71%
69.2% 68.8% 67.1%
30% 59% 60.2%
55.9% 52.8%
50.5%
20%

10%

0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

48 Description: A 2022 report found that 38.6 percent of lead actors in films in the United States that year were female. A decade earlier, the share stood at 25.6 percent. Despite the overall growth, the 2022 figure marks the first decrease since 2013. Throughout the
second half of the 2010s, not more than 30 percent of Academy Award-winning movies had a female lead actor, according to the same study. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2011 to 2022
Source(s): Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramón); University of California (Social Sciences)
 Distribution of lead actors in movies in the United States from 2011 to
2022, by ethnicity
Distribution lead actors in films in the U.S. 2011-2022, by ethnicity

White Minority
100%
10.5% 12.9% 13.6% 13.9%
15.1% 16.7%
90% 19.8% 21.6%
26.6% 27.6%
80% 39.7% 38.9%

70%

60%
Distribution

50%
89.5% 87.1% 86.4% 86.1%
84.9% 83.3%
40% 80.2% 78.4%
73.4% 72.4%
30% 60.3% 61.1%

20%

10%

0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

49 Description: After reaching an all-time high in 2020, the share of lead actors in movies in the United States that the source identified as people of color experienced a decrease in 2022, standing just above 21 percent. A decade earlier, approximately 10.5 percent of the
lead actors in U.S. films were not white. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2011 to 2022
Source(s): Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramón); University of California (Social Sciences)
 Highest-grossing film directors of all time worldwide as of February 2023,
by cumulative global box office gross (in billion U.S. dollars)
Highest-grossing film directors worldwide 2023, by cumulative global box office gross

Cumulative worldwide box office revenue in billion U.S. dollars

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Steven Spielberg 10.67

James Cameron 8.56

Anthony Russo 6.84

Joe Russo 6.84

Peter Jackson 6.54

Michael Bay 6.5

David Yates 6.35

Christopher Nolan 4.96

J. J. Abrams 4.65

Tim Burton 4.41

Ridley Scott 4.37

Robert Zemeckis 4.36

Jon Favreau 4.32

Ron Howard 4.3

Sam Raimi 4.26

50 Description: As of February 2023, Steven Spielberg remained the highest-grossing film director in history, amassing over 10.67 billion U.S. dollars at the global box office throughout his career. James Cameron followed with 8.56 billion dollars thanks to the success of
Avater: The Way of Water. Read more
Note(s): Worldwide; as of February 13, 2023
Source(s): the-numbers.com
 Distribution of movie directors in the United States from 2011 to 2022, by
gender
Distribution of movie directors in the U.S. 2011-2022, by gender

Male Female
100%
4.1% 5.8% 6.3% 4.3% 7.7% 6.9% 7.1%
12.6% 15.1% 14.6%
90% 20.5% 21.8%

80%

70%
Share of directors

60%

50%
95.9% 94.2% 93.7% 95.7% 92.3% 93.1% 92.9%
87.4% 84.9% 85.4%
40% 78.9% 77.8%

30%

20%

10%

0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

51 Description: In 2022, women accounted for 14.6 percent of all movie directors in the United States. This figure marked an decrease compared to the previous year, which represented the highest share of female directors recorded in the past decade. Read more
Note(s): 2011 to 2022
Source(s): Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramón); University of California (Social Sciences)
 Share of independent films with female directors in Hollywood from 2008
to 2022
Share of indie movies with female directors in Hollywood 2008-2022

45%
40%
40% 39%
38%

35% 33%

30% 29% 29% 29%

28%
Share of women

25% 23%
22%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%
2008-09 2011-12 2013-14 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22

52 Description: From July 2021 to June 2022, women directed 40 percent of independent films made in Hollywood. A decade earlier, from July 2011 to June 2012, less than 30 percent of Hollywood's indie movies had female directors. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2008 to 2022; each period started in July and ended in June of the following year
Source(s): Center for the Study of Women in Television and Film; Expert(s) (Dr. Martha M. Lauzen)
 Distribution of movie directors in the United States from 2011 to 2022, by
ethnicity
Distribution of movie directors in the U.S. 2011-2022, by ethnicity

White Minority
100%
12.2% 11% 12.9% 10.1% 12.6% 12.6%
17.8% 14.4% 16.8%
90% 19.3%
25.4%
30.2%
80%

70%
Share of directors

60%

50%
87.8% 89% 87.1% 89.9% 87.4% 87.4%
82.2% 85.6% 83.2%
40% 80.7%
74.6%
69.8%
30%

20%

10%

0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

53 Description: In 2022, approximately 17 percent of film directors in the United States were part of ethnic minorities, while the remaining 83 percent were white, according to the source. A decade earlier, the shares stood at 12.2 and 87.8 percent, respectively. Read
more
Note(s): United States; 2011 to 2022
Source(s): Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramón); University of California (Social Sciences)
 Distribution of movie writers in the United States from 2011 to 2022, by
gender
Film writers' gender distribution in the U.S. 2011-2022

Male Female
100%
13% 12.9% 9.2% 13% 12.6%
14.1% 13.8% 14.8% 17.4%
90%
26% 27%
33.5%
80%

70%
Share of writers

60%

50%
87% 87.1% 90.8% 87% 87.4%
85.9% 86.2% 85.2% 82.6%
40%
73.5% 73%
66.1%
30%

20%

10%

0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

54 Description: In 2022, little more than one-quarter (27 percent) of movie writers in the United States were women - a slight decrease in comparison to the previous year. Similarly, the share of female film directors in the U.S. decreased in 2022 compared to the previous
year. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2011 to 2022
Source(s): Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramon, Michael Tran); University of California (Social Sciences)
 Distribution of movie writers in the United States from 2011 to 2022, by
ethnicity
Distribution of movie writers in the U.S. 2011-2022, by ethnicity

White Minority
100%
7.6% 7.8% 8% 5.3% 8.1% 7.8%
11.8% 10.4% 13.9% 12.4%
90%
25.9%
32.3%
80%

70%
Share of writers

60%

50%
92.4% 92.2% 92% 94.7% 91.9% 92.2%
88.2% 89.6% 86.1% 87.6%
40%
74.1%
67.7%
30%

20%

10%

0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

55 Description: In 2022, 12.4 percent of film writers in the United States were part of ethnic minorities, whereas the remaining 87.6 percent were white, according to the source. A decade earlier, the shares stood at 7.6 and 92.4 percent, respectively. More than 80
percent of movie directors in the U.S. were white in 2022. Read more
Note(s): United States; 2011 to 2022
Source(s): Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramón); University of California (Social Sciences)
 Sources

Archival FRED MPAA

BEA National Association of Theatre Owners
Box Office Mojo Omdia
British Film Institute Statista
Bureau of Labor Statistics the-numbers.com
Business Insider Trackalytics
Canacine University of California (Social Sciences)
Center for the Study of Women in Television and Film US Census Bureau
CNBC Variety
comScore Various sources
Deadline.com Wikipedia
Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramón) Yardbarker
Expert(s) (Dr. Darnell Hunt, Dr. Ana-Christina Ramon, Michael Tran)
Expert(s) (Dr. Martha M. Lauzen)
Facebook
Facteus
Hub Entertainment Research
IHS Markit
IHS Screen Digest
MarketingCharts
Morning Consult
Morning Consult (@MorningConsult)

56