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17 views

subnet mask

Uploaded by

Nushail Ziyadh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question 1:

Given two devices with IP addresses 10.10.10.1 and 10.20.5.3, and both using
the subnet mask 255.0.0.0, determine whether these devices belong to the same
network or different networks.
Explain your answer by calculating their network addresses.
Question 2:

Two devices have IP addresses 192.168.5.10 and 192.168.6.15. Both are using the
subnet mask 255.255.255.0. Determine whether these devices belong to the same
network or different networks.
Question 3:

Two devices have IP addresses 172.16.20.5 and 172.16.30.8. Both devices use
the subnet mask 255.255.0.0. Determine whether these devices belong to the
same network or different networks.
What is classless addressing?

● Classless addressing is an IPv4 addressing architecture that uses


variable-length subnet masking.

● A classless IP address is an IP address that does not adhere to


the traditional class-based (Class A, B, C) network system.
Instead, it uses Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
notation, which allows for more flexible and efficient use of IP
addresses

CIDR Notation:

● Classless IP addresses use CIDR notation, which combines the IP address


with a slash (/) and a number that indicates the number of bits in the
subnet mask.
● Example: 192.168.10.1/24, where /24 means the first 24 bits are
used for the network portion, and the remaining bits are used for hosts.

Example:

● A classless IP address 172.16.10.5/26 means:


○ The first 26 bits are the network portion, leaving 6 bits for hosts.
○ This subnet can have a maximum of 26=642^6 = 6426=64
addresses (62 usable addresses after accounting for the network
and broadcast addresses).
04. Your router has the following IP address on Ethernet0: 172.16.2.1/23.
Which of the following can be valid host IDs on the LAN interface attached to
the router?
I. 172.16.1.100
II. 172.16.1.198
III. 172.16.2.255
IV. 172.16.3.0
05. Explain the characteristics and address components of the IP address
10.16.3.65/23. Analyze each of the following statements, and determine which
two statements correctly describe this IP address. Provide justifications for
your answers.

1. The subnet address is 10.16.3.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.254.0.


2. The lowest host address in the subnet is 10.16.2.1 with a subnet mask of
255.255.254.0.
3. The last valid host address in the subnet is 10.16.2.254 with a subnet mask
of 255.255.254.0.
4. The broadcast address of the subnet is 10.16.3.255 with a subnet mask of
255.255.254.0.

In your answer, calculate the network, broadcast, and valid host range for the
subnet 10.16.3.65/23, and evaluate each statement for accuracy. Describe the
method used to identify the network and broadcast addresses, including how
subnet masks and IP ranges are applied to find valid host addresses within a
subnet.
06.Given the IP address 10.145.100.6 with a subnet mask of /27, identify
the host range of the subnet to which this IP address belongs. Explain in
detail the steps taken to determine the network address, the range of valid
host addresses, and the broadcast address for this subnet.

In your answer, consider the following:

1. Subnet Mask Calculation: Explain how the /27 subnet mask


(255.255.255.224) affects the division of the IP address into network and
host portions.
2. Network Address Identification: Describe the process to determine the
network address by performing a bitwise AND operation between the IP
address and subnet mask.
3. Host Range Determination: Outline the steps to find the range of valid
host addresses within the subnet, starting from the address immediately
after the network address and ending at the address immediately before
the broadcast address.
4. Broadcast Address Identification: Define the broadcast address for this
subnet and explain its role within the IP address range.

Answer

Step 1: Understanding the Subnet Mask


The IP address given, 10.145.100.6/27, has a subnet mask of /27, which
translates to:
In binary,
11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
255.255.255.224
This mask indicates that the first 27 bits are the network portion, and
the remaining 5 bits are available for host addresses.

Step 2: Determine the Network Address

To find the network address, we perform a bitwise AND operation between the
IP address and the subnet mask:

To find the network address, we perform a bitwise AND operation between the
IP address and the subnet mask:

IP address (in binary): 10.145.100.6

00001010.10010001.01100100.00000110

Subnet mask:

11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

Performing the bitwise AND operation on each octet, we get:

00001010.10010001.01100100.00000000

This gives us the network address:

10.145.100.0
Step 3: Determine the Broadcast Address

The broadcast address is found by setting all host bits (last 5 bits) to 1:

10.145.100.0 -> 00001010.10010001.01100100.00011111

In decimal, this results in:

10.145.100.31

Step 4: Calculate the Valid Host Range

The valid host range falls between the network address and the broadcast
address. Thus, the host range starts from the address right after the network
address and ends with the address right before the broadcast address:

● First usable host: 10.145.100.1


● Last usable host: 10.145.100.30

Valid Host Range: 10.145.100.1 to 10.145.100.30

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