Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion

 Marked Questions can be used as Revision Questions.

PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Calorimetry
A-1. In the following equation calculate the value of H.
1 kg steam at 200ºC = H + 1 kg water at 100ºC (Ssteam = Constant = 0.5 Cal/gm°C)

A-2. From what height should a piece of ice (0°C) fall so that it melts completely? Only one-quarter of the
energy produced is absorbed by the ice as heat. (Latent heat of ice = 3.4 × 10 5 J kg–1, g = 10 m/s2)

A-3. A copper cube of mass 200g slides down on a rough inclined plane of inclination 37º at a constant speed.
Assume that any loss in mechanical energy goes into the copper block as thermal energy. Find the increase
in the temperature of the block as it slides down 60 cm. Specific heat capacity of copper = 420 J/kg-K.

A-4. A paddle wheel is connected with a block of mass 10 kg as shown in figure.

The wheel is completely immersed in liquid of heat capacity 4000 J/K. The
container is adiabatic. For the time interval in which block goes down 1 m
slowly calculate
(a) Work done on the liquid
(b) Heat supplied to the liquid
(c) Rise in the temperature of the liquid
Neglect the heat capacity of the container and the paddle. (g =10 m/s 2)

A-5 300 g of water at 25ºC is added to 100 g of ice at 0ºC. Find the final temperature of the mixture. [1989; 2M]

Section (B) : Thermal Expansion

B-1. The temperature of a metal ball is raised. Arrange the percentage change in volume, surface area and
radius in ascending order.

B-2. A brass disc fits in a hole in a steel plate. Would you heat or cool the system to loosen the disc from the
hole? Assume that s b.

B-3. Temperature of plate is increased by  then find new

R1

R2

(a) inner radius

(b) outer radius
(c) the difference in outer and inner radius and show that it is positive
(d) area of plate material (assume coefficient of expansion is  )

B-4. We have a hollow sphere and a solid sphere of equal radii and of the same material. They are heated
to raise their temperature by equal amounts. How will the change in their volumes, due to volume
expansions, be related? Consider two cases (i) hollow sphere is filled with air, (ii) there is vacuum
inside the hollow sphere.
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
B-5 What should be the sum of lengths of an aluminium and steel rod at 0oC is, so that at all temperatures
their difference in length is 0.25m. (Take coefficient of linear expansion for aluminium and steel at 0°C
as 22 × 10–6 /oC and 11 × 10–6 /oC respectively.)

B-6 A steel tape is correctly calibrated at 20 oC and is used to measure the length of a table at 30°C. Find
the percentage error in the measurement of length. [steel = 11 × 10–6/ oC]

Section (C) : Temperature

C-1. The figure shows three temperature scales with the freezing and boiling points of water indicated.

(a) Rank the size of a degree on these scales, greatest first.

(b) Rank the following temperatures, highest first : 50ºX, 50ºW and 50ºY.

C-2 . What is the temperature at which we get the same reading on both the centigrade and Fahrenheit scales?

PART - II : SINGLE CHOICE OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Section (A) : Calorimetry
A-1. A small quantity, mass m, of water at a temperature (inºC) is poured on to a large mass M of ice
which is at its melting point. f c is the specific heat capacity of water and L the latent heat of fusion of
ice, then the mass of ice melted is given by :
ML mc Mc mc
(A) (B) (C) (D)
mc ML L L

A-2. A thermally isolated vessel contains 100 g of water at 0ºC. When air above the water is pumped out,
some of the water freezes and some evaporates at 0ºC itself. Then the mass of the ice formed if no
water is left in the vessel. Latent heat of vaporization of water at 0ºC = 2.10 × 10 6 J/kg and latent heat
of fusion of ice = 3.36 × 105 J/kg.
(A) 86.2 g (B) 13.8 g (C) 76.2 g (D) 65.6 g

A-3. 20 gm ice at –10 ºC is mixed with m gm steam at 100 ºC. Minimum value of m so that finally all ice and
steam converts into water. (Use sice = 0.5 cal/gmºC, swater =1 cal/gmºC, L(melting)=80 cal/gm and L
(vaporization) = 540 cal/gm)
85 85 32 64
(A) gm (B) gm (C) gm (D) gm
32 64 85 85

A-4. 2 kg ice at – 20 ºC is mixed with 5 kg water at 20 ºC. Then final amount of water in the mixture will be :
[Specific heat of ice = 0.5 cal/gm ºC, Specific heat of water = 1 cal/gm ºC, Latent heat of fusion of
ice = 80 cal/gm ] [JEE-2003 (Scr.), 3/84,–1]
(A) 6 kg (B) 7 kg (C) 3.5 kg (D) 5 kg
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
Section (B) : Thermal Expansion
B-1. Two large holes are cut in a metal sheet. If this is heated, distances AB and BC, (as shown)

(A) both will increase (B) both will decrease

(C) AB increases, BC decreases (D) AB decreases, BC increases

B-2. A steel scale is to be prepared such that the millimeter intervals are to be accurate within 6 × 10–5 mm.
The maximum temperature variation from the temperature of calibration during the reading of the
millimeter marks is ( = 12 × 10–6 /ºC)
(A) 4.0°C (B) 4.5°C (C) 5.0°C (D) 5.5°C

B-3. Expansion during heating

(A) occurs only in a solid
(B) increases the density of the material
(C) decreases the density of the material
(D) occurs at the same rate for all liquids and solids.

B-4. f a bimetallic strip is heated, it will

(A) bend towards the metal with lower thermal expansion coefficient.
(B) bend towards the metal with higher thermal expansion coefficient.
(C) twist itself into helix.
(D) have no bending

B-5. Two rods, one of aluminium and the other made of steel, having initial length 1and 2 are connected
together to form a single rod of length 1 + 2. The coefficients of linear expansion for aluminium and
steel are a and s respectively. If the length of each rod increases by the same amount when their

1
temperature are raised by tºC, then find the ratio . [JEE-2003 (Scr.), 3/84,–1]
( 1  2 )

s a s a
(A) (B) (C) (D)
a s (a   s ) (a   s )

B-6. A liquid with coefficient of volume expansion  is filled in a container of a material having the coefficient
of linear expansion  .f the liquid overflows on heating, then –
(A)  > 3 (B)  < 3 (C)  = 3 (D) none of these

Section (C) : Temperature

C-1. A difference of temperature of 25º C is equivalent to a difference of :
(A) 45º F (B) 72º F (C) 32º F (D) 25º F
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
PART - III : MATCH THE COLUMN
1. A cylindrical isotropic solid of coefficient of linear expansion  and density  floats in a liquid of coefficient of
volume expansion  and density d as shown in the diagram

Column I Column II
(A) volume of cylinder inside the liquid remains constant (p)  = 0
(B) volume of cylinder outside the liquid remains constant (q)  = 2
d
(C) Height of cylinder outside the liquid remains constant (r)  = 3


d
(D) Height of cylinder inside the liquid remain constant (s)  = (2 +  )


2. In the following question column-I represents some physical quantities & column-II represents their
units, match them
Column  Column 
(A) Coefficient of linear expansion (p) Cal/°C
(B) Water equivalent (q) gm
(C) heat capacity (r) (°C)–1
(D) Specific heat (s) Cal/g°C

 Marked Questions can be used as Revision Questions.

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
1. A metal ball of specific gravity 4.5 and specific heat 0.1 cal/gm-°C is placed on a large slab of ice at
0°C. When ball’s temperature become 0°C then half of the ball sinks in the ice. The initial temperature
of the ball is : (Latent heat capacity of ice = 80 cal/g, specific gravity of ice = 0.9)
(A) 100 °C (B) 90 °C (C) 80 °C (D) 70 °C

2. In a steel factory it is found that to maintain M kg of iron in the molten state at its melting point an input
power P watt is required. When the power source is turned off, the sample completely solidifies in time
t second. The latent heat of fusion of iron is
(A) 2 Pt / M (B) Pt / 2M (C) Pt / M (D) PM / t

3. Steam at 100ºC is passed into 1.1 kg of water contained in a calorimeter of water equivalent 0.02 kg at
15ºC till the temperature of the calorimeter and its contents rises to 80ºC. The mass of the steam
condensed in kilogram is : [JEE 1986, 2]
(A) 0.130 (B) 0.065 (C) 0.260 (D) 0.135
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
4. If  is the moment of inertia of a solid body having -coefficient of linear expansion then the change in 
corresponding to a small change in temperature T is
1
(A) T (B) T (C) 2 T (D) 3 T
2

5. Two rods having length 1 and 2, made of materials with the linear coefficient of expansion 1 and 2,
were welded together. The equivalent coefficients of linear expansion for the obtained rod :

2 
1 2 1 1 1  2  2 1 1  2 2 1  1 2
2
(A ) (B) (C) (D)
1  2 1   2 1  2 1   2

6. The volume thermal expansion coefficient of an ideal gas at constant pressure is
1 1
(A) T (B) T2 (C) (D)
T T2
(Here T = absolute temperature of gas)

7. A metal ball immersed in water weighs w1 at 5ºC and w2 at 50ºC. The coefficient of cubical expansion of
metal is less than that of water. Then
(A) w1 > w2 (B) w1 < w2 (C) w1 = w2 (D) data is insufficient

8. A piece of metal floats on mercury. The coefficient of volume expansion of the metal and mercury are
1 & 2 respectively. If the temperatures of both mercury and the metal are increased by an amount T,
the fraction of the volume of the metal submerged in mercury changes by the factor of (Ratio of final
fraction to the initial fraction) [JEE 1991, 2]

1   2 T 1  1T
(A) (B) (C) 1 + ( + 2)T (D) None of these
1  1T 1   2 T

9. Two vertical glass tubes filled with a liquid are connected at their lower ends by a horizontal capillary
tube. One tube is surrounded by a bath containing ice and water at 0°C and the other by hot water at
t°C. The difference in the height of the liquid in the two columns is h, and the height of the column at
0°C is h0. Coefficient of volume expansion of the liquid is.

h 2 h 2h0 h0
(A) (B) (C) (D)
h0 t h0 t ht ht
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
10._ A small pond of depth 0.5 m deep is exposed to a cold winter with outside temperature of 263 K.
Thermal conductivity of ice is K = 2.2 W m –1 K–1, latent heat L = 3.4 × 105 Jkg–1 and density
 = 0.9 × 103 kgm–3. Take the temperature of the pond to be 273 K. The time taken for the whole pond
to freeze is about. [Olympiad (Stage-1) 2017]
(A) 20 days (B) 25 days (C) 30 days (D) 35 days
11._ Two rods identical in geometry but of different materials having co-efficient of thermal expansion 1 and
2 and Young’s modulii Y1 and Y2 respectively are fixed between two rigid massive walls. The rods are
heated such that they undergo the same increase in temperature. There is no bending of the rods. If
1 : 2 = 2 : 6 the thermal stresses developed in the two rods are equal provided Y 1 : Y2 is equal to :
(A) 2 : 3 (B) 1 : 1 (C) 3 : 1 (D) 4 : 9
12._ Two identical thin metal strips, one of aluminum and the other of iron are riveted together to form a
bimetallic strip. The temperature is raised by 50º C. If the central planes of the two strips are separated
by 2mm and the coefficients of thermal expansion of aluminum and iron are respectively 30 × 10 –6/0 C
and 10 × 10–6 /0 C the average radius of curvature of the bimetallic strip is about. [Olympiad 2014 (stage-1)]

(A) 50 cm (B) 100 cm (C) 150 cm (D) 200 cm

13._ Two thin rods of length l1 and l2 at a certain temperature are joined to each other end to end. The
composite rod is then heated through a temperature .The coefficients of linear expansion of the two
rods are 1 and  2 respectively. Then, the effective coefficient of linear expansion of the composite rod

is: [Olympiad 2015 (stage-1)]

1   2 l1 2  l21 l11  l2 2

(A) (B) 1. 2 (C) (D)
2 l1  l2 l1  l2

PART - II : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE

1. A pitcher contains 20 kg of water. 0.5 gm of water comes out on the surface of the
pitcher every second through the pores and gets evaporated taking energy from
the remaining water. Calculate the approximate time (in min) in which temperature
of the water decreases by 5ºC. Neglect backward heat transfer from the
atmosphere to the water. (Write the answer to the nearest integer)
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200J/KgºC
Latent heat of vaporization of water 2.27 × 106 J/Kg
2. How long does a 59 kw water heater take to raise the temperature of 150 L of water from 21°C to 38ºC
(in min)
3. The specifc heat of a substance varies with temperature according to c = 0.2 + 0.16 T + 0.024 T 2 with T
in °c and c is cal/gk. Find the energy (in cal) requied to raise the temp of 2g substance from 0° to 5°C.

4. 50g of Ice at 0°C is mixed with 200g of water at 0°C. 6 kcal heat is given to system [Ice + water]. Find
the temperature (in °C) of the system.
5. Earth receives 1400 W/m 2 of solar power. If all the solar energy falling on a lens of area 0.2 m 2 is
focused on to a block of ice of mass 280 grams, the time taken to melt the ice will be X × 10 sec. Find
the value of x. (Latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.3 x 105 J/kg) [JEE 1997, 2]

6. A 50 gm lead bullet, specific heat 0.02 cal/gm is initially at 30ºC. It is fired vertically upwards with a
speed of 840 m/sec & on returning to the starting level strikes a cake of ice at 0º C. How much ice is
melted. Assume that all energy is spent in melting only. [Latent heat of ice = 80 cal/gm]. Write the
answer (in gms) to nearest integer. [REE 1988, 5]
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
7. The temperature of 100 gm of water is to be raised from 24º C to 90º C by adding steam to it. Calculate
the mass of the steam (in gms) required for this purpose. [JEE 1996, 2]

8. An electrical heating coil was placed in a calorimeter containing 360 gm of water at 10º C. The coil
consumes energy at the rate of 90 watt. The water equivalent of the calorimeter and the coil is 40 gm.
Calculate what will be the temperature (in °C) of water after 10 minutes. Write the answer to nearest
integer. J = 4.2 Joules/cal. [REE 1985, 7]

9.

As a result of temp rise of 32° C, a bar with a crack at its centre buckles upward. If the fixed distance 0
is 4 m, and coefficient of linear expansion of bar in 25 × 10–6 °c–1.
Find the rise x (in cm) of the centre.

10. Level of a certain liquid at 0°C and 100° C are 0 and 10 mm on a given fixed
scale (as shown in fig.) coefficient of volume expansion this liquid varies with
 T 
temperature as  = 0  1   (where T in °C)
 100 
Find the level (in mm) of liquid at 48°C.

11. A simple seconds pendulum is constructed out of a very thin string of thermal coefficient of linear
expansion = 20 x 10–4 / oC and a heavy particle attached to one end. The free end of the string is
suspended from the ceiling of an elevator at rest. The pendulum keeps correct time at 0 oC. When the
temperature rises to 50oC, the elevator operator of mass 60kg being a student of Physics accelerates
the elevator vertically, to have the pendulum correct time. Find the apparent weight (kgwt) of the
operator when the pendulum keeps correct time at 50 oC. (Take g = 10 m/s2)

12. A steel rod 25 cm long has a cross-sectional area of 0.8 cm 2. The force required to stretch this rod by
the same amount as the expansion produced by heating it through 10°C is 10 X. Find the value of X ?
(Coefficient of linear expansion of steel is 10–5/°C and Young's modulus of steel is – 2 × 1010 N/m2.)
[JEE 1989, 3]

13. A one liter flask contains some mercury. It is found that at different temperatures the volume of air
inside the flask remains the same. The volume (in litre) of mercury in the flask is X/100. Find the value
of X Coefficient of linear expansion of glass = 9 × 10–6 /º C. Coefficient of volume expansion of
mercury = 1.8 × 10–4 /ºC. [JEE 1991, 3]

PART - III : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE

1. When two non reactive samples at different temperatures are mixed in an isolated container of
negligible heat capacity the final temperature of the mixture can be :
(A) lesser than lower or greater than higher temperature
(B) equal to lower or higher temperature
(C) greater than lower but lesser than higher temperature
(D) average of lower and higher temperatures
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
2. When m gm of water at 10°C is mixed with m gm of ice at 0°C, which of the following statements are
false?
(A) The temperature of the system will be given by the equation m × 80 + m × 1 × (T – 0) = m × 1 × (10 – T)
(B) Whole of ice will melt and temperature will be more than 0°C but lesser than 10°C
(C) Whole of ice will melt and temperature will be 0°C
(D) Whole of ice will not melt and temperature will be 0°C

3. Two identical beakers with negligible thermal expansion are filled with water to the same level at 4°C.
If one says A is heated while the other says B is cooled, then :
(A) water level in A must rise (B) water level in B must rise
(C) water level in A must fall (D) water level in B must fall

4. A bimetallic strip is formed out of two identical strips, one of copper and the other of brass. The
coefficients of linear expansion of the two metals are C and B. On heating, the temperature of the
strips goes up by T and the strip bends to form an arc of radius of curvature R. Then R is:
(A) Proportional to T (B) inversely proportional to T
(C) proportional to |B – C| (D) inversely proportional to |B – C|

5. There is a rectangular metal plate in which two cavities in the shape of rectangle and circle are made,
as shown with dimensions. P and Q are the centres of these cavities. On heating the plate, which of the
following quantities increase ?
b
P
a

R
Q
r

(A)  r2 (B) ab (C) R (D) b

6._ A metallic wire of length  is held between two supports under some tension. The wire is cooled through
°. Let Y be the Young's modulus,  the density and  the thermal coefficient of linear expansion of the
material of the wire. Therefore, the frequency of oscillations of the wire varies as
[OLYMPIAD-2016_STAGE-1]
1 
(A) Y (B)  (C) (D)


PART - IV : COMPREHENSION
Comprehension-1
A 0.60 kg sample of water and a sample of ice are placed in two compartments A and B that are
separated by a conducting wall, in a thermally insulated container. The rate of heat transfer from the
water to the ice though the conducting wall is constant P, until thermal equilibrium is reached. The
temperature T of the liquid water and the ice are given in graph as functions of time t. Temperature of
the compartments remain homogeneous during whole heat transfer process.
Given specific heat of ice = 2100 J/kg-K
Given specific heat of water = 4200 J/kg-K
Latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.3 × 105 J/kg
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion
40

water
20

T(°C) 0 t (min)

Ice
-20

20 40 60 80

1. The value of rate P is

(A) 42.0 W (B) 36.0 W (C) 21.0 W (D) 18.0 W
2. The initial mass of the ice in the container is equal to
(A) 0.36 kg (B) 1.2 kg (C) 2.4 kg (D) 3.6 kg

3. The mass of the ice formed due to conversion from the water till thermal equilibrium is reached, is equal to
(A) 0.12 kg (B) 0.15 kg (C) 0.25 kg (D) 0.40 kg

Comprehension-2
In a container of negligible heat capacity, 200 gm ice at 0°C and 100 gm steam at 100°C are added to
200 gm of water that has temperature 55°C. Assume no heat is lost to the surroundings and the
pressure in the container is constant 1.0 atm. (Latent heat of fusion of ice = 80 cal/gm, Latent heat of
vaporization of water = 540 cal/gm, Specific heat capacity of ice = 0.5 cal/gm-K, Specific heat capacity
of water = 1 cal/gm-K)

4. What is the final temperature of the system ?

(A) 48°C (B) 72°C (C) 94°C (D) 100°C

5. At the final temperature, mass of the total water present in the system, is
(A) 472.6 gm (B) 483.3 gm (C) 493.6 gm (D) 500 gm

6. Amount of the steam left in the system, is equal to

(A) 16.7 gm (B) 12.0 gm (C) 8.4 gm
(D) 0 gm, as there is no steam left.
Calorimetry & Thermal Expansion

EXERCISE-1 EXERCISE-2
PART-I PART-I
Section (A) 1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (A)
4. (C) 5. (C) 6. (C)
A-1. H = 590 kcal A-2. 136 km 7. (B) 8. (A) 9. (A)
3 10. (A) 11. (C) 12. (D)
A-3. = 8.6 × 10–3 ºC
350 13. (D)
A-4. (a) 100 J (b) 0 (c) 1/40 ºC
A-5 0ºC PART-II
1. 6 2. 3 3. 8
Section (B) 4. 8 5. 33 6. 53
B-1. %R < %A < %V 7. 12 8. 42 9. 8
10. 4 11. 66 12. 16
B-2. We will cool the system. 13. 15
B-3. (a) R1' = R1 (1 + ) (b) R'2 = R2 (1 + ) PART-III
(c) R – R = (R2 – R1) (1 + )
'
2
'
1 1. (BCD) 2. (ABC) 3. (AB)
2
(d) A =( R – R1 )(1 + 2) = A(1 + 2)
2
2 4. (BD) 5. (ABCD) 6. (ABCD)
B-4. (i) hollow sphere > solid sphere PART-IV
(ii) hollow sphere = solid sphere 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (B)
B-5. 0.75m B-6. 1.1 × 10–2 4. (D) 5. (B) 6. (A)
Section (C)
C-1. (a) All tie (b) 50ºX, 50ºY, 50ºW.
C-2 . – 40ºC or – 40ºF
PART-II
Section (A)
A-1. (D) A-2. (A) A-3. (A)
A-4. (A)
Section (B)
B-1. (A) B-2. (C) B-3. (C)
B-4. (A) B-5. (C) B-6. (A)
Section (C)
C-1. (A)
PART-III
1. (A) – (p) ; (B) – (r) ; (C) – (s) ; (D) – (q)
2. (A) – (r) ; (B) – (q) ; (C) – (p) ; (D) – (s)