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Colonialism types (S.S)

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6 views3 pages

Colonialism types (S.S)

Uploaded by

emenbutt791
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What are the types of colonialism and their characteristics

Steps
1
1. Settler Colonialism
Characteristics:

● Permanent Migration: Settler colonialism involves the migration of people from the
colonial power to the colonized territory with the intention of establishing permanent
settlements.
● Displacement of Indigenous Populations: Often involves the removal, displacement, or
eradication of the indigenous populations to make way for the settlers.
● Land Ownership: Settlers often take control of large tracts of land, changing ownership
from indigenous inhabitants to colonial settlers.

Examples: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States during colonization periods.
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2. Exploitation Colonialism
Characteristics:

● Resource Extraction: The main focus is on extracting resources (like minerals, crops)
and labor (enslaved or indentured) from the colony.
● Minimal Settlement: Few settlers from the colonizing nation; mostly administrators and
soldiers are present.
● Economic Exploitation: The economic benefits favor the colonizing power, often leading
to the economic underdevelopment of the colonized area.

Examples: Belgian Congo, British India, and parts of Southeast Asia under Dutch rule.
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3. Surrogate Colonialism
Characteristics:
● Indirect Control: The colonizing power rules through local, indigenous rulers or
administrations.
● Creation of a Local Elite:Often, education and privileges are afforded to a small group of
local elites who serve as intermediates

Examples : Some British and French African colonies utilized indigenous structures for
governance.
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4. Internal Colonialism
Characteristics:

● Domination within a State:This occurs when a dominant group within a state exploits
minority groups within the same state boundary.
● Cultural and Economic Subjugation: Minorities might face cultural erasure and economic
dispossession.

Examples: The treatment of indigenous peoples in various nation-states, like Apartheid-era


South Africa.
5
5. Plantation Colonialism
Characteristics

● Agricultural Focus:Establishment of large-scale agricultural enterprises for export crops.


● Enslaved or Indentured Labor: Heavy reliance on enslaved or indentured laborers.
● Monoculture: Economy frequently tied to a single crop or resource leading to economic
vulnerabilities.

Examples: Sugar plantations in the Caribbean, cotton plantations in the southern United States.
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Conclusion
Each type of colonialism has had a profound and lasting impact on the societies involved,
affecting their social structures, economies, and cultures. Understanding these types helps
provide a clearer picture of global history and its continuous effects on modern geopolitics.

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