Tips for Paper 4
Tips for Paper 4
Paper format:
AO1 - 50% (Recall historical knowledge - evidence) - carries 30 marks - 15
marks per question
AO2 - 50% (Demonstrate an understanding of the past through explanation,
analysis and substantiated judgement)
This means that in order to succeed in this paper you need to have a good mix of
historical knowledge in the form of developed and strong points to argue for and
against the question/topic asked, in order to form a balanced argument.
You must also reach a substantiated or sustained judgement here of which factor
is seen as the most important and why that is so, to access the higher levels of
the mark band (22-23 marks at the very least which is the bare minimum to net you
an A grade for this component).
Question time breakdown:
1 hour 45 minute paper. Answer 2 questions from a choice of 4 (you would
have ideally studied either 2 or 3 options, answer questions only from the
topics you have studied) of a given option (European, American, International
option).
Time breakdown will thus be about 52.5 minutes per question. I would advise
spending 5-7 minutes just for planning before you answer, and
allocate 45 minutes for writing down your answer.
Previously in the old 9389 and older syllabuses it was recommended to write
for 45 minutes as that was the maximum recommended time per question,
since we have more time under the 9489 syllabus it is best in my opinion to
spend this extra time to plan and organise your material and lay it out as best
you can in the exam conditions to score well.
Tip - use of command words
Ignore compare, contrast, account for.. key words as they are either in the AS
papers or not commonly used in the Paper 4 exam rubric
All of the questions given in the question paper will contain a command or key word.
This in effect tells you how to structure your answer. Generally questions can come
in 2 different 'structures', so to speak, these are:
1. Questions which give you a specific 'side' - the question might for example
give you a statement and ask you to evaluate whether this is true or not. For
these types of questions (usually asked in the form of 'How far do you
agree..?', 'To what extent...', Evaluate this statement....' or similar) you have
to begin with the side that the question has posed to you, and then bring in
additional points supported by evidence in order to provide a balanced
argument on the other 'side' as well.
2. Questions which ask you to discuss the entire picture - these questions
usually come in the form of 'Assess' or similar and will ask you to present all
of your points in a structured manner and then argue which point is the most
important and why OR it could ask you to determine whether a given policy
or measure was successful or not in a historical knowledge with the
information that you have written.
Other comments:
Support to back your points is very important in order to make a sustained
judgement on which aspect of the question is the most important and why.
Regardless of the question asked the answer which you provide must have an
element of balanced and cannot be one-sided (for example the AS 10-marker is like
this, it does not ask you to consider multiple perspectives, something which is
essential for success in this A2 component).
Another important aspect that you must include is an element of analysis. This
means that you will need to analyse the implications of the historical period in
question and then provide evaluative comment (by evaluating and referring back to
your historical knowledge and then offering comment). To further enhance your
answers, you can include a historiographical debate on the topic in question and
present the view of a historian who shares a similar view to your conclusion on
which factor is the most important, however this is not explicitly required by the
syllabus (although implicitly it is because it has been mentioned before in past
examination reports).
Structure which I like to use:
As for structure, you should go with the structure or formats which you have
practised previously - and if this works for you then please follow through with it so
that you can comfortably get through the questions in the exam tomorrow.
However, here is the structure that I tend to use:
Short introduction of the topic referenced in the question
Point 1 (perhaps agreeing with statement/'side' given if applicable) +
Evaluation for Point 1
Any additional points + evaluation
Now I consider other points which might go against with the statement/'side' given
in the question or alternative discussions in order to provide balance
Point 2 + Evaluation for Point 2
Point 3 + Evaluation for Point 3
Point 4 + Evaluation for Point 4
Sustained conclusion with explanation on which 'side' is seen as the most
important. Addition of historian's quote/historiographical debate if possible
(although not explicitly required by syllabus/mark schemes).
If the question asks you to examine all possible factors (e.g. 'assess all factors'),
then I just do that and then provide a longer conclusion as to which individual point
is the most important rather than the 'side' or was it a 'success' or 'failure'.
Number of points you need to use: at least from what I have seen - around 4-5
points, this can vary by topic area. The main thing to note here is that the amount
of specific detail/narrowness of the questions is more compared to AS 20-markers in
Paper 2, you can say that 'quality' of the argument and analysis provided together
alongside it is seen as more important than 'quantity' - that is the amount of points.
It all comes down to impression-based marking in the end in any case, so just put in
your best you can under exam conditions and good luck!