LIGHT & SOUND TRAINING

Samuel Malsawmtluanga
SOUND BULṬHUT (Basic)
1. SOUND (RI) :
Boruak nawr chetu (vibration) alo awm hian ri alo insiam a. Ri hi second 1 chhungin boruakah Km 3.44
(feet 1130) a chakin a kal thei a, ri chi hrang hrang, thum, sin leh zawi te chet chak zawng erawh a inanglo. Ri hi
boruakah tuifawn angin a che a, shine wave an ti. Kan beng hian ri in boruak a tih chet ran zawng leh muan
zawngah hriat theih chin a nei a, Second khat chhunga ri in boruak a tih chet kual dan chu Hertz (1cycle = 1hertz) a
ni a, Hertz hrang hrang hlawm khawmtu chu Frequency a ni.
a) HERTZ (Hz) :
Hertz (Hz) chu Second khat chhunga ri in boruak a tih chet kual zat kha a ni a. Second khata vawi sawm
inthen (10hz) hman te, vawi za inthen (100hz) inthen hmante, vawi sangkhat (1000hz) inthen hmante leh singhnih
(20000hz) inthen hmante. Thirzai tlun mar chu han perh vak la, i thlun mar viau chuan a ri a sang ang a, i thlun dul
erawh chuan a ri hniam ang. Mihring beng hian Second khat chhunga inthen muang kha “a thum” angin kan hria a,
Second khat chhunga inthen rang kha “a sin” angin kan hre ta a ni. Mihring beng hian ri thliar hran theih/hriat hran
theih chin kan nei a, ‘Audio Spectrum’ an ti a, Frequency 20 hertz aṭanga 20,000 hertz hi mithiam ten a thum emaw
a sin emaw kan thliar hran theih china an ngaih a ni.
b) FREQUENCY:-
Frequency chu Hertz hrang hrang hlawm khawmtu a ni a. Frequency teh nan hian Hertz unit an hmang
ṭhin. Mihring beng in ri a hriat theih, 20hz – 20,000hz chhungah hian Sound System chung ri pe chhuak kim thei
chu Professional (H-Class) System an ti a, hemi pe chhuak kher lo hi Public Address System (P.A. System) an ti.
Kan bengin a ri a hriat/thliar hran theih chin hi kan aw in a pe chhuak thei kherlo thung.
c) BENG CONTROL :
Beng chhunga ri lo lut chuan bengdar a ti che a, Ossicles (mihring ruh a ruh te ber) kan bengdar hnung
chiaha awm chuan tawtawrawt ang deuha awm saptawngin Cochlea chu a va chhu che ta a, Cochlea chhungah
chuan tuihnang a awm khat vek a, chu tuihnang chhungah chuan hmul te tak te te 15,000 – 20,000 vel awm chu a ti
che dial dial a, chu hmul che chu ri thliar hrangtu a lo ni ta a ni. Tui chhunga hnim awm tuifawnin a sawi chet ang
chiah hian chu hmul chu a che a, a sei deuhte a tawi deuhte awmin, a sei deuh a chet chuan kan thluaka kan ri
hriatna Cerebral Cortex chuan a thumin a lo hria a, a tawi ho che chu a sin in a lo hre ta a ni.
He hmul hi saptawng chuan Celia (Tiny Hair Cell) an ti a, kum a upat chuan a upa ve zel a, chuvang chuan
kum upain ri thum te ri sin te an nin \hinna pawh Celia sei deuh leh tawi deuhte a lo khawng tawh avangin an
thluaka ri hriatna chuan a thliar hrang hlei thei ta lova, “Ninawm” in a lo hre ta ṭhin a, Biak in a music leh music
trak pawh an ning hma em em a ni.
Ri thum, ri laihawl leh ri sin te thliar hrang thei turin rikim (20Hz – 20kHz) kan ngaihthlak tam a ngai.
Sound lam a tui emaw Musician ṭha tak nih tum chuan kan bengin a ri a hriat dan a thliar hrang thiamin eng ri nge
tih a hre ngei ngei tur a ni. Beng chhunga hmul te kha control kan zir dawn a nih chu. Kan beng kan control
thiamloh avangin musician tam takin mahni instrument zawi bikah an ngai fo a, tih rin an duh ṭhin avangin
instrument dang frequency nen a in su buai fo a, ri a mawilo in a kimlo ta ṭhin a ni.
d) Decibel (dB) :-
Ri rin zawng sawina hi Decibel (dB) a ni a. (dBU te dBV te dBM te leh dBv te Decibel chhungah hian a la
awm) 0dB hi mihring bengin ri a hriat nuam theih lai ber (barely audible) a ni a, kan Sound bungrua a bik takin
Mixer leh Amplifier ah pawh 0db hian hmun a luah pawimawh em em a ni. Ri in boruak a nawr nat lutuk chuan
kan beng chhunga air Pressure (nawr) a nasa a, kan bengdarin na taka a hriat chu Ossicles (ruhno) chuan kan
Cochlea kua (Oval Window) chu na takin a va chhu ta a, bengdar chhia (Eardrum Rapture) a siam phah thei.

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2. SOUND SYSTEM EQUIPMENTS ( BUNGRUA) :-
1) MICROPHONE :
Microphone hi chi hnih a awm a. Dynamic Microphone leh Condenser Microphone. Kan aw lo man tu ber a ni.
a) Dynamic Microphone chu alan dan ah pawh tlo leh nghet hmel tak. Darzai coil a Magnet tuam hmanga siam
ani a. Power / electric a tihnun ngailo chi a ni. Dynamic Microphone te hi ring tak taka au/ṭawng khum pawh an
ngam a. Condenser microphone te angin ri sin leh thum an man nalo deuh bik, dynamic microphone ah pawh
hnathawh dan leh a tih theih in anglo chi hrang hrang a awm.
b) Condenser Microphone ah chuan thir plate chungah diaphragm (hamda/rang) dahin power/electric hmanga
tihnun ngai a ni a. 9 volt te. +48 phantom power te leh pencil battery hmanga tihnun te an ni hlawm. A ti nungtu
+48 phantom power hi Audio Mixer aṭanga pekchhuah theih a ni a, a hranpaa adaptor hman theih pawh a ni.
Condenser Microphone te hian ri sin leh thum an man hma a, dynamic aiin an derdep zawk a, hmanthiam pawh an
ngai a, Recording studio ah te an hmang ṭhin. Tunlaiah chuan zaipawl zai na atan kan hman uar ber a ni ta.
Condenser hi chu a Sensitive a vangin a hnai ber ah feet 1 a hla a hman a tawk. Ri hluk hluk leh puak pawp pawp
veng turin Pop filter (Sponse) hman ngei an ngai bawk.
Microphone Pick-up Patterns:
Microphone te hian ri man dan chi hrang hrang an nei a, a hmanna tur bik ang zelin an nihphung pawh a
dang.
a) Omni Pattern mic te chuan man theihna bik nei lovin khawi lai aṭang pawhin ri a man thei a, chutiang mic chu
recording naah dinhual atan a ṭha hle.
b) Cardioid Pattern mic ho chu a hmalam chauh aṭangin ri man thei chi a ni a, heng laia kan hman tlanglawn ho
ang hi a ni.
c) Hyper-cardioid mic chu cardioids mic tho, ri manna lai bik zim, ri dang manlo thei tura siam, Solo nana hnai
taka hman ngai hi a ni.
d) Figure of Eight mic a awm leh a, hma lam leh hnung lam man kawp thei chi a ni.

Wireless mic te hian transmitter te hmangin receiver hnenah signal a thawn a, FM tiin kan sawi mai a.
UHS leh VHS ah ṭhen leh a ni a, UHS ho hian signal an pe hla thei zawk a, an man pawh a to zawk. Wireless mic
signal te hi test laia ṭha reng si, hman huna buai a awm zauh ṭhin a, Receiver hi mipui hliah theihloh ah dah a, a
theih phei chuan Transmitter nen inhnaih taka dah a ṭha. Tin, Receiver tinungtu battery down vang tein signal a
mumallo ṭhin bawk. Kan hman dawnin check fel vek tur a ni. Tunlaia kan mic hman te hi low impedance (low
resistance) an nih tlangpui avangin hrui sei tak tak hman pawh a theih thin a ni. Mic ken lai hian kut huh vangin
electric a kalsual thei a, kut huh lo leh tui nen ken kawp loh tur a ni. Microphone duat theihnghilh loh tur. Ti tlak,
thlauh, tauh leh a cable ah khai loh tur. Hman loh laiin hmun ro leh fai takah dah thaṭ ṭhin tur a ni.
Microphone kan hman a pawimawh ber chu a hmangtu ṭawng rin zawng leh mic hlat zawng a ni.
Microphone hman vangin ṭawng zawih kher tur anilo a, ring fiah felfai taka ṭawng tur a ni a, a hnaih lamah,
condenser mic te hi chu hnai taka hman chi anilo a, kan ka aṭanga thli/thaw lo chhuak khan mic kha a chhem tel
chuan ri diklo a siam tel ṭhin a (poping P). Chuvang chuan aw man fiah tho si a hnaih dan tawk a hmangtu in a
insiam rem thiam a ngai em em a ni. Microphone hlat lutuk te, ṭawng zawih lutuk te, mic zawn taka ṭawng lohte
hian ri a man dik theilo a, mahni insiamrem thiam tur a ni.
A hmangtu tur aṭanga inches 3 leh 8 inkar vel bawra dah emaw ken emaw tur a ni. Mic hma zawnlo, a tan
deuh hlek zawnga ṭawng hian ka aṭanga thli chhuak khan a chhemlo a, ka aṭanga thli chhuak tel kha chhem tir loh
tur a ni. Hei hian i aw ri phurh phurh (pop) a awmlo ang. Ri sin/sang hi a kal hla thei a, ri hniam/thum hi kal hla
theilo a, Microphone pawh kan hlat lutuk chuan kan aw thum/hniam lam a man phalo ṭhin. A ṭha berah chuan mic
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nung 2 hi feet 2 aia hnaia dah kawp loh tur a ni. Mic test nan chhem lovin aw (voice) hmanga test tur a ni a, mic
kuk te hian a tichhe hma em em a ni. Microphone lubial (grille) hi hum bo loh tur a ni a, a bawk hnuai lam hi
feedback pattern an ti a, a ti kiu hartu a ni. Mic stand vela siamrem lai leh in hlan chhawn lai vel hi chuan Mixer ah
lo MUTE ṭhin ila a ṭha.

2) AUDIO MIXER (Console, Board, Desk) :

Audio Mixer hi chi hrang hrang studio a hman tur, broadcast atan te live sound atan te, public address atan
te worship service (sanctuary series) a hman tur atan te an siam a. Analog Mixer ah chuan a control na
inhmanṭawm lovin ahrang ṭheuhin a awm a, bungraw dang mamawh pawh fit belh theiha siam niin system ṭha tak
ni tur chuan on board bungrua belh nual a ngai. Digital mixer ah chuan mamawh zawng zawng an bilh lut vek a, a
control na pawh in rinṭawm theihin an siam a, on board bungrua belh ngai lovin a nei sa vek a, set fel sa a dahṭhat
theih. Mixer leh Amplifier inkawp nghal chi te a awm a. Powered Speaker ah te pawh an bilh tel ṭhin.
Audio Mixer hian,
a) Audio Signal lian tak alo ti te theiin signal te a lo tilian thei a.
b) Audio Signal hrang hrang lolut khawm in ang lo tak tak te rual takain alo siam thei a.
c) Audio signal chawhpawlh mawitu a ni a.
d) Sound (ri) kim pe chhuaktu a ni a.
e) Sound (ri) hrang hrang lo lutte thliar hrangtu a ni a.
f) Sound signal (ri) ti ring a ti tawi theitu a ni bawk.

Audio Mixer te hi faitaka vawn ngai an ni a. Boruak bawlhhlawh, vaivut leng vel hian a tichhe awlsam em
em a, bal taka dah loh tur a ni. Vacum Cleaner in hip vai ṭhin a ṭha hle. Kan hmanloh lai chuan hmun hul, ro leh
himah vaivut nawi lut theilo tura khuh ṭhat ṭhin tur a ni. Mixer leh Amplifier ON leh OFF laiin Volume dah hniam
ngei ngei tur a ni.
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INPUT : MIC / LINE
1) MIC Input : Microphone input signal hi a chaklo a (-40dV), chuvangin a chaklo, lo ti chak tu
atan preamp/gain kan tih aṭang hian ('0'dBV) 1volt thleng turin pek belh ṭhin a ni. Hetah hi chuan
Dynamic Microphone emaw DI box emaw Phantom Power kaltlang chauh vihluh tur. Signal na
chi kan vihluh (input) chuan kan hmanrua a chhiat theih phah a ni. Balance cable ngei hman bawk
tur a ni a, Phantom Power hi MIC Line ah a kal.
2) Line Input : Line level signal hi signal chak/ sang '0dBV' (1Volt) kan tih a nih nghal avang in
signal hi a (nâ/ṭha) a, signal sang sa ho hmanna tur bik a ni. Musicals Instrument ho, tape, CD,
phone, Keybords, Electronic drums, guitar effect unit, Phantom power hmanglo Microphone
pencil battery hmang etc te vihluhna tur a ni.
MIC level signal ah Line level signal ho chi vihluh vang hian hmanraw tichhia an tam tawh hle a, fim khur
tur a ni. Hêng line level signal (tape, cd ,effect unit etc) hi sawi ang hian '0dBV'(1volt) signal a nia , microphone
line ah chuan select miah loh tur a chhan chu switch khan signal chaklo (mic) -40dBV emaw a lo ti a , signal kha
automatic in a lo boost ta vak thin a, signal kha a clip emaw a peak rang ta êm êm a, speaker leh amp ten an chhiat
phah ṭhin a ni. Chuvang chuan Active speaker ho ah hian switch Mic/Line select na tur an dah ṭhin a, kan hman
dawnin ngun taka en hmasak tur a ni.
3) Gain/Trim : Gain hi volume a ni lo a, signal chak lo, lo tichaktu emaw, signal chak lo tite tu a ni. 0 dB a signal
kan awm tir theihna hmanrua a ni a, Mixer ti mixer ber tur a ni. Signal lo lut in anglo hrang hrang alo hrut rual a,
mawi takin ri kan chhuah thei ta a ni. Microphone ri man dan thlengin a control theih a, man hla tur leh zim turin a
set theih. Signal a ṭhat chuan Gain hi pek kher a ngailo. eg: signal in 0dB/-5 te a thlen nghal chuan.
4) Low Cut 75hz/85hz :- Mihringin a ri a pek chhuah theih bak aia hniam (85hz) a Eq kan pek hian puak deuh pup
pup te thli ri a bik takin „phu..‟ „Pha...‟ (poping P) etc.. a siam nasa ṭhin a, chumi lo filter ( thiantu/ dangtu) atan
chuan button hmehtlum theih Low Cut 75hz/85hz hi hman ṭhin a ni. He swich kan ON chuan ri hniam cut tura set
sa ho chin kha an kal tello ang. Tin, Acoustic environment (hall khawk) vangin kiu leh puak/phuh a awm sam ṭhin
a, hetiang hunah hian low cut hian a veng ve thei bawk.
5) 48+ve/ Phantom Power : Condenser Mic ho leh DI Box tihnuna tur volt pekchhuahna a ni a. Hemi ON chuan
MIC line ah power a kal tel a, condenser Mic ho kha ava tinung ta ṭhin a ni. Phantom Power On leh OFF laiin MIC
/ LINE ho MUTE vek tur a ni. Pencil Baterry hmang chi Mic kan hman chuan MIC ah nilo, LINE ah vihluh tur.
Phantom power ON chungin Mic vihluh loh tur, OFF hmasak phawt tur.
6) Equalizer (Eq) :- Equalizer-ah hian chi hnih Parametric (a herh a her kual theih) leh Graphic Eq (a nawr a nawr
tawlh, Sliding) a awm a. Mixer Channel mal chauhah chuan Parametric Equalizer (PEq) an dah ṭhin.
a) Hi (High Frequency Eq Control) : Frequency sang lam ri sin pekna leh paihna (Boost/Cut). A lai taka dahin
pekloh (flat) ang a ni a. Sana angin sawi tai la. Dar 5 chu a pek full (Boost), Dar 7 chu paih (cut) full. Frequency
2kHz – 20kHz chhung vel a control.
b) Mid (Middle Frequency) : Ri laihawl ho (250Hz-5kHz) (2.5kHz centre) pekna leh paihna (cut/boost). Mid
Freq. hi mihring bengin ri a hriat chian theih lai ber leh mihring aw in a ri a pek chhuah fiah lai aber a ni. Feedback
(a kiu) awm tamna ber a ni bawk. Herhna 2 chi ah chuan pakhat zawk ah kan duhlai Frequency ah kan dah a,
herhna pakhat zawk hmangin kan paih in kan pekbelh thei a ni.
Hmeichhe aw hian Mid Freq an neih ṭhat em avangin a fiah duh a, ri pherh te a chhuak hma bik a chuvang
chuan paihsak deuh te a ngai ṭhin a. Hollow Guitar te hi Mid Freq nei sang sa an nih avangin paih sak deuh a ngai
chang a awm ṭhin a, ri fiak ho thunun nan a ṭha hle. MID Frequency hman thiam hi Audio signal ah chuan a tifiahtu
lai ber an nih vangin bengin thliar zung zung thei khawpa fin a ngai khawp mai. Aw puk, thuk, deuh chu pekbelh te
an ngai a, aw beu leh ṭeng deuh chu paih sak te pawh a ngai ṭhin.
c) Low/ Bass (Low Freq Eq Control) : Rithum lam 100Hz hnuai lam
pekna leh paih na (Cut/Boost) a ni a. Pek thiamloh chuan ri hnawk, ri bul
bul te a awm duh hle. Amplifier leh Speaker in ri thum (Low) a pek theih
bak Mixer aṭanga pek ṭhin hian khawl a tichhe duh hle bawk. Hmeichhe
aw (vocal) te hi ri thum/hniam (Low) neilo an ni a, lo pekbelh ve vak hian
ri hnawk a awm hma duh.
d) Graphic Equalizer: Graphic Eq (GEQ) ah chuan Hertz hrang hrangte
kha a mal te te a pek tam/pek tlem theihin a awm a, mithiam hote‟n an
hman danah chuan „Cut‟ (tih tlem) nan an hmang tlangpui. Mizo tam tak
chuan V shape in an dah nghal tawp zel a, Amp leh Speaker lamin a tawrh
theih avangin bungraw tichhia an tam phah hle. Feedback (kiu) vengtu
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ṭhatak ah hman theih a ni a, khawi Frequency ber nge feedback siam tih kan bengin a hriat chuan GEQ hmangin
kanlo cut mai dawn a ni.
7) AUX (auxiliary) / FB (Foldback) :
Auxiliary (Aux) hi Monitor atan te, Processor (Voice Effect, Compressor, Limiter Delay) zawmkhawmna
atante hman ṭhin a ni a, output pakhat a nih chu. Mixer len leh tet a zirin nei tam leh tlem an awm ṭhin a, Effect
volume nena inṭawm te pawhin an dah ṭhin. Aux 1 volume chuan channel 1 a signal lokal kha alo control a, Master
Aux Output Volume in alo control leh a, Aux out socket aṭangin Amp/ Active ah zawm ṭhin a ni. AUX hi Mixer
Volume nena hmankawp theih (Post) leh Channel Volume thlen hma-a (Pre) Volume Control theihin an siam ṭhin
a, switch hmehtlum tur an dah ṭhin. I hmeh tlum chuan (post) channel volume khân monitor (Aux) volume kha a
control tel ang. Sound track nena zai ho ah chuan post fade a hmanin zai zawh rual in main leh monitor volume
rual tak in channel slider hmangin a pawh hniam theih ta a ni.
Auxiliary (Aux) hi monitor pek nan hman ber a ni a, kan duh channel kha Aux volume hmangin kan pe
ring mai a ni. AUX out te hi post EQ an ni a, Main EQ thlen hmaa signal out an nih vangin EQ in a control lo a nih
chu. (Mixer company siam dan a in anglo a, user manual en hmasak thin a fuh.)
8) PAN / BAL switches :
“Left & Right” (dinglam leh veilam) ri pek chhuahna Control-tu chu (Panoramic) a ni. Veilama i dah
chuan Main sound veilam chiah a kal ang. Acoustic Drums mic-up hian tom tom te hi L+R in an PAN ṭhin. Biak in
ah zaipawl in sound track an hmanin, monitor speaker hunhnaih rem chanloh naah PAN hmang hian zaipawl ho
hnaih main speaker chauh ri tura control nan te remchang taka hman theih a ni.
9) MUTE / ON Switch:
Channel On leh OFF na switch. Volume down kher lovin a diksa a kan dah kha ON leh OFF nan. Sound
sysytem a pawimawhber chu a rik hun a ri hi a ni a, enkawltute in thlahdah loh tur.
10) PFL (Pre-Fader Listen) / SOLO Switch:
Input signal in channel mal fader/ Volume a thlen hmaa signal lo en na. Switch hmehtlum khan LED
indicator ah channel mal signal a lo lang a, signal nat leh natloh te a hriat theih a, chuta ṭang chuan GAIN set dan
tur te, peak / clip (na lutuk) te a hriat theih a ni.
Tin, PFL kan hmeh hian, kan hmeh channel bîka signal kha headphone out ah a thawn ve nghal tho
avangin kan monitor (Aux) rik leh rik loh te, a rin leh rin loh te headphone hmangin a lo ngaihthlak theih ṭhin a ni.
11) GROUP Switch :
1-2. 3-4….etc. Channel mal GROUP Out a thawnnaa switch. 1 i hmehtlum chuan GROUP 1 ah khami
channel signal kha a kal ang. Output pakhat a nih chu. Group out hi signal grouping nan hetiang hian a hman theih.
Zaipawl Mic, Band/Musician, Drums Mic-up…ho kha ST (main line) ah kan pelo ang a (ST hmeh tlumloh) Group
swich kan ON ang a, Mixer ah assign to main ON leh in Group Fader hmangin kan Grouping ho zawng kha
volume control nan hman tur a ni. Drums mic-up tih rin leh zawih duh a, Fader zawng zawng amala khawih ngai
lovin Group Fader hmangin a tih theih ta a ni.
12) MST/ST Switch : STEREO L/R Out (Main out) a signal kaltir na.
13) CHANNEL FADER / VOLUME : Channel a signal lo lut tih rin leh tih zawihna.
Volume Fader sirah hian 10, 5, 0, -5, -10, -20…. tih inziak kan hmu ang a, LED indicator
(eng ṭhet ṭhet thei) ah pawh hetiang inziak hi kan hmu bawk ang. Channel tin
(Slider/fader/Volume) hian 1.3 volt a pe chhuak anga ngaih a ni a, Meter a signal in '0' a thlen
khân '0dBV' (1volt) a lo ni chhiah a. +3 a thlen khân 1.3 volt ah ngaih a ni. +4 chunglam chu total
harmonic distortion (THD) niin +4 chunglam a en tawh chuan signal a na lutuk tawh a, load a zo lo
ṭan tih warning na a ni. Chutiang alo nih chuan Gain hmangin emaw dB i tihniam tawh ang.
Chuvang chuan '0'dBV hi maintain reng a pawimawh. Signal kha a peak reng chuan kan hmanrua
vel khan a lo tuar ta ṭhin a ni. Bengin ri chher hre lo mahse signal in (harmonic distortion) a awm
tawh tih min hrilhna a ni deuh ber mai. „0‟ db a pelh tawh chuan Gain aṭangin kan tihniam ang a,
output a zawih chuan Fader aṭangin kan Up leh ang. Slider/ fader hi chu meter ah a peak/clip loh
chuan nawr full vek a pawi hranlo.
3. HEADROOM : System in a tawrh hma si a, sound zawih lai bera min chawm tawk leh a rin theihtawk inkar hi
Headroom an ti. Sound chu a zawi lamah -10 dB velah min chawm tawk tho se, a rin lamah +5dB vel thlenga pek
in la him ta se, chumi inkar 15dB chu Headroom kan nei tihna alo nita a. Mipui tam dan a zirin kan -10dB a\ang
khan +5dB thlengin kanla ti sang thei dawn a nih chu. Headroom tam a piang venthawn ngailoin control a nuam a,
chutiang nei tur chuan system leh room acoustic in a zir a ngai thung.
4. EFFECT : Mixer ah hian Voice effect tel chi a awm ṭhin a, aw tih tlawk (Reverb) na te, ri-nawn / khawk (Echo)
na te, aw aia ritlai hreta rikna (Delay) te a awm ṭhin. Set chawp ngaia awm pawh a awm. Thusawi bikah chuan
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effect pekloh a ngaihthlak a nuam ṭhin a, solo leh zaipawl ah reverb pek deuh te hian a mawi hma bik. EFX te hi
AUX emaw Post hran an siam hmangin channel kan duhna berah pek mai tur a ni.

5. AMPLIFIER : Mixer aṭanga signal lo chhuak, (Pre amp) chu Amplifier hian lo tilianin Speaker ah alo rik tir a.
Amplifier ṭhenkhat chuan output (impedance) fix an nei sa a. (4Ω, 8Ω, 70V & 100V). Power Amplifier/Booster te
erawh chuan kan speaker hman ang zel impedance / Ω (ohms) an pe chhuak thung. Chumi awmzia chu, Amplifier
output a speaker i zawm khan i speaker ohms zat kha Amplifier in watt a pechhuak thung a. Hetiang a nih vang
hian Amplifier leh Speaker inmil thlan thiam a pawimawh em em a. A tha tih avanga tawngpawng lei ve ngawt chi
pawh a nilo, a in balance loh chuan a ṭhat tur angin a ṭha chhuak zo tak tak chuanglo a ni. Speaker leh Amplifier
khan an tuar veve thei a ni. Mixer aṭanga signal lo chhuak Pre out hi Mixer ṭhatdan a zirin pe sang thei leh theilo a
awm ṭhin a. Pre out nei ṭha chu tih rin a nuam em em a ni.
Nx Audio. Proton RX Series Amp

Amplifier output : (Eg : Yamaha P3500S)

8Ω/STEREO : 350W+350W ( 8ohms load alak chuan watt 350 a pe chhuak)
4Ω/STEREO : 450W+450W ( 4ohms load alak chuan watt 450 a pe chhuak)
2Ω/STEREO : 1000W+1000W ( 2ohms load alak chuan watt 1000 a pe chhuak)
8Ω/BRIDGE : 900W ( 8ohms Bridge ah watt 900 mono in a pe chhuak)
4Ω/BRIDGE : 2000W ( 4ohms Bridge ah watt 2000 mono in a pe chhuak)
Frequency Response : 20Hz-50kHz (Frequency 20 Hertz aṭanga 50,000 Hertz a pe chhuak thei)
Amplifier Specifications ah 2ohms a in ziah ve loh chuan 2ohms load lak tir loh tur.
MODE (STEREO/BRIDGE/PARALLEL)
STEREO mode hi line 2 a ri chhuak a ni a, Amplifier ah out A & B or 1 & 2 a awm ṭhin hi.
PARALLEL mode ah chuan input 1 chauh pek a, output A&B hman a ni. Amplifier dangah zawm chhawn zel
(Daisy-chain) a theih. (Input atan 1 or A. Amp dangah 2 or B aṭanga pek)
BRIDGE mode hi mono (ri 1 chhuak) line 1 ah chiah ri a chhuak a. Amplifier a output 2 kha 1 ah a kaihkawp a,
power sang lehzual alo pe chhuak thei a, Sub-Woofer chawm nan te an hmang ṭhin. Input ah chanel 1 or A a vihluh
tur.

SPEAKON STEREO OUT SPEAKON 2WAY OUT IN 1 SPEAKON BRIDGED

OUT
Amplifier hnung lamah control switch \henkhat te :
Clip meter / Protect / Limiter : Output na lutuk tur vengtu atan.
Low cut. 30Hz or 50Hz. Woofer : Sub Woofer atana select na te, Ri thum, (low) paihna te.
6
Ground swich: Earthing pek a body leh circuit inzawm tirna.
Sensitivity: Input signal nat dan a zira lo select tur.
PA Amplifier ṭhenkhat hnung lamah : COM. 70V. 100V. tih output awm hi LMT (Line Matching
Transformer) nei ho Driver Unit, Horn Speaker, Coloum Speaker, Box Speaker te nena hman tur a ni a. Speaker
wire seiah hian a chakna thahrui a hlauh ṭhen ṭhin a, Volt hmangin power pek tel a ni a, hrui sei tak ah chakna
hlauh lovin a kal thei ta a ni. Speaker tamtak zawm chhawn dawnin LMT system hi hman a ni bawk.
6. SOUND BOX / SPEAKER : Ri sin (Hi), Ri laihawl (Mid), Ri
thum (Low) a hrang hranga pe chhuak thei 3way chi te. Ri sin
(Hi) leh Ri laihawl (Mid) pe chhuak thei Fullrange te. Ri thum
(Low) chiah pe chhuak chi Sub-Woofer te Box Speaker an awm
a. Driver Unit Horn leh coloum speaker te pawh a awm. A
hmanna tur a zirin pian (size) leh nihphung (Specification) in
anglo tak tak an ni. Tunlai chhuakah chuan 8Ω hi box speaker ah
ani tlangpui tawh, Driver Unit Horn hi 16Ω a ni.
a) Active / Powered Speaker :
Heng Box te hian Amplifier an neisa a, ahranpa a Amplifier
hman a ngailo. Input pawh MIC/LINE nei hrang chi te, INPUT
MIC leh LINE inṭawm, Selector hmanga LINE or MIC kan hman
tur thlan theih te a awm bawk. MIC or LINE kan hman tur selct
hi a dik takah dah tur a ni a, MIC line a Signal sang pekluh vanga
tichhia an tam hle. EQ nei chi pawh a awm a, heng EQ te hi
Mixer nena kan hman kawp chuan Mixer lama EQ set kha ring
zawk ila, Box lamah chuan FLAT (dar 12) ah dah ila, a tlo.
Mixer lama EQ pe vak tawh a Box lama EQ pek leh vak vanga
Tweeter diaphragm ti chhia an tam hle.
b) Passive Speaker :
Heng Box te hi Amplifier hmanga tihrik ngai an ni.
Specification : Speaker watt zat en dan.
Eg:
500watt RMS. (Speaker hman char char in 500watt a pe
chhuak)
700watt Program (hmanrei dawnloh, 2 hrs program velah
chuan 700watt a pe thei)
1400 watt Peak /PMPO ( Watt sang zawk/thut ah 1400watt
a zo)
RMS/AES/Continuous watt‟ tehi tehna thuhmun
vek a ni a. Engtik lai pawh a speaker hi kan hmang dawn a
nih chuan,'RMS/AES/CONTINUOUS', watt a hman a him.
Eg ; darkar 2 aia rei program ang ah te.
Program watt :Darkar hnih khat chhûng chauh speaker hian
a daih dawn , mahse i hman rei dawn loh chuan 700w Amp pawhin a chawm tir ngam a nih chu.
PEAK/PMPO : 'Peak Music Power Output' hetah ve thung chuan speaker hian second hnih thum chhûng lek 1400w
signal a zo ve tih na, a aia rei ah chuan a lo kângin alo chhe mai thin.
Speaker chus RMS/AES/CONTINUOUS watt en a fuh ber.
7. SPEAKER ZAWM DÂN CHI HNIH :
a) PARALLEL : Speaker pahnih emaw a aia tam hi (+) to (+) leh (-) to (-) a
kan zawm hian parallel connection a ni a, Parallel connection ah chuan Ω
(ohms) a tlahniam zêl. Speaker Ω zat khan Box zat semin (divide †s)
Resultant Impedance alo chhuak ang.
8 Ω box 2 lo hmang tai la. Eg : 8 Ω † 2 = 4 Ω (4 Ω ah connect tur/ 4 Ω alo ni
ang.)
b) SERIES CONNECTION
Series connection ah chuan speaker connection kha (+) to (-) , (+) to (-) in kan zawm
thung a, Ω a lo sân phan ve thung. (Touchlight Battery inzawm ang hi)
Entirnan : Speaker pahnih 8 ohms nei ila.
7
R = (R1+ R2) = 8+8=16 Ω.
Speaker pathum 8 Ω pahnih leh 4 Ω pakhat nei ila ..
R = ( R1+ R2+R3 ) 8+8+4 = 20 Ω
Ohms load a hniam leh amplifier watt a sânga, ohms load a sân leh amplifier watt a hniam ve zêl thung.
c) PARALLEL & SERIES CONNECTION : Speaker Ohms kan neih dan
a zir leh box hman tam a ngaih ṭum Series leh Parallel conection hmangin
kan Amplifier leh Speaker mil turin conection a siam theih bawk.
d) PHASING : Amplifier output leh Speaker input hian + leh – (com) an
nei ve ve a. Connection kan siamin hemi ang hian zawm ṭhin tur a ni.
Speaker cone hi ahma lam a thehchhuak zawngin a che a, Phasing diklo ah
chuan a hnung lam thehchhuak zawnga a chet vangin speaker a chhe duh a,
a pekchhuah pawh a diklo ṭhin. Speaker ah -/+ inziak awmlo hriat hran dan
awlsam chu: Pencil Battery emaw hmangin Speaker kha han thaizawm la, a
hma lam zawnga a chet chuan battery a + lam kha speaker ah pawh + lam
alo ni ang.
8. CROSSOVER:
Mixer/Amplifier aṭanga audio signal lo chhuak frequency hrang hrang te lo ṭhen darh tu a ni a, Compressor
Driver (High/tweeter) tan ri sin (high). Mid range speaker tan ri lai hawl (mid) leh Sub-Woofer tan ri thum (low) a
lo thliar tu a ni. Crossover hi awm ta lo se Compression Driver hi audio signal a hmuh rualin a chhe nghal ang, a
chhan chu low frequency nei pakhat mah an awm loh avangin leh low frequency signal han dawl zo an awm loh
avangin, a tuar hmasa ber tur chu Compression driver hi a ni.
Crossover hi chi hnih a awm a, Passive leh Active crossover :
Passive crossover hi chu passive sound box chhûngah a awm nghal ṭhin .
Active crossover : Active crossover ve thung hi chuan power supply hran a mamawh a , frequency band hrang
hrang kha amplifier a thlen hmain a lo thliar hrang thin. eg: Low, Mid leh High ah te.
Crossover hrang hrang :
LOW leh HI = 2 Way
LOW , MID leh HIGH = 3 Way
LOW, LOW MID, HIGH MID leh HIGH = 4way
Compressor Driver (High/tweeter) Hrang² frequency response :
Titanium = 500hz to 20khz Kapton = 800hz to 16khz Piezzo = 1.2khz to 16khz
Crossover ṭhat leh ṭhat loh emaw frequency band a thliar hran dan hi SLOPE an ti a, a a thliar dan ṭhat leh ṭhat loh
chu octave in an teh ṭhin. eg; 6db octave ,12db octave ,18db octave 24db octave etc. Octave sâng apiang a tha.
Bi-Amp , Tri-Amp , Quad-Amp :
Bi-Amp ah chuan speaker LOW leh HIGH kha active crossover 2way in amplifier kal tlangin a hran ve ve in a
chawm. (Hi leh Low tan Amp hran leh crossover hran zel)
Tri-Amp ah pawh speaker LOW, MI , HIGH kha 3way active crossover in amplifier kaltlang bawkin a hran ṭheuh
in a chawm.
Quad-Amp ah pawh speaker LOW, LOW MID, HIGH MID leh HIGH kha 4way active crossover in amplifier kal
tlangin a hran ṭheuh in a chawm .
9. SPEAKER DISPERTION: (Speaker ri theh chhuah dân)
Speaker hun/dahna hi thil pawimawh ber a ni awm e. Hei hian kan thil set engkim a hmawrbawkna a hril a,
set dik viau pawh Box hun dan dikloh vanga fail vek thei a ni. A hunna/dahna tur dik tak kan thlan thiam chuan
daihzai takin Box a hman theih a, a pawimawhber ngaithlatu ten fiah takin an hriat theih phah a ni.
Ri sin (Hi) Compression driver (tweeter) hoin a pekchhuah hi daltu/hliahtu a awm chuan akal thui theilo a,
hei vang tak hian daltu/hliahtu awmlo a dah a pawimawh a ni. Chutilo chu a rimawina bengin a hrelo ang. Ri thum
lam hi chu dal/dan theih anilo a, Sub-Woofer te pawh leiah an hung mai ṭhin. Compression driver (tweeter) Flare
(Tlangarh) in ri a thehchhuah dan hi chi 2, Vertical dispertion ( a ding ngil zawng) leh Horizontal dispertion (a
khamphei zawng) a Degree hmanga teh a ni a. Eg: 60°H x 40°V : He mi awmzia chu speaker hian horizontal ah
30° to 30° a theh chhuak a, vertical ah 20° to 20° a theh chhuak tihna a ni. Kan Compression driver (tweeter) Flare
(Tlangarh) pianhmang khan a hril ta em em a. Inchhung (indoor) a hman chi nge, Long throw, Pawn lama hman
chi tih a hril vek a.
Sound Box hawi danin Mic ah feedback a siam hma dawn em tih te a mitthla theih ta a ni. Speaker 1 mai
pawh a huna in mipui a cover dik chuan fiah takin a hriat theih a, Leia kan hun ringawt chuan a bulhnai ami tan bak

8
a chiang thei talo a ni. Chuvang chuan Speaker khai hian a thawhhlawk em em a ni. Daltu, hliahtu awmlo a beng
direct a thlen theih vangin.
Line Array (Box khai tlar) te hian a thawhhlawk em em a, Line Array Box chuan a hnai leh hla te ṭum
khatah a rualin a chawm ṭhawt thei a, Ri thehchhuak na, Long throw tura duan an nih angin a siamphung pawh a
dang. Speaker pangai 60°H x 40°V anih laiin Line Array ho Vertical dispertion chu zim tak. 12°V te, 9°V te a siam
a ni a. A ri thehchhuah kha insu buai lovin a thlenna hmun tur chiang takin ava thleng thei ta a ni. Speaker pangai
ngil taka huna 60% vel signal boruaka kalral awm ang kha, Line array box ah chuan boruaka kalral awmloin
ngaithlatute beng ava thleng chat chat a. Speaker 1 angin an thawk chhuak a ni.
10. FEEDBACK : Microphone in signal a pekchhuah speaker aṭanga lo chhuak a man nawn leh hian a kiu ta ṭhin
a. Hall/Room khawk nasat vang te, Eq set dik tawkloh vang te, Box leh Mic inhnaih vang tein alo awm ṭhin. Biak
in tam zawk hi accoustic treatment ngaihtuah tello a sak a ni a, akhawk nasa lutuk chu sound sysytem hmanga
solve kan tum ta ṭhin a, a dik famkim har tawh em em a ni. Feedback (a kiu) siamtu ri chu khawi Frequency nge tih
kan bengin a hriat tawh chuan Mixer aṭangin a ti kiu tu kha kan siam dik thei a, hetah tak hian beng sawizawi kan
sawi kha a hmanna tur tak a ni.
11. Frequency Range / Frequency Response : Microphone, Amplifier & Speaker te hian ri (Hz) pek chhuah/
dawn theih chin an nei a. A hniam/thum LOW leh a sang/sin HIGH lam an dawn theih dan sawina a ni.
Eg : RODE M3 microphone chuan Frequency Range: 40Hz ~ 20,000Hz aman thei a. High Pass Filter (HPF) on
chuan 80Hz 12dB/octave ah a chho ang.
YAMAHA P3500S Amplifier chuan 20Hz-50kHz ri a pe chhuak thei.
Titan 15 Passive Speaker chuan 50 - 20kHz a pechhuak thei.
Kan hmanraw neihin eng Frequency Response nge a neih tih kan hriat chian a ngai a, aneih bak pek kan
tum chuan a chhe mai dawn a ni. Rental Sound ten sysytem lian hmanga an tihrik dup dup ang kha kan hmanrua in
a tlin veloh chuan tih tum ve kher loh tur. Microphone te hi Frequency Response hrang hrang siam a ni a, hmanna
tur bik (Drums mic, choir Mic etc) an siamdan kan hriat ve zel a pawimawh. Bass Guiter chuan 100Hz hnuailam a
mamawh hnem a, kan Speaker hmanin a Low Frequency a pechhuak ṭha em ? tih te kan hre ve tur a ni. Speaker ah
ri chher, ri thlawk thlawk a awm chuan Frequency Response a neih bak signal kan pe a ni duh khawp mai. Ri sin
aṭanga thum mawi tak ri kim pechhuak thei tur chuan class H system kan hman a ngai.
12. VOLTAGE/POWER : Sound system hmanrua te hi Electric Power hmanga tihnun ngai vek an ni a. Kan
hmanraw hman tur khan eng Voltage nge a mamawh tih kan hre ngei tur a ni. Kan Curent Voltage nen a inmil loh
chuan Voltage Corector, Stabilizer hmangin Voltage kan ti danglam ang. Stabilizer Manual ah chuan voltage input
a san thutin a highcut ṭhin a, Sound a thih thutin a mualpho thlak. Dantlangpuiin heng laia kan bungrua hi chuan
220-230 Volt an mamawh ṭhin. Stabilizer ah hian input voltage a dawn theih en ngei ngei tur a ni a, Curent voltage
hniamna hmuna awm tan phei chuan input hniam a piang neih tur. (Eg : Input 90-270volt). Peak hour (curent hman
nasat lai) a hnathawk theilo Stabilizer a awm theih a nia. Sound ah Low 60 %. Mid 30%, Hi 10% power eiral ah
ngaih a ni.
Current lak nana kan hrui hman chu copper ṭha tak a ni tur a ni a. kan hmanrua in a mamawh ang power a
dawnloh chuan an nihna tur ang takin hna an thawk theilo. Sound wire/cable atan pawh Copper ṭha a piang a ṭha.
Watt 1000 chin chunglam kaltir dawn chuan 1.5mm chin tal nise, chu pawh chu hrui sei dan a zirin a aia lian
ngaihna ṭhin a awm. Sound system hmanrua te hi current shine wave hmang an ni a. Portable Generator ho hi a
supply a zirin Voltage a sang thut duh a, kan mamawh tawk voltage a kan set hnuah Sound system equipment te
ON chauh tur a ni.
ON leh OFF hmasak dan tur : On zawngin Mixer, Wireless Receiver, On Board Processor, Instrument
etc te ON hmasak a, a tawp berah Amplifier / Active / Powered Speaker. OFF dawnin a let zawng chiaha indawtin
OFF leh tur. Amplifier / Active / Powered Speaker OFF hmasak ber tur.
13. SOUND SOURCE/ INPUT : A hmangtu.
Sound a awm dawn chuan alo kalna (source) a awm ngei a ngai a, a hmangtu hman thiam leh thiamloh
hian Sound dik leh dikloh 99-100% in a hril thei. Microphone hmangtu chuan a hman dan dik taka a hmanloh
chuan sound a dik thei lova, a hum dan, a hlat zawng, ṭawng rin zawng etc..hengte hi dik taka vawn a ngai.
Microphone dik taka an hman theih nan stand a dah dan, a hawi zawng, kun leh dak, a hlat zawng te sound man
chuan lo adjust hmasak thlap tur a ni. Musician kan nih chuan kan hmanraw kutthlak dan in a ri chhuah dan mawi
leh mawiloh leh dik leh dikloh a hril vangin kutthlak dik tura zir fan fan tur. Bass guiter perh tu chuan sustain pek
chin te, a perh dan te a hre tur a ni a, mahni ri bik nei tura in siam tur. Chutiang bawkin Guiter te Keybord leh
Piano te pawh. Digital Piano te hi Hammer action key an ni a, hmeh nat loh chuan a ri dik tak a chhuak phalo.
Sound man chuan system a set fel vek hnuah uluk takin a check leh ang a, Program ṭan dawnah aṭha kim em tih a
ennawn leh vek tur a ni.
14. CABLES & CONECTORS :
9
 Sound System atan hrui hman te hi uluk ngai tak an ni a. Quality ṭha tawklo chuan power a eiral nasat
vangin anih dan turin hna an thawk theilo ṭhin a, a remchang chang hman mai mai tur a nilo. Microphone cable ah
hian Balalance (hrui 3) nei hman tur a ni a. Line tamtak hrui khat anga kalkhawm hi Snake Cables an ti a, a ṭangkai
hle. Kan hrui zam reng reng delh leh chilh tu awmlo se. Speaker wire bikah copper ṭha a piang a ṭha a, Amplifier
nena an inkar a tawi thei ang ber hman hian signal loss a tlem phah a, a ṭha. Speaker Cables te hi lian ṭha tak hman
tur a ni a, sound box han hawng la, company in an hrui hman kha lian ṭha tak vek a ni ang.
Conectors, Jack pin kan tih mai ho hi quality ṭha chauh hman hian buaina tur tam tak min chhawk nghal.
Conector ho reng reng a hruiah pawh phawi leh vihluh laiin dawm loh tur, a conector housing ah ngei khan chelh
tur a ni.
Conector ho hi alo thawl tawh chuan ri ṭuk ṭuk a siam duh a, thlak angai tawh tihna a ni. Sound sysytem
bungrua lei thar ten kan chhut telloh fo chu cables & conector kan mamawh nghal tih hi, heng tello hi chuan a
hman theihloh a, kan budget ah hisap vek a, kan bungraw mil tur ṭhave tawk tak lei nghal a finthlak ber. Conector
ho kan fit leh phawi laiin khawl OFF emaw, channel MUTE ṭhin tur a ni.

TS Unbalance TRS Balance

15. SOUND MAN : Sound enkawltu chu taimak angai. Mi aia kal hmasa, mi aia haw tlai. Bungrua faitaka enkawl
peih mi a ni tur a ni. Zirtawpni a awm velo a, inzir peih reng nih angai. Hetiang lam lehkhabu te chhiar nasat tur.
Kan hmanrua te a manual chhiar hmasak phawt a, hriatthiam tum tur a ni. A rik hun dik taka ri leh ngaithlatu ten
fiah taka an hriat theih hi sound ṭha chu a ni, hmanrua aiin hmanthiamna a pawimawh zawk.
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 Chik taka sound kaldan leh conection thlir ṭhin tur a ni a, Beng hman thiam a, khawi Hz/ Frequency ah nge
chu ri chu a awm tia hriat theih tura beng sawizawi tur a ni. Beng hi dim tur a ni a, Ring tak taka earphone
ngaithlak te, sound box ring tak bula awm te hi inven tur.
FOH (Front of House) hi mipui lam chawmtu, main sound sawina a ni a. MOH (Monitor of House) hi
Stage lam chawmtu sawina a ni. System lianah chuan FOH leh MOH sound engineer a hranin an awm ve ve a.
Input/instrument ho kha Splitter hmangin MOH leh FOH lamah ṭhen a ni a, a hran veve in mixing khawih ṭhin a ni.
Tunlai ah chuan Digital sysytem an hmang nasa tawh a, Snake cables kan tih te pawh wireless sysytem chi te hman
a ni tawh.
Musical Instrument bik hi a tumna tur bik hmanraw siam a awm a, Guitar Combo, Keybord Amp, Bass
Combo etc. Ram changkangah chuan heng hmanrua ah te hian musian ten an mahni duhangin ri an siam kha main
sound lamah an pechhawng ta ṭhin a ni. Keini ah chuan a tlangpuiin musician ten mahni frequency an hriat ngailoh
avangin heng an music instrument atanga ri siam lovin sound duty te aṭanga siam tir vek min tum ṭhin a, a
buaithlak em em a ni. DI (Direct Injection) Box hi Musical instrument bik, hrui sei tak tak hman ngaihna leh signal
hlauh lova pek nan hman a ni a, Phantom power hmanga tihnun niin Unbalance signal kha Balance in a let a, ri lian
ṭhatakin a thlen theih phah a ni.
Thingpui an rawn semin Mixer /Keybord chungah tray chawi tir loh tur, tihbuak palh a pawi thei. Bungraw
vawn failoh vanga chhia hi Mizorama tih chhiat chhan tam pawl a ni. Kan dahṭhatna hmun pawh uluk a ngai, hmun
hul, ro leh vaivut bawhlo a khuh tur, a theih chuan a bawm bik siam thlap hian a tlo duh hle. Sound Control na
hmun chu Main Sound chiang taka hriat theihna laiah awm tur a ni a, Biak in ṭhenkhata room kil nampuk chhunga
inkhung te hi sound ri hriat chian ahar bakah a kiu (feedback) ri hriat a har a, tlar hnung lai takah, dawhkanga siam
a ṭha ber.
Sound Track play tur hi CD player emaw, Computer/Laptop hman hian a fuh duh ber a. Mobile handset
quality hi a in anglo em em a, an ri pekchhuah a inthlauh theih em avangin level set pawh a buaithlak chang a awm
ṭhin. Hanset ṭhenkhat phei chu Jack pin nen in millo a awm ṭhin a. Chet chhiat a awm duh phah hle. Mp3 a convert,
handset a play chhuah chu ri ṭha tak a chhuak hlei thei tawh ṭhinlo. Track siam tute pawhin Wave format a siam a,
CD emaw a Track play hi a ṭha ber. Track play tur chu enchhin hmasak a, level lo set lawk thlap a ṭha. Track kan
play in monitor ah kal hmasak tir phawt a, a ṭul angin main sound lamah pek zui nise. Kum upa lam hian music hi
ring an ti hma a, Biak in ah chuan a inmil tawk hriat a pawimawh khawp mai. Zaipawl mic-up ṭha tak tur chuan
monitor ah music pek natloh angai a, conductor ten heihi kan hriat ve a ngai.
Tools, Srew driver set, Soldering iron, cutter & players, multi meters etc hi engtik lai pawha mamawh a ni
a, neih theih ngei a ṭha. Sound man chuan siamṭhat ngai a awmin chawpleh chilha chetchhuah nghal theih tur a ni a,
lo mutthluk san loh tur. Kan hmanrua reng reng risk lovin a dika hman zir tur a ni a, ri thei tho chung khan a chhe
hma thei thung tih hriat tur. Mi hmantlak, mi tlo leh Pathian rawngbawlna a ni tih hrelo tan chuan inhnamnawih chi
a nilo. Ṭawngṭai a hlan thlap zel hi a him a, hun hmantu turte a hman dan hrilh hriat hmasak a pawimawh bawk.
MIXER CONECTION

11
 SOUND SYSTEM SET/FIT & OPERATE DAWNA HRIAT TUR PAWIMAWH.
1. Program awmdan a zir leh hun hmangtu turte a zirin bungraw mamawh chhut fel hmasak tur.
2. A hmunhma ngun taka zir a, kan hmanraw neih dan a zirin Control desk, Speaker, Monitor etc dahna tur tihchian
tur.
3. Mipuiin sound chiang taka an hriat tlan theihna ah speaker hun tur.
4. Electric power hrui ṭha taka lakluh a, earthing pek tur. Earth pekna mai tur a awmloh chuan thir (rod) leia vibur
a, a bul lei tuia leih hnawng tur.
5. Hrui kalkual dan hnawk lo leh mipui rah mai mai theihloh a zam tur.
6. System kan fit fel hnuah electric voltage check a, On dan tur indawt a ON a, system check tur.
7. Kan peihfel hnuah Program ṭan huna hman nghal theih turin fel taka kalsan tur.
8. Program ṭan hmain thlen hmaa, system check leh vek tur.
9. Room/Hall khawk nasat vang te, monitor vanga feedback awmloh nan hun hmangtu turte microphone hman dan
hrilhhriat tur.
10. Sound track hmang tur an awm chuan program ṭan hmain test hmasak ngei ngei tur. Monitor rin zawng tur te lo
set lawk diam a ṭha, play laia in hui zoh zoh hi a zialo.
11. A hun taka sound ri thei ngei turin duty inthlahdah loh tur a ni. Mutthluk, phone lo khawih leh thildang lo tih a
remlo.
12. Hmanrua/ bungraw thar kan neihin a MANUAL hriatthiam tum ngeia chhiar hmasak phawt tur.
13. Hmanrua/ bungraw kan lei dawnin a khawl man ngawr ngawr bakah hmanraw ṭul dang mamawh nghal tur,
cables, conector, Stabilizer etc te chhut tel ṭhin tur. Hmanraw ṭul nei zuiloh vanga system tichhia te, a nih dan tura
hmanglo te an awm nual.
14. Hmanrua/ bungraw kan neih te quality in tluktlang deuh leh in mil zawn hram hram a ṭha. (Speaker world class
lei a, PA system Amp hman leh daih te)
15. Hmanrua/ bungrua te a hming diktak hriat tum tur.
16. Internet ah Manual, Guide etc download tur a tam ta, hmangṭangkai ang u.
17. Thiamlo ngam ila, Risk lo ila, a dik taka hre turin in zir peih ila. A fuh ber. Thiamlo chung chunga risk vanga
khawl tichhia kan tam ta.
18. A rik theih ringawt hi a dik tihna a nilo a, a dan dik taka fit leh operate ani em tih a pawimawh.
19. Bungrua fai taka enkawl a, hman dawn leh senghawi paha tihfai nghal zel hi a ṭha ber.
20. Beng dim thiam tur, ring lutukin beng dar a tichhe thei.

Light & Sound Training Paper Kristian Thalai Pawl, Khawbung Branch

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