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Surface Areas and Volumes _ Short Notes

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16 views

Surface Areas and Volumes _ Short Notes

Uploaded by

Aarav Hatekar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class-9th

Mathematics
Short- Notes
Surface Area and Volume
Contents
• Measurement units
• Cuboid
• Cube
• Cylinder
• Cone
• Sphere & Hemisphere

UNITS OF MEASUREMENT OF AREA AND VOLUME:-


Area:-
1 cm2 = 1 cm×1 cm = 10 mm×10 mm = 100 mm2
1 dm2 = 1dm × 1 dm = 10 cm × 10cm = 100 cm2
1 m2 = 1 m × 1m = 10 dm × 10 dm = 100 dm2
1 dam2 or 1 are = 1 dam × 1 dam = 100 m2
1 hm2 = 1 hectare = 1hm × 1 hm = 100m×100 m = 10000 m2 = 100 dm2
1 km2 = 1 km × 1 km = 10 hm × 10 hm = 100 hm2 or 100 hectare

Volume :-
1cm3 = 1 ml = 1 cm × 1cm × 1 cm = 10 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm = 1000 mm3
1 litre = 1000 ml = 1000 cm3
1m3 = 1m × 1m × 1m = 100 cm × 100 cm × 100 cm = 106 cm3 = 1000 litre

Cuboid :-
There are six faces (rectangular), eight vertices and twelve edges in a cuboid.
Total Surface Area (T.S.A.) : The area of surface from which cuboid is formed.
(i) Total Surface Area (T.S.A.) = 2 [ × b + b × h + h × ] sq. units

(ii) Lateral Surface Area (L.S.A.) = 2 [b × h + h × ]

(or Area of 4 walls) = 2 h [+ b] sq. units

(iii) Volume of Cuboid = (Area of base) × height = ( × b) × h cubic units

(iv) Length of its diagonals = 2


+ b2 + h 2 unit

Cube :-
Cube has six faces. Each face is a square.

[1]
a

a
a
(i) Total Surface Area (T.S.A.) = 6 a2 sq. units
(ii) Lateral surface area (L.S.A.) = 4 a2 sq. units
(iii) Volume = a3
(iv) Length of its diagonals = 3a unit

Cylinder
Curved surface area of cylinder (C.S.A.) : It is the area of surface from which the cylinder is formed. When we cut
this cylinder along its height, we will find a rectangle with length 2 r and breadth h units.

(i) Curved surface area (C.S.A.) of cylinder = 2rh sq. units


(iv) TSA = C.S.A + Area of circular top & bottom
= 2rh + (r2) + (r2)
= 2rh + r2
= 2r(h + r)sq. units

(iii) volume of cylinder = Area of base × height


= (r2) × h
= r2h cubic units
(where r is the base radius and h is the height of the cylinder).

Hollow cylinder

(i) Outer curved surface area = 2Rh sq. units


(ii) Inner curved surface area = 2rh sq. units
(iii) Area of cross section = (R2 – r2) sq. units
[2]
(iv) Curved Surface Area (C.S.A.) of hollow cylinder
= 2 (R + r) h sq. units
(v) Total surface area (T.S.A.) = 2Rh + 2rh + 2 (R2 – r2) sq. units
(vi) Volume = (R2 – r2)h cu. Units
where, r = Inner radius of Cylinder, R = Outer radius of Cylinder h = Height of the Cylinder

Cone
Right circular Cone:
Shape that the right-angled triangle is forming as it rotates around the string.

Cone which are not right circular cone:

Right circular Cone:

(i) Curved (lateral) surface area (C.S.A.) = rl sq. units


(ii) Total surface area (T.S.A.) = r (l + r) sq. units
1
(iii) Volume =  r 2 h cu. Units
3

Note: (we can safely come to the conclusion that three times the volume of a cone, makes up the volume of a
cylinder).

[3]
(i) Slant height (l)= r 2 + h2
Where, h = height, r = radius of base,  = slant height
Sphere and hemisphere:

(i) Surface area of sphere = 4r2 sq. units


4 2
(ii) Volume of the sphere =  r cu. Units
3
(iii) Curved surface area of a hemisphere = 2 r 2 sq. units
(iv) Total surface area of a hemisphere = 3 r 2 sq. units
2 2
(v) Volume of the hemisphere = r
3

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[4]

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