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Important Questions - Electrochemistry 2023-24 Export

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81 views5 pages

Important Questions - Electrochemistry 2023-24 Export

Uploaded by

Mj Chemistry Faculty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VERY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS 3/5 Marks

1. What do you mean by


i) negative standard electrode potential
Ans: negative standard electrode potential means the tendency to get reduce is less
than hydrogen or greater ease of oxidation compared to that of hydrogen

ii) positive standard electrode potential ?


Ans: positive standard electrode potential means the tendency to get reduced more
than hydrogen.

2. Which cell is generally used in hearing aids? Name the material of the anode,
cathode and the electrolyte. Write the reactions involved.
Ans: Mercury cells are used in hearing aids.
At cathode:
HgO  H 2O  2e  Hg  2OH 
At anode:
Zn  OH   ZnO  H 2O  2e

3. Iron does not rust even if Zinc coating is broken in a galvanised iron pipe but
rusting occurs much faster if tin coating over iron is broken. Explain.
Ans: Fe is less electropositive than Zn. So, as long as Zn on the surface of Fe pipe
then Zn acts as anode and Fe pipe acts as cathode. As a result of this, rusting of Fe
is prevented by Zn.
On the other hand, Zn is more electropositive than Sn, which protects iron until the
Sn coating is unbroken. If any pores or breaks are observed, even tin is there the
exposed iron gets rusted.

4. ‘Corrosion is an electrochemical phenomenon’, explain.


Ans: when a metal surface is exposed to a wet environment, due to the presence of
moisture or air oxidation takes place.

5. Calculate the pH of following cell: Pt,H 2 (1atm) | H  (H 2SO 4 ) , if its electrode


potential is 0.03V.
Ans:Nernst equation for the given cell,
0.0591 [H  ]2
E H /H  E H /H 
0
log
2 2
2 PH2
[H  ]
0.03  0.0  0.0591log
1

Class XII Chemistry www.vedantu.com 12


0.03  0.0591pH
0.03
pH   0.5076
0.0591

6. A cell contains two hydrogen electrodes. The negative electrode is in contact


with a solution of 105 H  ions. The emf of the cell is 0.118V at 298K.
Calculate the concentration of the H  ions at the positive electrode.
Ans: The cell reaction can be represented as,
Pt | H  (105 M)1atm H  (aM) |1atm | Pt
At anode:
H 2  2H   2e
Negative polarity, [H  ]  105 M
At cathode:
2H   2e  H 2
0.0591 [H  ]
E cell  log 5
2 [10 ]
[H  ]
0.118  0.0591log 5
[10 ]
 3
[H ]  10 M
The concentration of the H  ions at the positive electrode = 103 M

7. Crude copper containing Fe and Ag as contamination was subjected to


electro refining by using a current of 175A for 6.434 min. The mass of anode
was found to decrease by 22.260g, while that of cathode was increased by
22.011g . Estimate the % of copper, iron and silver in crude copper.
Ans: 22.260  22.011  0.249g of impurity present.
A current of 175A for 6.434 min(386.04sec) corresponds to
175  386.04  67551.75C of electricity.
Equivalent of Cu is 31.77g
67551.75
The mass of Cu that should be deposited =  31.77  22.239g
96500
Increasing in mass of anode = 22.011g
22.239  22.011  0.228g corresponds to the mass of Cu that is not deposited. This
can be equated to the mass of iron that passed into solution.
The equivalent mass of Fe =27.75g
The mass of Fe = 0.228  27.75  0.199g

Class XII Chemistry www.vedantu.com 13


0.199  100
The percentage of Fe =  0.90%
22.26

8. Zinc electrode is constituted at 298 K by placing Zn rod in 0.1M aqueous


solution of zinc sulphate which is 95% dissociated at this concentration. What
will be the electrode potential of the electrode given that E0Zn2 /Zn  0.76V
Ans: Zn 2  2e  Zn(s)
95
[Zn 2 ]  0.1   0.095M
100
According to Nernst equation,
0.0591 1
E Zn 2 /Zn  E 0Zn 2 /Zn  log
2 [Zn 2 ]
 0.0591 1 
 0.76V   log 
 2 0.095 
0.0591
 0.76   1.0223  0.7902V
2

9. At what pH will hydrogen electrode at 298K show an electrode potential of -


0.118V , when Hydrogen gas is bubbled at 1atm pressure ?
Ans:From Nernst equation,
E cell  E cell
o
 0.0591pH
for hydrogen electrode, E 0cell  0.0V
Then, Ecell  0.0591pH
Given, Ecell  0.118V
pH = 0.5008

10. Electrolysis of the solution of MnSO4 in aqueous sulphuric acid is a method


for the preparation of MnO2 as per the chemical reaction
Mn 2 (aq)  2H 2O  MnO 2 + 2H  (aq)  H 2
Passing a current of 27A for 24 Hrs gives 1Kg of MnO2 . What is the
current efficiency? What are the reactions occurring at anode and cathode?
Ans: According to faraday’s second law of electrolysis,

equivalent weight  current in amperes  time in seconds


weight in grams 
96500
Molecular weight of MnO2 = 87g

Class XII Chemistry www.vedantu.com 14


The oxidation number of Mn in Mn 2 =+2
The oxidation number of Mn in MnO2 =+4
Therefore, the change in the oxidation number = +4-(+2)=+2
87g
Hence, the equivalent weight of MnO2 =  43g
2
Given, weight of MnO2 = 1Kg =1000g
Current = 27A
Time = 24 hrs = (24  60  60)sec
Substitute the values in the faraday’s second law equation,
43.5  i  (24  60  60)
1000g 
96500
i =25.67A
The value of current efficiency during the electrolysis of MnSO4 can be calculated
as,
25.67
Current efficiency =  100  95.074%
27
The reaction takes place at cathode,
2H   2e  H 2
the reaction takes place at anode,
Mn 2  Mn 4  2e

Electrochemistry

1. What do you mean by Kohlrauch’s law: from the following


molar conductivities at infinite dilution
 m Ba  OH  2  457.6 Ω1cm2mol 1
 m Ba Cl 2  240.6 Ω1cm 2mol 1
 m NH 4Cl  129.8 Ω1cm 2mol 1
Calculate  m for NH4OH
Ans: The Kohlrauch’s law states that,
“An infinite dilution each ion migrates independently of it co-ion and makes its own
contribution to the total molar conductivity of an electrolyte irrespective of nature.”
 m( NH4OH)   NH   OH
4

1  1
 ( NH   Cl
)  ( Ba 2  2 OH )  ( Ba 2  2 Cl )
4
2 2
1
  1

  m( NH4Cl)   m(Ba (OH)2 )   m(BaCl2 )
2 2

Class XII Chemistry www.vedantu.com 15
1 1
 m( NH4OH)  129.8   457.6   240.6 = 238.3 Ω1cm2mol1
2 2

2. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction


Zn  Cd2  Zn2  Cd
0
If ECd 2
/Cd
 0.403V
E0Zn2 /Zn =-0.763V
Ans: E0cell  E0Cd2 /Cd  E0Zn 2 /Zn  0.403V  (0.763V)  0.360V
n = 2, then the Nernst equation of equilibrium constant and emf of cell
 nE 0   2  0.360 
log K c   cell      12.20
 0.059   0.059 
K c  antilog(12.20)  1.585  1012

3. Predict the products of electrolyzing of the following


a. A dil. Solution of H2SO4 with Pt electrode
Ans: oxygen gas is liberated at anode and hydrogen gas at cathode.
Reaction at cathode,
2H   2e  H 2
Reaction at anode,
1
H 2O  2H   O2  2e
2

b. An aqueous solution of AgNO3 with a silver electrode.


Ans: at cathode: silver ions will deposited in preference to hydrogen ions
At anode : Ag  Ag   e

Class XII Chemistry www.vedantu.com 16

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