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Five forces analysis

ASSESSMENT' ONE

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10 views

Five forces analysis

ASSESSMENT' ONE

Uploaded by

shuyic0710
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysing the environment - Five Forces Analysis

Five forces analysis helps the marketer to contrast a competitive environment. It has similarities with
other tools for environmental audit, such as PEST analysis, but tends to focus on the single, stand
alone, business or SBU (Strategic Business Unit) rather than a single product or range of products.
For example, Dell would analyse the market for Business Computers i.e. one of its SBUs.

Five forces looks at five key areas namely the threat of entry, the power of buyers, the power of
suppliers, the threat of substitutes, and competitive rivalry.

The threat of entry.

 Economies of scale e.g. the benefits associated with bulk purchasing.


 The high or low cost of entry e.g. how much will it cost for the latest technology?
 Ease of access to distribution channels e.g. Do our competitors have the distribution channels
sewn up?
 Cost advantages not related to the size of the company e.g. personal contacts or knowledge
that larger companies do not own or learning curve effects.
 Will competitors retaliate?
 Government action e.g. will new laws be introduced that will weaken our competitive
position?
 How important is differentiation? e.g. The Champagne brand cannot be copied. This
desensitises the influence of the environment.

The power of buyers

 This is high where there a few, large players in a market e.g. the large grocery chains.
 If there are a large number of undifferentiated, small suppliers e.g. small farming businesses
supplying the large grocery chains.
 The cost of switching between suppliers is low e.g. from one fleet supplier of trucks to
another.

The power of suppliers

 The power of suppliers tends to be a reversal of the power of buyers.


 Where the switching costs are high e.g. Switching from one software supplier to another.
 Power is high where the brand is powerful e.g. Cadillac, Pizza Hut, Microsoft.
 There is a possibility of the supplier integrating forward e.g. Brewers buying bars.
 Customers are fragmented (not in clusters) so that they have little bargaining power e.g.
Gas/Petrol stations in remote places.

The threat of substitutes

 Where there is product-for-product substitution e.g. email for fax Where there is substitution
of need e.g. better toothpaste reduces the need for dentists.
 Where there is generic substitution (competing for the currency in your pocket) e.g. Video
suppliers compete with travel companies.
 We could always do without e.g. cigarettes.

Competitive Rivalry

 This is most likely to be high where entry is likely; there is the threat of substitute products,
and suppliers and buyers in the market attempt to control. This is why it is always seen in the
center of the diagram.

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