Fleet Automation using IoT Logistics
Fleet Automation using IoT Logistics
mishap happens the value of one of the sensor changes and a The layer includes the truck information maintenance for
message to a predefined number (of the emergency vehicle) the automatic updation of the necessary information to
is circulated through GSM. The GPS module whishes reduce the resource wastage. This layer provides
conjointly interfaced with the controller likewise sends the information such as fuel observation, engine temperature,
area of the vehicle. fuel consumption, location, etc. of the truck. Based on the
provided information the fleet data is sustained among the
At the point when the message is gotten by the rescue
cloud server and user interface.
vehicle, a reasonable course should be given to the
emergency vehicle. The emergency vehicle includes a The key objective of this work are as follows:
controller ARM that is interfaced with the RFID tag sends
electromagnetic waves. When a car arrives at the light the The fuel level of the truck is monitored.
RFID peruser that is set on the joints locate the To measure fuel utilization by the vehicle as for
electromagnetic influxes of the tag. In the event that the separation crossed.
traffic sign is red, at that point the perusers experiences the
database in portion of seconds and switch the red light To limit the fuel wastage of the truck due to the
green. What's more, precisely in such condition the RFID on unmaintained position.
inverse joints flip the contrary sign red. This gives an In an enormous association to limit the hardness in
unmistakable course to the emergency vehicle In [5], the observing the whole vehicle.
paper exhibits objective of fleet monitoring and
management. The system has two units: the main is the To fabricate a framework which is conceivable to
security unit consisting of a GSM, GPS, relay, current do every one of the things referenced above with high
sensor and microcontroller. The current sensor will unwavering quality and minimal effort.
communicate an analog signal to the controller whenever
3.1 Problem Statement & Objective
the car is moving and validation is done by sending SMS to
the owner. In [6], motors of vehicles are organized using Intelligent real-time monitoring of trucks calibrates
GSM and microcontroller. The secret word which has been weight in the motion of cargo vehicle and its location
declared needs to be sorted out for the vehicle to start. Right through the GPS is to provide reliable and affordable
when the mystery word organizes at that point and at intelligent truck monitoring system through the emerging
precisely that point start of the vehicle will start. Each time technologies like Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud
mystery key fails to coordinate to the three preliminaries Computing that supports the productivity, profitability, and
then structure will begins the alarm and it will send the safety for the commercial cargo industry.
message to the proprietor through GSM framework.
A. Truck weight calculating without Load
Paper [7] proposed a novel architecture that controls
Two conditions will be applied as per Einstein's
home appliances through GSM using IoT architecture.
Theory of Relativity to calculate the weight of the truck
precisely without a load attached to it. Initially truck's
III. PROPOSED MODEL weight is measured without any load attached to it when the
In this section, the generic framework for the IoT based truck is not in motion on the flat surface. Now, the
fleet automation is described with the overall framework truck's weight is calculated without any load attached to it
design is shown in Figure 1.1. The complete framework for but the truck should in motion. Weight calculation takes
the management of transportation resource management place on the flat surface.
involved to provide efficient fleet management based on the B. Truck weight calculating with Load
user’s requirements. The overall architecture includes
mainly three layers for the resource management: Two conditions will be applied to calculate the weight of
the truck precisely with the load attached to it. Here, weight
A. Fleet IoT Layer measurement is done by the spring suspension method on
The first layer of this framework includes the necessary various road conditions.Cargo is loaded on the truck first.
sensors information of the truck and the configuration of the Next, the truck's weight is measured when the truck is not in
board with GPS. The information regarding the sensors with motion on a flat surface. A cargo is loaded on the truck.
configuration of the circuit to represent the IoT information Next, truck's weight is measured but the truck should be in
for the fleet management is described. motion. Weight calculation takes place on the flat surface,
hilly roads and various road conditions.
B. Fleet Web Layer
C. Weight Calculation
This layer of the framework describes the user interface
and the cloud server configuration. The user interface for the In spring suspension method, the weight measurement is
communication among the users are managed in this layer. done at the center of the axle groups where a precision
The information transmission among the IoT configuration sensor is placed. A truck has various axle groups such as a
and the user interface consume the input and output two axle, three axle, four axle, that depends on the weight
management among the cloud server and the IoT capacity of the truck. The sensor detects strain in the axle
information of the truck. The information are stored and groups. Then it is read by the IoT board and converts
retrieved from the cloud server to the interface of the fleet kilograms into digital data specifically to push the data into
web layer. the cloud.
C. Fleet Data Maintenance Layer
Published By:
Retrieval Number F8911088619/2019©BEIESP 4232 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8911.088619 & Sciences Publication
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)
ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-8 Issue-6, August 2019
FleetWeb Layer
Fleet Data
Maintenance Layer
Engine Current Location,
Temperature, Fuel Air Pressure
Level, Live Status Weight of the
Truck
Figure 1.1 Architecture Diagram of the Fleet Automation System
Configuration Features
WCDMA: B1/B5/B8
GSM: 850/900/1800/1900MHz
Configuration Features
Bandwidth 1.4/3/5/10/15/20MHz
Table 1.3: Specifications
Data LTE
UTMS
TD-SCDMA
Published By:
Retrieval Number F8911088619/2019©BEIESP 4234 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8911.088619 & Sciences Publication
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)
ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-8 Issue-6, August 2019
CDMA2000
GSM
3.3 Fleet- Automotive Web System with IOT Data successfully, IoT board will set the various conditions on the
Server basis of road types.
Intelligent Truck Application is an Android mobile Case I
application, it can track the route of the vehicle at any given
In case the load weight of the truck is reduced
moment adapted by the Internet of Things technology. To
sometimes because of varying road conditions. The reduced
know the exact location and load capacity of the truck by the
data will be read by the IoT board and compared with
customer while the truck is in motion and It can show us
already existing data which is tested initially. The user and
time delay, load weight variation and live traffic in which
truck driver will get notified that contains weight diminished
truck crosses by. The user can access the information about
and type of road where the truck goes on. Therefore, the
the truck like its travelling time, load capacity, arrival time
notification will be sent deliberately which will have the
and departure time, destination and this history can be
weight deviation from the originally tested weight and will
retrieved whenever It needs from the Cloud Server. The
have the reason for the weight reduced. Hence, it enables
following features will be delivered by this application to
user to understand the cause for the weight loss. Weight
our customers. This application is deliberately embodied
reduced will be expressed in terms of kilograms.
with SHA-2 and ECC encryption algorithm. For example, if
particular data sent from the truck via communication Case II
protocols like MQTT, HTTPS, COAP are encrypted first,
then when the data reach destination, it is decrypted by the In case the weight of the truck is decreased to
applied algorithm and gives the correct particulars of the certain level which is set and programmed inside the IoT
vehicle.A multi-level sensor more than once faculties the board. Then, the obtained data will be processed by itself. In
case the data is not matched with the tested conditions, then
fuel level in the tank, live area, temperature, for example,
an alert message will be given to the authorized person and
the detail send the data to the controller. The acknowledged
the driver. It helps them to find out the weight loss precisely
information will be changed over to a transmittable structure
and the sent to the control database which will be worked and gets rectified as well.
with web in an appropriate and helpful medium (likely air is Case III
the medium) utilizing REST API. A similar transmitter is
utilized in transmitting the separation crossed data all the In case the half of the load capacity is reduced and
while. The database gets every one of the information it is identified by the IoT board. This instructs the authorized
identified with status of the vehicle. Likewise to the control person to have rights to stop the truck engine remotely with
component it looks at the fuel utilization to predefined sum the support of Internet of Things (IoT). This option is
as referenced by the association. According to the state of internally programmed for the person especially who owns
the vehicle beginning control measures are sent to the driver the truck.
and the status related data is sent to the control association. B) Live Tracking
The fleet resource management association gives serious
control measures to the driver in keeping up the state of the Truck's route can be traced as the IoT board
vehicle in a legitimate manner. The interface to the contains inbuilt Global Positioning System (GPS) and it is
association with the vehicle can be given in any helpful programmed with Google API to fetch the location of the
stage (for example it tends to be a versatile stage or any truck which is currently travelling. This particular feature
online interface) for the association. not only gives the exact location but also determines time
delay, live traffic for the truck to avoid the traffic jams.
A) Weight Variation Identified with IoT board – Asset
Management C) Work Flow of Real-Time Monitoring
weighing transducer placed at the center of the axle it. It enables the user to get the alternate way to get rid
inside the truck that calculates the strain in the axle. of the traffic.
It keeps updating the timing of the truck to know
Once the precision sensor detects the strain which the destination time coming or delayed time due to
is then gauged and converted the data which may be some specific reasons. So, the retailer or owner who
obtained in terms of pounds or kilograms. receives the load will come to know the reason for the
delay.
Next, the computed kilograms will get modified
into digital pulses (commonly referred as digital It also has a feature to fetch the previous detailed
signals), by the IoT board attached with the endpoint information about the each truck drivers efficiency
device. which adapts this application. This feature will be more
useful for the clients to choose the particular truck to
Once data is read from the endpoint device, the
send to the definite location.
data get encrypted with either SHA-2 encryption or
ECC encryption. The data may then be collected by the E) Maintaining Vehicle Health
gateway from the IoT board. The gateway may be
Engine diagnostic with internet of Things (IoT) is a
either LTE data connectivity or Wi-Fi connectivity.
system to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional
LTE provides data transmission service to send the engine diagnostic systems. Specifically, it is a system that
data from endpoint to the authorized person. sends information over the On Board diagnosis (OBD-II)
connection employing a wireless system that connects to the
The gateway aggregates data first and includes a
web. The device used for accessing and transmitting the data
web server which forwards data to cloud via HTTPS
is easy, low-cost, and easy-to-install. Stakeholders
protocol to internetwork using the MQTT protocol.
worldwide are troubled to terminate standards to permit
The gateways always forward responses between specialized wireless on- board units (OBUs) to directly act
the endpoint device and the user or authorized person. with the control area network (CAN-bus) and to speak with
alternative OBUs and with roadside units, underneath any
After the data reach at the user location, It is then
propagation condition, intermittent property, and traffic
decrypted with either of the algorithms above
density [11]. As for this project, there are three system
mentioned. Finally the data get converted into platform is considered. CAN-bus knowledge collection for
appropriate form to view on the web server as well as
the purpose of collecting data from ecu to Arduino with
mobile application.
mistreatment CAN-bus converter. CAN-bus conversion for
D) Truck History changing byte data that receive by Arduino into decimal raw
data which will be processed, calculate and easy to grasp by
Truck history maintains two year data of every truck human. additionally the part of sending converted CAN-bus
transport details by every single service, it maintain routes, data to cloud storage via IoT.
weights, on-time diesel and other detail also
The ECU will transfer data in CAN-bus communication
i) Off Line Weight Scaling to the Arduino UNO microcontroller via MCP2515 CAN-
It initially scales size of the load which bus converter. MCP2515 CAN-bus converter will connect
carries by the truck. It determines the measurements to the Arduino through Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and
like truck is empty, fully loaded, half-loaded, or CAN Hi/Low to the ECU Haltech Sprint 500. Data from
overloaded. It is done when the truck is not in motion. ECU will be in form data packet that consist CAN-id and
another data in Hex value. The Arduino will be need to
ii) On Line Weight Scaling: separate that data packet to obtain the engine raw data. Data
This application keeps updating data on concerning that obtain from ECU will be sending to cloud by using
weight scaling by collecting data from the weighing ESP8266 wifi module in REST architecture method. Our
sensor only when the truck is going on flat surfaces. IOT Board is communicating with Arduino by software
serial that can make algorithm sending the data by
One of the main features of this application is the HTTP request script that will fill truck.ggiitinfo.com
user can deliberately control the truck’s engine cloud. Using this process the Air Pressure, Engine
remotely to start or to stop functioning of the truck. Temperature, Fuel Level Transferred to the Cloud.
It has a potential to calculate the weighing i) Driver Details and Live Camera
measurements precisely and determines whether it is
fully loaded with cargo or not, even when the truck is This section provides the information regarding the
in motion. It makes updating concurrently to the behavior of the driver with live camera monitoring. The
authorized party since this application has featured and behavioral information provided by this aspect is useful in
supported by Internet of Things (IoT) technology. monitoring the unnecessary activities of the driver or theft
activities made by the driver are also avoided. By avoiding
Showing the real time activities of the track is those activities should preserve the resource wastage and
given with integration of Global Positioning System alert the driver to change their behavior.
(GPS), which updates information to the application
through Google API. ii) Truck Current
Location Map
It updates even the traffic which faces by the truck
while travelling to the destination with the load behind
Published By:
Retrieval Number F8911088619/2019©BEIESP 4236 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8911.088619 & Sciences Publication
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)
ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-8 Issue-6, August 2019
This facet of this section provides the present location of ubiquitous nature of Google Maps, and
the truck with the map representation. To represent the the huge popularity of Google generally. Leaflet is
present location map of the truck a platform that people usually hear regarding once they
is conferred exploitation Leaflet technology. Leaflet is need done some mapping — it’s an open-source,
the leading open-source JavaScript library for mobile- freely offered mapping plugin for JavaScript that
friendly interactive maps. It works with efficiency across all has several add-ons and plugins at users’ disposal. It needs a
major desktop and mobile platforms, may be extended little more developer knowledge to
with various plugins. Google Maps API is induce started, however it’s a favorite of open-sources. This
unquestionably the titan of interactive mapping online. They work live tracking maintained by Leaflet map output is
are typically the first platform that new interactive mappers show within the following figure one.6
learn, due to the benefit of obtaining started, the
IDLE Engine off Status Figure 1.7 Sample Screenshot of Engine speed.
The information of the cloud server is depicted in Table
MOVING Engine Running , 1.5. The table depicts that the configuration includes
Location Changing hardware and specifications of the cloud server.
AUTHORS PROFILE
Mrs.R.MahaLakshmi Priya, M.Sc., M.Phil., Senior
Programmer, GGIITINFO, Madurai, India. She has 7
years of development experience and published 2
papers and attended more than 2 international
conferences. She is a multi-dimensional person,
because she is a Researcher, Educationist, and
Programmer. Her research area Image Processing, IoT, Data Mining and
Networking.
Published By:
Retrieval Number F8911088619/2019©BEIESP 4238 Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8911.088619 & Sciences Publication