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Vapour Compression Refrigeration System (Performance Analysis)

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43 views19 pages

Vapour Compression Refrigeration System (Performance Analysis)

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Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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REFRIGERATION

AND
AIR-CONDITIONING

VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS


Performance Analysis

PREPARED BY
NIRANJAN BASTAKOTI
VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEMS
CONTENTS

• Schematic and P-h and T-s diagrams

• Analysis of COP

• Performance Analysis
• Effect of Evaporatur Pressure
• Effect of Condenser Pressure
• Subcooling and Superheating
• Liquid Suction Heat Exchanger
• Flash Chamber

• Actual Vapour Compression Refrigeration System

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEMS

Standard Vapour Compression Refrigeration System


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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEMS

P-h and T-s diagram for vapour compression refrigeration system

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Analysis of COP

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Analysis of COP

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Performance Analysis

• Effect of Suction and Discharge Pressure

• Different Optimization techniques

• Actual VCRS

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Performance Analysis, Effect of Evaporator Pressure

As evaporator pressure is
increased:

Compression load decreases


Refrigeration effect increases
COP increases

AS EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE / PRESSURE INCREASES COP INCREASES


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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Performance Analysis, Effect of Condenser Pressure

As condenser pressure
decreases:

Compression load decreases


Refrigeration effect increases
COP increases

AS CONDENSER TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE DECREASES COP INCREASES


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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Performance Analysis, Subcooling

Refrigeration effect increases

Less vapour at the inlet of


evaporator which leads to low
pressure drop in the evaporator

REFRIGERATION EFFECT INCREASES

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Performance Analysis, Superheating

Useful Superheat increases both


the refrigeration effect as well as
the work of compression.

Hence COP may or may not


increase with super heat

SUPERHEAT IS DESIRABLE AS IT PREVENTS ENTRY OF LIQUID DROPLETS INTO


THE COMPRESSOR
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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Performance Analysis, Liquid Suction heat exchanger

A single stage VCRS with Liquid Suction Heat Exchanger


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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Performance Analysis, Liquid Suction heat exchanger

May enhance or reduce performance that depends on refrigerants


Main purpose is to prevent water droplets in entering the compressor and vapour in
entering expansion valve
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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Flash Chamber

Simple VCRS with a flash chamber


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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Flash Chamber

Is thermodynamically same as Simple Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle. It prevents


vapour from entering the expansion valve.
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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Actual Cycle

P-h and T-s diagram from actual vapour compression refrigeration cycle

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Actual Cycle

FEATURES
• Pressure drop in evaporator, condenser
• Pressure drop across suction and discharge valve of compressor
• Heat transfer in compressor
• Pressure drop and heat transfer in connection pipe

IMPORTANT
• Pressure drop in suction side has effect on compressor suction volume
• Reduction in system capacity
• Increase in power input
• Life of compressor reduced due to large discharge temperature

• Heat transfer in suction line and pressure drop decreases density of refrigerant (This
limits the length of pipe in Air-conditinoning sytems like Split Ac)

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VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
SYSTEM
Actual Cycle

• From performance point of view, the pressure drop in the evaporator, in the suction line
and across the suction valve has a significant effect on
system performance.
•
• This is due to the reason that as suction side pressure drop increases
the specific volume at suction, compression ratio and discharge temperature increases.

• All these effects lead to reduction in system capacity, increase in power input and also
affect the life of the compressor due to higher discharge
temperature.

• Hence this pressure drop should be as small as possible for good performance.

• The pressure drop depends on the refrigerant velocity, length of refrigerant tubing and
layout (bends, joints etc.).

• Pressure drop decreases density of refrigerant (This limits the length of pipe in Air-
conditioning sytems like Split Ac)
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THANK YOU

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