CBSE _BIOLOGY_ASSIGNMENT_2

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Previous Year’s Questions (1 Mark Questions)

1. In human beings, where genotype AABBCC represents dark skin colour, aabbcc represents light skin
colour and AaBbCc represents intermediate skin colour; the pattern of genetic inhrtance can be
termed as CBSE SQP 2021-22
(a) Pleiotropy and codominance
(b) Pleiotrophy and incomplete dominance
(c) Polygenic and qualitative inheritance
(d) Polygenic and quantitative inheritance

2. How many type of gametes would be produced if the genotype of a parent is AaBb?
CBSE SQP2021-22
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

3. Which of the following statement indicates parallelism in genes and chromosomes? 2021-22
(i) They occur in pairs
(ii) They segregate during gamete formation
(iii) They show linkage
(iv) Independent pair segregate independently
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv)

4. A cross is made between tall pea plants having green pods and dwarf pea plants having yellow pods.
In the F 2 generation, out of 80 plants, how many are likely to be tall plants?
CBSE SQP 2021-22 Term-l
(a) 15 (b) 20 (c) 45 (d) 60

5. In Antirrhinum, RR is phenotypically red flowers, rr is white and Rr is pink. Select the correct
phenotypic ratio in F1 generation, when a cross is performed between RR X Rr. CBSE SQP 2021-22
Term-l
(a) 1 red 1 pink : 1 white (b) 2 pink 1 white
(c) 2 red: 2 pink (d) All pink

6. What would be the genotype of the parents if the offspring have the phenotypes in 1:1 proportion?
CBSE SQP 2021-22 Term-l
(a) Aa X Aa (b) AA X AA
(c) Aa X AA (d) Aa X aa

7. Genotypic ratio of 1:2:1 is obtained in a cross between CBSE SQP 2021-22 Term-1

(a) AB X AB (b) Ab X Ab
 (c) Ab X ab (d) ab X ab
8. The following are results of crossing a females fly (AaBb) with a male fly (aabb).
CBSE SQP 2021-22 Term-1
AaBb 1005 aabb 1000
Aabb 200 aaBb 210
Which two genotypes are the recombinant offsprings?
(a) AaBb and Aabb (b) AaBb and aaBb
(c) Aabb and aaBb (d) AaBb and aabb

9. The gene that controls the ABO blood group system in human beings has three alleles, I A , I B and 1.
A child has blood group O. His father has blood group A and mother has blood group B. Genotypes of
other offsprings can be CBSE SQP 2021-22 Term-1
A
(i) I IB (ii) I i A

(iii) IB i A B
(iv) I I
(v) ii
(a) i, ii, iii and V (b) ii, iii, iv and v
(c) iii, iv and v (d) i, iii and iv
10. Given below is a dihybrid cross performed on Drosophila. CBSE SQP 2021-22 Term-1

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn on the basis of this cross? When yellow bodied (y), white eyed
(w) Drosophila females were hybridised with brown bodied (y+), red eyed males (w+) and F₁ progenies were
intercrossed, F₂-generation would have shown the following ratio.
(a) 1 : 2 : 1 because of linkage of genes
(b) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 because of recombination of genes
(c) Deviation from 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 ratio because of segregation of genes
(d) Deviation from 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 ratio because of linkage of genes
11. Given below are the pairs of contrasting traits in Pisum sativum as studied by Mendel. Identify the incorrect
pair of traits. CBSE 2021-22 Term-1
 Characters Dominant Recessive

(a) Stem height Tall Dwarf

(b) Seed shape Round Wrinkled

(c) Pod colour Yellow Green

(d) Flower positions Axial Terminal

12. According to Mendel, the nature of the unit factors that control the expression of traits were. CBSE 2021-22
(a) Stable
(b) Blending
(c) Stable and discrete
(d) Discrete
13. In pisum sativum, the flower position may be axial (aalele A) or terminal (allele a). What would be
the percentage of the offspring with respect to axial flower position, if a cross is made between
parents Aa X aa? CBSE2021-22
(a) 25% (b) 50%
(c) 75% (d) 100%
14. The probability of all possible genotypes of offsprings in a genetic cross can be obtained with the
help of CBSE 2021-22
15. Possibility of the groups of the children in a family where the father is heterozygous for blood group
‘A’ and the mother is heterozygous for blood group ‘B’ would be CBSE 2021-22
(a) blood groups A, B (b) blood groups A, B, O
(c) blood group AB, O (d) blood groups A, B, AB,O
16. The number of different type of gametes that would be produced from a parent with genotype
AABBCc is CBSE 2021-22 Term-
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
Direction (Q. Nos. 17-18) consist of two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
(c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false
(d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true
17. Assertion When white eyed, yellow bodied Drosophila females were hybridised with red eyed,
brown-bodied males; and F₁-progeny was intercrossed, F₂ ratio deviated from 9:3:3:1.
Reason When two genes in a dihybrid are on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene
combinations is much higher than the non-parental type. CBSE SQP 2023

18. Assertion When the two genes in a dihybrid cross are situated on the some chromosome, the
proportion of parental gene combinations is much higher than non-parental type.
 Reason higher parental gene combinations can be attributed to crossing over between two genes.
CBSE 2021-
22
Very Short Answer Type Questions
19. A snapdragon plant with violet flowers was crossed with another such plant with white flowers. The
F1 progeny obtained had pink flowers. Explain in brief, the inheritance pattern seen in offspring of F 1
generation. CBSE SQP 2020
20. Name the pattern of inheritance where F1 –phenotype All India 2019
(i) resembles only one of the two parents.
(ii) does not resemble either of the two parents and is in between the two.
21. British geneticist RC Punnett developed a graphical representation of a genetic cross called 'Punnett
Square Mention the possible result this representation predicts of the genetic cross carried. 2019
22. A cross was carried out between two pea plants showing the contrasting traits of height of the plant.
The result of the cross showed 50% of parental characters. Name the type of cross. CBSE SQP 2018
23. Name the type of cross that would help to find the genotype of a plant bearing violet flowers.
All india 2017
24. State a difference between a gene and an allele All India 2016
25. Give an example of polygenic trait in humans. Delhi 2016C
26. On what basis is the skin colour in humans considered polygenic? Delhi 201
27. A geneticist interested in studying variations and patterns of inheritance in living beings prefers to
choose organisms for experiments with shorter life cycle. Provide a reason. Delhi 2015
2 Marks Questions
28. By using Punnett square depict the genotypes and phenotypes of the test crosses [when green pod
colour (G) is dominant over yellow pod colour (g)] in garden pea with unknown genotype. CBSE 2023
29. A true-breeding pea plant, homozygous dominant for inflated green pods is crossed with another
pea plant with constricted yellow pods (ffgg). With the help of punnett square show the above cross
and mention the results obtained phenotypically and genotypically in F 1- generation. CBSE 2023
30. Two children one with blood group AB' and other with blood group 'O' are born to parents, where
the father has blood group A and the mother has blood group 'B' Work out a cross to show how is it
possible? Delhi 2020
31. Why is it not possible to study the inheritance pattern of traits in human beings, the same way as it
is done in pea plant? Name the alternate method employed for such an analysis of human traits.
CBSE SQP 2020
32. Explain polygenic inheritance with the help of an example. All India 2019
33. State the Mendelian principle which can be derived from a dihybrid cross and not from monohybrid
cross. CBSE 2019
34. When does a geneticist need to carry a test cross? Foreign 2015
35. Why did TH Morgan select Drosophila melanogaster to study sex-linked genese for his lab
experiments.
36. Give an example of a gene responsible for multiple phenotypic expressions. What are such genes
called? State the cause that is responsible for such an effect. Foreign 2015
37. The F2 progeny of a monohybrid ross showed phenotypic and genotypic ratio as 1: 2: 1, unlike that of
mendel’s example, work out a cross and explain how it is possible. All India 2015
3 Marks Questions
38. How would you find out the genotype of a pea plant with violet flowers? Explain with the help of
punnett square showing crosses. CBSE SQP 2021
39. State Mendel’s law of dominance. How did he deduce the law? Explain with the help of a suitable
example. All India 2020
40. Explain Mendel’s law of segregation in a typical monohybrid cross with the help of a suitable
example. All India 2020
41. Explain the phenomena of dominance, multiple allelism and codominance taking human ABO blood
group as an example. All India 2019
42. Compare in any three ways the chromosomal theory of inheritance as proposed by Sutton and
Bovery with that of experimental results on pea plant presented by Mendel. Delhi 2019
43. (i) Explain the linkage and recombination as put forth by TH Morgan based on his observations with
Drosophila melanogaster crossing experiment.
(ii) Write the basis on which Alfred Sturtevant explained gene mapping. Delhi 2019
44. When a snapdragon plant bearing pink colour flower was selfed, it was found that, 69 plants were
having red coloured floers. What would be the number of plants bearing pink flower and white
flower. Show with the help of Punnett square. Identify the principle of inheritance involved in this
experiment. CBSE SQP 2018
45. What is a test cross? How can it decipher the heterozygosity of a plant? All India 2016
46. How would you find genotype of a tall pea plant bearing white flowers? Explain with the help of a
cross. Name the type of cross you would use. Delhi 2016
47. Although Mendel published his work on inheritance of characters in 1865 but for several reasons, it
remained unrecognized till 900. Explain giving three easons, why did it take so long. Delhi 2016
48. Explain the laws that Mendel derived from his monohybrid crosses. Delhi 2016
49. A teacher wants his/her students to find the genotype of pea plants bearing purple coloured flowers
in their school garden. Name and explain the cross that will make it possible. Delhi 2015
50. During a monohybrid cross involving a tall pea plant with a dwarf pea plant, the offspring
populations were tall and dwarf in equal ratio. Work out a cross to show how it is possible?
All India 2015
5 Marks Questions
51. In shorthorn cattle, the coat colours red or white are controlled by a single pair of alleles. A calf
which receives the allele for red coat from its mother and the allele for white coat from its father is
called a 'roan' It has an equal number of red and white hairs in its coat. CBSE SQP 2023
(i) Is this an example of codominance or of incomplete dominance?
(ii) Give a reason for your answer
(iii) With the help of genetic cross explain what will be the consequent phenotype of the calf when
(a) red is dominant over white
(b) red is incompletely dominant.
52. Describe the dihybrid cross upto F2 – generations as conducted by Gregor Mendel using pure lines of
garden pea for characters seed shape and seed colour. CBSE 2023
 Or
53. State and explain the the ‘law of independent assortment’ in a typical Mendelian dihybrid cross.
Delhi 2017
54. it is sometimes observed that the F 1- progeny has a phenotype that not resemble either of the two
parents and has intermediate phenotype. Explain by taking a suitable example by taking a suitable
example and working out the cross upto F2- progeny. CBSE 2023
55. “It is sometimes observed that the F1- progeny shows a phenotype that resembles both the parents.”
Explain this type of inheritance using the exmplae of A, B, O blood group in human CBSE 2023
56. A cross was carried out between two pea plants homozygous dominant for yellow and round seeds
with homozygous recessive for the same trait.
The F2- progeny of such a cross showed phenotypic ratio of 9: 3: 3: 1.
(i) State the different laws of Mendel that could be derived from such a cross.
(ii) Write the possible genotypes for the progeny for such a cross having
(a) Yellow and wrinkled seeds.
(b) Green and round seeds. Delhi 2020
57. A group of F1 pea plants produce round and yellow seeds. however, when selfedtheir offspring
provided a 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 phenotypic ratio for seed shape and colour, with some seeds being wrinkled
and green and others wrinkled and yellow.
(i) Explain with the help of a punett square their phenotypes, genotypes and respective given
phenotypic ratios of F2- population.
(ii) State Mendel’s law that can be deduced only from such a cross. Delhi 2020
58. How do certain phenotypes appear in F 2 populations when none of the parents originally exhibited
them in a dihybrid cross conducted by G Mendle in pea plants? Explain
Prepare punnett square to substantiate your answer. Delhi 2020
59. (i) Why did TH Morgan select Dosophila melanogaster for his experiments?
(iii) How did he disprove Mendelian dihybid F2 phenotypic ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1? Explain giving reasons.
All India 2020
60. Certain phenotypes in human population are spread over a gradient and reflect the contribution of
more than two genes. Mention the term used for the type of inheritance. Describe it with the help of
an example in human population. CBSE SQP 2020
61. (1) Work out the crosses so as to obtain the phenotypic ratios given below:
(a) 1: 2: 1 (in F2 - generation)
(b) 3 : 1 (in F2 - generation)
(c) 1 : 1 (in F1 - generation)
(ii) Differentiate between pleiotropy and polygenic inheritance patterns. All India 2019
62. Differentiate between incomplete dominance and codominance. Substantiate your answer with one
example of each. Delhi 2019
63. (i) Write the scientific name of the organism Thomas Hunt Morgan and his colleagues worked with
for their experiments.
Explain the correlation between linkage and recombination with respect to genes as studied by
them.
(ii) How did Sturtevant explain gene mapping while working with Morgan? CBSE 2018
64. (i) A couple with blood group A and B, respectively have a child with blood group O. Work out a cross
to show how it is possible and the probable blood groups that can be expected in their other
offspring?
(ii) Explain the genetic basis of blood groups in human population. All India 2015C, Delhi 2015
65.