Project Name :

THE GABE OIL

Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

1. PROBLEM
The objective of this calculation is to determine the correct size of control valve for liquid
service. Calculation methods are done according to ISA and IEC procedures.

2. PROCESS DATA
2.1 Liquid Data
Fluid name = Butanol
Volumetric Flowrate Q = 100 m3/h
Inlet Pressure Pin = 1,5 Bar
Outlet Pressure Pout = 1,1 Bar
Pressure Drop ∆𝑃 = 0,4 Bar
Vapor Pressure Pvap = 0,058 Bar
Critical Pressure Pc = 44,13 Bar
o
Operating Temperature Toperating = 50 C
Density at Temperature 𝜌 = 785,35 kg/m3
Specific Gravity SG = 0,782

2.2 Valve Data

Valve Type = Globe Valve
Valve Characteristics = Equal Percentage
Valve Nominal Size NPS = 4 inch
Flow Coefficient CV = 203
Liquid Pressure Recovery Factor FL = 0,9 From ISA-75.01.01

3.3 Piping Data

Upstream Nominal Pipe Size NPS = 8 inch
Upstream Pipe Schedule Sch = 40, 40S
Upstream Inside Diameter IDu = 7,981 inch
Downstream Nominal Pipe Size NPS = 8 inch
Downstream Pipe Schedule Sch = 40, 40S
Downstream Inside Diameter IDd = 7,981 inch
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

3. CALCULATION
The calculation begun by determining the Piping Geometry Factor (FP) and Liquid Pressure
Recovery Factor (FLP)

1 Legend
𝐹𝑃 = 2
K1 : Resistance coeff. Of upstream inlet
σ 𝐾 𝐶𝑣 K2
1+ : Resistance coeff. of downstream inlet
2
𝑁2 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 KB1 : Inlet Bernoulli coeff.
KB2 : Outlet Bernoulli coeff.
1 dnom : Nominal Valve Size (in)
𝐹𝐿𝑃 = 2
D : Internal Pipe Diameter
𝐾1 + 𝐾𝐵1 𝐶𝑣 1 CV : Flow coeff. Assumed at 100% open
+
𝑁2 2
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝐹𝐿2

Σ𝐾 = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 + 𝐾𝐵1 − 𝐾𝐵2

The ΣK term is the algebraic sum of the velocity head loss coefficients of all of the fittings
that are attached to the control valve. Where:

2 2 2 2
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚
𝐾1 = 0.5 1 − 𝐾2 = 1.0 1 −
𝐷12 𝐷22
For identical fittings or reducer:
2 2
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚
𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = 1.5 1 −
𝐷2
4 4
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚
𝐾𝐵1 = 1 − 𝐾𝐵2 = 1 −
𝐷1 𝐷2

First, determine the compulsory resistance coefficients:

Resistance coeff. of upstream inlet K1 = 0,28
Resistance coeff. of downstream inlet K2 = 0,56
K1 + K2 = 0,84 or;
Resistance coeff. of inlet & outlet K1 + K2 = 0,84
Outlet Bernoulli coeff. KB2 = 0,937
Inlet Bernoulli coeff. KB1 = 0,937
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

Total velocity head loss coefficient ΣK = 0,84

Equation constant N1 = 0,87
N2 = 890,00

Thus, FP and FLP :

1
𝐹𝑃 = 2
σ 𝐾 𝐶𝑣
1+ 2
𝑁2 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚

1
𝐹𝐿𝑃 = 2
𝐾1 + 𝐾𝐵1 𝐶𝑣 1
+
𝑁2 2
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝐹𝐿2

Piping Geometry Factor Fp = 0,932

Liquid Pressure Recovery Factor FLP = 0,829

After calculating the Piping Geometry Factor and Liquid Pressure Recovery Factor,
now we move to determine the pressure drop tp use for sizing. To size an
appropriate control valve, it is essential to select the lowest pressure drop. If the
actual pressure drop across the valve (ΔP) exceeds the choked pressure drop
(ΔPchoked), the choked pressure drop should be used. Failing to do so may result in
a higher pressure drop, leading to cavitation and flashing, which can cause damage
to various components of the valve.

Actual Pressure Drop ΔPactual = 0,4 Bar

Before we calculate the choked pressure drop, we calculate the liquid critical
pressure ratio factor (FF) first:
𝑃𝑣
𝐹𝐹 = 0,96 − 0,28
𝑃𝑐
Liquid Critical Pressure Ratio Factor FF = 0,95
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

Thus, the choked pressure drop is: ΔPchoked = 1,14 Bar

2
𝐹𝐿𝑃
𝛥𝑃𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑘𝑒𝑑 = (𝑃1 − 𝐹𝐹 𝑃𝑣 )
𝐹𝑃

Selected Pressure Drop ΔP = Actual

ΔP = 0,40 Bar

Therefore, now we can calculate the Required Flow Coefficient (CVreq)

𝑄
𝐶𝑉 =
Δ𝑃𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑁1 𝐹𝑃
𝑆𝐺
Required Flow Coefficient CVreq = 173,5

The required CV ​ is compared with the initially selected rated CV. If the required CV
​exceeds the assumed valve capacity, it is recommended to increase the valve size by
one nominal size. However, even if the larger size appears to provide a correct
result, it may not always be the optimal choice. Engineers must consider the impact
of flashing flow and repeat the calculations with the new assumed value to ensure
accuracy.

Rated Flow Coefficient CV = 203

Required Flow Coefficient CVreq = 173,5
Check
Valve is sized adequately, current type and dimension are chosen

Since the required CV ​ is lower than the valve's CV ​ when fully open with the attached
fittings, the 4-inch control valve will provide sufficient capacity for the application
and will be adjusted to a CV ​ of 173,5 to regulate the flow at the desired rate.
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

4. RESULT AND CONCLUSION

The required CV is assessed against the initially selected rated CV. If the required CV​
exceeds the capacity of the assumed valve, it is recommended to increase the valve
size by one nominal size. However, even if the next larger size appears to meet the
requirements, it may not always be the best solution. Engineers must account for the
effects of flashing flow and repeat the calculations using the new assumed value to
ensure proper selection.

Selected valve size NPS = 4 inch

Selected valve type = Globe Valve
Selected valve characteristic = Equal Percentage
Selected flow coefficient CV = 203
Final required flow coefficient CVreq = 173,5
Conclusion = Calculation is Successful
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

1. PROBLEM
The objective of this calculation is to determine the correct size of control valve for gas
service. Calculation methods are done according to ISA and IEC procedures.

2. PROCESS DATA
2.1 Liquid Data
Fluid name = Natural Gas Click Here
3
Volumetric Flowrate Q = 1000 m /h
Inlet Pressure Pin = 35 Bar
Outlet Pressure Pout = 26 Bar
Pressure Drop ∆𝑃 = 9,5 Bar
Compressibility Factor at upstream Z1 = 0,910
Molecular Weight MW = 18,76 g/mol
o
Operating Temperature Toperating = 20 C
Density at Temperature 𝜌 = 30,02 kg/m3
Ideal Ratio of Specific Heat 𝛾 = 1,304

2.2 Valve Data

Valve Type = Ball Valve
Valve Characteristics = Equal Percentage
Valve Nominal Size NPS = 4 inch
Flow Coefficient CV = 499
Pressure Drop Ratio Factor at Choked XT = 0,17

3.3 Piping Data

Upstream Nominal Pipe Size NPS = 5 inch
Upstream Pipe Schedule Sch = 40, 40S
Upstream Inside Diameter IDu = 5,047 inch
Downstream Nominal Pipe Size NPS = 5 inch
Downstream Pipe Schedule Sch = 40, 40S
Downstream Inside Diameter IDd = 5,047 inch
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

3. CALCULATION
The calculation begun by determining the Piping Geometry Factor (FP) and Pressure Drop
Ratio Factor (XTP)

1 Legend
𝐹𝑃 = 2
K1 : Resistance coeff. Of upstream inlet
σ 𝐾 𝐶𝑣 K2
1+ : Resistance coeff. of downstream inlet
2
𝑁2 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 KB1 : Inlet Bernoulli coeff.
KB2 : Outlet Bernoulli coeff.
1 dnom : Nominal Valve Size (in)
𝑋𝑇𝑃 = 2
D : Internal Pipe Diameter
𝐾1 + 𝐾𝐵1 𝐶𝑣 1 CV :
+ Flow coeff. Assumed at 100%
𝑁2 2
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝐹𝐿2
open or 90o
Σ𝐾 = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 + 𝐾𝐵1 − 𝐾𝐵2

The ΣK term is the algebraic sum of the velocity head loss coefficients of all of the fittings
that are attached to the control valve. Where:

2 2 2 2
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚
𝐾1 = 0.5 1 − 𝐾2 = 1.0 1 −
𝐷12 𝐷22
For identical fittings or reducer:
2 2
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚
𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = 1.5 1 −
𝐷2
4 4
𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚
𝐾𝐵1 = 1 − 𝐾𝐵2 = 1 −
𝐷1 𝐷2

First, determine the compulsory resistance coefficients:

Resistance coeff. of upstream inlet K1 = 0,07
Resistance coeff. of downstream inlet K2 = 0,14
K1 + K2 = 0,21 or;
Resistance coeff. of inlet & outlet K1 + K2 = 0,21
Outlet Bernoulli coeff. KB2 = 0,605
Inlet Bernoulli coeff. KB1 = 0,605
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

Total velocity head loss coefficient ΣK = 0,21

Equation constant N2 = 890,00
N5 = 1000
N6 = 27,30
Thus, FP and FLP :
1
𝐹𝑃 = 2
σ 𝐾 𝐶𝑣
1+ 2
𝑁2 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚

𝑋𝑇
𝐹𝑃2
𝑋𝑇𝑃 = 2
𝑋𝑇 (𝐾1 + 𝐾𝐵1 ) 𝐶𝑣
1+ 2
𝑁5 𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑚

Piping Geometry Factor Fp = 0,903

Pressure Drop Ratio Factor XTP = 0,188

After calculating those two variables. Now we move to calculate the pressure drop
ratio to use for sizing (Xsizing), either it's actual or choked, and the expansion factor
(Y).

Specific Heat Ratio Factor F𝛾 = 0,93

𝛾
𝐹𝑌 =
1,4
Thus:
Choked Presure Drop Ratio Xchoked = 0,175
𝑋𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑘𝑒𝑑 = 𝐹𝛾 𝑋𝑇𝑃

Then, the selected pressure drop ratio is :

Pressure Drop Ratio Used Xsizing = 0,17

Xsizing = Actual
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

Therefore, the expansion factor is :

𝑋𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑌 =1−
3𝑋𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑘𝑒𝑑

Expansion Factor Y = 0,68

Therefore, now we can calculate the Required Flow Coefficient (CVreq)

Mass Flowrate W = 30018,38 kg/h

𝑊
𝐶𝑉 =
𝑁6 𝐹𝑃 𝑌 𝑋𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃1 𝜌1

Required Flow Coefficient CVreq = 134,0

The required CV ​ is compared with the initially selected rated CV. If the required CV
​exceeds the assumed valve capacity, it is recommended to increase the valve size by
one nominal size. However, even if the larger size appears to provide a correct
result, it may not always be the optimal choice. Engineers must consider the impact
of flashing flow and repeat the calculations with the new assumed value to ensure
accuracy.

Rated Flow Coefficient CV = 499

Required Flow Coefficient CVreq = 134,0
Check
Valve is sized adequately, current type and dimension are chosen

Since the required CV ​ is lower than the valve's CV ​ when fully open with the attached
fittings, the 4-inch control valve will provide sufficient capacity for the application
and will be adjusted to a CV ​ of 134 to regulate the flow at the desired rate.
 Project Name :
THE GABE OIL
Project Number :
CONTROL VALVE SIZING
Sheet No. : 3 of 5
Rev Date By APVD
FOR LIQUID AND GAS PHASE
23.12.24 Q.Y.A. N.H.

4. RESULT AND CONCLUSION

The required CV is assessed against the initially selected rated CV. If the required CV​
exceeds the capacity of the assumed valve, it is recommended to increase the valve
size by one nominal size. However, even if the next larger size appears to meet the
requirements, it may not always be the best solution. Engineers must account for the
effects of flashing flow and repeat the calculations using the new assumed value to
ensure proper selection.

Selected valve size NPS = 4 inch

Selected valve type = Ball Valve
Selected valve characteristic = Equal Percentage
Selected flow coefficient CV = 499
Final required flow coefficient CVreq = 134,0
Degreee Travel Approximated o
= 62,9
Conclusion = Calculation is Successful