PM SHRI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA GACHIBOWLI, GPRA CAMPUS, HYD–32

PRACTICE PAPER 02 (2024-25)

Geography - Chapter 01 Resources and Development
(ANSWERS)
SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE MAX. MARKS : 40
CLASS : X DURATION : 1½ hrs
General Instructions:
(i). All questions are compulsory.
(ii). This question paper contains 18 questions divided into five Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii). Section A comprises of 8 MCQs of 1 mark each. Section B comprises of 3 questions of 2 marks
each. Section C comprises of 4 questions of 3 marks each. Section D comprises of 2 questions of
5 marks each and Section E comprises of 1 Case Study Based Questions of 4 marks each.
(iv). There is no overall choice.
(v). Use of Calculators is not permitted

SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 8 carry 1 mark each.
1. Which of the following statement(s) is/are an example of over-utilisation of resources?
P: The degradation of quality of land, air and local water sources.
Q: The Malyan tigers being classified as a critically endangered species.
(a) Only P (b) Only Q (c) Both P and Q (d) Neither P nor Q
Ans. (c) Both P and Q
2. Which of the following is correctly matched?
(a) Alluvial Soil — Consist of sand and silt (b) Black Soil — Salt content is high
(c) Arid Soil — Diffusion of iron in crystalline (d) Laterite Soil — Made up of Lava flows
Ans. (a) Alluvial Soil-Consist of sand and silt

3. Which among the following is not a problem of resource development?

(a) Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals
(b) Accumulation of resources in few hands
(c) Indiscriminate exploitation of resources
(d) An equitable distribution of resources
Ans. (d) An equitable distribution of resources
4. Identify the main aim of the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit 1992.
(a) Protection of Environment and socio- economic development.
(b) Protection of Environment and cultural development
(c) Protection of water and socio-economic development
(d) Protection of Earth and socio-economic development
Ans. (a) Protection of Environment and socio-economic development

5. Which one of the following conferences was convened to discuss environmental protection and
socio-economic development at the global level in 1992?
(a) Kyoto Protocol (b) Montreal Protocol
(c) Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit (d) World Summit on Sustainable development
Ans. (c) Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit

6. Alluvial soil found in India is mostly formed by the silt which is deposited by Indo-Gangetic-
Brahmaputra rivers. Parent rock forming this silt is found in which of the following regions?
(a) Northern Plains (b) Eastern Coastal Plains
(c) The Himalayas (d) Gangetic Delta
Ans. (c) The Himalayas

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In the following questions 7 and 8, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A)
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true

7. Assertion (A): An equitable distribution of resources has become essential for a sustained
quality of life and global peace.
Reason (R): Equitable distribution promotes inequality among classes.
Ans. (c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false

8. Assertion (A): Rich resources in colonies were the main attractions for the foreign invaders.
Reason (R): Foreign invaders exploited these resources through better technologies and earned
wealth through this drain.
Ans. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A)

SECTION – B
Questions 9 to 11 carry 2 marks each.
9. Mr. Palani is from Tamil Nadu, wishes to cultivate either tea or wheat. Which one of the crops
out of the two can he cultivate in his state? Substantiate your answer with any two reasons.
Ans. Mr. Palani must cultivate tea in Tamil Nadu as the soil and climatic conditions in Tamil
Nadu are suitable to grow tea.
(i) The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile
well-drained laterite soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require a warm and moist
frost-free climate all through the year.
(ii) Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.

10. (i) What is the role of human beings in the development of a resource?
(ii) Read the following features of a soil and name the related soil :
(a) Develops in high rainfall areas
(b) Intense leaching process takes place.
(c) Humus content is low.
Ans. (i) Human beings transform material available in our environment into resources and use
them.
(ii) Laterite soil

11. How are mining activities responsible for land degradation in Jharkhand?
Ans. Land degradation in Jharkhand:
(i) Mining activities caused deep scars and traces of overburdening.
(ii) Deforestation leads to land degradation.

SECTION – C
Questions 12 to 15 carry 3 marks each.
12. “Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.” Justify the statement with appropriate
arguments.
Ans. Land is an important natural resource. This can be argued through the following statements:
(i) All economic activities are performed on land. This includes production of goods.
(ii) Land supports natural vegetation and wildlife. Most of the minerals are formed in land.

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 (iii) It is used for transport and communication system.

13. ‘Sustainable Development is a crucial step for the development of a country’. Explain with
suitable examples.
Ans. Sustainable development is crucial for development of a country as it:
(i) Promotes use of renewable resources like solar energy, tidal energy, etc
(ii) Puts a check on over usage of resources
(iii) Promotes protection and conservation of resources for future generation

14. Describe any three main features of ‘black soil’ found in India.
Ans. Features of the black soil found in India are:
(i) Black soil is black in colour and is also known as regur soil.
(ii) Black soil is ideal for growing cotton and is also known as black cotton soil.
(iii) It is fine textured and clayey in nature.
(iv) It is formed from weathered lava rocks, which also gives it its black colour.
(v) It has high water retention power. (Any 3 points)

15. Why should we use natural resources properly and judiciously? Explain your views.
Ans. The importance of judicious use of resources are:
(i) Multiple environmental and socio-economic problems may arise if resources are used in an
indiscriminate manner.
(ii) Most of the resources are non-renewable. The continuous usage of these resources may result
in exhaustion of the resources. This may stunt development and growth of the people.
(iii) It will enhance the status of a person and would not impede development in general for
future generations. They have to be used with caution.

SECTION – D
Questions 16 to 17 carry 5 marks.
16. Discuss the factors responsible for land degradation in India.
Ans. The important factors responsible for land degradation in India are as follows : (any 5)
(i) Deforestation : By an estimate over one million hectares of forest is lost every year in India.
(ii) Erosion : Loss of vegetation cover makes land more susceptible to erosion. Wind and water
have left vast tracts of land barren. Water erodes top soil to an extent of around 12,000 million
tons per annum.
(iii) Over-irrigation : Successive cropping and overirrigation, leads to water-logging and
consequent salinisation and alkalisation. This situation mainly arises due to poor drainage.
(iv) Floods and Droughts : Drought is both man-made and environment-induced. Man has
played a key role in the creation of drought-prone areas by over-exploitation of natural resources
like forests, degradation by grazing, excessive withdrawal of ground water, silting of tanks,
rivers, etc.
Floods, on the other hand, are caused by heavy rains in a very short period. Each situation could
have been altered had there been good vegetation cover. Vegetation helps in reducing run-off,
increasing infiltration and reducing soil erosion.
(v) Over-grazing : India has the worlds largest cattle population, but not enough pasture land.
This has led to serious problems as animals have encroached into forest lands and even
agricultural lands. Land degradation due to over-grazing leads to desert like conditions.
(vi) Pollution : Pollution of land is caused by disposal of solid waste, leftover from domestic,
industrial and agricultural sectors. Another major source of land pollution is the creation of
derelict land due to mining particularly due to surface and underground mining activities.

17. What are the three stages of resource planning in India? Why is it essential to have resource
planning?
Ans. Stages of resource planning are :

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 – Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves
surveying, mapping and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the
resources.
– Evolving a planned structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set-
up for implementing resource development plans.
– Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Resource planning is a technique or skill for proper utilisation of resources.
(i) As resources are limited, their planning is necessary so that we can use them properly and also
save them for our future generation.
(ii) Resources are not only limited but they are distributed over different parts of the country.
(iii) Resource planning is also essential for production of resources and to protect them from
over exploitation.

SECTION – E (Case Study Based Questions)

Questions 18 carry 4 marks each.
18. The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion. The
processes of soil formation and erosion go on simultaneously and generally there is a balance
between the two.

Sometimes, this balance is disturbed due to human activities like deforestation, overgrazing,
construction and mining etc., while natural forces like wind, glacier and water lead to soil
erosion. The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies. The
land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In the Chambal basin such lands are
called ravines. Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. In such cases the
top soil is washed away.
(a) Referring to the source, mention type of erosion destroys the subsoil.
(b) Name an agent from the source that causes sheet erosion.
(c) Define Ravines. Name a state from the given case where they are found.
Ans. (a) Gully erosion
Other types of erosion basically affect the topsoil sheet and not the subsoil directly.
(b) Water causes sheet erosion.
(c) Ravines are produced/created because of erosion of the soil cover caused by running water.
Such lands are also called Badlands. They can be found in Chambal basin in Rajasthan.

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