DCS & SCADA conceptions

Truong Dinh Chau

(+84) (0)91. 543-74-40
[email protected],
[email protected]
http://truongdinhchau.com
DCS
● A distributed control system (DCS) refers to a control system usually
of a manufacturing system, process or any kind of dynamic system, in
which the controller elements are not central in location (like the
brain) but are distributed throughout the system with each
component sub-system controlled by one or more controllers.

● The entire system of controllers is connected by networks for

communication and monitoring.

● DCS is a very broad term used in a variety of industries, to monitor

and control distributed equipment.

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DCS
● The elements of a DCS may connect directly to physical equipment
such as switches, pumps and valves and to HMI via SCADA.

● The differences between a DCS and SCADA is often subtle, especially

with advances in technology allowing the functionality of each to
overlap

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DCS
DCS = PAC + Distributed I/Os + Distributed Controllers + Networks +
HMIs + Configuration software + Dev. Software

PAC: Process Automation Control

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DCS componens

Software
- System engineering tools
PAC (PAC, Device buses,
Station Third party devices, HMI, …)
- Devices Library
- Process Library
-…

Hardware

-PAC Platforms
- CPUs
PAC
Station
- Local I/O
- Remote I/O
- Distributed I/O
- HMI Terminal
- Networks & Device buses
-…
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 Definition of SCADA

• Real-time DAQ
SCADA - • Processing
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition • Archives
Supervision, Control And Data Acquisition • Monitoring
• Control

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Functional organization of SCADA system

● Information data acquisition from controllers located in the low level

● Saving the obtained data in storages
● Processing of obtained information
● Graphical interpretation
● Receiving command from operator and transfer them to controllers
● Event registration regarding to control process and personal actions
● Prevention or notification about events and alarms
● Reporting
● Data exchange with enterprise automated control systems
● Direct automatic control of control processes

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Technical keywords of SCADA system
● Graphics displays
● Tag
● Alarms, Events
● Trends: Real-time, historical
● Report
● I/O driver
● I/O server
● Real-time
● Multitasking
● Openness
● Scalability
● Data access
● Database
● Networking
● Fault tolerance and redundancy
● Client/server distributed processing
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Typicall tasks in SCADA system

●Input/output task
This program is the interface between the control and monitoring
system and the plant floor.
●Alarm task
This manages all alarms by detecting digital alarm points and
comparing the values of analog alarm points to alarm thresholds.
●Trends task
The trends task collects data to be monitored over time.
●Reports task
Reports are produced from plant data. These reports can be periodic,
event triggered or activated by the operator.
●Display task
This manages all data to be monitored by the operator and all
control actions requested by the operator.

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 Distributed architecture in modern SCADA systems

●Open architecture design

●Real-time multitasking
●Client/server fully supported with no
user configuration
●Distributed project updates (changes
reflected across network)
●Concurrent support of multiple
display nodes
●Access any tag from any node
●Access any data (trend, alarm,
report) from any node

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Popular SCADA packages
SCADA Company Country
Citect Schneider Electric France
InTouch Wonderware USA
Factory Talk Rockwell Automation USA
iFIX Intellution USA
GeniDAQ Advantech Taiwan
Genesis32 Iconics USA
Trace Mode AdAstra Russia
Vijeo Look Schneider Electric France
Factory Link United States Data USA
LabView National Instruments USA
WinCC Siemens Germany
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Typical structure

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PAC station software integration
How to share the variables between the different software tools?

SCADA

Software
Software
1 -Import / Export
(.TXT, .SCY,.XSY,.XVM)
Modicon
PAC Controller -Static Link

HMI
HMI
PAC
Station
Ethernet
Remote
Other
PAC
2 -Dynamic Link
IO
Remote
(.STU, .XVM, .XEF)
PAC IO station
station
DIO

DIO
3 -SpeedLink (Vijeo Citect)
(Static / Dynamic)

4 -Data dictionary
(online, run mode change)
Field devices

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 PAC station integration

Unity Vijeo OFS

Pro Designer .XVM
Elementary data type (EDT)

1 Table,
Structure
Derived data type (DDT)
.STU, .XEF, .XVM Elementary function block

2 (EFB)Derived function block (DFB)

with Public variables ( V3.3 ) and

input/Output)
Data Dictionary
FCHMI
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.STU
SpeedLink Elementary data type (EDT)
Table, structure
3 Derived data type (DDT)
Elementary function block (EFB)
Derived function block (DFB)
Citect I/O derived data type (IODDT)

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Distributed vs. Centralized

Distributed Architecture (ETH) Centralized Architecture (in rack)

Standard communication protocol Optional redundant cabling
Off-the-shelf cabling system Optional redundant power supply
Greater distances on Fiber Possible remote rack serial comm
Fiber optic: wide offer Hardware configuration handled by the
Virtually unlimited topology deployment programming environment
(including FO ring) Synchronous I/O data exchanges
Potential mix of I/Os and devices Unity Pro Integrated diagnostic scheme and
Possibly multiple I/O streams operating mode strategy
Single I/O stream

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Process centric vs. Remote centric
Process Centric Remote Centric

• Continuous process • Sporadic monitoring and

automation and control; control;
• Maintained • Comfortable on slow
communication links; and unpredictable Remote
• Localized; communication links; Locations

• Remote;

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Sample
systems

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Training panel

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