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8 views

11 old Unit 5

it grade 11 note

Uploaded by

talentmastery360
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 5

Hardware Troubleshooting and Preventive Maintenance

5.1 Hardware Troubleshooting


• Systematic approach to identifying fault causes.
• Solves technical problems.
• Starts with general issues, progresses to specific ones.

5.1.1 Hardware Troubleshooting Procedures

• Hardware troubleshooting involves reviewing, diagnosing, and identifying operational or


technical issues within a hardware device.
• Software troubleshooting involves scanning, identifying, diagnosing, and resolving
problems, errors, and bugs in software.
• Basic procedures for checking hardware problems are crucial to prevent computer
malfunction and damage.

Computer Problems Solution

• Check if computer is plugged into a working power outlet.


• Ensure everything is turned on.
• If computer is on but screen is blank, check for connection issues.
• Ensure proper plugged-in keyboard, mouse, monitor, speakers.
• Try different ports or replace damaged devices.

5.1.2 Check POST


Check POST in Computer Startup
• POST, or Power On Self-Test, diagnoses keyboard, RAM, disk drives, and other hardware.
• If detected, it displays a text error message or emits beeps.
• If error message appears, type it and search for more information online.
5.1.3. Beep Codes

• Beep codes are sounds emitted by computers during Power on Self-Test (POST).
• Each BIOS manufacturer has a unique beep sequence for hardware failures.
• If a computer is experiencing an error, listen for the beep codes during the POST.
• Some beep codes and their related problems include:
• No beep but the system turns on and runs fine: The "beeper" may have died out.
• No beep - Power supply is not plugged in or turned on.
• Steady, short beeps - Power supply may be bad or the voltages might be wrong.
• Steady, long beeps - Power supply has gone bad.
• Long, continuous beep - Random Access Memory (RAM) sticks may have gone bad.
• One long, two short beeps - Video card failure.
• If reseating doesn't work, replace the video card.

5.1.3 BIOS Information


• BIOS stands for Basic Input/Output System.
• Starts computer system after power on.
• Manages data flow between OS and attached devices.
• Boots and stops after POST indicate BIOS setting problem.
• Requires knowledge of computer hardware.
• Recommends contact with a computer hardware technician for problem resolution.

5.1.4 CMOS Error


• CMOS is an onboard chip that stores BIOS configuration settings.
• CMOS alerts indicate the need for battery replacement.
• Carefully remove the CMOS battery and insert a new, identical one.

5.1.6 Event Viewer

• Updates Event Viewer with system or application error information.


• Categories of events are expanded for more information.
• Windows Log category contains events related to Application, System, and Security.
• Application log records events related to Windows system components.
• System log records events related to installed programs.
• Security log records events related to security, such as logon attempts and resource access.
• For detailed error information, double-click on the error.
• Further internet searching may be necessary to identify an appropriate solution.

5.1.7 Hardware Problems

• Hardware failures or driver issues often cause computer problems.


• Windows displays notifications about devices with hardware problems.
• Device Manager is a centralized utility for managing hardware devices.
• It provides a central view of all hardware installed on a system.
• It helps manage all hardware devices, including keyboards, hard disk drives, and USB
devices.
• It allows changes in hardware configuration options, driver management, and identifies
hardware conflicts.
• Devices with problems display an error icon next to their name.
• The operating system flags devices with an error icon, indicating a problem.
• Devices with an exclamation mark, red X, downward-pointing arrow, or yellow question
mark indicate device issues.

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