Solution

SET - B

Class 12 - Physics
Section A
1.
(d) 2.4 × 10-5 J
Explanation:
2.4 × 10-5 J

2. (a) If q > 0 and is displaced away from the centre in the plane of the ring, it will be pushed back towards the centre.
Explanation:
If q > 0 and is displaced away from the centre in the plane of the ring, it will be pushed back towards the centre.
3.
(b) The field does positive work on the electron and its potential energy decreases.
Explanation:
The field does positive work on the electron and its potential energy decreases.

4.
(c) E ∝ 1/ r2 and radially outward
Explanation:
E ∝ 1/ r2 and radially outward

5. (a) The light bulb has a greater resistance and draws a smaller current than the table fan.
Explanation:
The light bulb has a greater resistance and draws a smaller current than the table fan.
6.
(d) E

Explanation:
E

7. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
8. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B

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 9.

10.

11.

OR
(a) Circuit I - the bulb glows when the switch is closed and does not glow when the switch is open.
Circuit II - the bulb glows when the switch is open and does not glow when the switch is closed. (0.5 marks for each correct
answer.)
(b) Circuit I is preferred because current flows in circuit I only when the switch is closed. In circuit II, current flows both when the
switch is opened and closed. This causes a wastage of energy. (OR) In circuit II, when the switch is closed, the battery might get
damaged due to short-circuiting. (1 mark for writing the complete answer.)
Section C

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12.

13. (a) The attraction between A and B could be due to the following reasons: -
B is negatively charged and hence A and B attract each other. [0.5 mark] -
B is neutral. The two balls attract each other due to the polarization of molecules in neutral ball B. [0.5 mark]
It is not possible to determine for sure that ball B is negative or neutral from this experiment alone.
(b) Possible additional experiments: -
A known neutral ball can be brought near ball B (without ball A nearby). [1 mark]
If the neutral ball is attracted to ball B, then ball B is negatively charged for sure. If there is no interaction between the two balls,
then ball B is neutral for sure. [1 mark]
14. On introduction of dielectric slab of dielectric constant K to fill the gap between plates of capacitor of separation d completely and
also connected with a battery, the given quantities become as follows:
i. The potential difference V between the plates of capacitor remains same due to connectivity with battery and hence, charge q'
becomes K times of original charge as
q' = C'V' = (KC)(V) = K(CV) = Kq
=> q' = Kq
ii. Electric field intensity remains same as potential difference and distance of separation between two plates remain unaffected
as
V
E= d

iii. The capacitance of the capacitor becomes K times of original capacitance of the capacitor.
Kε0 A
′
∴ C = KC =
d

15. (a) She can connect the resistors in series with the bulb. When the resistor is connected in series with the bulb, the supply voltage
divides between the resistor and the light bulb. Hence, the voltage drop across the bulb can be reduced. (1 mark)
(b) Resistance of bulb Rbulb = V2 /P = 3 x 3/6 = 1.5 Ω (0.5 marks)
For the voltage drop to be 3 V across the bulb, the voltage drop across the resistor should be 9 V. (0.5 marks)
Since the same current flows through the resistor and bulb,
Vbulb/Rbulb = Vresistor/Rresistor
3/1.5 = 9/Rresistor
Rresistor = 4.5 Ω ( 1 mark
OR
a. Equivalent resistance of two 4Ω resistors in parallel is given by 4×4

4+4
Ω = 2Ω
12×6 72
Equivalent resistance of 12Ω and 6Ω resistors in parallel is given by 12+6
Ω = 18
Ω = 4Ω
Now these resistance 2Ω, 1Ω, 1Ω and 4Ω (equivalent of 12Ω and 6Ω) are in series.
So, total resistance is (2 + 1 + 1 + 4)Ω = 8Ω
16
b. I = R+r
E
= A = 2 A
7+1

Consider the resistors between A and B. It is a case of two equal resistors connected in parallel. So, current in each resistor is
1A. Current through 1Ω is clearly 2A.
Let us now consider resistors between C and D. It is a parallel combination of two resistances. Current would be divided in the
inverse ratio of resistances. If I1 is the current through 12Ω and I2 is the current through 6Ω, then
I1

I2
=
6

12
=
1

2
.

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 So, current through 12Ω resistor is given by 2

3
.
A

Similarly, current through 6Ω resistor is given by 4

3
.
A

c. The voltage VAB between A and B is the product of total current between A and B and the equivalent resistance between A
and B.
∴ VAB = 2 × 2V = 4V

Similarly V BC
= 2 × 1V = 2 V, V
CD
= 2 × 4V =8V
Section D
16. i. (c)
ii. (b)
iii. (a): Since, E = 0 inside the conductor and has no tangential component on the surface, no work is done in moving a small test
charge within the conductor and on its surface.
iv. (b): The work done in bringing unit positive charge from infinity to a point which is at a distance x from the positive charge
Q is defined as the potential at the given point due to the charge Q. Therefore ϕ = W .
v. (b): Wext = q0ΔV

Section E
17. i. Kirchhoff’s junction rule - at any junction, the sum of the current entering the junction is equal to the sum of currents leaving
the junction.
Kirchhoff's second rule: The algebraic sum of changes in potential around any closed loop involving resistors and cells in the
loop is zero.

In balanced fridge Ig = 0,
Hence I1 = I3 and I2 = I4
Using Kirchhoff’s loop rule for closed loops ADBA and CBDC
- I1R1 + 0 + I1R1 = 0 (Ig=0) ...(i)
In the second loop I3 = I1, I4 = I2
I2R4 + 0 - I1R3 = 0 ...(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii)
I1 R2 I1 R4

I2
=
R1
and I2
=
R3

R2 R4
=
R1 R3

This is the condition for balanced Wheatstone bridge

ii. n loop MNOTM
2I + 4 I1 = 8 ...(i)
Loop OPSTO
-I + 5 I1 = -4 ...(ii)
On solving
Current in MN, I = 4A
Current in TO, I1 = 0A
Current in SP, I - I1 = 4A
Hence, the currents flowing through the branches MN, TO and SP are 4 A,0 A and 4 A
OR

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 i. I.

II.

1 1 1 1
ii. (i) r
=
r1
+
r2
+
r3
eq
1 1 1 1
= + +
req 2r 3r 6r

req = r
Given cells are of equal emf (E) and connected in parallel, so
Eeq
E E E
= + +
req 2r 3r 6r

Eeq = E
Eeq

Current flowing I = R+req

E
I =
R+r

(ii) The terminal potential difference

V = Eeq = Ireq
E
V=E− (R+r)
× r

ER
V=
R+r

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