PHYSICS

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion(A) : The centre of curvature is not a part of the mirror. It
lies outside its reflecting surface.
Reason (R) : The reflecting surface of a spherical mirror forms a part of a
sphere. This sphere has a centre.
Answer(a)
Q.2. Assertion (A) : A ray passing through the centre of curvature of a
concave mirror after reflection, is reflected back along the same path.
Reason (R) : The incident rays fall on the mirror along the normal to the
reflecting surface.
Answer(a)
Q.3. Assertion (A) : Light does not travel in the same direction in all the
media.
Reason (R) : The speed of light does not change as it enters from one
transparent medium to another.
Answer(c)
Q.4. Assertion(A) : The emergent ray is parallel to the direction of the
incident ray.
Reason (R) : The extent of bending of the ray of light at the opposite
parallel faces (air- glass interface and glass-air interface) of the rectangular
glass slab is equal and opposite.
Answer(a)
Q.5. Assertion(A) : A ray of light travelling from a rarer medium to a
denser medium slows down and bends away from the normal. When it
travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it speeds up and bends
towards the normal.
Reason (R) : The speed of light is higher in a rarer medium than a denser
medium.
Answer(d)
Q.6. Assertion(A): The mirrors used in search lights are concave spherical.
Reason (R) : In concave spherical mirror the image formed is always
virtual.
Answer(c)
Q.7. Assertion(A) : Light travels faster in glass than in air.
Reason (R) : Glass is denser than air.
Answer(d)
Q.8. Assertion(A) : For observing traffic at back, the driver mirror is
convex mirror.
Reason (R) : A convex mirror has much larger field of view than a plane
mirror.
Answer(a)
Q.9. Assertion(A): Mirror formula can be applied to a plane mirror.
Reason (R) : A plane mirror is a spherical mirror of infinite focal length.
Answer(a)
Q.10. Assertion(A) : It is not possible to see a virtual image by eye.
Reason (R): The rays that seem to emanate from a virtual image do not in
fact emanates from the image.
Answer(d)
Q.11. Assertion(A) : When the object moves with a velocity 2 m/s, its
image in the plane mirror moves with a velocity of 4 m/s.
Reason (R) : The image formed by a plane mirror is as far behind the
mirror as the object is in front of it.
Answer(a)
Q.12. Assertion(A) : The height of an object is always considered positive.
Reason (R) : An object is always placed above the principal axis in this
upward direction.
Answer(a)
Q.13. Assertion(A) : Concave mirrors are used as make-up mirrors.
Reason (R) : When the face is held within the focus of a concave mirror,
then a diminished image of the face is seen in the concave mirror.
Answer(c)
Q.14. Assertion(A) : Refractive index has no units.
Reason (R) : The refractive index is a ratio of two similar quantities.
Answer(a)
Q.15. Assertion(A) : The formula connecting u, v and f for a spherical
mirror is valid in all situations for all spherical mirrors for all positions of
the object.
Reason (R) : Laws of reflection are strictly valid for plane surfaces.
Answer(c)
Q.16. Assertion(A): A person cannot see his image in a concave mirror,
unless, he is standing beyond the center of curvature of the mirror.
Reason (R) : In a concave mirror, image formed is real provided the object
is situated beyond its focus.
Answer(b)
Q.17. Assertion(A): Virtual images are always erect.
Reason (R) : Virtual images are formed by diverging lenses only.
Answer(c)

BIOLOGY
Q.1. Assertion (A) : Plants lack excretory organs.
Reason (R) : Plants usually absorb essential nutrients.
Answer(b)
Q.2. Assertion (A) : In anaerobic respiration, one of the end product is
alcohol.
Reason (R) : There is an incomplete breakdown of glucose.
Answer(a)
Q.3. Assertion (A) : In plants there is no need of specialised respiratory
organs.
Reason (R) : Plants do not have great demands of gaseous exchange.
Answer(a)
Q.4. Assertion (A) : Bile is essential for digestion of lipids.
Reason (R) : Bile juice contains enzymes.
Answer(c)
Q.5. Assertion (A) : Carbohydrate digestion mainly takes place in small
intestine.
Reason (R) : Pancreatic juice contains the enzyme lactase.
Answer(c)
Q.6. Assertion (A) : Aerobic respiration requires less energy as compared
to anaerobic respiration.
Reason (R) : Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell.
Answer(d)
Q.9. Assertion (A): Energy is required to carry out different life processes.
Reason (R) : Energy is obtained in the form of ATP in the mitochondria.
Answer(a)
Q.10. Assertion (A): Rings of cartilage are present in the throat,
Reason (R) : These ensure that the air-passage does not collapse
Answer(a)
Q.11. Assertion (A): Pyruvate is a six-carbon molecule
Reason (R) : It is prepared in the cytoplasm as the first step to cellular
respiration
Answer(d)
Q.12. Assertion (A): Molecular movements are needed for life.
Reason (R): Body structures made up of these molecules need continuous
repair and maintenance
Answer(a)
Q.13. Assertion (A): Diffusion does not meet high energy requirements of
multi-cellular organisms
Reason (R) : Diffusion is a fast process but occurs at the surface of the
body.
Answer(c)
Q.14. Assertion (A): The opening and closing of the pore is a function of
the guard cells.
Reason (R) : Stomatal pores are the site for exchange of gases by diffusion.
Answer(b)
Q.16. Assertion (A): The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous
finger-like projections called villi.
Reason (R) : The villi increase the surface area for absorption.
Answer(a)
Q.17. Assertion (A): In human beings, the respiratory pigment is
haemoglobin
Reason (R) : It is a type of protein which has high-affinity carbon dioxide.
Answer(c)
Q.19. Assertion : The movement of water and dissolved salts in xylem is
always upwards.
Reason: ‘The upward movement of water is due to low pressure created by
transpiration.
Answer(a)
Q.20. Assertion : Photosynthesis takes place in green parts of the plants.
Reason: Photosynthesis always takes place in leaves.
Answer(c)
Q.25. Assertion : Blood takes up oxygen from the alveolar air and release
CO2 during exchange.
Reason: ‘The concentration of O, is more in alveolar air.
Answer(b)
Q.26. Assertion: The large intestine is the largest part of the alimentary
canal.
Reason: Tiger has a shorter small intestine, than herbivores.
Answer(d)
Q.27. Assertion : Most of the living organisms carry out aerobic
respiration.
Reason: Mitochondria is the site of aerobic respiration in the cell.
Answer(b)
Q.29. Assertion : Pancreatic juice digests starch, proteins and fats.
Reason: Pancreatic juice contains digestive enzymes like pancreatic
amylase, trypsin and lipase.
Answer(a)
Q.30. Assertion: The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles causes
muscle cramps.
Reason: During vigorous physical exercise leg muscles respire
anaerobically.
Answer(a)
Q.32. Assertion : Trachea does not collapse, when there is no air in it.
Reason : Trachea is supported by cartilage.
Answer(a)

CHEMISTRY
Q.1. Assertion (A) : Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost is an
example of exothermic reactions.
Reason (R) : Exothermic reaction are those reactions in which heat is
evolved.
Answer(a)
Q.2. Assertion (A) : When HCl is added to zinc granules, a chemical
reaction occurs.
Reason (R) : Evolution of a gas and change in colour indicate that the
chemical reaction is taking place.
Answer(b)
Q.3. Assertion (A) : Calcium carbonate when heated gives calcium oxide
and water.
Reason (R) : On heating calcium carbonate, decomposition reaction takes
place.
Answer(d)
Q.4. Assertion (A) : Brown fumes are produced when lead nitrate is
heated.
Reason (R) : Nitrogen dioxide gas is produced as a by product due to the
decomposition of lead nitrate.
Answer(a)
Q.5. Assertion (A) : White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.
Reason (R) : Decomposition of silver chloride in presence of sunlight takes
place to form silver metal and chlorine gas.
Answer(a)
Q.6. Assertion (A): Pungent smelling gas is produced when sulphur burns
in air.
Reason (R) : Sulphur trioxide is formed on reaction of sulphur with
oxygen.
Answer(c)
Q.7. Assertion (A) : In a reaction of copper with oxygen, copper serves as
a reducing agent.
Reason (R) : The substance which gains oxygen in a chemical reaction acts
as a reducing agent.
Answer(a)
Q.8. Assertion (A) : In electrolysis of water, the volume of hydrogen
liberated is twice the volume of oxygen formed.
Reason (R) : Water (H,0) has hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2 by
volume.
Answer(c)
Q.9. Assertion (A): Corrosion of iron is commonly known as rusting.
Reason (R) : Corrosion of iron occurs in presence of water and air.
Answer(b)
Q.10. Assertion (A) : The balancing of chemical equations is based on law
of conservation of mass.
Reason (R) : Total mass of reactants is equal to total mass of products.
Answer(a)
Q.11. Assertion (A): In a balanced chemical equation, total mass of the
reactants is equal to the total mass of the products.
Reason (R): Mass can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical
change.
Answer(a) This is due to the conservation of mass.
Q.12. Assertion (A): Iron articles are painted so as to prevent them from
rusting.
Reason (R): When the surface of iron is coated with paint, its surface does
not come in contact with oxygen and moisture therefore rusting does not
take place.
Answer(a)
Q.13. Assertion (A) : Chemical reaction changes the physical and chemical
state of a substance.
Reason (R) : When electric current is passed through water (liquid), it
decomposes to produce hydrogen and
oxygen gases.
Answer(b)
Q.14. Assertion (A): When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to
give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
Reason (R): The decomposition reaction takes place on application of heat,
therefore, it is an endothermic reaction.
Answer(b) CaCO3 on heating gives CO2 and CaO.
Q.15. Assertion (A): Zinc reacts with sulphuric acid to form zinc sulphate
and hydrogen gas and it is a displacement reaction.
Reason (R): Zinc reacts with oxygen to form zinc oxide
Answer(b) Decomposition reaction is a reaction in which a compound
breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
Q.16. Assertion (A): Chips manufacturers usually Ilush bags of chips with
gas such as nitrogen to prevent the chips from getting oxidised.
Reason (R): This increase the taste ot the chips and helps in their digestion.
Answer(c) Nitrogen being antioxidant prevents the chips from being
oxidised.
Q.17. Assertion (A): Exposure of silver chloride to sunlight for a long
duration turns grey due to the formation of silver by decomposition of
silver chloride.
Reason (R): In this process, sublimation of silver chloride takes place.
Answer(c)
Q.18. Assertion (A): Rusting of iron metal is the most common form of
corrosion.
Reason (R): The effect of rusting of iron can be reversed if they are left
open in sunlight.
Answer(c)
Q.19. Assertion (A): AgBr is used on photographic and X-ray film.
Reason (R): AgBr is photosensitive and changes to Ag and bromine in
presence of sunlight and undergoes decomposition reaction.
Answer(a) AgBr is a chemical compound. It is widely used in photography
as photographic emulsions.
Q.20. Assertion (A): Magnesium ribbon keeps on burning in atmosphere of
nitrogen.
Reason (R) : Magnesium reacts with nitrogen to form magnesium nitride
and this reaction is combination reaction.
Answer(a)
Q.21. Assertion (A): A lead nitrate on thermal decomposition gives lead
oxide, brown coloured nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas.
Reason (R): Lead nitrate reacts with potassium iodide to form yellow ppt.
of lead iodide and the reaction is double displacement as well as
precipitation reaction.
Answer(b)